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2022

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Articles 151 - 180 of 338

Full-Text Articles in Physiology

The Effects Of Carbonyl Iron Vs Ferrous Sulfate On Blood Iron Markers In Male Division Iii Cross-Country Athletes, Sam Gunter May 2022

The Effects Of Carbonyl Iron Vs Ferrous Sulfate On Blood Iron Markers In Male Division Iii Cross-Country Athletes, Sam Gunter

Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects

Competitive distance runners are often predisposed to developing iron deficiency. This study aimed to determine if carbonyl iron was more effective at maintaining blood iron markers and minimizing overall fatigue and GI stress than ferrous sulfate. In this randomized, independent groups study, 7 male, division III cross-country athletes were supplemented with either carbonyl iron or ferrous sulfate for 6 weeks. Blood hemoglobin, hematocrit, subjective GI distress, subjective fatigue, and relative exertion of recent training were assessed at baseline, 3 and 6 weeks. Results were analyzed via one -way and repeated measures analyses of variance (ANOVA) to determine significant differences in …

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The Effects Of Wearing A Sports Mask Compared To A Standard Surgical Face Mask During The Forestry 5 Minute Submaximal Step Test, Christian Kumar May 2022

The Effects Of Wearing A Sports Mask Compared To A Standard Surgical Face Mask During The Forestry 5 Minute Submaximal Step Test, Christian Kumar

Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects

The existence of the COVID-19 global pandemic has forced the introduction of wearing face masks when in public spaces or in near proximity to others. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the physiological effects and perceptions of wearing a sports mask compared to a standard surgical face mask during exercise. Nineteen subjects, 10 male and 9 female subjects ranging between 19-25 years of age completed the 5-minute Forestry Step Test randomized to wear either an Under Armour sports mask, a standard surgical mask, or wearing no mask. Resting and post-exercise heart rate, RPE, and metabolic data was …

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Comparison Of Training Load Between Ncaa Diii Tennis Resistance Training, Practices, And Matches, Lauren Pascadlo May 2022

Comparison Of Training Load Between Ncaa Diii Tennis Resistance Training, Practices, And Matches, Lauren Pascadlo

Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects

Background: There are 7553 NCAA Division III tennis players, who play with less training coordination than elite players. Most training load research for tennis focuses on elite players, while Division III tennis load research is highly underdeveloped. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to describe the training load in Division III tennis players during resistance training, practices, and matches. The hypothesis is that Division III tennis match external and internal loads will be higher than external and internal loads required during practices. Methods: 6 male and female NCAA Division III tennis players participated in the study. Participants attended 2 …

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Paternal Obesity And Effect Of Fish Oil Supplementation On Offspring Metabolic Health, Akriti Shrestha May 2022

Paternal Obesity And Effect Of Fish Oil Supplementation On Offspring Metabolic Health, Akriti Shrestha

Theses - ALL

Obesity and overweight arise due to an abnormal fat accumulation in the body that presents a risk to health. Individuals with body mass index (BMI) of greater than 30 kg/m2 are considered obese. CDC data show that 43% of the adults in the US are obese. The prevalence of obesity as well as its strong association with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases are the serious concerns of public health which calls for the need of appropriate diet/nutrition that can minimize the negative effect of obesity. Literature suggests that 50% of the contribution to obesity can be attributed to genetics. However, studies …

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Understanding The Effects Of Therapeutic Horseback Riding On Functional And Behavioral Outcome In Autistic Children And Adolescents, Leigh-Anne Mccormick May 2022

Understanding The Effects Of Therapeutic Horseback Riding On Functional And Behavioral Outcome In Autistic Children And Adolescents, Leigh-Anne Mccormick

Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects

Equine-assisted services (EAS) have been shown to provide a stimulatory environment that can improve functional motor skills and emotional well-being in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

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Participation In Higher Intensity Physical Activity Predicts Lower Depressive Symptom Incidence In College Students, Lucas D. Elliott, Oliver Wilson, Michele Duffey, Melissa Bopp May 2022

Participation In Higher Intensity Physical Activity Predicts Lower Depressive Symptom Incidence In College Students, Lucas D. Elliott, Oliver Wilson, Michele Duffey, Melissa Bopp

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(7): 667-675, 2022. The prevalence of depression and insufficient physical activity (PA) continue to rise in the United States, particularly among college students. PA is typically associated with decreased levels of depressive symptoms; however, the association between different intensities of PA and depressive symptoms is unclear among college students. The aim of this study was to examine how well weekly moderate PA (MPA), vigorous PA (VPA) and strength training (ST) volumes predicted depressive symptoms in college students. Students self-reported weekly MPA, VPA, ST, depressive symptoms (CESD-7), restful nights of sleep, grade point average (GPA) and …

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Montmorency Cherry Juice Consumption Does Not Improve Muscle Soreness Or Inhibit Pro-Inflammatory Monocyte Responses Following An Acute Bout Of Whole-Body Resistance Training., Devin Drummer, Kelly Pritchett, Gina M. Many, Blaise Dondji, Kathleen Connor, Jerusalem Tesfaye, Mark Young, Robert C. Pritchett May 2022

Montmorency Cherry Juice Consumption Does Not Improve Muscle Soreness Or Inhibit Pro-Inflammatory Monocyte Responses Following An Acute Bout Of Whole-Body Resistance Training., Devin Drummer, Kelly Pritchett, Gina M. Many, Blaise Dondji, Kathleen Connor, Jerusalem Tesfaye, Mark Young, Robert C. Pritchett

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(6): 686-701, 2022. Montmorency Cherry Juice (MCJ) may­­­ improve acute exercise recovery by attenuating inflammation and oxidative stress. However, the anti-inflammatory effects of MCJ on monocyte responses following resistance exercise have not been explored. Seven resistance-trained males (age: 22.9 ± 4.1 yrs; height: 1.8 ± 0.1 m; weight: 81.7 ± 13.2 kg) participated in this study. Participants completed a placebo-controlled crossover design, drinking either MCJ or placebo beverages, 7 days prior to completing an acute bout of unilateral resistance exercise. Statistical significance was assessed using a within-subjects repeated measures ANOVA; alpha level p ≤ 0.05. …

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Acute Dose-Response Of Duration During The Plank Exercise On Muscle Thickness, Echo-Intensity, Peak Force, And Perception Of Effort In Recreationally-Trained Participants, Dani Al Sheikh Aleais, Keanna Sullivan, Paula Ferreira, Priscyla N. Marchetti, Paulo Henrique Marchetti May 2022

Acute Dose-Response Of Duration During The Plank Exercise On Muscle Thickness, Echo-Intensity, Peak Force, And Perception Of Effort In Recreationally-Trained Participants, Dani Al Sheikh Aleais, Keanna Sullivan, Paula Ferreira, Priscyla N. Marchetti, Paulo Henrique Marchetti

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(6): 676-685, 2022. The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the acute effects of different durations of the isometric forearm plank exercise (IFPE) on peak force, echo intensity, muscle thickness, and perception of effort in recreationally-trained participants. Fifteen resistance-trained participants (23±3years, 76.4±6.5kg, 173.3±6.5cm) performed the IFPE with bodyweight in one of three durations in a randomized order: a). 1-min, b). 2-min, and c). 3-min. Muscle thickness (MT), echo intensity (EI), peak force (PF), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured pre-test and post-test. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVAs (2x3) were used to test differences …

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The Effects Of Static And Dynamic Stretching On Muscle Oxygen Saturation In The Rectus Femoris, Zachary R. Brodeur, Michael J. Paustian, Drew A. Monteleone-Haught, Robert A. Lamm, Annaliza G. Pagano, Carrie E. Ellis May 2022

The Effects Of Static And Dynamic Stretching On Muscle Oxygen Saturation In The Rectus Femoris, Zachary R. Brodeur, Michael J. Paustian, Drew A. Monteleone-Haught, Robert A. Lamm, Annaliza G. Pagano, Carrie E. Ellis

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(3): 702-708, 2022. The purpose of this study was to analyze the muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2) of static and dynamic warm-up and assess their impact on athletic preparation. The acute effects of static and dynamic stretching on muscular and functional performance have been well established, with many studies highlighting physiological factors and performance markers (such as range of motion and flexibility). To date, no studies have analyzed the effects of dynamic stretching on muscle oxygenation. Twenty-three recreationally fit participants performed both static (SS) and dynamic stretching (DS) protocols targeting the rectus femoris muscle …

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The Effect Of Acute Caffeine Withdrawal On Exercise Performance In Habitual Caffeine Users, Timothy D. Griest May 2022

The Effect Of Acute Caffeine Withdrawal On Exercise Performance In Habitual Caffeine Users, Timothy D. Griest

Masters Theses, 2020-current

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate how exercise performance is impacted by acute withdrawal from caffeine (CAF) in habitual users and if CAF ingestion will reverse the negative impact of withdrawal or have a net positive benefit. Methods: Ten recreational cyclists (age 39.1 ± 14.9 y; VO2max 54.2 ± 6.2 mL/kg/min) who were habitual CAF consumers (394 ± 146 mg/d) completed four trials, each consisting of peak isokinetic torque testing and a 10-km time trial (TT). On each trial day, subjects consumed either 1.5 mg/kg CAF to prevent withdrawal or placebo (PLA) 8 hours before their …

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The Effect Of Creatine Supplementation On Body Composition And Total Body Water Measured By Multi-Frequency Bioelectrical Impedance, Emily A. Buck May 2022

The Effect Of Creatine Supplementation On Body Composition And Total Body Water Measured By Multi-Frequency Bioelectrical Impedance, Emily A. Buck

Masters Theses, 2020-current

Background: Acute fluid ingestion causes an increase in estimated body fat percentage (BF%) measurements by single frequency (SF-BIA) and multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance (MF-BIA). However, it is unknown if MF-BIA accurately measures total body water (TBW) and BF% after chronic fluid retention. Creatine supplementation causes fluid retention, and resultant increases in TBW and body mass. Research is needed to determine if MF-BIA is capable of detecting fluid retention secondary to creatine supplementation. Methods: 13 male and 14 female subjects (18-22 y) completed one week of creatine monohydrate or maltodextrin supplementation at a dose of 0.3 g/kg body weight. Subjects completed pre-supplementation …

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The Effect Of Dietary Nitrate Supplementation On Physical And Cognitive Performance During Load Carriage In Military Cadets, Nicholas C. Bordonie May 2022

The Effect Of Dietary Nitrate Supplementation On Physical And Cognitive Performance During Load Carriage In Military Cadets, Nicholas C. Bordonie

Masters Theses, 2020-current

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of dietary nitrate supplementation on physical and cognitive performance during exercise conducted under heavy pack load in military cadets. Methods: Ten college-aged males (VO2max 56.2 ± 3.7 ml/kg/min) consumed 140mL/d of concentrated beetroot juice (BRJ; containing 12.8 mmol of dietary nitrate) or a placebo (PL; flavor, color, energy, and texture-matched with no dietary nitrate) for six days preceding an exercise trial. The trial consisted of 45 min of constant-load exercise on a treadmill at 4.83 km/h and 1.5% grade, followed immediately by a 1.6-km time-trial completed at maximal …

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Does A Bout Of Acute Resistance Exercise Attenuate The Post-Prandial Lipemic Response To A High Fat Meal In 50-80 Year-Old Adults, Summer Simulcik May 2022

Does A Bout Of Acute Resistance Exercise Attenuate The Post-Prandial Lipemic Response To A High Fat Meal In 50-80 Year-Old Adults, Summer Simulcik

Masters Theses, 2020-current

Background: A single high-fat meal (HFM) is known to elevate blood lipid levels above what is normal, resulting in postprandial lipemia (PPL). Chronic hyperlipemia has been associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) development. Current physical activity (PA) guidelines recommend at least one set of 8-12 repetitions of each exercise to attenuate this risk. Adults older than 50 (OF) years (y) are at an increased risk for cardiometabolic disease compared to younger adults (YA). Aerobic exercise (AE) performed in the pre-prandial period has been observed to attenuate PPL in both OF and YA. However, …

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A Neuromuscular Look Into Genetics Of Muscle Aging, Christina Talley May 2022

A Neuromuscular Look Into Genetics Of Muscle Aging, Christina Talley

Master of Science in Integrative Biology Theses

As individuals age throughout their life, they experience muscle tissue loss that impacts their quality of life such as a decrease in their physical capabilities and sometimes even their mental capacity. The process of muscle aging is the key point of this study. This involves the individual’s muscles and the motor neurons that control them. Skeletal muscles are used daily to maintain posture, stand, walk, etc. Throughout a lifetime these muscles undergo damage and need to be repaired. When the muscles are repaired, they express physical changes. The tissue shrinks in size and eventually the composition of the tissue is …

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Developing A Novel Place Preference Assay To Compare Drosophila Species Over Time, Martha M. Brinson May 2022

Developing A Novel Place Preference Assay To Compare Drosophila Species Over Time, Martha M. Brinson

Honors Theses

Across phylogeny, integration of external factors, memory, and internal states of the organism dictate organismal behavior and mechanisms. The underlying genetic components can affect these behaviors such as in genomic changes arising from speciation. In this thesis, a new place preference assay was evaluated in the analysis and investigation of two species of Drosophila flies (D. melanogaster and D. simulans) to measure similarities and differences and their attraction to two different food substrates. Sleep and circadian measurements were also recorded during experimentation. The Drosophila Activity Monitor 5M (DAM5M) System and Sleep Circadian Analysis MATLAB Program (SCAMP) analysis were …

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Linking Spinal Cord Circuits With Upper Limb Sensorimotor Control In Adults With Cerebral Palsy, Saihari Dukkipati May 2022

Linking Spinal Cord Circuits With Upper Limb Sensorimotor Control In Adults With Cerebral Palsy, Saihari Dukkipati

Theses & Dissertations

Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common neurological disorder originating in childhood, but most of the people living with CP are currently adults. While people with CP continue to get older, the amount of research focused on adults has been rather limited. The early childhood insults leading to CP are thought to originate in the brain, but the effects on the entire neuromuscular system across the lifespan have only recently started to be explored. Of note, recent neuroimaging evidence suggests that the cervical spinal cord structure is atypical in adults with CP. However, it is largely unclear how the neurophysiological …

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The Effects Of Acute Exercise Intensity On Retrieval-Induced Forgetting, Geoffrey Reliquias May 2022

The Effects Of Acute Exercise Intensity On Retrieval-Induced Forgetting, Geoffrey Reliquias

Honors Theses

Previous research has indicated that aspects of cognitive inhibition may be enhanced after engaging in acute exercise. Notably, cognitive inhibition has been theorized as a potential mechanism for a form of active forgetting known as retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF). Given that cognitive inhibition may explain the RIF phenomenon, and is also influenced by exercise, it is plausible that acute exercise may directly influence RIF. To our knowledge, only one study has examined whether acute exercise has an effect on RIF. The findings of that study did not find a statistically significant effect for RIF; however, we believe that the rather small …

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Psychological Trauma Alters T-Lymphocyte Inflammation And Redox Through Sympathetic Mechanisms, Safwan K. Elkhatib May 2022

Psychological Trauma Alters T-Lymphocyte Inflammation And Redox Through Sympathetic Mechanisms, Safwan K. Elkhatib

Theses & Dissertations

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a devastating psychiatric disorder characterized by distinctive symptom clusters, including intrusive memories (i.e., flashbacks), avoidance of related stimuli, affective changes, and hyperarousal. Strikingly, patients with PTSD face a significantly increased risk for a number of inflammation-driven pathologies, ranging from cardiovascular to autoimmune disease. Yet, the exact etiology of this increased risk remains unknown. The immune system is known to be strongly influenced by the sympathetic nervous system, and sympathetic overactivity is a hallmark of PTSD. Lymphoid organs, such as the spleen, are richly innervated by sympathetic nerve fibers which terminate near adaptive immune …

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Anaerobic Contributions Are Influenced By Active Muscle Mass And The Applied Methodology In Well-Controlled Muscle Group, Gabriel Luches-Pereira, Carlos A. Kalva-Filho, Marcelo Papoti May 2022

Anaerobic Contributions Are Influenced By Active Muscle Mass And The Applied Methodology In Well-Controlled Muscle Group, Gabriel Luches-Pereira, Carlos A. Kalva-Filho, Marcelo Papoti

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(7): 599-615, 2022. The anaerobic metabolism determination is complex and the applied methodologies present limitations. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different calculations (MAOD vs. AOD) on the anaerobic contribution using the dynamic knee extension. Twenty-four male were recruited [Mean (SD); age 27 (1) years, body mass 90 (3) kg, height 181 (2) cm]. This study was divided into two independent experiments (EXP1: ­one-legged; EXP2: two-legged). In both experiments, it was performed a graded exercise test to determine maximal power (MP-GXT); 2-4 submaximal efforts (VO …

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Predictors Of Academic Performance In High School Students: The Longitudinal Asap Study, Marie-Maude Dubuc, Mylene Aubertin-Leheudre, Antony D. Karelis May 2022

Predictors Of Academic Performance In High School Students: The Longitudinal Asap Study, Marie-Maude Dubuc, Mylene Aubertin-Leheudre, Antony D. Karelis

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(4): 616-631, 2022. Academic performance is influenced by multitude factors. However, little is known about their relative importance and how they evolve over time. The purpose of the present study was to determine the relative importance of cognitive control, physical, psychological and sociological factors as well as lifestyle habits in predicting academic performance in high school students using cross sectional and longitudinal approaches. One hundred and eighty-five grade seventh to ninth students (mean age: 13.1 ± 1.0 years old) from a single high school completed a 3-year prospective study. Academic performance, cognitive control, physical, psychological …

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Stimulus Expectancy And Stimulus Response Of Caffeine On 4-Km Running Performance: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled And Crossover Study, Giovanna Rohloff, Diego Souza, Carlos Ruiz-Moreno, Juan Del Coso, Marcos Polito May 2022

Stimulus Expectancy And Stimulus Response Of Caffeine On 4-Km Running Performance: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled And Crossover Study, Giovanna Rohloff, Diego Souza, Carlos Ruiz-Moreno, Juan Del Coso, Marcos Polito

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(2): 645-654, 2022. The placebo effect of caffeine has been poorly investigated in endurance exercise. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the placebo effect of caffeine on 4 km running performance in amateur runners. Twenty-two healthy and recreational male runners (25.5 ± 8.4 yrs; 75.0 ± 7.1 kg; 173.7 ± 6.3 cm) underwent a deceptive experimental design consisting of three different sessions: a) control (CON) in which participants did not ingest any substance; b) placebo (PLA) in which participants ingested a capsule filled with maltodextrin but they were informed that they would …

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Relationship Between Ground Reaction Force Characteristics And Bone Mineral Density Of The Hip And Spine In Male Runners, Michele Leblanc, Allison Burdullis, Marcus Mckinnon, Steven A. Hawkins May 2022

Relationship Between Ground Reaction Force Characteristics And Bone Mineral Density Of The Hip And Spine In Male Runners, Michele Leblanc, Allison Burdullis, Marcus Mckinnon, Steven A. Hawkins

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(1): 655-666, 2022. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between running ground reaction force (GRF) characteristics and hip and lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) values in male runners. Individuals who ran at least 48.3 km per week and were injury-free were recruited. Kistler force plates collected running vertical and anteroposterior GRF data. A Hologic Discovery W bone densitometer measured lumbar spine and five regional hip BMD values. Only runners who consistently used a rear foot strike pattern were included (n = 32). Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated between BMD …

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The Agreement Between A Portable Contact-Mat And Force-Plates During Bilateral Vertical Jumps, Stuart N. Guppy, Yosuke Kotani, Jason P. Lake, Christopher Latella, Jodie Cochrane Wilkie, Kristina L. Kendall, G. Gregory Haff May 2022

The Agreement Between A Portable Contact-Mat And Force-Plates During Bilateral Vertical Jumps, Stuart N. Guppy, Yosuke Kotani, Jason P. Lake, Christopher Latella, Jodie Cochrane Wilkie, Kristina L. Kendall, G. Gregory Haff

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(1): 632-644, 2022. Force plates are commonly used when assessing vertical jumping performance but are not always affordable or practical tools for all testing situations. Twenty-four participants volunteered to take part in a study investigating the agreement between bilateral force plates and a new commercially available contact mat that records jump height, flight-time (FT), and FT of individual limbs during both countermovement (CMJ) and squat (SJ) jumps. Each participant performed six jumps of each type while standing on a contact mat placed upon a pair of in-ground force plates. When compared to the force plate …

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Role Of Fasting In Caloric Restriction Improved Glucose Tolerance, Makayla M. Dillon May 2022

Role Of Fasting In Caloric Restriction Improved Glucose Tolerance, Makayla M. Dillon

ETD Archive

The Caloric Restriction (CR) diet in mammals has been shown to increase longevity and prevent metabolic disorders. Some of the benefits of CR include improved glucose homeostasis, namely improvements in glucose tolerance. Mice on the CR diet have a 30% reduction in food provided, as well as a fasting period between meals as they are only fed once a day. Hence the benefits of CR stem from both fasting and reduced calorie intake. In this study, we investigated if the fasting component of CR is responsible for the benefits of this diet in improving glucose homeostasis. In particular, we used …

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A Multi-Species Study On Several Types Of Visitor Effects On The Behavior And Physiology Of Animals At The Oregon Zoo, Laurel Berylline Fink May 2022

A Multi-Species Study On Several Types Of Visitor Effects On The Behavior And Physiology Of Animals At The Oregon Zoo, Laurel Berylline Fink

Dissertations and Theses

The visitor effect on zoo animals is one of the expanding research topics in zoo animal research. As visitors are a mandatory feature of zoological institutions, understanding their effects on zoo animals is imperative for maximizing zoo animal welfare. Zoo animals are subject to many anthropogenic influences: visual, olfactory, and audible, for example. This dissertation investigates several of the effects of visitor presence and its relative influence on six mammalian species: cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus), African painted dogs (Lycaon pictus), Asian elephants (Elephas maximus indicus & Elephas maximus borneensis), giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata & …

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Ankle Dorsiflexion Range Of Motion, Dynamic Balance, And Static Balance In Division Iii Collegiate Gymnasts, Emily Sabo May 2022

Ankle Dorsiflexion Range Of Motion, Dynamic Balance, And Static Balance In Division Iii Collegiate Gymnasts, Emily Sabo

Master's Theses

Introduction: Artistic gymnastics is a demanding sport composed of high intensity activities. Decreased range of motion can increase the risk of lower extremity injury due to the inability to disperse forces properly upon landing. Landing from a height demands dynamic balance, which may be influenced by ankle range of motion. Due to the complexity of the sport, identifying potential deficits at the ankle could lead to the development of injury prevention programs. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate if correlations exist between active ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (AROM) and static balance and/or AROM and dynamic balance …

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Effects Of Sunrise/Sunset Lighting On Corticosterone Levels In Coturnix Quail (Coturnix Coturnix), Hannah Feuerborn May 2022

Effects Of Sunrise/Sunset Lighting On Corticosterone Levels In Coturnix Quail (Coturnix Coturnix), Hannah Feuerborn

Poultry Science Undergraduate Honors Theses

Both genetics and environment play an important role in the growth, performance and overall welfare of poultry species. Current commercial production practices typically do not mimic the natural environmental conditions of ancestral poultry species, specifically lighting requirements. In nature, poultry species are subjected to natural day length and the slow rising and setting of the sun. This is compared to commercial conditions in which lights are sudden on/off, not mimicking the natural trajectory of the sun in terms of light intensity and exposure. The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of genetics and the effect of sunrise/sunset lighting on …

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Effects Of Glucocorticoids Upon Pro-Inflammatory Responses To Acute Sleep Fragmentation, Hunter Weaver May 2022

Effects Of Glucocorticoids Upon Pro-Inflammatory Responses To Acute Sleep Fragmentation, Hunter Weaver

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Sleep loss is a common problem in humans who suffer from obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep aids in the regulation of immune responses, some of which induce inflammatory responses. Cytokines regulate the inflammatory process and are released in response to sleep fragmentation (SF) in mice. Glucocorticoids are hormones that are released from the adrenal cortices during a stress response and are considered to be anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive at high doses but may stimulate immune function on an acute level. The first hypothesis tested was that normal physiological expression of glucocorticoids (Sham) will display increased IL-1β and TNFα expression levels, while high …

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Effects Of A Leucine Supplementation On Mitochondrial Markers In Pre-Cachectic Female Mice, Breanna Williams May 2022

Effects Of A Leucine Supplementation On Mitochondrial Markers In Pre-Cachectic Female Mice, Breanna Williams

Biological Sciences Undergraduate Honors Theses

Cancer cachexia is a wasting syndrome characterized by extreme weight and skeletal muscle loss that results in death in many tumor bearing individuals. Because skeletal muscle requires a high amount of energy to function, skeletal muscle fiber cells need healthy mitochondria to function. When skeletal muscle loss atrophy occurs, the mitochondrial network is degraded. Different treatments for this muscle atrophy are being studied, one of which is a leucine supplementation since leucine has been found to stimulate skeletal muscle growth in other studies. However, current data suggests that a leucine supplementation in cachexic individuals exacerbates this atrophy. PURPOSE: This study …

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Evaluation Of Diaphragmatic Movement In The Respiratory System Of An Emphysema Patient, Aubri Ford May 2022

Evaluation Of Diaphragmatic Movement In The Respiratory System Of An Emphysema Patient, Aubri Ford

Honor’s College Freeman Research Journal

Respiration is an essential part of life. The diaphragm is the main muscle involved in the process of respiration. However, respiratory diseases such as emphysema alter the function of the diaphragm which sometimes leads to respiratory failure and death. This review compiles studies concerning emphysema and how the morphological changes in the lungs (i.e. hyperinflation) caused by the disease affect the diaphragm. The first major point covers the risks associated with developing the disease as a component of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Next, the paper outlines the pathophysiology of emphysema within the lungs, the methods used to diagnose emphysema, …

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