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Full-Text Articles in Physiology
Effects Of Resistance Exercise On Postprandial Metabolism In Obese Men With Prediabetes, Adam Bittel
Effects Of Resistance Exercise On Postprandial Metabolism In Obese Men With Prediabetes, Adam Bittel
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Prediabetes is a metabolic condition defined by elevated fasting (impaired fasting glucose (IFG)) and/or postprandial (impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)) glucose. Prediabetes affects nearly 86 million adults in the United States, with most (up to 70%) progressing to type 2 diabetes within as little as one year. Recent studies have indicated that elevated post-prandial glycemia and hypertriglyceridemia are early indicators of prediabetes, and are major risk factors for complications of prediabetes, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), stroke, elevated blood pressure, and obesity. Resistance exercise is a central component of exercise recommendations for individuals with type 2 diabetes and prediabetes, but the effect …
Functional And Skeletal Muscle Impairments In Progressive Diabetic Ckd, Daniel Bittel
Functional And Skeletal Muscle Impairments In Progressive Diabetic Ckd, Daniel Bittel
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
1-in-3 persons with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) develop chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is characterized by progressive renal dysfunction leading to end-stage renal disease. In response to elevated blood glucose and systemic inflammation of diabetes, a process of active thickening of the renal glomerular basement membrane ensues with concomitant damage to the structural supports (podocytes) of the kidneyճ filtration barrier. This results in impaired renal filtration. The metabolic sequelea of T2DM and CKD also, synergistically, alter skeletal muscleճ degradative pathways, satellite cell function (muscle reparative cells), and mitochondrial health (muscle energetic machinery) -- resulting in muscle breakdown, poor muscle quality, …
The Role Of Membrane Excitability In Insulin Regulation, Christopher Howard Emfinger
The Role Of Membrane Excitability In Insulin Regulation, Christopher Howard Emfinger
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In mammals, ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels are essential regulators of insulin secretion from pancreatic islet [beta]-cells, illustrated by the finding that gain-of-function mutations in KATP channels (KATP-GOF) cause neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM). However, variability in symptom severity and effectiveness of treatment is seen in NDM, even for those with the same mutation and in the same family. Short-term treatment of mice expressing KATP-GOF mutations in [beta]-cells (KATP-GOF mice) with the KATP blocker glibenclamide during disease onset results in two outcomes: one subset becomes severely diabetic (non-remitters), whereas the other subset remains below the glucose levels at which significant side effects …