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2013

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Articles 391 - 420 of 471

Full-Text Articles in Physiology

High On Grass? Influence Of Terrain On Human Walking Economy., Lindsay M. Wohlers, Kenneth P. Clark, Laurence J. Ryan, Peter G. Weyand Feb 2013

High On Grass? Influence Of Terrain On Human Walking Economy., Lindsay M. Wohlers, Kenneth P. Clark, Laurence J. Ryan, Peter G. Weyand

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Introduction: The metabolic energy cost of human walking has been extensively studied. However, the influence of terrain on the metabolic costs incurred across commonly encountered surfaces is not well understood. Objective: Our objective was to test whether the metabolic cost of walking would vary between treadmill, asphalt, and grass surfaces. We hypothesized that the metabolic energy cost of walking would not differ between the three common level walking conditions: (standard) commercial treadmill, firm asphalt and well-groomed grass field. Methods: Five subjects walked on a level treadmill at speeds ranging from 0.4 m·s-1 to 1.9 m·s-1. Indirect calorimetry …

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Human Sprint Running Mechanics: Do Right And Left Legs Apply Equal Ground Forces?, Kenneth P. Clark, Laurence J. Ryan, Peter G. Weyand Feb 2013

Human Sprint Running Mechanics: Do Right And Left Legs Apply Equal Ground Forces?, Kenneth P. Clark, Laurence J. Ryan, Peter G. Weyand

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Introduction: A growing body of research has focused on between-leg asymmetry as a critical factor for athletic performance and dysfunction. Specifically, various measures of between-leg asymmetry during running have been investigated in both healthy and injured populations. However, while the most important factor for running performance is the magnitude and rate of ground force application, it is not known whether the right and left legs typically apply equal ground forces at faster running speeds. Objective: In a healthy population of athletic female participants, we aimed to: 1) compare the mechanics of ground force application between right and left legs during …

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Skin And Cerebral Vascular Function / Reactivity In Healthy Young Adult African Americans, Kiyoung Kim Feb 2013

Skin And Cerebral Vascular Function / Reactivity In Healthy Young Adult African Americans, Kiyoung Kim

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

African Americans (AA) are at an increased risk for cardio and cerebral vascular disease relative to Caucasians (CA) and the underlying impairments manifest as early as the second generation prior to overt signs of risk. The mechanisms of this increased risk are multifactorial; however, evidence suggests that microvascular dysfunction is a primary contributor. This study tested the hypothesis that microvascular function, indexed by the skin vascular conductance (SkVc) response to local heating, is impaired in young otherwise healthy AAs. Furthermore, we hypothesized that AAs have an attenuated cerebral vasodilator response to hypercapnia. To date complete data sets have has been …

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Cerebrovascular Hemodynamics During Concentric And Eccentric Phases Of Heavy Resistance Exercise, Gilbert Moralez, Steven A. Romero, Caroline A. Rickards, Peter B. Raven, William H. Cooke Feb 2013

Cerebrovascular Hemodynamics During Concentric And Eccentric Phases Of Heavy Resistance Exercise, Gilbert Moralez, Steven A. Romero, Caroline A. Rickards, Peter B. Raven, William H. Cooke

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Rapid and drastic fluctuations in arterial blood pressures, such as those occurring during heavy resistance exercise pose a unique challenge to the maintenance of cerebral perfusion. During high-intensity leg cycling, regulation of cerebral perfusion is reduced by rapid decreases in beat-to-beat fluctuations in blood pressure (diastolic phase) rather than rapid increases (systolic phase). The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that rhythmic heavy resistance exercise will similarly impair the regulation of cerebral blood flow during the diastolic phase of beat-to-beat fluctuations in pressure. We studied seven healthy male subjects. Beat-to-beat finger arterial pressures, and middle cerebral artery …

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Vasodilation To Pth 1-84 In Bone Resistance Arteries Of Rats Occurs Via Endothelium-Dependent, Rather Than Endothelium-Independent Signaling, Tyler J. Benson, Rhonda D. Prisby Feb 2013

Vasodilation To Pth 1-84 In Bone Resistance Arteries Of Rats Occurs Via Endothelium-Dependent, Rather Than Endothelium-Independent Signaling, Tyler J. Benson, Rhonda D. Prisby

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a potent vasodilator, causing systemic hypotension. Previous investigations concluded that vasodilation to PTH in a variety of vascular beds occurs via inhibition of L-type calcium channels in smooth muscle cells. Further, removal of the endothelium in aortic strips and tail arteries did not inhibit relaxation to PTH, suggesting that vasodilation in these vessels does not require nitric oxide (NO) or vascular endothelial cells (Pang et al., 1985; Nickols 1987; Nickols et al., 1986; Crass et al., 1988). We have previously shown that PTH 1-84 augments vasodilation to ~52% of maximum diameter in the femoral principal nutrient …

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Comparing Three Methods Of Measuring Skin Temperature During Exercise In A Hot, Humid Environment, Randall R. Williams, Adam S. Venable, Brian K. Mcfarlin Feb 2013

Comparing Three Methods Of Measuring Skin Temperature During Exercise In A Hot, Humid Environment, Randall R. Williams, Adam S. Venable, Brian K. Mcfarlin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Exercise in a hot, humid environment substantially increases the physiological stress of exercise. Most of the techniques that are currently used to monitor changes in skin temperature have been in use for more than 20 years with little innovation. The purpose of the present study was two-fold: 1) to compare three techniques for measuring skin temperature (wired skin electrode, wireless temperature data logger, and thermal imaging) and 2) to compare and contrast these measures in men and women completing 45-min of cycling in a hot (39±2°C), humid (45±5% RH) environment. The CPHS committee approved all procedures described in this report …

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Effects Of Capsaicin And Evodiamine Ingestion On Energy Expenditure And Fat Oxidation At Rest And After Moderately-Intense Exercise In Young Men, Neil A. Schwarz, Mike Spillane, Paul La Bounty, Pete Grandjean, Brian Leutholtz, Darryn S. Willoughby Feb 2013

Effects Of Capsaicin And Evodiamine Ingestion On Energy Expenditure And Fat Oxidation At Rest And After Moderately-Intense Exercise In Young Men, Neil A. Schwarz, Mike Spillane, Paul La Bounty, Pete Grandjean, Brian Leutholtz, Darryn S. Willoughby

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Capsaicin and evodiamine are two thermogenic agents each recognized for their ability to stimulate the sympathetic nervous system and are thus found in many dietary supplements. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to observe the effects that capsaicin and evodiamine have on hemodynamics, energy expenditure, and markers of lipid oxidation while at rest and after a single bout of moderate-intensity exercise in young men. In a randomized, cross-over design, 11 men orally ingested 500 mg of capsaicin, evodiamine, or placebo while at rest after 30 minutes of resting energy expenditure assessment using open-circuit spirometry. After an additional 30 minutes …

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Association Of Cardiovascular Fitness And Metabolic Syndrome In Male Police Officers, Matthew S. Schmidt, Steve Martin Feb 2013

Association Of Cardiovascular Fitness And Metabolic Syndrome In Male Police Officers, Matthew S. Schmidt, Steve Martin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Metabolic syndrome has been shown in numerous studies to be related to a higher incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD). A study by Jurca and coworkers (Med. Sci. Sports Exerc 36(8):1301-1307, 2004) found a relationship between aerobic fitness and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in a group of men enrolled in the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study (ACLS). In addition, recent work in our lab (Int J Exerc Sci 2(1): S43, 2009) has supported these findings. However, research exploring this relationship is still lacking in male police officers. Previous research has suggested that the prevalence of CAD in police …

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Gender Differences In Skin And Core Body Temperature During Exercise In A Hot, Humid Environment., Adam S. Venable, Randall R. Williams, Brian K. Mcfarlin Feb 2013

Gender Differences In Skin And Core Body Temperature During Exercise In A Hot, Humid Environment., Adam S. Venable, Randall R. Williams, Brian K. Mcfarlin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Background. It is universally accepted that men and women regulate heat differently during exercise in hot, humid environments. Despite this common knowledge, little empirical data is available to explain how gender differences effect core/skin temperature changes. Further, the data that is available includes only limited measurement sites and/or time points. Methods. The purpose of this study was to measure the heat regulatory patterns for both men and women during 60-min of exercise in a hot, humid environment. Twenty aerobically fit subjects (10 men; 10 women) completed an acclimation session followed by a 60-min exercise protocol in an environmental chamber set …

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Association Of Cardiovascular Fitness And Syndrome X In Male Firefighters, Adam C. Sanchez, Steven E. Martin, Brad S. Lambert, Alex Carradine, John S. Green Facsm, Steve F. Crouse Facsm Feb 2013

Association Of Cardiovascular Fitness And Syndrome X In Male Firefighters, Adam C. Sanchez, Steven E. Martin, Brad S. Lambert, Alex Carradine, John S. Green Facsm, Steve F. Crouse Facsm

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Metabolic syndrome has been shown in numerous studies to be related to a higher incidence of coronary artery disease. A study by Jurca and coworkers (Med. Sci. Sports Exerc 36(8):1301-1307, 2004) found a relationship between cardiovascular fitness and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in a group of men enrolled in the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study (ACLS). In addition, recent work in our lab (Int J Exerc Sci 2(1): S43, 2009) has supported these findings. However, research exploring this relationship is still lacking in male firefighters, whose leading cause of line-of-duty deaths is heart attacks. Purpose: To further …

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Deptor Expression Correlates With Muscle Protein Synthesis, Kevin L. Shimkus, Elyse V. Wudeck, Yasaman Shirazi-Fard, Mats I. Nilsson, Nicholas P. Greene, Harry A. Hogan, James D. Fluckey Feb 2013

Deptor Expression Correlates With Muscle Protein Synthesis, Kevin L. Shimkus, Elyse V. Wudeck, Yasaman Shirazi-Fard, Mats I. Nilsson, Nicholas P. Greene, Harry A. Hogan, James D. Fluckey

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) has long been declared a focal point of muscle protein synthesis. mTORC1 (an mTOR complex consisting of mTOR, raptor, PRAS40, and mLST8) has been associated with regulation of protein translation in muscle, altering expression and activity levels of key downstream targets S6K1 and eIF-4E-BP1. mTORC1 has been shown to be affected by various stimuli, including nutritional status, growth factors, and mechanical loading. But in past incidents we have found disconnects in muscle protein synthesis and mTOR signaling, stimulating discussions that mTOR content and activation alone may not be able to fully account for muscle protein …

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Accuracy Of Various Newer Pedometers Placed At Different Body Sites, Victor Lee, Wonil Park, Byungmo Ku, Hirofumi Tanaka Feb 2013

Accuracy Of Various Newer Pedometers Placed At Different Body Sites, Victor Lee, Wonil Park, Byungmo Ku, Hirofumi Tanaka

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Introduction: Pedometers are increasingly used as a self-monitoring aid for achieving and increasing daily physical activity. Older pedometers had varied levels of accuracy ranging from 0 to 45% difference and were needed to be positioned in a certain way (on the waist). Newer models can be placed anywhere on the body but its accuracy is unknown when they are placed at different bodily sites. Purpose: We determined the accuracy of various newer pedometers under controlled laboratory and free walking conditions. Method: A total of 40 subjects (20 male and 20 female) varying widely in age (18-61 years) and BMI (18-38 …

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Transiently Silencing Genes Associated With Voluntary Physical Activity Using Intravenous Injection Of Vivo‐Morpholinos, David P. Ferguson, Emily E. Schmidt, Dr.Timothy Lightfoot Feb 2013

Transiently Silencing Genes Associated With Voluntary Physical Activity Using Intravenous Injection Of Vivo‐Morpholinos, David P. Ferguson, Emily E. Schmidt, Dr.Timothy Lightfoot

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Physical inactivity has been associated with several diseases and conditions with multiple candidate genes proposed to regulate voluntary physical activity. However, there has not been a reliable method to silence candidate genes in vivo to determine causal mechanisms of physical activity regulation. The novel molecular biology tool, Vivo‐morpholinos, is a potential method to transiently silence specific genes. Thus, the aim of this study was to validate the use of Vivo‐morpholinos in a mouse model for voluntary physical activity with several sub‐objectives. We observed that Vivomorpholinos achieved between 60 – 97% knockdown of Drd1‐, Vmat2‐, and Glut4‐protein in skeletal muscle, the …

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Aquatic Treadmill Training Reduces Blood Pressure Reactivity To Acute Graded Exercise In Previously Sedentary Adults, Brad S. Lambert, Nicholas P. Greene, Dustin P. Joubert, Steven E. Riechman, James D. Fluckey, Stephen F. Crouse, Alex T. Carradine Feb 2013

Aquatic Treadmill Training Reduces Blood Pressure Reactivity To Acute Graded Exercise In Previously Sedentary Adults, Brad S. Lambert, Nicholas P. Greene, Dustin P. Joubert, Steven E. Riechman, James D. Fluckey, Stephen F. Crouse, Alex T. Carradine

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Endurance exercise may reduce blood pressure and improve vasodilatory capacity thereby blunting the hypertensive response to stress. To test the efficacy of a novel model of low-impact endurance training, the aquatic-based treadmill (ATM), to improve blood pressure parameters, we recruited 60 sedentary adults and randomized to 12-weeks of either ATM (n = 36 [19 men, 17 women] , 41±2 yr, 173.58 ±1.58cm, 93.19 ±3.15kg) or land-based treadmill (LTM, n = 24 [11 men, 13 women], 42 ±2yr, 170.39 ±1.94cm, 88.14 ±3.6kg) training; 3sessions·wk-1, progressing to 500 kcal·session-1, 85% VO2max. The maximal Bruce treadmill test protocol was performed before and after …

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Inter-Individual Differences In Tolerance To A Simulated Hemorrhage Challenge During Heat Stress: Cerebrovascular Control, Joshua F. Lee, Kevin M. Christmas, Chansol Hurr, Kiyoung Kim, R. Matthew Brothers, Michelle L. Harrison Feb 2013

Inter-Individual Differences In Tolerance To A Simulated Hemorrhage Challenge During Heat Stress: Cerebrovascular Control, Joshua F. Lee, Kevin M. Christmas, Chansol Hurr, Kiyoung Kim, R. Matthew Brothers, Michelle L. Harrison

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

A high degree of inter-individual variability exists in heat stress (HS) -induced reductions in orthostatic tolerance relative to normothermia (NT), which may be associated with HS-mediated reductions in cerebral perfusion, and thus mechanisms of cerebrovascular control during hypotensive challenges. This study tested two hypotheses; 1) the magnitude of increase in cerebral autoregulation (CA) would be negatively correlated with the difference in tolerance to graded lower body negative pressure (LBNP) 30 [assessed with a cumulative stress index (CSI)] during HS relative to NT (CSIdiff), and 2) cerebrovascular sensitivity to HS-induced hypocapnia would be positively correlated with CSIdiff. Subjects (N=13) were exposed …

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Eating And Exercise Behaviors, And Motivational Differences Between Kinesiology Majors And Non-Majors, Elizabeth L. Haddock, Stacey A. Gaines Feb 2013

Eating And Exercise Behaviors, And Motivational Differences Between Kinesiology Majors And Non-Majors, Elizabeth L. Haddock, Stacey A. Gaines

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Eating and exercise behaviors have garnered a substantial amount of research attention. Several health risks are known to be lower in individuals who exercise, yet only 35% of college students exercise on a regular basis (Silliman, Rodas-Fortier, & Neyman, 2004). Despite the evidence suggesting healthy eating and exercise habits to reduce chronic disease, college students typically do not meet their own stated goals for exercise and nutrition, or goals set forth by national guidelines (Walace, et al., 2000). Therefore, a college campus is a challenging yet necessary setting for people to overcome barriers and obstacles in their lives that may …

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The Analysis Of Two Different Types Of Tapers On Exercise Performance, Christina Rial, David L. Nichols Ph.D., Facsm Feb 2013

The Analysis Of Two Different Types Of Tapers On Exercise Performance, Christina Rial, David L. Nichols Ph.D., Facsm

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in a step taper and an exponential decay taper across time. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups, the step (n = 9) or exponential decay (n = 11) group. The participant’s baseline tested, trained for 4 weeks, pre tested, tapered for one week, and then post tested. The exponential group (15.56 ± 1.33; 10.64 ± 1.21) had a significantly lower RPE compared to the step group (16.20 ± 2.68; 11.13 ± 0.64) in stage 4 of the pretest and in stage 2 of the posttest (p ≤ .05). …

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Maintenance Of Mitochondrial Genomic Integrity In The Absence Of Manganese Superoxide Dismutase In Mouse Liver Hepatocytes., Anthony R. Cyr, Kyle E. Brown, Michael L. Mccormick, Mitchell C. Coleman, Adam J. Case, George S. Watts, Bernard W. Futscher, Douglas R. Spitz, Frederick E. Domann Feb 2013

Maintenance Of Mitochondrial Genomic Integrity In The Absence Of Manganese Superoxide Dismutase In Mouse Liver Hepatocytes., Anthony R. Cyr, Kyle E. Brown, Michael L. Mccormick, Mitchell C. Coleman, Adam J. Case, George S. Watts, Bernard W. Futscher, Douglas R. Spitz, Frederick E. Domann

Journal Articles: Cellular & Integrative Physiology

Manganese superoxide dismutase, encoded by the Sod2 gene, is a ubiquitously expressed mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme that is essential for mammalian life. Mice born with constitutive genetic knockout of Sod2 do not survive the neonatal stage, which renders the longitudinal study of the biochemical and metabolic effects of Sod2 loss difficult. However, multiple studies have demonstrated that tissue-specific knockout of Sod2 in murine liver yields no observable gross pathology or injury to the mouse. We hypothesized that Sod2 loss may have sub-pathologic effects on liver biology, including the acquisition of reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial DNA mutations. To evaluate this, we established …

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Release Of Avian Neurotensin In Response To Intraluminal Contents In The Duodenum Of Chickens, Teresa F. Degolier, Robert E. Carraway Feb 2013

Release Of Avian Neurotensin In Response To Intraluminal Contents In The Duodenum Of Chickens, Teresa F. Degolier, Robert E. Carraway

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Peripheral and hepatic-portal plasma levels of neurotensin (NT) in fed and fasted chickens were determined using RIA. Portal levels of NT1-13 (fed = 61.3 ± 3.9 fmol/mL; fasted = 44.5 ± 3.9 fmol/mL) were significantly higher than peripheral levels (fed = 8.2 ± 3.3 fmol/mL; fasted = 7.8 ± 3.0 fmol/mL) collected from the wing vein, indicating that some NT is metabolized in the liver. Portal plasma levels of NT collected from fed birds were also significantly higher than portal plasma levels of NT collected from fasted birds. Neurotensin, as identified by HPLC, exhibited a 2-fold increase in plasma extracts …

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Too Much Puff, Not Enough Push? Surf Lifeguard Simulated Cpr Performance, Kevin Moran, Jonathon Webber Feb 2013

Too Much Puff, Not Enough Push? Surf Lifeguard Simulated Cpr Performance, Kevin Moran, Jonathon Webber

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

The purpose of this paper is to report on the technical competency of volunteer surf lifeguards to perform CPR on a manikin in light of their lifeguard experience, age, and gender. The CPR skills of surf lifeguards on patrol at the beginning of the 2010-11 summer season were tested on manikins by observation of CPR procedures and electronic recording of compression and ventilation skills. Almost all lifeguards (n=252) made the appropriate initial checks for responsiveness (98%). Compression skills were generally performed accurately with few technical errors (such as incomplete release). Most lifeguards (87%) over-ventilated the lungs (> 600ml) on each …

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The Feasibility Of A Fiber Optic Laser Approach To Relieving Lymphedematous Syndrome: A Case Report, Beniamino Palmieri, Alessandro Di Cerbo, Valentina Rottigni, Gregorio Fistetto, Tommaso Iannitti Feb 2013

The Feasibility Of A Fiber Optic Laser Approach To Relieving Lymphedematous Syndrome: A Case Report, Beniamino Palmieri, Alessandro Di Cerbo, Valentina Rottigni, Gregorio Fistetto, Tommaso Iannitti

Physiology Faculty Publications

Here we report a case of successful fiber optic laser treatment of lymphedema in a swollen arm post mastectomy. At the moment, this procedure has only anecdotal evidence to justify its use, but in our experience is a feasible, minimally invasive day-stay procedure which has been demonstrated to be safe and effective. Further nonhomogeneous case pooling and follow-up would enable guidelines and definite surgical protocols for its use to be implemented.

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The Impact Of Gut Passage By Binturongs (Arctictus Binturong) On Seed Germination, Christina P. Colon, Ahimsa Campos-Arceiz Feb 2013

The Impact Of Gut Passage By Binturongs (Arctictus Binturong) On Seed Germination, Christina P. Colon, Ahimsa Campos-Arceiz

Publications and Research

Binturongs (Arctictis binturong) are the largest of Asian civets and, due to their highly frugivorous diet, are expected to play an important role in seed dispersal processes. To study the effect of binturong gut passage on seed viability, we fed 10 captive binturongs with fruits of longan (Dimocarpus longan), papaya (Carica papaya) and chiku (Manilkara zapota), collected the seeds they defaecated, and planted these to determine seed germination rate and time. Of the defaecated seeds, 90.4% passed through binturong gut intact in under nine hours, and 99.4% passed in under 33 hours. Chiku seeds had the highest germination rate (35.7% …

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Effects Of Two Weeks Of High-Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) On Monocyte Tlr2 And Tlr4 Expression In High Bmi Sedentary Men, Marta Child, Melanie Leggate, Michael Gleeson Jan 2013

Effects Of Two Weeks Of High-Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) On Monocyte Tlr2 And Tlr4 Expression In High Bmi Sedentary Men, Marta Child, Melanie Leggate, Michael Gleeson

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 6(1) : 81-90, 2013. Monocyte TLR expression has been shown to be reduced after a combination of aerobic and resistance exercise, but more studies considering the influences of different exercise intensities, type and duration on TLR expression are needed. Although there is an agreement about the importance of physical exercise, the minimal amount needed to improve health status is uncertain. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyse the influence of 2 weeks of high-intensity intermittent exercise training on CD14+ monocyte TLR4 expression in a sedentary, high BMI population. As a secondary purpose, this …

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Effect Of Gps Feedback On Lactate Threshold Pacing In Intercollegiate Distance Runners, Jacob W. Smith, Matthew F. Moran, John T. Foley Jan 2013

Effect Of Gps Feedback On Lactate Threshold Pacing In Intercollegiate Distance Runners, Jacob W. Smith, Matthew F. Moran, John T. Foley

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 6(1) : 74-80, 2013. In their roles as coaches, the authors have observed that first-year collegiate distance runners often have difficulty running at prescribed training paces during lactate threshold (LT) training runs. Previous research has validated the accuracy of global positioning system (GPS) devices in providing distance and velocity feedback during running. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of using the Garmin Forerunner 305 GPS watch (Garmin) to reduce deviations from prescribed training paces during LT runs with first-year collegiate runners. Participants were two groups of varsity cross country runners who …

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Association Of Venous Function And Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption, Eric Tisdell, Matthew C. Scott, Zeki Bahadir, Tracie Parish, Arturo Arce-Esquivel, Devon Dobrosielski, Michael Welsch Jan 2013

Association Of Venous Function And Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption, Eric Tisdell, Matthew C. Scott, Zeki Bahadir, Tracie Parish, Arturo Arce-Esquivel, Devon Dobrosielski, Michael Welsch

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 6(1) : 63-73, 2013. Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) has been attributed to metabolic, hemodynamic, neuroendocrine, and pulmonary factors. Interestingly, few studies have examined the role of venous system on EPOC. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between measures of vascular function and EPOC. Measures of vascular function and VO2 recovery kinetics were examined in 20 individuals [age=22+2.41 yrs]. Nondominant forearm arterial inflow, venous capacitance and venous outflow were evaluated at rest and after 5 minutes of upper arm occlusion, using strain gauge plethysmography. VO2 recovery kinetics was assessed …

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Dietary Habits, Menstrual Health, Body Composition, And Eating Disorder Risk Among Collegiate Volleyball Players: A Descriptive Study, Suzanne L. Vargas, Kelly Kerr-Pritchett, Charilaos Papadopoulous, Virginia Bennett Jan 2013

Dietary Habits, Menstrual Health, Body Composition, And Eating Disorder Risk Among Collegiate Volleyball Players: A Descriptive Study, Suzanne L. Vargas, Kelly Kerr-Pritchett, Charilaos Papadopoulous, Virginia Bennett

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 6(1) : 52-62, 2013. Volleyball is typically considered a non-aesthetic sport. However, the revealing nature of volleyball uniforms may place additional pressure on female volleyball players to be thin and increase the risk of disordered eating. The purpose of this study was to provide descriptive data concerning the body composition, nutritional habits, eating disorder risk, and menstrual health of collegiate volleyball players. Female collegiate volleyball players (N = 14) completed a 7-day food record, menstrual health questionnaire, and EAT-26 survey. Participant body composition was determined using a 3 site skinfold test and the Bod …

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Variations In Running Technique Between Female Sprinters, Middle, And Distance Runners, Ruthann Cunningham, Iain Hunter, Matthew K. Seeley, Brent Feland Jan 2013

Variations In Running Technique Between Female Sprinters, Middle, And Distance Runners, Ruthann Cunningham, Iain Hunter, Matthew K. Seeley, Brent Feland

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 6(1) : 43-51, 2013. In the sport of track and field, runners excel not only due to physiological characteristics but also aspects in running technique. Optimal technique allows runners the perfect the balance between running speed and economy. The ideal movement pattern may vary between events as the goal goes from economy of movement in the long-distance events to speed and power in the sprints. Understanding how each type of runner moves differently will help coaches more effectively train their athletes for each specific running event. This study was conducted to determine if sprinters, middle-distance, …

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Investigation Of Injuries Occurring Within Competitive Waterskiing In The Uk, Sarah L. Loughlin Jan 2013

Investigation Of Injuries Occurring Within Competitive Waterskiing In The Uk, Sarah L. Loughlin

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 6(1) : 29-42, 2013. To date, most waterskiing research has been on recreational waterskiers from the USA. Our aim was to determine if the tournament waterskiing population in the UK had the same injury patterns as these previously studied populations. We hypothesised that the number of injuries, body parts injured and type of injury would vary by gender, event and competitive level. An online questionnaire was distributed to all British Water Ski Federation (BWSF) tournament licence holders. There were 90 participants: 24 female and 66 male (mean age 37 ± 15). Chi- squared and Fishers …

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The Validity Of 7-Site Skinfold Measurements Taken By Exercise Science Students, Tiago V. Barreira, Matthew S. Renfrow, Wayland Tseh, Minsoo Kang Jan 2013

The Validity Of 7-Site Skinfold Measurements Taken By Exercise Science Students, Tiago V. Barreira, Matthew S. Renfrow, Wayland Tseh, Minsoo Kang

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 6(1) : 20-28, 2013. Skinfold (SKF) measurement is arguably the most ubiquitous method of estimating percent body fat (%BF) because of cost, ease, and feasibility. However, it is unknown how accurately novice exercise science students measure SKF thickness. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the validity with which exercise science students in an Exercise Physiology course measured skinfold thickness and estimated percent body fat (%BF) when compared to a skilled technician. Twenty-three novice undergraduate students were afforded both verbal measurement instruction and visual measurement demonstration and, subsequently, assessed SKF thicknesses of a …

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Oxygen Cost Of Performing Selected Adult And Child Care Activities, Nathanael Meckes, Jesse W. Vezina, Stephen D. Herrmann, Brandon J. Sawyer, Siddhartha Angadi, Barbara E. Ainsworth Jan 2013

Oxygen Cost Of Performing Selected Adult And Child Care Activities, Nathanael Meckes, Jesse W. Vezina, Stephen D. Herrmann, Brandon J. Sawyer, Siddhartha Angadi, Barbara E. Ainsworth

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 6(1) : 11-19, 2013. Little is known about the oxygen cost of caring for infants and older adults. Many people perform these activities so it is useful to know the energy cost and if the activities are of sufficient intensity to contribute to meeting physical activity recommendations. The purpose of this study was to assess the oxygen cost of four care-related activities in the Compendium of Physical Activities. Nineteen participants (n = 10 women, n = 9 men; Age = 36.4 ± 13.6 y; % Fat = 34.1 ± 10.5; BMI = 28.1 ± 4.5 …

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