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2009

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Articles 121 - 150 of 155

Full-Text Articles in Physiology

Arterial Pulse Wave Velocities Are Unchanged Following 12 Weeks Of Circuit Weight Training, Joseph D. Jacquez, Steven A. Romero, Eren R. Sanborn, Gilbert Moralez, Dong Dong Lui, Donovan L. Fogt, William H. Cooke Feb 2009

Arterial Pulse Wave Velocities Are Unchanged Following 12 Weeks Of Circuit Weight Training, Joseph D. Jacquez, Steven A. Romero, Eren R. Sanborn, Gilbert Moralez, Dong Dong Lui, Donovan L. Fogt, William H. Cooke

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Arterial stiffness is decreased after vigorous endurance training and increased after high-intensity resistance training. The effects of a combined program of moderate endurance and resistance exercise on arterial stiffness have not been determined. PURPOSE: To determine whether12 weeks of circuit weight training will decrease both central and peripheral arterial stiffness as estimated from pulse wave velocity (PWV). METHODS: Thirteen males and eight females (age 22 ± 2, height 162 ± 8 cm, weight 78 ± 20 kg) were assigned to control (n = 10) or exercise (n = 11) groups. Aerobic capacity and muscular strength were assessed before and at …

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Reliability Of The Omron Hbf-500 Body Composition Monitor, Rodrigo G. Perez, Michael I. Pribyl, John D. Smith Feb 2009

Reliability Of The Omron Hbf-500 Body Composition Monitor, Rodrigo G. Perez, Michael I. Pribyl, John D. Smith

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The Omron HBF-500 incorporates both hand-to-hand and foot-to-foot electrical impedance technology. At this time, the authors are not aware of any studies examining the consistency of this monitor. PURPOSE: To assess the reliability of the Omron HBF-500 body composition monitor. METHODS: Twelve men and six women signed an informed consent and participated in the study (32.4±8.7 years, 169.9±7.5 cm, 81.4±15.9 kg, 28.2±5.5 kg.m-2). Participants reported to the laboratory on three separate occasions separated by at least one day and within one week. Participants were asked to refrain from exercise and caffeine on the days of testing and, were asked to …

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Lower Extremity Kinetics In High And Low-Arched Athletes During Landing, Elizabeth T. Chalambaga, Douglas Powell, Doug Renshaw, Matthew Bice, Benjamin Long Feb 2009

Lower Extremity Kinetics In High And Low-Arched Athletes During Landing, Elizabeth T. Chalambaga, Douglas Powell, Doug Renshaw, Matthew Bice, Benjamin Long

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Abnormal foot function has been associated with an increased rate of injury in the athletic population. It has been shown that high-arched (HA) and low-arched (LA) athletes experience different injury patterns. These may be the manifestation of different loading and joint torque patterns in HA and LA athletes. It has been shown that HA and LA athletes have unique kinematic and kinetic patterns during running. However, little research has examined ground reaction forces (GRF) and lower extremity joint kinetics in HA and LA athletes during landing tasks. PURPOSE: To examine GRF and knee and ankle joint torques in HA and …

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The Effects Of Insoles On Loading Rate In Level Running, Crystal Ruano, Douglas Powell, Doug Renshaw, Elizabeth Chalambaga, Matthew Bice Feb 2009

The Effects Of Insoles On Loading Rate In Level Running, Crystal Ruano, Douglas Powell, Doug Renshaw, Elizabeth Chalambaga, Matthew Bice

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Introduction: Running is one of the most popular recreational sports in America with over 250 million regular runners. Recreational and competitive runners often experience over-use injuries including plantar fasciitis, Achilles tendinitis and stress fractures. Previous research has shown that the transmission of ground reaction force through the lower extremity leads to these over-use injuries; however, it is not solely the magnitude of vertical ground reaction forces, but also the rate at which these forces are applied that may lead to lower extremity injury. Many recreational runners will use over-the-counter insoles as a method of treating an injury or as a …

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Effects Of Hypovolemia On Cerebral Blood Velocity And Autoregulation During Upright Tilt: Implications For Post-Spaceflight Orthostasis, Steven A. Romero, Eren R. Sanborn, Gilbert Moralez, William H. Cooke Feb 2009

Effects Of Hypovolemia On Cerebral Blood Velocity And Autoregulation During Upright Tilt: Implications For Post-Spaceflight Orthostasis, Steven A. Romero, Eren R. Sanborn, Gilbert Moralez, William H. Cooke

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Orthostatic stability depends on maintenance of adequate cerebral blood flow. Orthostatic instability experienced by returning astronauts is associated with microgravity-induced hypovolemia, suggesting that hypovolemia may disrupt the ability of the cerebral vasculature to regulate blood flow. PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that hypovolemia reduces cerebral blood velocity and impairs cerebral autoregulation (CA) during upright tilt. METHODS: Nine males (age 23 ± .5 yrs; height 172 ± 2 cm; weight 87 ± 3 kg; mean ± SE) were tilted head-up to 70° on two occasions separated by at least 5 days under euhydration (EUH) and dehydration (DEH) conditions. Dehydration was induced …

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Pedometer Accuracy In Lower Limb Amputees: A Pilot Study, Gary Guerra, John D. Smith, Patricia Holmes, Ed Khu, Imelda Pena Feb 2009

Pedometer Accuracy In Lower Limb Amputees: A Pilot Study, Gary Guerra, John D. Smith, Patricia Holmes, Ed Khu, Imelda Pena

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

To date there have been no studies examining the accuracy of the pedometer on lower limb amputees. PURPOSE: To measure the accuracy of pedometers in lower limb amputees. METHODS: Four participants (Table 1) had their height and weights measured and were then fitted with a Velcro Walk4Life™ pedometer belt (Walk4Life Inc, Plainfield, IL) around the waistline at the hip. They were then fitted with two pedometers: a SW-701 Digiwalker™ (NEW-LIFESTYLES, Inc., Lee's Summit, MO) spring-levered pedometer on the anterior mid-line of the right hip and a New-Lifestyles® NL-800 (NEW-LIFESTYLES, Inc., Lee's Summit, MO) piezoelectric pedometer just laterally to the SW-701. …

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Accuracy Of The Omron Hbf-500 Body Composition Monitor, Michael I. Pribyl, Rodrigo Perez, John D. Smith, Christopher M. Hearon, G Richard Grimes Feb 2009

Accuracy Of The Omron Hbf-500 Body Composition Monitor, Michael I. Pribyl, Rodrigo Perez, John D. Smith, Christopher M. Hearon, G Richard Grimes

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The Omron HBF-500 is a relatively new and inexpensive body composition monitor that incorporates both hand-to-hand and foot-to-foot electrical impedance technology. At this time, the authors are not aware of any studies examining the accuracy of this monitor. PURPOSE: To assess the accuracy of the Omron HBF-500 body composition monitor using the BOD POD as a criterion. METHODS: Sixteen men and 23 women signed an informed consent and participated in the study (22.7±3.7 years, 168.8±9.1 cm, 73.8±17.8 kg, 25.7±5.6 kg.m-2). Participants were asked to refrain from exercise and caffeine on the day of testing, and were asked not eat a …

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Influence Of Caloric Expenditure On Postprandial Triglyceride And Glucose Responses Following A High-Carbohydrate Meal, James Rowe, Heidi Bistrup, Kelley Henry, Melinda Villarreal, Kyle D. Biggerstaff, Vic Ben-Ezra Feb 2009

Influence Of Caloric Expenditure On Postprandial Triglyceride And Glucose Responses Following A High-Carbohydrate Meal, James Rowe, Heidi Bistrup, Kelley Henry, Melinda Villarreal, Kyle D. Biggerstaff, Vic Ben-Ezra

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Purpose: To examine the effects of aerobic exercise expending 350 and 700 kcal of energy on postprandial triglyceride (Tg) and glucose responses following a high carbohydrate (CHO) meal. Methods: Non-active individuals (n=9 women/4 men; age=22.8±3.7 yrs; Ht=169±10.4 cm; Wt=75.7± 22.4 kg; BMI=26.1±5.8 kg/m2; VO2 max=34.1±6.9 ml/kg/min) completed three trials in a random order: 1) control trial, 2) single exercise session expending 350 kcal (EX350), and 3) single exercise session expending 700 kcal (EX700). Exercise consisted of treadmill walking at 60% VO2 max until 350 and 700 kcal of energy had been expended. The control session consisted of seated rest. The …

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Responses Of Lipids And Lipoproteins Following Acute And Training Resistance Exercise In Obese Postmenopausal Women, Ronique N. Pleasant, Melinda Villarreal, Joshua S. Wooten, Robert M. Hein, Robert D. Menzies, Melody D. Phillips Feb 2009

Responses Of Lipids And Lipoproteins Following Acute And Training Resistance Exercise In Obese Postmenopausal Women, Ronique N. Pleasant, Melinda Villarreal, Joshua S. Wooten, Robert M. Hein, Robert D. Menzies, Melody D. Phillips

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

A single aerobic session and aerobic training can favorably modify lipids and lipoproteins in postmenopausal women, but the effects of a single resistance exercise session (RE) and resistance training (RT) remain equivocal. PURPOSE: To determine the acute effects of RE and chronic effects of 12 weeks of RT on lipid and lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations in obese, postmenopausal women. METHODS: Sedentary, obese, non-smoking, postmenopausal women, not taking HRT, were divided into either an exercise group (E, n = 10; age = 65.7 ± 1.8 y; BMI = 32.6 ± 3.5 kg/m2) or control group (C, n = 11; …

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A Meta-Analysis Of Biomarkers Associated With The Overtraining Syndrome, Alissa Donaldson, Frank B. Wyatt, Elise Brown, Tyler Fagan Feb 2009

A Meta-Analysis Of Biomarkers Associated With The Overtraining Syndrome, Alissa Donaldson, Frank B. Wyatt, Elise Brown, Tyler Fagan

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Overtraining (OT) syndrome has been investigated extensively with little agreement as to reliable markers for detection. A meta-analytic review is a procedure designed to compile studies in an area with hopes of reaching a consensus view. PURPOSE: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to provide summary quantitative findings of biomarkers (i.e., blood) associated with the overtraining syndrome. METHODS: A meta-analytic research design was utilized to investigate selected studies allowing for a coding process to record data. Thirteen studies met inclusion/exclusion criteria. Biomarkers included samples taken with subjects in normal (N) condition and during OT. These biomarkers were the following: glutamine …

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Influence Of Menopausal Status On Lipids And Lipoproteins And Fat Mass Distribution: The Pioneer Project, Melinda Villarreal Ms., Ronique Pleasant, Nancy M. Dimarco, Barney C. Sanborn, Joshua S. Wooten Feb 2009

Influence Of Menopausal Status On Lipids And Lipoproteins And Fat Mass Distribution: The Pioneer Project, Melinda Villarreal Ms., Ronique Pleasant, Nancy M. Dimarco, Barney C. Sanborn, Joshua S. Wooten

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Following menopause, fat redistribution and increased risk for dyslipidemia are common. The influence of menopause; however, on the associations between total and regional fat mass with lipids and lipoproteins remains unclear. PURPOSE: The purpose of this investigation was to determine the influence of menopausal status on associations between total and regional fat mass and lipids and lipoproteins. METHODS: Sedentary, non-smoking women (n=209) were grouped based on current menstrual status: premenopausal (n=143, mean±SD; age=42.7±7.7 yr, BMI=24.5±4.0 kg•m -2, WC=77.4±9.9 cm) or postmenopausal (n=66, mean±SD; age=52.9±5.3 yr, BMI= 24.9±4.2 kg•m -2, WC=78.8±9.9 cm). Fasting (12 hr) serum samples …

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Psychological Markers Of The Overtraining Syndrome, Elise Brown, Frank B. Wyatt, Alissa Donaldson Feb 2009

Psychological Markers Of The Overtraining Syndrome, Elise Brown, Frank B. Wyatt, Alissa Donaldson

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The overtraining (OT) syndrome is characterized by performance plateaus and decrements and is manifested through various physiological and psychological variables. A qualitative review will summarize specific factors associated with OT to better understand this syndrome. PURPOSE: The purpose of this review is to summarize psychological aspects associated with the OT syndrome. METHODS: This study reviewed 13 articles that qualified for the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The variables measured include tension, anger, fatigue, confusion, depression, vigor, sleep, stress, and self-perceptions of physical status. Participants were measured during a normal (N) phase, midway phase (MW), and OT phase. In the review, selected variables (i.e., …

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The Specificity Of The Search Template, Mary J. Bravo, Hany Farid Jan 2009

The Specificity Of The Search Template, Mary J. Bravo, Hany Farid

Dartmouth Scholarship

When searching for a target object, observers use an internal representation of the target's appearance as a search template. This study used naturalistic stimuli to examine the specificity of this template. Observers first learned several name-image pairs; they then participated in a search experiment in which the names served as cues and the images served as targets. To test whether the observers searched for the targets using an exact image template, we included targets that were transformations of the studied image and targets that belonged to the same subordinate-level category as the studied image. The same stimuli were also used …

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Validation Of The Actiheart Monitor For The Measurement Of Physical Activity, Tiago V. Barreira†, Minsoo Kang‡, Jennifer L. Caputo‡, Richard S. Farley‡, Matthew S. Renfrow† Jan 2009

Validation Of The Actiheart Monitor For The Measurement Of Physical Activity, Tiago V. Barreira†, Minsoo Kang‡, Jennifer L. Caputo‡, Richard S. Farley‡, Matthew S. Renfrow†

International Journal of Exercise Science

The Actiheart monitor uniquely allows simultaneous measurement of heart rate and movement counts. The purpose of this study was to establish validity evidence for the Actiheart monitor under laboratory and free-living conditions. A total of 34 college students (17 males and 17 females, age = 21.8 ± 3.6 years) participated in the study. In the laboratory environment, the participants completed three, 5 min bouts of treadmill walking and/or running at speeds of 3.2, 6.4, and 9.6 km/h. Outside the laboratory, participants were asked to perform free-living physical activity for 30 min. For validation, energy expenditure, movement counts, and heart rate …

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Modeling Oxygen Uptake During V1 Treadmill Roller Skiing, Robert S. Bowen†, Randall L. Jensen‡, Jennifer M. Ryan†, Phillip B. Watts‡ Jan 2009

Modeling Oxygen Uptake During V1 Treadmill Roller Skiing, Robert S. Bowen†, Randall L. Jensen‡, Jennifer M. Ryan†, Phillip B. Watts‡

International Journal of Exercise Science

The use of regression equations to predict oxygen uptake in relation to speed, grade, power output, and anthropometric characteristics is common in cardiac rehabilitation and athlete fitness testing. Research has suggested that sport specific testing improves the reliability of the test methodology and is appropriate for the development of effective training programs. This study focused on the development of a cross-country skiing specific predictor of maximal oxygen uptake based on treadmill speed, treadmill grade, gender, and body mass. This project simulated snow skiing on a large research treadmill using roller skis. A small sample size (N = 34) warranted the …

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Exercise Bouts At Three Different Intensities Fail To Potentiate Concentric Power, Chad A. Cabrera†, Jacobo Morales‡, Felicia Greer‡, Robert W. Pettitt‡ Jan 2009

Exercise Bouts At Three Different Intensities Fail To Potentiate Concentric Power, Chad A. Cabrera†, Jacobo Morales‡, Felicia Greer‡, Robert W. Pettitt‡

International Journal of Exercise Science

Postactivation potentiation (PAP) has been hypothesized previously to occur during voluntary, concentric actions. We tested the hypothesis that one of at least three different intensities of conditioning exercises would evoke potentiation of power during the concentric, bench press throw (BPT). Twelve men (age = 22.9 &#; 2.7 years, bench press 1 repetition maximum (1RM) = 1.20 ± 0.12 kg•kg-1 body weight) completed five isotonic conditioning presses at ~55, 70, and 86% 1RM, in counterbalanced order, and on separate days. Average and peak power of the BPT using a load of 55% 1RM along with surface electromyography (EMG) of the triceps …

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Influence Of Body Composition, Oral Contraceptive Use, And Physical Activity On Bone Mineral Density In Premenopausal Women, Vanessa D. Sherk†, Clint D. Howard†, Michael G. Bemben‡, Debra A. Bemben‡ Jan 2009

Influence Of Body Composition, Oral Contraceptive Use, And Physical Activity On Bone Mineral Density In Premenopausal Women, Vanessa D. Sherk†, Clint D. Howard†, Michael G. Bemben‡, Debra A. Bemben‡

International Journal of Exercise Science

In premenopausal women, low bone density may reflect attainment of a lower peak bone mass which can increase risk of osteoporosis after menopause. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between total body, lumbar spine, and proximal femur bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition and oral contraceptive (OC) use in 18-30 year old women. Sixty-five healthy women, split into groups of oral contraceptive users (OC, n = 36) and non oral contraceptive users (Non-OC, n = 29), completed Baecke physical activity, calcium intake, and menstrual history questionnaires. Total body, AP lumbar spine, and dual proximal femur …

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Comparison Of Body Composition Measurements Using A New Caliper, Two Established Calipers, Hydrostatic Weighing, And Bodpod, Erin E. Talbert*, Michael G. Flynn‡, Jeffrey W. Bell†, Andres E. Carrillo†, Marquita D. Dill†, Christiania N. Christensen*, Colleen M. Thompson† Jan 2009

Comparison Of Body Composition Measurements Using A New Caliper, Two Established Calipers, Hydrostatic Weighing, And Bodpod, Erin E. Talbert*, Michael G. Flynn‡, Jeffrey W. Bell†, Andres E. Carrillo†, Marquita D. Dill†, Christiania N. Christensen*, Colleen M. Thompson†

International Journal of Exercise Science

Purposes: (1) To compare the Lafayette Instruments (LI) skinfold caliper to the Lange (L) and Harpenden (H) calipers using a diverse subject population. (2) To determine the validity of the LI caliper in a subset of subjects by comparing body compositions from skinfold thicknesses to those measured by hydrostatic weighing (HW) and air displacement plethysmography (ADP). (3) To compare measurements obtained by experienced (EX) and inexperienced (IX) technicians using all three calipers. Methods: Skinfold measurements were performed by both EX and IX technicians using three different calipers on 21 younger (21.2 ± 1.5 yrs) and 20 older (59.2 ± 4 …

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Timing Carbohydrate Beverage Intake During Prolonged Moderate Intensity Exercise Does Not Affect Cycling Performance, George G. Schweitzer†, John D. Smith‡, James D. Lecheminant‡ Jan 2009

Timing Carbohydrate Beverage Intake During Prolonged Moderate Intensity Exercise Does Not Affect Cycling Performance, George G. Schweitzer†, John D. Smith‡, James D. Lecheminant‡

International Journal of Exercise Science

Carbohydrate beverages consumed during long-term exercise have been shown to attenuate fatigue and improve performance; however, the optimal timing of ingestion is unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if timing the carbohydrate ingestion (front-loading (FL), continual loading (CL), and end-loading (EL)) during prolonged exercise influenced exercise performance in competitive cyclists. Ten well-trained cyclists completed three separate exercise bouts on a bicycle ergometer, each lasting 2 hours at an intensity of ~67% VO2 max, followed by a 15-minute “all out” time trial. In the FL trial, participants ingested a carbohydrate beverage during the first hour and …

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From The Editors: Assessing The International Journal Of Exercise Science After One Year, T. Scott Lyons, James W. Navalta Jan 2009

From The Editors: Assessing The International Journal Of Exercise Science After One Year, T. Scott Lyons, James W. Navalta

International Journal of Exercise Science

Western Kentucky University (WKU) strives to be a “leading American university with international reach.” In an effort to contribute to that mission, Drs. Scott Lyons and James Navalta of the Exercise Science program endeavored in 2007 to start a student-focused, on-line journal. Working closely with Berkeley Press, the platform for the International Journal of Exercise Science (IJES) was established during the summer of 2007 and it went “live” in January 2008. The journal has now been on-line for over one year and has enjoyed great success, with quality research submitted from graduate and undergraduate students, as well as professionals. We …

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Adaptation Of The Bacterial Membrane To Changing Environments Using Aminoacylated Phospholipids, Hervé Roy, Kiley Dare, Michael Ibba Jan 2009

Adaptation Of The Bacterial Membrane To Changing Environments Using Aminoacylated Phospholipids, Hervé Roy, Kiley Dare, Michael Ibba

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Fine‐tuning of the biophysical properties of biological membranes is essential for adaptation of cells to changing environments. For instance, to lower the negative charge of the lipid bilayer, certain bacteria add lysine to phosphatidylglycerol (PG) converting the net negative charge of PG (−1) to a net positive charge in Lys‐PG (+1). Reducing the net negative charge of the bacterial cell wall is a common strategy used by bacteria to resist cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) secreted by other microbes or produced by the innate immune system of a host organism. The article by Klein et al. in the current issue of …

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Resolving The Lateral Component Of Blood Flow Velocity Based On Ultrasound Speckle Size Change With Scan Direction And Speed, Tiantian Xu, Greg R. Bashford Jan 2009

Resolving The Lateral Component Of Blood Flow Velocity Based On Ultrasound Speckle Size Change With Scan Direction And Speed, Tiantian Xu, Greg R. Bashford

Biomedical Imaging and Biosignal Analysis Laboratory

Conventional blood flow velocity measurement using ultrasound is capable of resolving the axial component (i.e., that aligned with the ultrasound propagation direction) of the blood flow velocity vector. However, these Doppler-based methods are incapable of detecting blood flow in the direction normal to the ultrasound beam. In addition, these methods require repeated pulse-echo interrogation at the same spatial location. In this paper, we introduce a method which estimates the lateral component of blood flow within a single image frame using the observation that the speckle pattern corresponding to the blood reflectors (typically red blood cells) stretches (i.e., is “smeared”) if …

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Further Progress On Lateral Flow Estimation Using Speckle Size Variation With Scan Direction, Tiantian Xu, Gregory R. Bashford Jan 2009

Further Progress On Lateral Flow Estimation Using Speckle Size Variation With Scan Direction, Tiantian Xu, Gregory R. Bashford

Biomedical Imaging and Biosignal Analysis Laboratory

Conventional blood flow velocity measurement using ultrasound is capable of resolving the axial component (i.e., that aligned with the ultrasound propagation direction) of the blood flow velocity vector. However, these Doppler-based methods are incapable of detecting blood flow in the direction normal to the ultrasound beam. In addition, these methods require repeated pulse-echo interrogation at the same spatial location. In this paper, we report additional data on a new method recently introduced. This method estimates the lateral component of blood flow within a single image frame using the observation that the speckle pattern corresponding to the blood reflectors (typically red …

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Single Molecule Diffusion Coefficient Estimation By Image Analysis Of Simulated Ccd Images To Aid High-Throughput Screening, Pengfei Song, Lloyd M. Davis, Greg Bashford Jan 2009

Single Molecule Diffusion Coefficient Estimation By Image Analysis Of Simulated Ccd Images To Aid High-Throughput Screening, Pengfei Song, Lloyd M. Davis, Greg Bashford

Biomedical Imaging and Biosignal Analysis Laboratory

Extension of one-dimensional signal analysis to two-dimensional image analysis could accelerate conventional methods of high-throughput screening in the discovery of new pharmaceutical agents. This work describes a first step taken towards this goal – the evaluation of image-analysis based estimation strategies of the diffusion coefficient of a single molecule transported within a microfabricated flowcell. A computer simulation of single-molecule imaging by a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera is used to determine if it is possible to distinguish three different types of molecules with different diffusion coefficients. The Gaussian fitting algorithm finds the variance of the transverse trajectory, which increases linearly with …

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Optimal Thresholds Of Feature Tracking For Blood Velocity And Tissue Motion Estimation, Tiantian Xu, Gregory R. Bashford Jan 2009

Optimal Thresholds Of Feature Tracking For Blood Velocity And Tissue Motion Estimation, Tiantian Xu, Gregory R. Bashford

Biomedical Imaging and Biosignal Analysis Laboratory

Feature tracking is an algorithm for estimating blood flow velocity and tissue motion using pulse-echo ultrasound. In contrast to cross-correlation speckle-tracking techniques, feature tracking identifies features at discrete locations and corresponds them from frame to frame. Prior studies have demonstrated that feature-tracking estimates exhibit lower variance than those obtained by the conventional autocorrelation method and require less computational complexity than either speckle tracking or autocorrelation. To date, not much attention has been paid to the process by which trackable features (normally local maxima) are selected from the set of all available features. In the selection process, it is desired to …

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Characterization Of 24 Microsatellite Loci In Delta Smelt, Hypomesus Transpacificus, And Their Cross-Species Amplification In Two Other Smelt Species Of The Osmeridae Family, Kathleen M. Fisch, Jessica Lynn Petersen, Melinda R. Baerwald, John K. Pedroia, Bernie May Jan 2009

Characterization Of 24 Microsatellite Loci In Delta Smelt, Hypomesus Transpacificus, And Their Cross-Species Amplification In Two Other Smelt Species Of The Osmeridae Family, Kathleen M. Fisch, Jessica Lynn Petersen, Melinda R. Baerwald, John K. Pedroia, Bernie May

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

We characterized 24 polymorphic tetranucleotide microsatellite loci for delta smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus) endemic to the San Francisco Bay Estuary, California, USA. Screening of samples (n = 30) yielded two to 26 alleles per locus with observed levels of heterozygosity ranging from 0.17 to 1.0. Only one locus deviated from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, suggesting these individuals originate from a single panmictic population. Linkage disequilibrium was found in two pairs of loci after excluding the locus out of Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. Twenty-two primer pairs cross-amplified in wakasagi smelt (Hypomesus nipponensis), and 15 primer pairs cross-amplified in longfin smelt ( …

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The Increase In Renal Sodium Excretion In Response To Angiotensin Ii Infusion In Exercised Female Rats Is Dependent On A Rise In Renal Perfusion Pressure, Karmon Janssen Jan 2009

The Increase In Renal Sodium Excretion In Response To Angiotensin Ii Infusion In Exercised Female Rats Is Dependent On A Rise In Renal Perfusion Pressure, Karmon Janssen

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Prior studies in this lab have shown that chronically exercised female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats excrete a greater amount of sodium in response to angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion than do sedentary rats. The current study determined if the difference in renal sodium excretion persisted when the renal perfusion pressure (RPP) was held constant. Female SHR and female WKY rats were separated into sedentary and exercised groups at 4 weeks of age. The exercise group voluntarily exercised for at least eight weeks using an exercise wheel and time/distance monitor. At 13 weeks of age or older, …

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The Effect Of A Commercially Available Caffeine Based Dietary Supplement On 40-Kilometer Time Trial Performance, Lee A. Weidauer Jan 2009

The Effect Of A Commercially Available Caffeine Based Dietary Supplement On 40-Kilometer Time Trial Performance, Lee A. Weidauer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: To determine wheather ot not the nutritional supplement PreRace containing L-Taurine, Citrulline Malate, Quercetin, DiMethyl Amino Ethanol, Caffeine, Metabromine, Catechin, and Malic acid will improve performance in an indoor 40 Kilometer cycling time trial.
Methods: Seven male cyclists ages 21-58 participated in a placebo-controlled investigation which consisted of two trials in which they consumed either the supplement PreRace or aloe vera juice. In each of the trials the placebo or supplement was mixed with a sports beverage. Subjects performed a 40 kilometer time trial and measurements of oxygen consumption and lactate were taken every 15 minutes as well as …

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Mice Deficient In The Serine/Threonine Protein Kinase Vrk1 Are Infertile Due To A Progressive Loss Of Spermatogonia, Matthew S. Wiebe, R. Jeremy Nichols, Tyler P. Molitor, Jill K. Lindgren, Paula Traktman Jan 2009

Mice Deficient In The Serine/Threonine Protein Kinase Vrk1 Are Infertile Due To A Progressive Loss Of Spermatogonia, Matthew S. Wiebe, R. Jeremy Nichols, Tyler P. Molitor, Jill K. Lindgren, Paula Traktman

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

The VRK1 protein kinase has been implicated as a proproliferative factor. Genetic analyses of mutant alleles of the Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans VRK1 homologs have revealed phenotypes ranging from embryonic lethality to mitotic and meiotic defects with resultant sterility. Herein, we describe the first genetic analysis of murine VRK1. Two lines of mice containing distinct gene-trap integrations into the Vrk1 locus were established. Insertion into intron 12 (GT12) spared VRK1 function, enabling the examination of VRK1 expression in situ. Insertion into intron 3 (GT3) disrupted VRK1 function, but incomplete splicing to the gene trap rendered this allele hypomorphic (~15% of …

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Numerical Modeling Of Hemodynamics In The Thoracic Aorta And Alterations By Dacron Patch Treatment Of Aortic Coarctation, Ronak Jashwant Dholakia Jan 2009

Numerical Modeling Of Hemodynamics In The Thoracic Aorta And Alterations By Dacron Patch Treatment Of Aortic Coarctation, Ronak Jashwant Dholakia

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) is a major congenital heart disease, characterized by a severe stenosis of the proximal descending thoracic aorta. Traditionally, surgery has been the treatment of choice for CoA. Dacron patch aortoplasty gained increased popularity after its introduction in the mid-twentieth century due to its advantages over other surgical treatment methods available at the time. A major complication with Dacron patch aortoplasty has been the formation of late aneurysm with as much as 51% incidence reported in follow up studies. The change in aortic morphology and formation of aneurysms after Dacron patch surgery could lead to local …

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