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Articles 481 - 510 of 2299

Full-Text Articles in Physiology

Effects Of Low Dose Caffeine On Post-Exercise Heart Rate Variability: A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial, Cagney T. Sargent, Tareq K. Shahbal, Andres E. Carrillo, Tania Amorim, Jason R. Edsall, Emily J. Ryan, Edward J. Ryan Dec 2021

Effects Of Low Dose Caffeine On Post-Exercise Heart Rate Variability: A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial, Cagney T. Sargent, Tareq K. Shahbal, Andres E. Carrillo, Tania Amorim, Jason R. Edsall, Emily J. Ryan, Edward J. Ryan

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(2): 103-112, 2022. Caffeine may impact post-exercise heart rate variability (HRV); although, studies have yielded inconsistent findings. We examined the effects of low dose caffeine on post-exercise HRV. Healthy, college-aged adults [n = 18; age: 22.1 ± 2.6 years; BMI: 26.9 ± 4.3 kg/m2; estimated maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max): 45.1 ± 8.3 ml∙kg-1∙min-1] participated in a repeated-measures, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. During the experimental trials, participants were fitted with a heart rate monitor and a mouthpiece with a one-way nonrebreathing valve and then rested for 10 min …

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Forces At The Feet, Gait Timing, And Trunk Flexion/Extension Excursion While Walking With A Gear Belt Or Gear Vest Load, Shane S. Maher, Laura L. Dill, Jennifer L. Hein, Jeff A. Nessler, Deanna J. Schmidt Dec 2021

Forces At The Feet, Gait Timing, And Trunk Flexion/Extension Excursion While Walking With A Gear Belt Or Gear Vest Load, Shane S. Maher, Laura L. Dill, Jennifer L. Hein, Jeff A. Nessler, Deanna J. Schmidt

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(1): 36-44, 2022. Law enforcement personnel often carry gear loads, which have a history of causing low back pain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in gait and trunk posture for gear load carried on a gear belt and a gear vest. Twenty-nine participants performed load carriage in three conditions: a no load control trial (C), a symmetrically loaded gear belt (GB), and an anterior-loaded gear vest (ALV). Gear conditions had 9.07 kg of additional mass. Motion capture and insole force sensors were used to collect data while participants walked on …

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Alterations In Glycemic Variability, Vascular Health, And Oxidative Stress Following A 12-Week Aerobic Exercise Intervention-A Pilot Study, Joshua R. Sparks, Mark A. Sarzynski, J. Mark Davis, Peter W. Grandjean, Xuewen Wang Dec 2021

Alterations In Glycemic Variability, Vascular Health, And Oxidative Stress Following A 12-Week Aerobic Exercise Intervention-A Pilot Study, Joshua R. Sparks, Mark A. Sarzynski, J. Mark Davis, Peter W. Grandjean, Xuewen Wang

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(3): 1334-1353, 2021. The state of being overweight or obese leads to an increased risk of development of cardiometabolic disease. Increases in glycemic variability have been associated with greater induction of oxidative stress and declined vascular health, which may be exacerbated by higher weight status and improved through exercise. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a twelve-week aerobic exercise intervention on continuous glucose monitor (CGM) assessed glucose concentrations and glycemic variability, and biomarkers of vascular health and oxidative stress in overweight or obese adults. Eight adults (Age = 48.9 ± …

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Acute Changes In Arterial Function Post High-Intensity Lower Extremity Cycling, Alyssa Weatherholt, William R. Vanwye, Jeffery L. Short, Alyssa A. Andreis, Guoyuan Huang Dec 2021

Acute Changes In Arterial Function Post High-Intensity Lower Extremity Cycling, Alyssa Weatherholt, William R. Vanwye, Jeffery L. Short, Alyssa A. Andreis, Guoyuan Huang

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(2): 1363-1374, 2021. The purpose of this study was to assess the acute arterial blood flow velocity of the lower extremity (LE) immediately after a bout of high-intensity LE cycling exercise. Twenty-eight healthy males (n = 14) and females (n = 14) aged 20.9 ± 1.7 years participated in this study. All subjects performed a single bout of high-intensity cycling (70% of HRR) for 45 min. The subjects' LE blood flow velocity, heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and oxygen saturation (SpO2) were measured at rest, immediately post-, post-15 min., …

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Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Does Not Improve The Six Minutes Walk Test Performance In Chronic Heart Failure Patients: A Randomised Pilot Trial, Sarah-Maude Martin, Francois Lalonde, Elise Legault, Paula Ribeiro, Alain Steve Comtois, François Tournoux Dec 2021

Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Does Not Improve The Six Minutes Walk Test Performance In Chronic Heart Failure Patients: A Randomised Pilot Trial, Sarah-Maude Martin, Francois Lalonde, Elise Legault, Paula Ribeiro, Alain Steve Comtois, François Tournoux

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(2): 1354-1362, 2021. Cycles of ischemia and reperfusion induced with a pressure cuff on a skeletal muscle, also know as remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC), appears to improve performance in different time-trial events in healthy individuals. Our primary goal was to assess the effect of RIPC in heart failure (HF) patients’ functional capacity using the six-minute walk test (6MWT). A randomized crossover design comparing RIPC (4 x five-minutes of upper arm ischemia) to the SHAM procedure was done in 15 patients prior to a 6MWT. The primary outcome measure was the total distance walked in a …

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Physiological, Musculoskeletal & Anthropometric Characteristics & Performance Between Competitive & Recreational Surfers: A Scoping Review, Harrison Stone, Lucy Douglas, James Furness, Kevin Kemp-Smith, Mike Climstein, Sean Newcomer Nov 2021

Physiological, Musculoskeletal & Anthropometric Characteristics & Performance Between Competitive & Recreational Surfers: A Scoping Review, Harrison Stone, Lucy Douglas, James Furness, Kevin Kemp-Smith, Mike Climstein, Sean Newcomer

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(6): 1277-1293, 2021. Surfing is the ability to ride a surfboard along the unbroken section, wall or face of a wave, as it moves closer towards the shore. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the physiological, musculoskeletal and anthropometric characteristics that can differentiate between paddling and wave riding performance in competitive and recreational surfing populations. The eligibility criteria for this scoping review included articles that distinguished between multiple surfing ability groups, identified physiological, musculoskeletal or anthropometric characteristics, were peer reviewed, and directly related to the sport of surfing. The databases …

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Impact Of Social Support On The Physical Activity Behaviors Of International College Students In The United States, Mohammed A. Alshehri, Aaron Kruse-Diehr, Justin Tyler Mcdaniel, Julie Partridge, Dawn Christina Null Nov 2021

Impact Of Social Support On The Physical Activity Behaviors Of International College Students In The United States, Mohammed A. Alshehri, Aaron Kruse-Diehr, Justin Tyler Mcdaniel, Julie Partridge, Dawn Christina Null

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(5): 1305-1319, 2021. Research has suggested that international students’ transition to the United States is often correlated with less physical activity after arriving in the U.S). One reason might be related to reduced social support when living in a foreign environment. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess the impact of social support on international college students’ physical activity behaviors. Participants (N = 318) from five public universities in one Midwest state completed an electronic survey assessing self-reported physical activity behaviors and perceived social support for exercise (SSE). Data analyses included multiple …

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Tactical Circuit Training Improves Blood Pressure And Vascular Health More Than Resistance Training, Kelly C. Mclaughlin, Avery N. Perez, Stephanie Donahue, Deborah L. Feairheller Nov 2021

Tactical Circuit Training Improves Blood Pressure And Vascular Health More Than Resistance Training, Kelly C. Mclaughlin, Avery N. Perez, Stephanie Donahue, Deborah L. Feairheller

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(3): 1320-1333, 2021. Exercise training is known to reduce CVD risk factors; however, in tactical populations, like veterans and firefighters, the effects of different forms of exercise such as tactical circuit training (CT) or conventional resistance training (RT) is unclear. Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare changes in various CVD risk measures after 4-week tactical CT or RT programs. Thirty-seven firefighters (20 CT, 17 RT), 35% of whom were veterans, participated. Pre- and post-intervention measures included body fat (BF%), carotid artery intima media thickness (IMT), central and brachial BP, and indices of …

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Exercise Variability Did Not Affect Muscle Thickness And Peak Force For Elbow Flexors After A Resistance Training Session In Recreationally-Trained Subjects, Ethan Smith, Andre Sepulveda, Vincent G.F. Martinez, Ashley Samaniego, Priscyla N. Marchetti, Paulo H. Marchetti Nov 2021

Exercise Variability Did Not Affect Muscle Thickness And Peak Force For Elbow Flexors After A Resistance Training Session In Recreationally-Trained Subjects, Ethan Smith, Andre Sepulveda, Vincent G.F. Martinez, Ashley Samaniego, Priscyla N. Marchetti, Paulo H. Marchetti

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(3): 1294-1304, 2021. The purpose of this study is to measure the acute effects of exercise variability on muscle thickness and physical performance after two resistance training (RT) protocols using the same or different exercises in recreationally-trained subjects. Fifteen resistance-trained men (23.1 ± 2.6 years, 83.4 ± 16.6 kg, 173.5 ± 8.3cm) performed one of two RT protocols: SINGLE: six sets of 10RM/two-minutes rest of the unilateral biceps curl exercise using cables or MIX: six sets of 10RM/two-minutes rest for the unilateral biceps curl exercises (cable: three sets and dumbbells: three sets, randomly). Muscle thickness …

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Isometric Exercise Training: A Review Of Hypothesized Mechanisms And Protocol Application In Persons With Hypertension, Jacquelyn Rickson, Stephen A. Maris, Samuel A.E. Headley Nov 2021

Isometric Exercise Training: A Review Of Hypothesized Mechanisms And Protocol Application In Persons With Hypertension, Jacquelyn Rickson, Stephen A. Maris, Samuel A.E. Headley

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(2): 1261-1276, 2021. According to the American Heart Association 116.4 million, or 46% of US adults are estimated to have hypertension. Although, traditional moderate intensity aerobic exercise training is associated with reducing blood pressure by 5-8 mmHg, barriers to this modality of exercise training exist. Thus, the purpose of this review is to evaluate the mechanisms and incorporation of isometric exercise training (IET) as an adjunctive mode of exercise in a population with HTN. Based upon the articles reviewed from the years 2000-2020 which incorporated IET and provided clear protocols lasting 4 or more weeks, …

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Covid-19 Lockdowns: Exacerbating The Silent Pandemic, David Gomez, Eric V. Neufeld, James W. Hicks, Brett A. Dolezal Nov 2021

Covid-19 Lockdowns: Exacerbating The Silent Pandemic, David Gomez, Eric V. Neufeld, James W. Hicks, Brett A. Dolezal

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(3): 1256-1260, 2021. The global medical community has exalted the vaccine as the champion solution to end the violent toll inflicted by COVID-19. While the role of vaccines cannot be undervalued in wide-scale intervention, presenting them as the sole solution exonerates individuals of the importance of taking ownership over their lifestyle choices. This editorial focuses on the importance of physical activity as a crucial component of COVID-19 prevention programs and a long-term investment against chronic diseases.

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Using Exercise As A Stress Management Technique During The Covid-19 Pandemic: The Differences Between Men And Women In College, Lucas D. Elliott, Oliver W. A. Wilson, Kelsey Holland, Melissa Bopp Oct 2021

Using Exercise As A Stress Management Technique During The Covid-19 Pandemic: The Differences Between Men And Women In College, Lucas D. Elliott, Oliver W. A. Wilson, Kelsey Holland, Melissa Bopp

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(5): 1234-1246, 2021. Psychological stress is a major concern in college students and can lead to negative mental and physical health outcomes. The COVID-19 pandemic has increased psychological stress. Using exercise as a stress management technique has been shown to have a large effect in preventing and treating psychological stress. This study attempts to understand the gender differences between how using exercise as a stress management technique predicts perceived stress levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. Students completed an online survey to self-report their stress management techniques, perceived stress (PSS-10), grade point average (GPA) and demographics …

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Different Barbell Height Positions Affect Maximal Isometric Deadlift Force And Subsequent Squat Jump Performance In Recreationally-Trained Men, Jonathan Montano, Elizabeth Torossian, Vincent G.F. Martinez, Leran Lhanie, Shahan Awakimian, Charles Ricardo Lopes, Priscyla N. Marchetti, Paulo Henrique Marchetti Oct 2021

Different Barbell Height Positions Affect Maximal Isometric Deadlift Force And Subsequent Squat Jump Performance In Recreationally-Trained Men, Jonathan Montano, Elizabeth Torossian, Vincent G.F. Martinez, Leran Lhanie, Shahan Awakimian, Charles Ricardo Lopes, Priscyla N. Marchetti, Paulo Henrique Marchetti

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(4): 1247-1255, 2021. The primary purpose of this study is to examine the effect of two different deadlift barbell height positions on maximal isometric force and subsequent maximal squat jump performance in recreationally-trained men. Fifteen young, healthy, recreationally-trained men (age: 24.7 ± 3.5years, height: 177.1 ± 7.9cm, and total body mass: 81.2 ± 9.8kg) volunteered to participate. All participants performed maximal squat jumps (MSJ) at 90º of knee flexion before (pre-test) and after 4-min (post-test) performing the deadlift exercise using maximal isometric force (MIF) and MIF normalized by body mass (ratioMIF) in two …

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The Effects Aerobic Fitness Has On Heart Rate Responses For A Custody Assistant Recruit Class Performing A Formation Run, Karly Rodas, Matthew Moreno, Ashley Bloodgood, J. Jay Dawes, Joseph Dulla, Robin Marc Orr, Robert G. Lockie Oct 2021

The Effects Aerobic Fitness Has On Heart Rate Responses For A Custody Assistant Recruit Class Performing A Formation Run, Karly Rodas, Matthew Moreno, Ashley Bloodgood, J. Jay Dawes, Joseph Dulla, Robin Marc Orr, Robert G. Lockie

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(4): 1219-1233, 2021. This study measured the heart rate (HR) responses to a formation run (group run completed along a set route) performed by higher fitness (HF), moderate fitness (MF), or lower fitness (LF) custody assistant (CA) recruits. Retrospective data from 26 recruits (12 males, 14 females) were analyzed. Prior to academy training, a YMCA step test was administered. Recruits were divided into three groups based on recovery HR: top 25% were HF; bottom 25% were LF; the rest were MF. Recruit HR was measured during a formation run completed at an ~11-minute mile· pace …

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The Effect Of Rest Interval Length On Upper And Lower Body Exercises In Resistance-Trained Females, Desmond J. Millender, Zachary A. Mang, Jason R. Beam, Rogelio A. Realzola, Leonard Kravitz Oct 2021

The Effect Of Rest Interval Length On Upper And Lower Body Exercises In Resistance-Trained Females, Desmond J. Millender, Zachary A. Mang, Jason R. Beam, Rogelio A. Realzola, Leonard Kravitz

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(7): 1178-1191, 2021. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of SHORT (1 min) and LONG (3 min) rest intervals (RI) on total volume lifted (TVL), repetition performance, fatigue index (FI), and blood lactate [La] during upper body (chest press) and lower body (leg press) exercise with low-intensity (75% of a 10-RM) in trained female lifters. Fourteen females (mean ± SD, age = 22.9 ± 5.4 years, training experience = 5.2 ± 2.5 years, height = 166.1 ± 6.9 cm, weight = 61.3 ± 5.1 kg, body fat % = 21.7 ± …

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Effects Of Isometric Exercises Versus Static Stretching In Warm-Up Regimens For Running Sport Athletes: A Systematic Review, Zachary Ullman, Michael Fernandez, Matthew Klein Oct 2021

Effects Of Isometric Exercises Versus Static Stretching In Warm-Up Regimens For Running Sport Athletes: A Systematic Review, Zachary Ullman, Michael Fernandez, Matthew Klein

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(6): 1204-1218, 2021. The objective of this review was to identify studies that report the pre-exercise effects of isometric exercise versus static stretching on performance and injury rates of running athletes in comparison to their outcomes. Seven electronic databases were searched: Cochrane, PEDro, CINAHL, PubMed, MEDLINE, SportDiscus, and GoogleScholar. Data was collected using an established PICO question, and assembled logic grid. The included articles were required to (1) assess running performance or injury prevention and (2) include isometric exercises/muscle activation and/or static stretching. Articles published prior to the year 2000, non-English, and non-human studies were …

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Youth-To-Senior Transition In Elite European Club Soccer, Thomas Carpels, Nairn Scobie, Niall G. Macfarlane, Ole J. Kemi Oct 2021

Youth-To-Senior Transition In Elite European Club Soccer, Thomas Carpels, Nairn Scobie, Niall G. Macfarlane, Ole J. Kemi

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(6): 1192-1203, 2021. The priority for soccer academies is to develop youth players that graduate and transfer directly to their senior squads. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of this direct youth-to-senior pathway by examining the extent to which club-trained players (CTPs) are currently involved in elite male European soccer. Relevant demographic longitudinal studies between 2009 and 2020 conducted by the International Centre for Sports Studies Football Observatory were analysed. The main findings were that the proportion of CTPs in senior squads has decreased from 23% to 17% over this time …

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Physical Activity During Pregnancy May Mitigate Adverse Outcomes Resulting From Covid-19 And Distancing Regulations: Perspectives Of Prenatal Healthcare Providers In The Southern Region Of The United States, Taniya S. Nagpal, Jill Maples, Cathryn Duchette, Elizabeth A. Altizer, Rachel Tinius Oct 2021

Physical Activity During Pregnancy May Mitigate Adverse Outcomes Resulting From Covid-19 And Distancing Regulations: Perspectives Of Prenatal Healthcare Providers In The Southern Region Of The United States, Taniya S. Nagpal, Jill Maples, Cathryn Duchette, Elizabeth A. Altizer, Rachel Tinius

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(3): 1138-1150, 2021. Prenatal physical activity (PA) may mitigate adverse outcomes that have increased as a result of the coronavirus pandemic, including poor maternal mental health. This study explored the perspectives of prenatal healthcare providers (PHCP) on maternal PA during the pandemic and identified resources providers would like to have to inform clinical discussions and prescription of PA. Semi-structured interviews were completed with PHCPs following a qualitative description approach. A content analysis coded data to inform three study objectives: 1. Changes to maternal health, 2. The role prenatal PA can have during a pandemic, 3. …

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Predictive Accuracy Of The Nelson Equation Via Bodpod Compared To Commonly Used Equations To Estimate Resting Metabolic Rate In Adults, Bryndan Lindsey, Daniel Shookster, Joel Martin, Nelson Cortes Oct 2021

Predictive Accuracy Of The Nelson Equation Via Bodpod Compared To Commonly Used Equations To Estimate Resting Metabolic Rate In Adults, Bryndan Lindsey, Daniel Shookster, Joel Martin, Nelson Cortes

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(2): 1166-1177, 2021. Indirect calorimetry (IC) is considered the gold standard for assessing resting metabolic rate (RMR). However, many people do not have access to IC devices and use prediction equations for RMR estimation. Equations using fat free mass (FFM) as a predictor have been developed to estimate RMR, as a strong relationship exists between FFM and RMR. One such equation is the Nelson equation which is used by the BodPod (BP). Yet, there is limited evidence whether the Nelson equation is superior to other common equations to predict RMR. To examine the agreement between …

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Excess Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption And Substrate Oxidation Following High-Intensity Interval Training: Effects Of Recovery Manipulation, Márcio Sindorf, Moisés Germano, Wellington Dias, Danilo Batista, Tiago Braz, Marlene Moreno, Charles Lopes Oct 2021

Excess Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption And Substrate Oxidation Following High-Intensity Interval Training: Effects Of Recovery Manipulation, Márcio Sindorf, Moisés Germano, Wellington Dias, Danilo Batista, Tiago Braz, Marlene Moreno, Charles Lopes

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(2): 1151-1165, 2021. The recovery manipulation during high-intensity interval training (HIIT) may have the potential to modulate the responses of post-exercise energy metabolism. The purpose of this study was to investigate how the type (i.e., passive and active) and duration (i.e., short and long) of the recovery between the intervals in HIIT affect the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) and oxidation of fats and carbohydrates during the post-exercise recovery. Eight physically active men performed a maximal incremental test, to determine the peak oxygen consumption (O2peak) and the first ventilatory …

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Through Their Eyes: Exploring The Relationship Between College Females’ Body Perceptions And Recreation Center Messaging, Sydney Cindrich, Kimberly Hurley Sep 2021

Through Their Eyes: Exploring The Relationship Between College Females’ Body Perceptions And Recreation Center Messaging, Sydney Cindrich, Kimberly Hurley

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(5): 1112-1122, 2021. The study aimed to investigate the influence that recreation center promotional messaging had on college females’ body perceptions. Female participants 18 to 25 years of age (N = 137, Mage = 20.41) from a mid-sized, Midwestern university completed two separate body perception questionnaires. These questionnaires assessed body appreciation (functionality) and body shame (appearance). Participants were divided into three groups and shown a collage of recreation center messages that were portraying one of three conditions: (a) body functionality, (b) body appearance, or (c) neutral images. Participants then completed post-collage surveys to …

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Depression In Collegiate Runners And Soccer Players: Relationships With Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Ferritin And Fractures, Devin C. Tomlinson, Evan Eschker, Jade Callan, Tamara Hew-Butler Sep 2021

Depression In Collegiate Runners And Soccer Players: Relationships With Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Ferritin And Fractures, Devin C. Tomlinson, Evan Eschker, Jade Callan, Tamara Hew-Butler

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(5): 1099-1111, 2021. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate relationships between depression versus serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (vitamin D), serum ferritin (ferritin), and fractures across a competitive season. The authors conducted a prospective observational study (both pre- and post-season testing) on 51 collegiate soccer and cross-country athletes from a Midwest University. Our main outcome measure was depression, measured using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). A CES-D score ≥ 16 represented the threshold value for clinical depression. Secondary outcome variables included vitamin D, ferritin, and fractures. Two athletes (3.9%; one female) …

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Cycling With Short Crank Lengths Improved Economy In Novices, Boe Burrus, Jessie Armendariz, Brian Moscicki Sep 2021

Cycling With Short Crank Lengths Improved Economy In Novices, Boe Burrus, Jessie Armendariz, Brian Moscicki

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(1): 1123-1137, 2021. Novice endurance athletes utilize slower movements and smaller ranges of motion compared to trained endurance athletes. Novice cyclists have been shown to follow this paradigm via the use of slower cadences but may further benefit by utilizing shorter crank lengths to affect speed of movement and range of motion. The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of shorter than traditional crank lengths on the physiological response and performance of novice cyclists exercising at 60% of VO2peak. A total of 14 male novice cyclists (25.9 ± 6.9 yrs.) …

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Accumulated Oxygen Deficit During Arm Cranking In Hypoxia: A Bayesian Perspective And Methodological Considerations, Tristan Starling-Smith, David Boffey, Michael La Monica, Jeffrey R. Stout, David H. Fukuda Aug 2021

Accumulated Oxygen Deficit During Arm Cranking In Hypoxia: A Bayesian Perspective And Methodological Considerations, Tristan Starling-Smith, David Boffey, Michael La Monica, Jeffrey R. Stout, David H. Fukuda

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(3): 1090-1098, 2021. The purpose of this investigation was to observe the effects of normobaric hypoxia on accumulated oxygen deficit (AOD) with evaluation using both Bayesian and Frequentist analyses. Eighteen recreationally active men performed a graded exercise test (GXT) in normobaric normoxia (N; FiO2~20%) and normobaric hypoxia (H; FiO2~14%) to determine peak power output (PPO). Time to exhaustion trials were later conducted at 110% and 120% PPO under both N, and H. AOD and %AN (% anaerobic energy contribution) were calculated in three conditions: N, H, and H using the N regression equation (HN). Bayesian …

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Relationships Between Absolute And Relative Lower-Body Power And Foot Pursuit Ability In Law Enforcement Recruits, Robert G. Lockie, Robin Marc Orr, Joseph Dulla, J. Jay Dawes Aug 2021

Relationships Between Absolute And Relative Lower-Body Power And Foot Pursuit Ability In Law Enforcement Recruits, Robert G. Lockie, Robin Marc Orr, Joseph Dulla, J. Jay Dawes

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(3): 1078-1089, 2021. An essential job task for law enforcement officers is a foot pursuit. Lower-body power should aid foot pursuit ability; however, there has been minimal investigation of this relationship. This study investigated relationships between absolute and relative lower-body power measured by the vertical jump (VJ) with the 75-yard pursuit run (75PR), which is a change-of-direction (COD) speed test that simulates a foot pursuit in law enforcement recruits. Data from 487 male and 95 female recruits who completed the VJ and 75PR prior to academy training was analyzed. VJ variables included VJ height, relative …

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Reduced Injury Prevalence In Soccer Athletes Following Gps Guided Acclimatization, Montgomery Bertschy, Jeffrey Howard, Sakiko Oyama, Kelly Cheever Aug 2021

Reduced Injury Prevalence In Soccer Athletes Following Gps Guided Acclimatization, Montgomery Bertschy, Jeffrey Howard, Sakiko Oyama, Kelly Cheever

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(7): 1070-1077, 2021. GPS technology has been used to retrospectively correlate injury risk to changes in training load, however the use of GPS technology to plan and monitor training load over an acclimatization period to prevent musculoskeletal injury remains unexplored. This article reports the utility of GPS technology to help develop and monitor incremental increases in training load while transitioning from off-season to in season to reduce musculoskeletal injury. A series of daily minimum standards were established based on observed training loads in year 1 to gradually acclimate soccer athletes over a 5-week period prior …

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Effects Of Different Types Of Lower Body Resistance Exercise On Upper-Body Strength In Men And Women, With Special Reference To Anabolic Hormones, Johan Jakobsson, Apostolos Theos, Christer Malm Aug 2021

Effects Of Different Types Of Lower Body Resistance Exercise On Upper-Body Strength In Men And Women, With Special Reference To Anabolic Hormones, Johan Jakobsson, Apostolos Theos, Christer Malm

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(3): 1052-1069, 2021. Resistance exercise has been shown to induce an acute hormonal response. The purpose of this study was to examine upper-body adaptations and the endocrine response to strength training in men and women when subjected to two different types of lower-body resistance training protocols. Nine males and eight females were assigned to either a Heavy Load (HL) (N = 10) or Mixed Load (ML) (N = 7) training routine three times per week for ten weeks. The HL-group executed low-volume, high-load resistance exercise for both lower and upper-body (4-6 reps at …

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The Effect Of Compression Socks On Maximal Exercise Performance And Recovery In Insufficiently Active Adults, Alexander H.K. Montoye, Alexandra A. Mithen, Haven L. Westra, Summer S. Besteman, Brian C. Rider Aug 2021

The Effect Of Compression Socks On Maximal Exercise Performance And Recovery In Insufficiently Active Adults, Alexander H.K. Montoye, Alexandra A. Mithen, Haven L. Westra, Summer S. Besteman, Brian C. Rider

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(7): 1036-1051, 2021. In athletic populations, compression socks (CS) may improve exercise performance recovery. However, their potential to improve performance and/or recovery following exercise in non-athletic populations is unknown. Our study evaluated the effects of CS on exercise performance and recovery from a graded maximal treadmill test. Insufficiently active adults (n = 10, 60% female, average physical activity ~60 minutes/week) performed two graded maximal exercise tests; one while wearing below-knee CS, and the other trial with regular socks (CON). Order of trials was randomized. For both trials, heart rate, lactate, and rating of perceived …

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Epoc Comparison Between Resistance Training And High-Intensity Interval Training In Aerobically Fit Women, Beau Kjerulf Greer, Julie O'Brien, Lyndsey Hornbuckle, Lynn Panton Aug 2021

Epoc Comparison Between Resistance Training And High-Intensity Interval Training In Aerobically Fit Women, Beau Kjerulf Greer, Julie O'Brien, Lyndsey Hornbuckle, Lynn Panton

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(2): 1027-1035, 2021. Previous research has shown that various modes of exercise may elicit significant increases in resting metabolism for up to 24 hours post-exercise, but typically using untrained or moderately active subjects. The purpose of the present study was to compare excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) between circuit-style resistance training (RT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in young, aerobically fit women. During the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, seven participants reported to the laboratory for evening and morning baseline resting metabolic rate (RMR) measurements via indirect calorimetry. Participants fasted and slept overnight in …

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Reverse Myocardial Remodeling In Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Little Explored Benefit Of Exercise, Jefferson Petto, Edna C. De Oliveira, Raissa Va De Almeida, Alice M. De Oliveira, Danielly Sn Do Amaral, Bráulio Jb De Pinna Jr. Aug 2021

Reverse Myocardial Remodeling In Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Little Explored Benefit Of Exercise, Jefferson Petto, Edna C. De Oliveira, Raissa Va De Almeida, Alice M. De Oliveira, Danielly Sn Do Amaral, Bráulio Jb De Pinna Jr.

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(2): 1018-1026, 2021. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an autosomal dominant disease that causes myocardial remodeling. Physical exercise (PE) is a therapeutic resource used in Supervised Cardiac Rehabilitation (SCR) to improve Quality of Life (QL), reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the aim of this study is to report how SCR using a personalized exercise prescription, promoted Reverse Myocardial Remodeling (RMR), improved functionality and QL of a patient with HCM. This is a case report of a 43-year-old sedentary female patient with a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 24.7 kg/m2. The patient was diagnosed …

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