Physiology Commons^™

Athletic Trainers’ Perceived Readiness To Recognize Mental Health Symptoms In Student Athletes, K M. Sumrall, H Salisbury

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Context: Athletic trainers (AT) may report a lack of confidence in decision-making as they transition to professional practice. There is limited research on how prepared ATs feel managing mental health conditions in athletes. Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the perceived readiness and confidence of master’s AT students, transitioning to professional practice, to recognize mental health symptoms and provide appropriate referral strategies. Design: Quantitative, descriptive study. Setting: Texas master’s AT programs. Patients or Other Participants: Non-probability consecutive sampling method. The target population was 2nd-year master’s AT students in Texas who were eligible to graduate and sit for …

Nonsurgical Management Of Unilateral, Nondisplaced Lateral Malleolus Fracture In 17-Year-Old Outside Linebacker, K Tallman, R Bautista, B Spencer

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Background: Ankle fractures, specifically unilateral fractures, are among the most common injuries encountered by orthopedic surgeons. Ankle fractures have an incidence of 187 out of 100,000 individuals. Current treatment options for ankle fractures are dependent on stability of the ankle mortise, determined through number of fracture sites and ligamentous integrity. The management of the fracture scan either be surgical or nonsurgical, the majority being surgical. In this case report, a 17-year-oldmaleoutside linebacker sustained a left lateral ankle injury during a regular season football game. As he attempted to make a tackle, his left foot got caught in the turf, he …

Effect Of Imagery And Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback Training On Selected Soccer Skills Performance, Sara Majlesi

Student Works (2020-2029)

The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of PETTLEP video imagery (Physical, Environment, Task, Timing, Learning, Emotion and Perspective), heart rate variability biofeedback (HRVB), and concurrent intervention of both on selected soccer skill performances. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of PETTLEP video imagery, HRVB and concurrent intervention on soccer players' reactive motor skill test (RMST), sprint time, reactive agility, passing time, and passing accuracy. Participants of this study were Malaysian high school soccer players (N=64), with mean age of 15.31±1.83, who were assigned randomly into four groups: three experimental groups and one control group. …

Role Of P53 Deficient Clonogenic Endothelial Cells In The Pathogenesis Of Pulmonary Hypertension, Aneel Roy Bhagwani

Theses and Dissertations

Pulmonary Artery Hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disorder of the small vessels of the pulmonary vasculature. It is characterized by occlusive vascular remodeling leading to right heart failure and ultimately death. PAH pathogenesis involves a multifactorial etiology leading to formation of occlusive lesions in small (preacinary) pulmonary arteries. These lesions contain hyper-proliferative, apoptosis resistant endothelial cells (ECs), smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts. ECs play a major role in the development of PAH. These ECs in vascular lesions are primitive and express progenitor cell markers, including CD117 (c-kit).

We have isolated clonally expanded, c-kit+ ECs from the lungs of Green Fluorescent …

A Novel Review Of Heat Shock Protein 110 Kda: A Basis For Research And Continued Experimentation Through Biochemical Analysis, Crist W. Cuffee

Theses and Dissertations

Heat shock protein 110 kDa, Hsp110, is a distinct cellular protector, different in form and function from Hsp70, a close relative of Hsp110. Functioning primarily as a holdase or in tandem with other molecular chaperones, a review of current accomplishments elucidates the uniqueness of this protein and the continued mysteries that surrounds it. Found only in eukaryotes, Hsp110 has been linked to many diseases, ranging from parasitic infection to neurodegenerative disorders. While still lacking, studies of this protein have provided much in the realm of speculation on the mechanisms behind Hsp110s’ contribution to different pathologies. This review will serve as …

Clinical Significance, Functional Role And Molecular Mechanism Of 2’-O-Methyltransferase Ftsj3 In Promoting Cancer Progression, Morenci Manning-Powell

Wayne State University Dissertations

2’-O-methylation (2’-O-Me), one of the most common modifications within RNA, has multiple roles in modulating RNA structure, stability, and interactions, as well as gene transcription and translation. We previously performed integrative genomic and transcriptomic analysis of 58 RNA methyltransferases, and identified FTSJ3 (FtsJ RNA 2ʹ-O-methyltransferase 3) as significantly amplified/overexpressed in breast cancer. Knockdown of FTSJ3 inhibits breast cancer cell growth in vitro. However, the clinical significance, functional role, and molecular mechanism of FTSJ3 in human cancer remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we first analyzed the differential mRNA and protein expression of FTSJ3 between tumor and normal tissues …

Comparison Of The Times To Exhaustion, Physiological, Perceptual, And Neuromusuclar Responses During Constant Heart Rate, Constant Vo2, And Constant Power Exercise, Pasquale Jiovanni Succi

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

The purposes of this study were to: 1) Determine if there are differences in the sustainability of exercise when anchored at critical heart rate (CHR), the VO₂ associated with CHR (VO₂CHR), or the power output associated with CHR (PCHR); 2) examine the patterns of responses in power output, metabolic (heart rate [HR], VO₂, respiration rate [RR]), neuromuscular (electromyographic [EMG] amplitude [AMP], mean power frequency [MPF], mechanomyographic [MMG] AMP and MPF, perceptual (rating of perceived exertion [RPE]), and muscle oxygenation responses (%SmO₂) during exercise anchored by HR, VO₂, and power output; and …

Examination Of Sex- And Limb-Specific Fatigue During Unilateral, Isometric Forearm Exercise, Caleb Christian Voskuil

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of unilateral, isometric handgrip holds to failure for the dominant (Dm) and non-dominant (NDm) limb on ipsilateral ([IPS] exercised side) and contralateral ([CON] non-exercised side) performance fatigability. Twenty individuals participated in this study (Men [n =10]; Women [n = 10; Composite Demographics: Age: 22.2 years; Height: 174.4 cm; Body Mass: 75.0 kg) and completed three visits. Two, 6 s maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVICs) for the Dm and NDm limb were performed during visit 1, followed by a familiarization of the fatigue test. Visits 2 and 3 included an isometric, …

Novel Mammalian Models For Understanding And Treating Spinal Cord Injury, Michael B. Orr

Theses and Dissertations--Physiology

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is devastating and often leaves the injured individual with persistent dysfunction. The injury persists because humans have poor wound repair and there are no pharmacologic treatments to induce wound repair after SCI. The continued efforts to discover therapeutic targets and develop treatments heavily relies on animal models. The purpose of this project is to develop and study novel mammalian models of SCI to provide insights for the development and effective implementation of SCI therapies.

Lab mice (Mus musculus) are a powerful tool for recapitulating the progression and persistent damage evident in human SCI, but …

The Presentation Of Adhesive Capsulitis Of The Hip: A Case Study, Patrick E. Jurewicz, Ryan C. Berlinrut, Frank K. Noojin Iii, Zachary K. Winkelmann

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

A 47-year-old female patient employed as a nurse in a mental health facility working 10-hour shifts reported to the sports medicine clinic for an initial orthopaedic examination after she twisted and fell out of bed causing direct compressive forces on her right hip. She has a history of an underdeveloped right hip, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) allergy, and low back pain (Oswestry score: 41/50, NPRS: 8/10) and is classified as a heavy smoker for 30 years. After initial onset, the patient’s pain increased with all motions. The patient also described a ‘catching sensation’ in her hip. The patient used …

Community Opioid Overdose Prevention And Naloxone Distribution Programs: An Evidence-To-Practice Review, Madison M. Hauge, Kathryn C. Downs, Zachary K. Winkelmann

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 100 people die of drug overdose in the United States every day. This frighteningly high mortality rate has created the need for community-based opioid overdose prevention programs (OOPPs). Currently, there are more than 188 community-run programs operating in the United States. These programs teach individuals how to distribute naloxone and respond properly to a drug overdose situation. This guiding systematic review depicts the current literature available on OOPPs and their effectiveness. The authors performed an article search to discover the most relevant and recent articles, which were graded using a quality …

The Role And Value Of The Athletic Trainer In The Chiropractic Medicine Setting, Nicholas Spangler

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

In the United States, back pain is the most common cause of activity limitation in people younger than 45 years, the second most frequent reason for visits to the physician, the third most common cause of surgical procedure, and the most frequently reported subcategory of musculoskeletal impairment in the United States of people aged up to 65 years (51.7%).1 Chiropractors are healthcare professionals who are trained in the evaluation and treatment of this patient population and utilize a variety of skills like spinal manipulation, soft tissue mobilization, modalities, and therapeutic exercise. Athletic trainers are healthcare professionals whose educational and clinical …

Evaluation And Treatment Of The Water-Polo Player With Anterior Glenohumeral Instability, M Zimmerman

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Background: Glenohumeral (GH) instability is a common shoulder condition with a range of characteristics from laxity within the GH joint to complete dislocation of the humerus. The GH joint is held in place by static and dynamic stabilizers that need to be functioning appropriately to center the humerus in the glenoid fossa. Acquired shoulder instability is defined as chronic stress of the humerus in an externally rotated and abducted position on the shoulder joint from repetitive overhead (OH) sports causing anterior instability of the shoulder. Diagnosing shoulder instability is reliant on the patient’s history and physical examination findings during testing. …

Cervical Kyphosis In A Collegiate Baseball Player, L E. Trail, B J. Warner, D M. Gallegos

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Background: A 21-year-old collegiate baseball player reported to the athletic training staff complaining of pain along the superior angle of the scapula, decreased shoulder range of motion, and transient numbness and tingling in the 4th and 5th digits of his right hand. Physical evaluation revealed substantial spasm and rigidity of the upper trapezius and scapular stabilizer musculature, along with myofascial adhesions in the rhomboids and levator scapulae, in addition to weakness with shoulder abduction and external rotation. All thoracic outlet syndrome testing yielded no positive tests. Thorough patient history revealed a history of shoulder arthroscopy the previous summer to address …

An Exploratory Analysis Of A Treatment Based Classification Algorithm To Treat Patellar Tendinopathy, Monica Matocha, Patti Syvertson, Janet Mcmurray, Emily R. Dietz, Russell T. Baker, Alan Nasypany, Don Reordan, Darcy Downey

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

The general and athletic populations commonly experience patellar tendon pain, which is frequently treated with a gold standard 12-week eccentric exercise protocol. The present research study was designed to determine the effects of a treatment based classification (TBC) algorithm utilizing indirect treatment techniques in patellar tendinopathy participants. Ten participants (seven females, three males, mean age = 19.6 ± 1.07, mean symptom duration = 2.14 years with a range of one week to six years) with patellar tendinopathy were evaluated and included in this study. Each participant underwent a thorough evaluation process to aid in determining inclusion: participant medical history, range …

Health & Nutritional Sciences Free Communication Day: Spring 2021 Plan B Abstracts, Brianna Vig, Michael Pappan, Taylor Svehla, Alexander Iverson, Tanner Jerome, Christian Gravius, Kaitlyn Jackman, Savannah Ratermann, Gwyneth Phillips, Jenna Rheder, Erin Hallenbeck, Logan Ammons, Rachel Astleford, Francine Hoffman, Ryan Folley, Kylie Serie, Jenna Christianson, Haley Strait, Kelsey Kessler

Health and Nutritional Sciences Graduate Students Plan B Capstone Projects

This document contains Plan B abstracts presented by graduate students at the Health and Nutritional Sciences Free Communication Day, held on May 4th, 2021.

Abstract titles include:

• Local Restaurants’ Marketing and Sponsorship Within Collegiate Athletics
• Preparing the Future of Campus Recreation
• Motivational Factors Influencing College Choice: NCAA Division I Female Volleyball Athletes
• The Significance of a Successful Internship Program
• Foundations of Publicly Subsidized Sport Stadiums: The Case of U.S. Bank Stadium
• Enhancing Member Experience During a Pandemic
• The Risk of Depression in Football Players Diagnosed with a Concussion
• Effectiveness of Color-Tinted Glasses in Reducing Photophobia in Patients Diagnosed with Mild …

Dry Needling And Management Of Trigger Points With Low Back Pain: An Evidence To Practice Review, Matthew J. Drescher, Matthew J. Rivera, Lindsey E. Eberman

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Low back pain is a common health concern. The development of myofascial trigger points due to low back pain can cause debilitating pain and loss of functional movement in patients. Dry needling is a minimally invasive procedure that has shown to be useful in the treatment of myofascial trigger points when used with other forms of treatment. However, the literature surrounding dry needling and myofascial trigger points in patients with low back pain is lacking. The guiding systematic review and meta-analysis sought to analyze the effectiveness of dry needling for patients with low back pain. The review utilized eight databases …

Cold-Induced Metabolic Changes In Lean, Nag-1 Transgenic Mice, Rachel J. Davey

All Master's Theses

Obesity is a multifaceted metabolic disorder with severe worldwide public health consequences. While obesity can often be treated using diet and exercise, there are complex genetic interactions driving obesity that don’t always respond to such changes. One important research focus for addressing genetic factors is activating brown adipose tissue which increases thermogenesis, the process of burning stored fats to generate heat. Cold exposure is a known way to activate brown adipose tissue through b3-adrenergic signaling. This signaling pathway causes an upregulation of thermogenesis in brown adipocytes and beige adipocytes, which is white adipose tissue that “browns” and becomes metabolically active. …

Utility Of Novel Rotational Load-Velocity Profiling Methods In Collegiate Softball Players, Chad Herring

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

The purposes of this study were to determine the reliability of the bat swing (BS) and rotational medicine ball throw (RMBT) load-velocity profiling (LVP) methods and the relationships between LVP variables and batting performance in NCAA Division I softball players. Current NCAA Division I softball athletes participated in this study. Bat velocity was tracked with a swing sensor during the BS method. An inertial measurement unit (IMU) tracked forearm velocity during the BS and RMBT methods. Two-way intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were used for relative reliability and coefficient of variation (CV) was used for absolute reliability. For the BS method …

Effectiveness Of Take-Home Naloxone Programs In Athletic Training: An Evidence-To-Practice Review, Michael J. Palm, Amanda N. Flanscha, Zachary K. Winkelmann

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

The number of opioid overdoses (ODs) has risen in recent years and has become more complex due to the co-involvement of both prescription and illicit opioid drug use. Provisional programs for take-home naloxone (a medication designed to rapidly reverse opiate OD symptoms) kits have been distributed to combat this potentially fatal epidemic. Although there is strong evidence to support the efficacy of naloxone in the reversal of opiate OD, there is limited evidence to support the efficacy of take-home naloxone (THN) kits. The purpose of this evidence-to-practice review was to summarize a systematic review on the efficacy of THN programs. …

Attitudes Among Collegiate Volleyball And Women’S Soccer Players Prior To The Covid-19 Altered 2020-21 Season, D M. Gallegos, B J. Warner, S A. Cage

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Context: In response to the global spread of SARS-CoV-2, the National Collegiate Athletic Association cancelled all 2020 winter and spring championships that had not been completed. Additionally, the majority of 2020 fall spring championships were rescheduled to take place in the spring semester of 2021. Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the attitudes, moods, and motivations of collegiate women’s soccer and women’s volleyball players toward the alteration to the 2020-2021 season. Design: Cross-sectional design. Setting: Web-based survey. Participants: A total of 46 female collegiate soccer and volleyball players participated in this study (Age = 17.8 years ± …

Opioid Use Disorder: The Timeline For Medication Assisted Therapy, Alexander Cristofori

Capstone Showcase

Opioid Use Disorder is patterns of opioid use leading to withdrawal, giving up important life events in order to use opioids, and excessive time spent using opioids, to name a few diagnostic criteria. The clinical progression of the disorder involves periods of acute exacerbation and remission that are cyclic in nature. Treatment is most effective when it includes both pharmacological and psychosocial modalities, referred to as medication assisted therapy (MAT). Three drugs used commonly in MAT-based treatment for OUD from oldest to newest include Methadone, Buprenorphine-naloxone, and Naltrexone. Treatment program models that prioritize total abstinence from the addictive substance attached …

Analysis Of Circadian Rhythm Irregularities On The Health Of Shift Workers, Sahil Rajan

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Circadian rhythms involve the natural 24 wake-sleep cycle that governs proper maintenance of biological sleep schedules. Circadian rhythm disruption has been associated with health issues such as diabetes, obesity, and mental health disorders such as bipolar and sleep disorders. In this study, a survey method was utilized in order to analyze specific population demographics to determine whether working day or night shifts predisposed individuals to health issues due to disruptions in their circadian rhythms. This study was also carried out to observe popular coping strategies among night shift workers. Of all the variables tested comparing the difference between day and …

Characterization Of Spontaneous Preeclampsia In The African Green Monkey (Chlorocebus Aethiops Sabaeus), Chelsea Christina Weaver

Theses and Dissertations--Biology

Hypertensive pregnancy disorders are a major contribution to maternal and neonatal mortality worldwide. Two of these disorders, preeclampsia and chronic hypertension in pregnancy, affect up to 10% of all pregnancies. These hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are associated with long-term, postnatal risk factors for both mother and offspring. Despite numerous recent advances in preeclampsia research, the underlying mechanisms are still not understood. This could be due to lack of a spontaneous animal model. This dissertation presents the African Green Monkey (AGM; Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus) as the first known spontaneous animal model of preeclampsia and a highly translational model of chronic …

Extracellular Vesicles Released By Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium Mediate Increased Polarised Secretion Of Drusen Proteins In Response To Amd Stressors, Miguel Flores-Bellver, Jason Mighty, Silvia Aparicio-Domingo, Kang V. Li, Cui Shi, Jing Zhou, Hannah Cobb, Patrick Mcgrath, German Michelis, Patricia Lenhart, Ganna Bilousova, Søren Heissel, Michael J. Rudy, Christina Coughlan, Andrew E. Goodspeed, S. Patricia Becerra, Stephen Redenti, M. Valeria Canto-Soler

Publications and Research

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Drusen are key contributors to the etiology of AMD and the ability to modulate drusen biogenesis could lead to therapeutic strategies to slow or halt AMD progression. The mechanisms underlying drusen biogenesis, however, remain mostly unknown. Here we demonstrate that under homeostatic conditions extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells are enriched in proteins associated with mechanisms involved in AMD pathophysiology, including oxidative stress, immune response, inflammation, complement system and drusen composition. Furthermore, we provide first evidence that drusen-associated proteins are released as cargo of extracellular …

Human Retinal Organoids Release Extracellular Vesicles That Regulate Gene Expression In Target Human Retinal Progenitor Cells, Jing Zhou, Miguel Flores‑Bellver, Jianbo Pan, Alberto Benito‑Martin, Cui Shi, Onyekwere Onwumere, Jason Mighty, Jiang Qian, Xiufeng Zhong, Tasmim Hogue, Baffour Amponsah‑Antwi, Linda Einbond, Rajendra Gharbaran, Hao Wu, Bo‑Juen Chen, Zhiliang Zheng, Tatyana Tchaikovskaya, Xusheng Zhang, Hector Peinado, Maria Valeria Canto‑Soler, Stephen Redenti

Publications and Research

The mechanisms underlying retinal development have not been completely elucidated. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are novel essential mediators of cell‑to‑cell communication with emerging roles in developmental processes. Nevertheless, the identification of EVs in human retinal tissue, characterization of their cargo, and analysis of their potential role in retina development has not been accomplished. Three‑dimensional retinal tissue derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) provide an ideal developmental system to achieve this goal. Here we report that hiPSC‑derived retinal organoids release exosomes and microvesicles with small noncoding RNA cargo. EV miRNA cargo‑predicted targetome correlates with Gene Ontology (GO) pathways involved in …

Diagnosis And Intervention Of Posterior Shoulder Impingement In A Non-Throwing Athlete, K Orrick

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Background: Posterior impingement, also commonly called internal impingement, is identified by a repetitive compression of the posterosuperior aspect of the glenoid by the greater tuberosity of the humeral head when the arm is in an abducted and externally rotated position. There are multiple possible causes of this impingement. One of the most frequent contributors is scapular dyskinesis, where the scapula does not track properly with overhead movement due to weakness. Other contributors include kinetic chain instabilities found in the spine, core, and lower extremity, as well as glenohumeral instability causing a shift in the humeral head. Posterior impingement is commonly …

Treatment And Management Of Complex Knee Injury: A Case Report, K Braunreiter, S Kerwin

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Background: The “unhappy triad” injury includes tears of the anterior cruciate ligament, medial collateral ligament, and medial meniscus. There is limited research on the prevalence and outcome of this injury. The unique surgical repair consisting of lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET) was utilized to reinforce the anterior cruciate ligament repair (ACLR) and to prevent rerupture. Due to this extensive surgery, the patient struggled to regain full range of motion and quadriceps activation. This case is a Level 2 case study that explores the different interventions used to address the aforementioned objective deficits and return him safely to play. Patient: The patient …

A Proposed Return-To-Ride Protocol For United States Jockeys Following Concussion, Carolina Quintana, Kimberly I. Tumlin, Matthew C. Hoch, Nicholas R. Heebner, Bianca L. Grimshaw, Carl G. Mattacola

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Professional horse racing jockeys participate in a high-risk sport, however there is limited research and policies regarding welfare and safety. Despite the high incidence and risk of concussions, there are not standardized protocols for returning these unique athletes to participation following concussion. A return-to-ride concussion protocol for thoroughbred horse racing athletes must take into account the unique considerations and practices of the sport. Current concussion management strategies suggest removal from riding and activity when a concussion is suspected. This is followed by further evaluation for diagnosis, a period of both cognitive and physical rest before a gradual return-to-activity prior to …

Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Pain Management, Nicolette A. Harris, Samar Long

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Pain is subjective, which makes its management a complicated task. The challenge of medical decision-making associated with pain often requires health care providers to rely heavily on their individual discretion and experience. This often creates an avenue for biases to play a role in the selection of the best available and most appropriate pain management interventions. Therefore, the overall purpose of this review is to summarize the current literature related to racial and ethnic disparities in pain management. Electronic searches of four databases revealed 2,112 articles; however, only six studies met criteria for inclusion in this review. Even when the …