Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health Commons^™

Valorization Of Xylan In Agroforestry Waste Streams, Harrison Appiah

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Valorization of Xylan in Agroforestry Waste Streams.

Harrison Appiah

Microwave-assisted deep eutectic solvent and gamma-valerolactone metallic chloride catalyzed conversion of xylan to furfural were investigated using a 2x3 factorial experimental design at two levels of percent microwave power, reaction time, and catalyst concentration. The levels of each factor studied were (20%, 60% microwave power, 2, 4 minutes, and 10, 20mg) respectively. The effect of three metallic chloride catalysts (LiCl, FeCl3.6H20, CuCl2) on the conversion of xylan to furfural was also investigated. The gamma-valerolactone-ferric chloride sent system exhibited the highest mean yield of furfural (56.50%). The next highest furfural yield of …

In Vitro And In Vivo Toxicological Evaluation Of Emissions From The Fused Filament Fabrication Three-Dimensional Printing, Mariana T. Farcas

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Fused filament fabrication (FFF), a three-dimensional (3-D) printing process, is an emerging technology that has recently gained wide popularity among both consumers and manufacturers. As filament is heated to above its glass transition temperature in a 3-D printer, a portion may undergo thermal decompostion, which releases ultrafine particles (UFP) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with potential adverse respiratory health effects are released into the air. This study's central hypotheses is that emissions generated during 3-D printing are toxic and exposure to these emissions induces pulmonary and systemic adverse health effects. Considering that currently, limited understanding is available on the health …

Quantitation Of Fentanyl And Metabolites From Blow Fly Tissue And Development Effects Of Fentanyl On Lucilia Sericata, Joseph Allen Cox

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Death investigations often involve collaborative work between different forensic disciplines, especially with regards to pathology, toxicology, and entomology. This dissertation investigates the effects of designer opioids on the development of blow fly (Lucilia sericata) larvae and the ability to detect and quantify the drugs and/or metabolites present in each stage of the fly’s life cycle. Therefore, we evaluated human tissue fortified with fentanyl at four treatment concentrations, and blow fly larvae were placed to feed on the drug infused tissue. A quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) extraction method was developed, validated, and applied to extract …

Leakage Versus Material Filtration In Barrier Facemask Efficiency, Ali Bahloul, Clothilde Brochot, Barbara Layne

Études primaires

The World Health Association and many governmental agencies recommend the wearing of facemasks by the general public to prevent the spread of COVID-19. It is believed that masks can significantly protect others and may offer some protection to the wearer. Although there are standards for FFRs, surgical masks, and recently for barrier face coverings, they all indicate the level of protection for the wearer. However, testing facial masks not at the point of inhalation, but at the source, the exhale, offers a new perspective on how to impede particle emissions. In this paper, the experimental results show that, although the …

Occupational Exposure To Antineoplastic Drugs: What About Hospital Sanitation Personnel?, France Labrèche, Capucine Ouellet, Brigitte Roberge, Nicolas J Caron, Ahmed Yennek, Jean-François Bussières

Études primaires

Objective

Occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs (ANPs) occurs mainly through dermal contact. Our study was set up to assess the potential exposure of hospital sanitation (HS) personnel, for whom almost no data are available, through contamination of surfaces they regularly touch.

Methods

In the oncology departments of two hospitals around Montreal, surface wipe samples of 120–2000 cm² were taken at 10 sites cleaned by the HS personnel and five other sites frequently touched by nursing and pharmacy personnel. A few hand wipe samples were collected to explore skin contamination. Wipes were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem–mass spectrometry for …

Effects Of Acute And Chronic Nicotine Administration On Choice Of Probabilistic Outcomes, Katya A. Nolder

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Risky choice can be operationally defined as the choice for a larger, uncertain reinforcer over a smaller, certain reinforcer. Research suggests smokers engage in more risky or maladaptive decisions when compared to nonsmokers. The relation between nicotine and risky choice could benefit from further investigation, since nicotine is the active substance of tobacco products that maintains tobacco addiction. Acute nicotine administration has shown to alter risky choice; however, since the everyday smoker uses nicotine repeatedly, more research on chronic administration is warranted and would allow for assessment of tolerance or sensitization of these effects. The present study investigated effects of …

Bypassing The Blood-Brain Barrier: A Physical And Pharmacological Approach For The Treatment Of Metastatic Brain Tumors, Samuel A. Sprowls

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation (a) provided an in depth literature review of methods to disrupt the BBB/BTB and improve therapeutic distribution to brain tumors, (b) evaluated the use of azacitidine as a single agent therapy for the treatment of brain metastasis of breast cancer and a potential molecular mechanism by which brain tropic cells are sensitized to hypomethylating agents, (c) determined the impact cannabidiol has on P-glycoprotein mediated efflux at the blood-brain barrier and its potential for use as a single agent treatment for metastatic brain tumors, (d) developed a preclinical radiation therapy protocol for use in small animals and in vitro …

Exploring Early Signaling Associated With Complex Stressors, Julia A. Penatzer

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Humans are constantly exposed to a vast number of stressors in our everyday lives from social interactions to physical activity to chemical exposures, to name a few. These stressors have significant impacts on an individual, from the cellular to whole organismal level. The body contains an intricate communication system that elicits a number of both biological and physiological responses as it attempts to maintain homeostasis. Observing these responses to stressors, can offer insight into a number of outcomes, which can be beneficial (increasing life longevity) or detrimental (leading to a disease state). By measuring specific biological adaptations at particular time …

Connectivity: Insights From The U.S. Long Term Ecological Research Network, David M. Iwaniec, Michael Gooseff, Katharine N. Suding, David Samuel Johnson, Daniel C. Reed, Debra P. C. Peters, Byron Adams, John E. Barrett, Brandon T. Bestelmeyer, Max C. N. Castorani, Elizabeth M. Cook, Melissa J. Davidson, Peter M. Groffman, Niall P. Hanan, Laura F. Huenneke, Pieter T. J. Johnson, Diane M. Mcknight, Robert J. Miller, Gregory S. Okin, Daniel L. Preston, Andrew Rassweiler, Chris Ray, Osvaldo E. Sala, Robert L. Schooley, Timothy Seastedt, Marko J. Spasojevic, Enrique R. Vivoni

Advanced Science Research Center

Ecosystems across the United States are changing in complex and surprising ways. Ongoing demand for critical ecosystem services requires an understanding of the populations and communities in these ecosystems in the future. This paper represents a synthesis effort of the U.S. National Science Foundation-funded Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) network addressing the core research area of “populations and communities.” The objective of this effort was to show the importance of long-term data collection and experiments for addressing the hardest questions in scientific ecology that have significant implications for environmental policy and management. Each LTER site developed at least one compelling case …

Applying A Novel Systems Approach To Address Systemic Environmental Injustices: Constructing Soil For Limiting The Legacy Of Lead (Pb), Sara Perl Egendorf, Peter M. Groffman, Zhongqi Cheng, Michael Menser, Jan Mun, Howard Mielke

Advanced Science Research Center

The knowledge of unsustainable human and Earth system interactions is widespread, especially in light of systemic environmental injustices. Systems science has enabled complex and rigorous understandings of human and Earth system dynamics, particularly relating to pollution of Earth’s land, water, air, and organisms. Given that many of these systems are not functioning sustainably or optimally, how might this field enable both rigorous understanding of the issues and experiments aimed at alternative outcomes? Here, we put forth a novel, multiscale systems science approach with three steps: (1) understanding the systemic issues at hand, (2) identifying systemic interventions, and (3) applying experiments …

Synthesis, Molecular Docking, And Biological Evaluation Of Novel 2-(3-Chlorophenyl) Quinoline-4-Carboxamide Derivatives As Potent Anti-Breast Cancer And Antibacterial Agents, Kailas W. Shinde, Prashant S. Kharkar, Chetan P. Shah, Shrimant V. Rathod

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Objectives: The study aims to synthesize and to evaluate the anti-breast cancer and antibacterial activity of some novel quinoline-4-carboxamide derivatives. Materials and Methods: A series of novel quinoline analogs 6a-6j with varied substituent (X = H, F, OCH3, NO2) were synthesized from aniline through multi-step reactions in good yields. All analogues were confirmed by spectral characterization, namely, FT-IR, MS, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR. All the molecules were evaluated for their anticancer activity against a breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231 by MTT assay, and antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus 6538p and Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas …

Doxorubicin Modulates P-Glycoprotein Transcription Differently During Caco-2 Differentiation, Udomsak Udomnilobol, Suree Jianmongko

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is an efflux transporter protecting cells from various chemical threats. Upregulation of P-gp expression, mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), has been reported in doxorubicin-treated cells. However, during cell differentiation cellular redox status may vary. This study investigated the influence of cell differentiation on doxorubicin-mediated P-gp expression in Caco-2 cells, and its relation to cellular redox status. During 21-day culture, Caco-2 cells were divided into pre-, during-, and post-differentiation, based on total cell numbers, percentage of G0/G1 cells, and alkaline phosphatase activity. Our study demonstrated that Caco-2 cells were in a more reduced state on differentiation. At low …

Evaluation Of Acute Oral Toxicity Of Methanolic Fractions Of Sesbania Grandiflora Linn. Roots In Albino Mice, N. S. Vinay, S. Babitha, R. Nandeesh, S. Paramesh, E. Manjunath, J. P. Geetha, V. P. Veerapur, B. Swetha, H. V. Keerthi Prasanth

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Introduction: Although Sesbania grandiflora Linn. roots have valuable pharmacological effects, the comprehensive awareness about its toxicity potential has been lacking. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to assess the acute oral toxicity of methanolic fraction of S. grandiflora root (MFSGR). Materials and Methods: The female albino mice were divided into two groups (n = 5), one group served as normal control while the other treated with MFSGR (2000 mg/kg, p.o). Both the groups of mice were observed for 14 days for various parameters according to the Organization for Economic Cooperative and Development guidelines 425 TG. Results: Oral administration of …

Pharmacognostic And Chromatographic Evaluation Of Male And Female Flowers Of Coscinium Fenestratum For Berberine Content And Its Effect On Antioxidant Activity, T. S. Roopashree, Kuntal Das, N. Prashanth, K. Rakesh Kumar

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Coscinium fenestratum (CF) (Gaertn.) Colebr., [Family: Menispermaceae] is an endangered species of dioecious liana found in Western Ghats of India. The present investigation aimed with systematic analytical studies on the macroscopic, microscopic examination of male and female CF flowers, various solvent extractions, accompanied by phytochemical screening through chemical tests, identification of Berberine alkaloids, antioxidant activity, and Berberine quantification byhigh-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) process. Two different amounts of solvents (10 ml and 20 ml) with two different time intervals, that is, 15 min and 25 min, respectively, were used for extraction. Results revealed that both flowers had their own unique characters. …

Anthraquinones Extracted From Rubia Cordifolia Linn As Potential Ligands To Treat Alzheimer’S Disease, Pottella Srinivasulu, Janga Ramesh Babu, T.N.V. Ganesh Kumar, Padarthi Pavan Kumar, S. Vidyadhara

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Objective: The present investigation aims to predict the pharmacokinetic aspects and assessing the anti-Alzheimer’s activity using both molecular docking platform and ex vivo pharmacological studies on muscle contraction. Materials and Methods: 2-Methyl Anthraquinone (MAQ) and Quinizarine (QNZ) were isolated from Rubia cordifolia L., and evaluated for absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity. Molecular docking was performed with the help of Mcule software on five drug targets acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE), cyclin-dependent kinase5 (CDK5), glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), monoamine oxidase (MAO-B), and β-secretase enzyme (BACE). The pharmacological activity was screened by recording the muscle contractions of chick ileum. Results: The selected …

Current Perspectives On The Therapeutic Potential Of Mitragyna Speciosa And Its Derivatives On Animal Model, Norsyifa Harun, Illa Syafiqah Johari, Rima Atria Japarin, Farah Wahida Suhaimi, Zurina Hassan, Mohammed Shoaib

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

The plant Mitragyna speciosa Korth. is receiving increased attention as a therapeutic substitution for opioid use disorder (OUD). The active alkaloids constituents of the plant, particularly mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine, have been shown to modulate opioid receptors, acting as agonists at mu-opioid receptors. Given this pharmacology, several studies have examined the abuse and dependence potential of M. speciosa and its alkaloids in various animal models of dependence. In addition to action on opioid receptors, the Mitragyna alkaloids also appear to exert diverse activities at other receptors in the central nervous system which may explain the complex pharmacological profile of these alkaloids. …

Evidence For Intravenous Self-Administration Of Mitragynine In Fentanyl-Dependent Rats, Norsyifa Harun, Zurina Hassan, Surash Ramanathan, Mohammed Shoaib

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Introduction: Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth) is currently used as an alternative for the self-treatment of pain and management of opioid dependence and withdrawal. Due to the opioid-like effect of the plant’s active alkaloid, mitragynine (MG), the evaluation of its ability to maintain self-administration in animal models of opioid dependence appears to be great significance. Objectives: Here, the ability of MG to cross-substitute to the reinforcing effects of the synthetic narcotic fentanyl is investigated. Methods: Rats with implanted catheters were allowed to self-administer fentanyl (2.0 μg/kg/infusion) on a fixed-ratio 1 of schedule of reinforcement. Results: A significant increase in lever pressing …

Synthesis And Anti-Inflammatory Effects Evaluation Of 1,3 Substituted Isatin Derivatives, Farshid Hassanzadeh, Elham Jafari, Nahal Khayambashi, Valiollah Hajhashemi

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Objectives: Inflammation is a pathophysiological response of the body to a variety of agents including infections and physical injury leading to local accumulation of plasma fluid and blood cells. Isatin as a promising heterocyclic molecule has shown interesting biological profile. In this study, some derivatives of isatin containing both Schiff and mannich base fragments were synthesized in a three-step procedure. Methods: Benzohydrazide derivatives were prepared by reaction of benzoat derivatives with hydrazine hydrate. The Schiff bases were formed by treatment isatin with the benzo hydrazide derivatives. The corresponding mannich bases have been synthesized by the reaction of the Schiff bases …

Present Clinical Trial Regulatory System And Strategies For Improvement In Thailand, Charunee Krisanaphan, Rungpetch Sakulbumrungsil

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

The study aimed to identify gaps and to develop strategies for improving the clinical trial regulatory system in Thailand. Two-step cross-sectional survey was conducted. The first questionnaire addressed the present situation and the expected system sent by mail. The participants were from the lists of ethics committee (EC) members available online and others obtained from Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The second questionnaire determined the strategies and methods to improve the regulatory system. The participants were the attendees at the Thailand Toward Excellence in Clinical Trials meeting. The first questionnaire with response rate of 26.9% showed that the present situation …

In Vitro Antioxidants And Anticancer Activity Of Crude Extract Isolates From Euphorbiaceae In Northern Thailand, Siwalee Rattanapunya, Wiriyaporn Sumsakul, Akharasit Bunsongthae, Samart Jaitia

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

The properties of Croton persimilis Müll.Arg. and Antidesma puncticulatum Miq.— interesting plant in the family Euphorbiaceae were investigated. The ethanol crude plant extracts were established for phytochemicals screening, antioxidants activities, anticancer in five important human cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, HeLa, HepG2, and NCI-H187), and cytotoxic activity in normal cell line (hTERT-HME1). The leaves extracts of C. persimilis Müll. Arg. contained flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, and tannins. The total phenolic content properties were found in 43.40 ± 1.36 mg Gallic Acid Equivalents (GAE)/g crude extract. They also showed lowest antioxidant activity through 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay (IC50>1,000 μg/ml) and 2.4.2 …

Incidence Of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia In Treatment-Naïve Hiv-Infected Adult Patients Receiving Primary Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia Chemoprophylaxis With 48-Week Antiretroviral Initiation, Piroon Khamlee, Peerawong Werarak, Chankit Puttilerpong

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the incidence of primary Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) between patients who received and did not receive primary PCP chemoprophylaxis and investigate adverse drug reactions (ADRs) related to the chemoprophylaxis use. Method: A retrospective study was conducted in Siriraj Hospital, Thailand. Data were collected from HIV-infected adults, initiated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) with initial CD4+ <200 cells/mm3. Results: Overall, 217 patients had a median initial CD4+ of 83 cells/mm3 (interquartile range: 33.5–150.5) (range: 0–199), most of the initial HAART regimen was non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors based containing tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (94.94%), and 104 patients (47.93%) received chemoprophylaxis. The incidence between patients who received and did not receive prophylaxis found no statistically significant difference (p = 0.133). Only one event was found in a severely immunocompromised patient who did not receive the prophylaxis. The absolute risk reduction of primary PCP incidence, and rate of ADRs was 0.89% (95% confidence interval, −0.84, 2.61) and 10.58% in patients who received the chemoprophylaxis, respectively. Conclusion: The initiation of HAART in HIV-infected patients who had the initial CD4+ cell count <200 cells/mm3 may impact on reducing the risk of developing primary PCP. Aside from the patients who received the prophylaxis, most of the adverse reactions were skin disorders.

Synthesis, Docking, And Molecular Dynamic Study Of Hydrazones Compounds To Search Potential Inhibitor For Breast Cancer Mcf-7, Jasril, Yuana Nurulita, Nur Afriana, Ihsan Ikhtiarudin, Neni Frimayanti

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Introduction: Hydrazones have been reported for various biological activities, such as anticancer. The presence of the azomethine group (-NHN=CH-) makes these compounds as one of the important classes in many synthetic products. Objective: The aim of this work is to explore the potential of halogenated hydrazones series as breast cancer inhibitors. Methods: In this study, some series of halogenated hydrazones have been synthesized through condensation reaction between halogenated benzaldehydes and phenylhydrazine under microwave irradiation. The structures of the halogenated hydrazoes were confirmed by ultraviolet, fourier-transform infrared, NMR, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry spectroscopic data. The in silico studies i.e. docking and …

Analysis Of Hba1c, Medication Compliance, Income Subsidies, And Comorbidity In Medicare Type 2 Diabetics, Robert E. Lazarchik

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Diabetes is one of America’s leading chronic diseases with comorbidities contributing to lower health statuses and increased health care costs. While it is known that lowering HbA1c reduces the deleterious effects of diabetes, the capability to identify people with diabetes at risk for uncontrolled HbA1c levels or developing comorbidities based on the compliance rates for different oral antihyperglycemic medication classes (OAMCs) and financial assistance programs does not yet exist. These quantitative longitudinal retrospective studies examined the association between medication compliance, using Proportion of Days Covered (PDC), by OAMC and Medicare financial aid programs, on predicting HbA1c levels and comorbidities in …

Alpinia Galanga Extract Induces Senescence In Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Overexpressing Breast Cancer Cells, Riris Istighfari Jenie, Ragil Anang Santoso, Irfani Aura Salsabila, Nadzifa Nugraheni, Edy Meiyanto

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: Alpinia galanga L. (galangal) is a widely known spice in Southeast Asia. A previous study indicated that its active compounds might effectively inhibit (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER2])-overexpressing breast cancer cell proliferation. Objective: Our study aimed to investigate the antiproliferation activity of galangal extract (GE) on HER2- overexpressing breast cancer cells by analyzing GE cytotoxicity and its mechanism of action. Materials and Methods: We used HCC1954 cell line as a model. We observed the effect of GE (10–200 μg/mL) on cell growth using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The modulation of GE on cell cycle, apoptosis, and the intracellular …

Synthesis, In Silico Analysis And Antidepressant Activity Of Pyrazoline Analogs, Natasha Naval Aggarwal, Banylla Felicity Dkhar Gatphoh, M. Vijay Kumar, Sawan Ghetia, B. C. Revanasiddappa

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Objective: This study is undertaken to design and synthesize new pyrazoline derivatives and to evaluate their antidepressant efficacy by in silico and in vivo studies. Materials and Methods: The title compounds pyrazoline derivatives (PY1-PY9) were yielded by the cyclization of chalcones (C1-C9) with phenylhydrazine HCl in glacial acetic acid. FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and mass spectral data established the structures of the newly synthesized compounds. In silico analysis was carried out using Schrodinger 2018-3 suite device Maestro and docked to the binding site of Human MAO-A enzyme (2Z5X). In vivo antidepressant study was performed by tail suspension method and forced swimming test. …

Quality By Design (Qbd): Principles, Underlying Concepts, And Regulatory Prospects, B.G.V.S. Jagan, P. Narasimha Murthy, Anjan Kumar Mahapatra, Ruchita Kumari Patra

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

In the past decades, with substantial growth of pharmaceutical companies and the need in enhancement of quality paradigms, adoption of systematic science based technologies was an inherent demand of regulatory agencies and one such technology is quality by design (QbD). The approved interrelated International Council on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for pharmaceuticals for Human Use guidelines, Q8 (pharmaceutical development), Q9 (quality risk management [QRM]), and Q10 (pharmaceutical quality system) drove the path in successful implementation of QbD. The primary focus of this article is made in delivering the underlying concepts that lead in framing of seven vital elements of QbD. …

Validated Ultra-Performance Chromatographic Method For Simultaneous Determination Of Andrographolide And Its Four Related Diterpenoids In Andrographis Paniculata Capsules, Jankana Burana-Osot, Panadda Phattanawasin, Uthai Sotanaphun, Chanokporn Sukonpan, Lawan Sriphong, Anchalee Kumsum

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Introduction: Andrographis paniculata contained many pharmacologically active diterpenoids. Objectives: A simple and rapid isocratic reverse phase chromatographic method was developed using UPLC for simultaneous determination of 5 diterpenoids; andrographolide, deoxyandrographiside, neoandrographolide, 14-deoxyandrographolide and 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide in A. paniculata capsules. Materials and Methods: The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Waters Acquity BEH C18, 50 × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm column using mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water in a ratio of 25:75 (v/v). The flow rate was 0.4 ml/min with a runtime of 12 min. The method was validated according to the regulatory guidelines with respect to specificity, linearity, precision, …

Synthesis And Evaluation Of Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Diacrylate-Modified Chitosan As A Mucoadhesive Polymer, Kwanputtha Arunprasert, Chaiyakarn Pornpitchanarong, Nitjawan Sahatsapan, Praneet Opanasopit, Prasopchai Patrojanasophon

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

This study aimed to synthesize a poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate-modified chitosan (CS-PEGDA) as a mucoadhesive polymer for transmucosal drug delivery. Chitosan-cysteine (Cys-CS) was synthesized by coupling chemistry. Cys-CS was then employed for the synthesis of CS-PEGDA through a thiol-ene click reaction between the thiol groups of Cys-CS and alkene groups of PEGDA using triethanolamine as an activator. The obtained structure of the synthesized polymer was proved using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The mucoadhesive capability of the synthesized polymer was examined by an ex vivo mucoadhesion test using a texture analyzer. The toxicity of synthesized …

Evaluation Of Volatile Constituents Of Fresh And Dried Herbals In Thai Traditional Compress Ball By Headspace Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Technique, Prasan Tangyuenyongwatana, Napapan Pongpoungphet, Wandee Gritsanapan

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Introduction: There are two types of herbal compress balls, fresh and dried, which are normally used in combination with Thai traditional massage for relieving inflammation and pain. There is no comparing information about chemical compositions of these herbal compress balls. Objective: This research focused on analysis of chemical composition of two types of herbal compress balls using headspace (HS) gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) system at a temperature of 80°C. Methods: Each herbal compress sample, Cryptolepis dubia, Cymbopogon citratus, Tamarindus indica, Curcuma longa, Zingiber montanum, and Citrus hystrix, was placed in a HS vial at 80°C for 20 min, agitated at …

The Study Of Volatile Fractions Of Cabbage Leaves (Brassica Oleracea L. Convar. Capitata (L.) Alef. Var. Alba Dc.) And Determination Of Its Antibacterial And Antifungal Activity, Viktoriia Protska, Andriy Fedosov, Nadiia Burda, Oleksandr Dobrovolnyi, Moeen F. Dababneh, Marina Kuznetsova, Iryna Zhuravel, Liana Budanova

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: Along with a widespread application of cabbage as a food and fodder crop, it also possesses therapeutic properties. In traditional medicine, this plant is used in gastritis and gastric ulcer, colitis, diabetes, inflammations of upper airways, musculoskeletal system, disorders of cardiovascular system, and skin. Materials and Method: Using the method of gas chromatography, the component composition of cabbage leaves of Yaroslavna and Bilosnizhka cultivars was studied. Testing control strains of microorganisms were used for the determination of the antimicrobial activity of chloroform, ethyl acetate, and 96% ethanol extracts from cabbage cultivars leaves. Result: The general amount of volatile compounds …