Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health Commons^™

Analysis Of Potential Anti-Aging Beverage Pru, A Traditional Cuban Refreshment, By Desorption Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry And Fticr Tandem Mass Spectrometry, M.A. Mamun, T.V. Gonzalez, A. Islam, T. Sato, S. Sato, T.K. Ito, M. Horikawa, F. Yamazaki, R.C. Alarcon, T. Ido, M. Setou

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Aging has been established as a major risk factor for prevalent diseases and hence, the development of anti-aging medicines is of great importance. Recently, herbal fermented beverages have emerged as a promising source of potential anti-aging drug. Pru, a traditional Cuban refreshment produced by decoction and fermentation of multispecies plants with sugar, has been consumed for many years and is claimed to have multiple medicinal properties. Besides the traditional method, Pru is also manufactured industrially. The present study analyzed the major components of both traditional Pru (TP) and industrial Pru (IP) to reveal their potential application in promoting the health …

Lipocalin 2 Induces Neuroinflammation And Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction Through Liver-Brain Axis In Murine Model Of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis, Ayan Mondal, Dipro Bose, Punnag Saha, Sutapa Sarkar, Ratanesh K. Seth, Diana Kimono, Muayad Albadrani, Mitzi Nagarkatti, Prakash Nagarkatti, Saurabh Chatterjee

Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND:

Recent clinical and basic research implicated a strong correlation between NAFLD/NASH phenotypes with ectopic manifestations including neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, but the mediators and critical pathways involved are not well understood. Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) is one of the important mediators exclusively produced in the liver and circulation during NASH pathology.

METHODS:

Using murine model of NASH, we studied the role of Lcn2 as a potent mediator of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in NASH pathology via the liver-brain axis. RESULTS: Results showed that high circulatory Lcn2 activated 24p3R (Lipocalin2 receptor) in the brain and induced the release of high mobility group box …

A Letter To Reconsider The Conditions For Testing Decontaminated N95 Respirators For Emergency Reuse To Address Shortage, Eric P. Vejerano, Jeonghyeon Ahn

Faculty Publications

The battle with COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in the shortage of personal protective equipment, particularly, N95 respirators. Healthcare workers who reused N95 respirators may resort to unproven methods of cleaning/sterilization that can severely compromise the respirators’ filtration efficiency. A recently issued guideline will test decontaminated N95 respirators against particles with a median diameter of 0.075 ± 0.020 µm at a flow rate of 85 L min–1. For emergency reuse, these conditions may be too stringent. N95 respirators tested at this flow rate had predicted efficiencies of < 69%, assuming complete degradation of their electrostatic coating. Experimental efficiencies were ~15% lower. For emergency reuse, we recommend to either adjust the flow rate closer to normal breathing, or the size of the test particle should reflect that of virus-laden respiratory aerosols (~> 0.5 µm). By reconsidering the test conditions, a substantial fraction of used/decontaminated respirators can …

A Health Evaluation Of Gulf Of Mexico Golden Tilefish (Lopholatilus Chamaeleonticeps) And Red Snapper (Lutjanus Campechanus) Following The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill, Kristina Leigh Deak

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

A lack of baseline heath indices for offshore Gulf of Mexico (GoM) teleosts complicated impact assessments of the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill. While measurement of contaminant levels in fish after a pollution event can document exposure, such data fail to provide meaningful information about how this contact affects an animal's physiology. Controlled exposure studies have highlighted the utility of biomarkers that may indicate deleterious, long-lasting effects of pollutant exposure on various life stages of fish, however, their extrapolation to wild-caught, non-model species is challenging. In an increasingly chemically-saturated environment, it can also be difficult to separate the influence of …

Mechanistic Insight On Vibrio Gazogenes Mediated Intervention Of Aflatoxin Biosynthesis In Aspergillus Flavus, Rubaiya Jesmin

Theses and Dissertations

Aflatoxin is a liver carcinogen, mycotoxin, and a secondary metabolite that is produced by some plant pathogens within the genus Aspergillus when they infect crops such as corn, peanuts, and cotton. Given the significant adverse health and economic impacts of aflatoxin and a predicted rise of crop contamination with mycotoxins caused by a changing climate, there is a pressing need for exploring new aflatoxin mitigation methods. Previous studies in our laboratory have shown that metabolites from Vibrio gazogenes, an estuarine non-pathogenic bacterium, can inhibit aflatoxin synthesis. However, a direct interaction study between V. gazogenes and aflatoxin producing strains has …

Understanding The Influence Of Changing Climate On Mycotoxin Contamination Of Food And Indoor Fungi-Mediated Respiratory Illness, Mayomi Helen Omebeyinje

Theses and Dissertations

Over the years, climate change has been a major core issue in public and environmental health. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that about 250,000 additional death per year would be attributed to climate change between 2030 and 2050 if this situation persists. Since our population depends on (but not limited to) the availability of clean water, good air quality, and exposure to environmental hazards/pathogens, the overall health impact caused by climate change is likely to be overwhelming in the nearest future. This dissertation explored the influence of climate change on fungi diseases and pathogenesis after severe weather conditions (hurricanes …

An Assessment Of Disinfection-Related Water Chemistry At Public Pools And Spas In Louisville, Kentucky, Thomas Gerding, Tim Wilder, Jason W. Marion

EKU Faculty and Staff Scholarship

The growth in the number of pools to more than 7.4 million in the U.S. has been accompanied by a rise in recreational water illnesses (RWIs). Effective pool management, though, can mitigate RWI risks. Inadequate management presumably occurs more frequently where training is less formalized and/or pool operation is a minor aspect of the job of the responsible pool manager(s). During summer 2018, weekly evaluations were performed at public venues in Louisville, Kentucky. Disinfectant levels and other items were monitored and compared with venue-specific (pool or spa) criteria. Among 1,312 venue surveys, 1,173 (89.4%) met criteria and 139 (10.6%) did …

Temporal Differences In The Emission And Atmospheric Dispersion Of Particulate Matter From Waste And Drinking Water Treatment Facilities, Abdulmalik Alsaif

Theses and Dissertations

Many countries encounter a growing shortage of water, and the reuse of treated or untreated wastewater is their main source. Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) are mainly designed to remove organic nutrients, large solids, and chemical substances. There are some possible issues regarding WWTPs that are close to residential areas around the world. One of the environmental effects from WWTP that might cause air pollution would be the emission of toxic chemical gases and microorganisms via aerosols that transport bacteria as well as viruses and fungal spores which can be harmful to human health. Therefore, particulate matters (PM) and metrological parameters …

Using A 3d In Vitro Ovarian Tissue Culture Model To Screen For The Female Reproductive Toxicity Of Pharmaceutical Compounds, Jingshan Xu

Theses and Dissertations

Ovarian toxicity (ovotoxicity) is one of the major side effects of pharmaceutical compounds for women at or before reproductive age. The current gold standard for screening of compounds for ovotoxicity largely relies on preclinical investigations using whole animals. However, in vivo models are time-consuming, costly, and harmful to animals. Here, we developed a three-tiered ovotoxicity screening approach starting from encapsulated in vitro follicle growth (eIVFG) and screened for the potential ovotoxicity of 8 preclinical compounds from AstraZeneca (AZ). Results from Tier 1 and 2 screenings using eIVFG showed that the first 7 tested AZ compounds, AZ-A, -B, -C, -D, -E, …

Medicine And Media: The Ranitidine Debate., Jennifer A. Wagner, Jennifer Colombo

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Ranitidine has been the topic of recent media reports. Current findings, confirmed by the US Food and Drug Administration, indicate that some ranitidine products contain a substance that may be carcinogenic. Providers and patients require additional information on the risks of continuing therapy vs. the benefits of the medication. This article comments on what is currently known about the evolving situation of elevated N-nitrosodimethylamine levels in ranitidine and the limits of the existing information to assess best practices.

Carboxymethyl Chitosan Perturbs Inflammation Profile And Colonic Microbiota Balance In Mice, Yuting Liu, Shuai Zong, Jinglei Li

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Mogrosides are the major triterpenoidal saponins found in swingle, the fruit of Siraitia grosvenorii, which have recently been widely used throughout the world as natural food sweeteners. Among this class of compounds, mogroside III E (MG III E) exhibits the most intense sweetness, and it was also found to effectively regulate blood glucose levels. However, the relative abundance of naturally occurring MG III E is low compared to other mogrosides. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to enrich MG III E through biotransformation of fruit extracts and to develop a reliable method for its purification. We used HPLC coupled …

Involvement Of Prohibitin 1 And Prohibitin 2 Upregulation In Cbsa-Induced Podocyte Cytotoxicity, Heng-Hsiung Wu, Chao-Jung Chen, Pei-Yu Lin, Yu-Huei Liu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common age-related neurodegenerative disorder. Amyloid-β (Aβ) and hyper-phosphorylated tau accumulation are accountable for the progressive neuronal loss and cognitive impairments usually observed in AD. Currently, medications for AD offer moderate symptomatic relief but fail to cure the disease; hence development of effective and safe drugs is urgently needed for AD treatment. In this study, we investigated a Chinese medicine (CM) formulation named NeuroDefend (ND), for reducing amyloid β (Aβ) and tau pathology in transgenic AD mice models. Regular oral administration of ND improved cognitive function and memory in 3XTg-AD and 5XFAD mice. In addition, …

Quantitation Of Dna Reactive Pyrrolic Metabolites Of Senecionine – A Carcinogenic Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid By Lc/Ms/Ms Analysis, Qingsu Xia, Xiaobo He, Qiang Shi, Ge Lin, Peter P. Fu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

High hydrostatic pressure processing (HPP) is a non-thermal pasteurization technology which has already been applied in the food industries. Besides maintaining the food safety and quality, HPP also has potential applications in the enhancement of the health benefits of food products. This study examines the current progress of research on the use of HPP in the development of health foods. Through HPP, the nutritional value of food products can be enhanced or retained, including promotes the biosynthesis of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the food materials, retains immunoglobulin components in dairy products, increases resistant starch content in cereals, and reduces the …

The Matrix Of Sds Integrated With Linear Hydrophilic Polymer For Resolution Of High- And Low-Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acids In Mekc, Kung-Hung Lin, Hwang-Shang Kou, Yi-Hui Lin, Chun-Chi Wang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults, when not effectively treated. The aim of this study was to discover new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of MN. A reliable mouse model of MN was used by the administration of cationic bovine serum albumin (cBSA). Mice with MN exhibited proteinuria, histopathological changes, and accumulation of immune complexes in the glomerular basement membrane. Label-free proteomics analysis was performed to identify changes in protein expression, and the overexpressed proteins were evaluated. There were 273 proteins that showed significantly different expression in mice with MN, as compared …

In Vitro And In Vivo Evaluation Of The Neuroprotective Activity Of Uncaria Hirsuta Haviland, Chien-Min Lin, Yi-Tzu Lin, Tai-Lin Lee, Zuha Imtiyaz, Wen-Chi Hou, Mei-Hsien Lee

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Hyaluronic acid (HA), a multi-functional material, has a high dispersion in molecular weight, and the functions of HA are determined through the size. Nevertheless, hyaluronic acid mixtures are not easily separated due to their polydispersity. In this study, a capillary electrophoresis strategy was developed for resolution of different molecular-weight HA without enzymatic digestion. Here, hyaluronic acid mixtures with low molecular weight (380 kD; LHA) and high molecular weight (2180 kD; HHA) were successfully resolved by the SDS integrated with low molecular-weight polymer in capillary electrophoresis. By optimizing experimental conditions, the separation of LHA and HHA was completed within 14 min. …

Neurodefend, A Novel Chinese Medicine, Attenuates Amyloid-Β And Tau Pathology In Experimental Alzheimer's Disease Models, Ashok Iyaswamy, Senthil Kumar Krishnamoorthi, Ju-Xian Song, Chuan-Bin Yang, Venkatapathy Kaliyamoorthy, Huan Zhang, Sravan G. Sreenivasmurthy, Sandeep Malampati, Zi-Ying Wang, Zhou Zhu, Benjamin Chun-Kit Tong, King-Ho Cheung, Jia-Hong Lu, Siva Sundara Kumar Durairajan, Min Li

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Higenamine (HG), a cardioactive component of some foods and medicines, has been listed in the doping category by the International Olympic Committee, which may lead to misuse by athletes. We report the development of a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method for determination of HG in various matrix samples (biological samples, different forms of Chinese patent medicine, Chinese herbal medicine) based on acylation derivatization of HG by heptafluorobutyric anhydride. Under optimal conditions, the linearity of HG in the range of 5–200 ng mL−1 was acceptable (R2 > 0.999), and the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) for HG was …

Determination Of Higenamine In Multi-Matrix By Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Combined With Derivatization Technology, Yan-Ru Feng, Bo Wang, Guo-Jun Li, Wei-Jun Kang, Kao-Qi Lian, Xin-Li Lu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) is widely used in food and medicine as a biodegradable polymer. However, its effects on inflammation profile and colon health are not well investigated. In the present study, CMC was given to mice to evaluate its possible effects on body weight, blood glucose level, inflammation factors, intestinal permeability and colon microbiota. Results showed that blood glucose level of CMC treated mice was relatively higher than control ones. Glucose tolerance test revealed that CMC treated mice presented higher peak glucose level and lower lag level. CMC treatment increased serum LDL-c level, decreased serum HDL-c and IL-10 level in …

Polysaccharide-Containing Fraction From Artemisia Argyi Inhibits Tumor Cell-Induced Platelet Aggregation By Blocking Interaction Of Podoplanin With C-Type Lectin-Like Receptor 2, Ching-Ping Tseng, Yu-Ling Huang, Yao-Wen Chang, Hsiang-Ruei Liao, Yu-Li Chen, Pei-Wen Hsieh

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies in Taiwan. Many risks factors induce liver chronic inflammation, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Mulberry fruits containing polyphenols to remove free radicals and mitigate inflammation has been reported to not only against gastric cancer, melanoma and leukemia but also prevent liver injury induced by alcohol or CCl4 in previous researches. The aim of this study is to examine whether Mulberry could inhibit hepatocarcinogenesis. In animal experiment, diethylnitrosamine (DEN) was used to induce hepatic tumorgenesis. After injecting DEN, the rats treated with mulberry water extracts (MWE) had less and smaller tumor …

Alleviating Chronic Kidney Disease Progression Through Modulating The Critical Genus Of Gut Microbiota In A Cisplatin-Induced Lanyu Pig Model, Ya-Jane Lee, Kuan-Yi Li, Pin-Jhu Wang, Hsiao-Wen Huang, Ming-Ju Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Antcins are unique phytosterols isolated from A. cinnamomea and A. salmomea, which are the endemic fungus of Taiwan. A. cinnamomea has long been highly valued medicinal mushroom in Taiwan and traditionally used as a folk remedy for various human illness. Recent scientific explorations claimed that the pharmacological activities of A. cinnamomea and A. salmomonea are gone beyond their original usage. The therapeutic efficacy of these medicinal mushrooms was attributed to their high content of unique bioactive secondary metabolites, including terpenoids, benzenoids, ubiquinol derivatives, polysaccharides, lignans, nucleic acids, steroids, and maleic/succinic acid derivatives. Antcins is a group of steroids in Antrodia …

Bioactive Peptides Attenuate Cardiac Hypertrophy And Fibrosis In Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat Hearts, Chih Yang Huang, Srinivasan Nithiyanantham, Jia Ying Liao, Wan Teng Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The incidence of neurodegeneration leading to the conditions such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases are on the increase, they require the approaches that focus on protection prevention rather than treatment. Plants are rich sources of many compounds which possess medicinal properties. We sought to investigate the neuroprotective effects of Uncaria hirsuta and its compounds on D-galactose-induced stress in BALB/c mice as well as 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced stress in mouse nerve growth factor (mNGF)-differentiated PC12 cells. Our results demonstrate that the 95% ethanol extract of U. hirsuta reversed the D-galactose-induced learning and memory dysfunctions and decreased the malodialdehyde levels. Furthermore, the isolated …

Mulberry Fruits Extracts Induce Apoptosis And Autophagy Of Liver Cancer Cell And Prevent Hepatocarcinogenesis In Vivo, Kwok-Chui Cheng, Chau-Jong Wang, Yun-Ching Chang, Tung-Wei Hung, Chun-Jung Lai, Chi-Wen Kuo, Hui-Pei Huang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

No abstract provided.

Biotransformation Of Mogrosides From Siraitia Grosvenorii By Ganoderma Lucidum Mycelium And The Purification Of Mogroside Iii E By Macroporous Resins, Chun-Hui Chiu, Reuben Wang, Shasha Zhuang, Pei-Yin Lin, Yi-Chen Lo, Ting-Jang Lu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

No abstract provided.

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-Based Analytical Strategies For Fatty Acid Analysis In Biological Samples, H.-H. Chiu, C.-H. Kuo

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Over the past few decades, phytochemicals widely present in edible plants have exhibited compelling positive biological impact on human health, including treating some cancers. In some cases, metabolites and artificially modified products of these natural compounds have shown better chemopreventive effects than their natural counterparts. Along with direct chemopreventive strategies using phytochemicals to treat cancer by leading to cell cycle arrest, autophagy and apoptosis, natural compounds have been shown to reverse adverse epigenetic regulation, including altering DNA methylation and histone modification, modulating miRNA expression, promoting expression of phase II enzyme for detoxification, balancing inflammation responses, recovering circadian rhythm from misalignment, …

A Mechanistic And Empirical Review Of Antcins, A New Class Of Phytosterols Of Formosan Fungi Origin, Kumar K.J. Senthil, Vani M. Gokila, Chieh-Yin Chen, Wen-Wei Hsiao, Jing Li, Zhan-Xi Lin, Fang-Hua Chu, Gow-Chin Yen, Sheng-Yang Wang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation (TCIPA) is a mechanism that involves the protection of tumor cells in the circulation and the promotion of tumor cell invasion and metastases. The C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2) that binds podoplanin (PDPN) is on the platelet surface and facilitates the TCIPA. Selective blockage of the PDPN-mediated platelet-tumor cell interaction is thereby a plausible strategy for inhibiting metastases. In a search for antagonists of PDPN- and tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation, traditional Chinese medicines were screened and it was found that the water extract of Artemisia argyi leaves selectively inhibited the PDPN-induced platelet aggregation. Bioactivity-guided fractionation analysis …

Recent Advances In Cancer Chemoprevention With Phytochemicals, Yen-Chun Koh, Chi-Tang Ho, Min-Hsiung Pan

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In the present study, we investigated the effects of Probiotic mix 1 (Pm1) with Lactobacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum, Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei, and Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus on preventing renal injury using a chronic kidney disease (CKD) minipig model previously developed in our lab using cisplatin-induced CKD in Lanyu pigs. The results indicated that the high dosage Pm1 (H.Pm1) group demonstrated lower incidence of lesions, including atrophy, mononuclear inflammation, cell infiltration, and interstitial fibrosis in renal tubules in hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson's trichrome stain. We further systematically investigated the preventing effect of Pm1. The H.Pm1 group decreased inflammatory …

Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Organochlorine Pesticides, And Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons In Snapper (Family Lutjanidae) From Cuba And The Wider Gulf Of Mexico, Brigid E. Carr

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The Snapper species assemblage is economically and environmentally important to all three countries bordering the Gulf of Mexico (GoM). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were investigated in seven snapper species located in the GoM, with a specific focus on the those caught along the northwestern coast of Cuba. Hepatic samples were processed using QuEChERs extraction methodology and analyzed using gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Nearly all fish included in this study contained detectable amounts of all three groups of these contaminants, regardless of location, and across all regions of the Gulf, indicating …

Hyaluronic Acid Coated Targeted Lipid Micellar Nanoparticle As A Delivery Vehicle For Lapatinib And Ketoconazole In Egfr Mutated Lung Cancer, Nadia Tasnim Ahmed

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Background: According to the American Cancer Society, lung cancer was accountable for over 142,000 deaths in the USA in 2019. Common mutations related to lung cancer mainly occur in TP53, EGFR, and KRAS genes. Lapatinib is a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor which acts reversibly on both epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Overexpression of EGFR leads to increased production and signaling of proteins that cause upregulation of cellular proliferation, cholesterol synthesis and resistance to apoptosis. Ketoconazole is an imidazole antifungal agent which works principally by inhibiting the enzyme cytochrome P450 14α-demethylase (CYP51A1) …

Toxin Transcripts In Crotalus Atrox Venom And In Silico Structures Of Toxins, Ying Jia, Ivan Lopez, Paulina Kowalski

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Biology)

The western diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox) is a common and widespread North American pit viper species, and its venom possesses medical applications. In this research, we identified 14 of the most common transcripts encoding 11 major venom toxins including transcripts for a three-finger toxin (3FTx) from the crude venom of C. atrox. In silico three-dimensional (3D) structures of 9 venom toxins were predicted by using deduced toxin amino acid sequences and a computer programme-MODELLER. The accuracy of all predicted toxin structures was evaluated by five stereochemical structure parameters including discrete optimised protein energy (DOPE) score, root mean square deviation (RMSD), …

Evaluation Of Analysis Of Cholesterol Oxidation Products And Heterocyclic Amines In Duck And Their Formation As Affected By Roasting Methods, Kai-Yu Hsu, Baskaran Stephen Inbaraj, Bing-Huei Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Roast duck, a popular meat commodity in Asian countries especially Taiwan and China, can produce many types of toxic compounds such as cholesterol oxidation products (COPs) and heterocyclic amines (HAs). The objectives of this study were to evaluate analysis of COPs and HAs in duck by GCeMS and UPLC-MS/MS respectively, and study their formation as affected by roasting methods including traditional oven, fan oven and superheated steam oven. Results showed that both high precision and accuracy was attained by using the QuEChERS method with reduced separation time of 14 min for 7 COPs and 4.5 min for 21 HAs by …

Preparation, Evaluation And Metabolites Study In Rats Of Novel Isoginkgetin-Loaded Tpgs/Soluplus Mixed Nanomicelles, Xue Feng, Yu-Ting Chen, Lu-Ya Li, Yu-Peng Sun, Hai-Rong Wang, Lan-Tong Zhang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

At present, cancer is one of the most lethal diseases in the world, and researchers are committed to developing effective anticancer drugs. Isoginkgetin (IGG) is a kind of biflavone with the potential to treat cancer due to the features of altering the cell cycle and inhibiting tumor cell infiltration. However, its solubility, absorbability and bioavailability are poor, so in this study, IGG was prepared into mixed nanomicelles and evaluated in vitro and in vivo. After condition optimization, IGG-loaded TPGS/soluplus mixed nanomicelles with particle size of 62.34 ± 1.10 nm, entrapment efficiency of 96.92 ± 0.66% and drug loading of 2.42 …