Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health Commons^™

La Flore Qui A Faim : Une Enquête Chimique, Biologique Et Culturelle De La Dimorphisme Rouge/Verte Et Les Applications Médicinales De Nepenthes Madagascariensis, Keirnan Willett

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Le Nepenthes madagascariensis est une plante carnivore endémique du côté sud-est de Madagascar qui attirent la proie arthropode (insectes, araignées etc.) en employant les bouts de feuilles convertis en forme des pichets ou urnes. Après d’être attiré par le suc au bord de l’urne, les insectes devint désorientés, perdent la traction et se coulent dans le liquide riche en enzymes digestifs au dessous (14). Les substances nutritives des cadavres sont absorbées par la plante en compensant pour la lacune d’azote dans le sol. Les couvercles des urnes expriment une couleur rouge ou verte. Notre étude examine les différences chimiques et …

Differences In Pah Tolerance Between Capitella Species: Underlying Biochemical Mechanisms, Lis Bach, Annemette Palmqvist, Lene Juel Rasmussen, Valery E. Forbes

Valery Forbes Publications

The polychaete Capitella capitata consists of a species complex within which differences in tolerance to tox­icants have been observed. For example, it has been shown that Capitella sp. S is more sensitive (e.g., in terms of survival, growth and reproduction) to PAH and other stressors than the more opportunistic Capi­tella sp. I, which is able to take up and biotransform the PAH fluoranthene (Flu). In the present study, an in­vestigation was performed to examine whether differences in tolerance between Capitella species sp. I and sp. S are due to differences in biotransformation, measured as the amount of Flu-metabolites produced by …

Expression Of G-Protein Inwardly Rectifying Potassium Channels (Girks) In Lung Cancer Cell Lines, Howard Plummer 3rd, Madhu Dhar, Maria Cekanova Ms, Rndr, Phd, Hildegard Schuller

Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology

BACKGROUND: Previous data from our laboratory has indicated that there is a functional link between the beta-adrenergic receptor signaling pathway and the G-protein inwardly rectifying potassium channel (GIRK1) in human breast cancer cell lines. We wanted to determine if GIRK channels were expressed in lung cancers and if a similar link exists in lung cancer. METHODS: GIRK1-4 expression and levels were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real-time PCR. GIRK protein levels were determined by western blots and cell proliferation was determined by a 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) assay. RESULTS: GIRK1 mRNA was expressed in three of six small …

Expression Of G-Protein Inwardly Rectifying Potassium Channels (Girks) In Lung Cancer Cell Lines, Howard Plummer 3rd, Madhu Dhar, Maria Cekanova Ms, Rndr, Phd, Hildegard Schuller

Maria Cekanova MS, RNDr, PhD

BACKGROUND: Previous data from our laboratory has indicated that there is a functional link between the beta-adrenergic receptor signaling pathway and the G-protein inwardly rectifying potassium channel (GIRK1) in human breast cancer cell lines. We wanted to determine if GIRK channels were expressed in lung cancers and if a similar link exists in lung cancer. METHODS: GIRK1-4 expression and levels were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real-time PCR. GIRK protein levels were determined by western blots and cell proliferation was determined by a 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) assay. RESULTS: GIRK1 mRNA was expressed in three of six small …

Post-Germination Changes In Hevea Brasiliensis Seeds Proteome, Wong Pooi Fong

Wong Pooi Fong

Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) and mass spectrometry methods were established and utilized to examine the changes in protein expressions associated with post-germination of Hevea brasiliensis seed. No significant differences in the total number of proteins were observed but characteristic protein spots were present in both proteomes. The mature dry seed proteome contained clusters of proteins of about 36.5 and 23 kDa at pH 4-7 and a group of basic proteins at similar to pH 10. The presence of the 23 kDa proteins was markedly reduced in the post-germinated seed proteome. Approximately 60% of the proteins noted in the germinated …

Risk And Consequence Analysis Focused On Biota Transfers Potentially Associated With Surface Water Diversions Between The Missouri River And Red River Basins, Greg Linder, Ed Little, Lynne Johnson, Chad Vishy, Bruce Peacock, Heather Goeddecke

Publications of the US Geological Survey

Section 1 provides a brief overview of the project, including a cursory summary of the history of the “Garrison Diversion” and how that history relates to this work focused on the analysis of risks and consequences potentially associated with interbasin biota transfers. The present study was initiated under the auspices of the Dakota Water Resources Act (DWRA) of 2000, which directed the Secretary of the Interior to conduct a comprehensive study of the water quality and quantity needs of the Red River Valley and the options for meeting those needs. As such, the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) requested technical support …

Effect Of Des-Aspartate-Angiotensin I On The Actions Of Angiotensin Ii In The Isolated Renal And Mesenteric Vasculature Of Hypertensive And Stz-Induced Diabetic Rats, Dharmani Devi A/P Murugan

Dharmani Devi A/P Murugan

The present study investigated the action of des-aspartate-angiotensin I (DAA-I) on the pressor action of angiotensin II in the renal and mesenteric vasculature of WKY, SHR and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Angiotensin II-induced a dose-dependent pressor response in the renal vasculature. Compared to the WKY, the pressor response was enhanced in the SHR and reduced in the STZ-induced diabetic rat. DAA-I attenuated the angiotensin II pressor action in renal vasculature of WKY and SHR. The attenuation was observed for DAA-I concentration as low as 10(-18) M and was more prominent in SHR. However, the ability of DAA-I to reduce angiotensin …

Manganese Distribution Across The Blood-Brain Barrier. Iv. Evidence For Brain Influx Through Store-Operated Calcium Channels, Janelle S. Crossgrove, Robert A. Yokel

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Manganese (Mn) is a required co-factor for many ubiquitous enzymes; however, chronic Mn overexposure can cause manganism, a parkinsonian-like syndrome. Previous studies showed Mn influx into brain is carrier-mediated, though the putative carrier(s) were not established. Studies conducted with cultured bovine brain microvascular endothelial cells (bBMECs), which comprise the blood–brain barrier, revealed ⁵⁴Mn (II) uptake positively correlated with pH, was temperature-dependent, and was sodium- and energy-independent. Brain ⁵⁴Mn uptake correlated inversely with calcium (Ca) concentration, but ⁴⁵Ca uptake was unaltered by high Mn concentration. Lanthanum (La), a non-selective inhibitor of several Ca channel types, as well as …

Prenatal Cocaine Exposure And Cardiac Programming, Soochan Bae

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Human epidemiological studies have shown a clear association of adverse intrauterine environment and an increased risk of ischemia heart disease in later adult life. Cocaine abuse during pregnancy has been shown to cause abnormities in the heart during fetal and postnatal development, but mechanisms underlying the detrimental effects of cocaine on the developing heart are not fully understood. The central hypothesis is that cocaine exposure during fetal development may cause in utero programming of apoptotic pathways, which may has lasting and prolong effect on heart development postnatally.

In a pregnant rat model, chronic hypoxia increased apoptosis in the fetal heart …

Protective Effects Of Ginseng Components In A Rodent Model Of Neurodegeneration (Abstract), Xiao-Yuan Lian, Zhizhen Zhang, Janet L. Stringer

NCPC Publications and Patents

No abstract provided.

Harmful Garden Plants In Western Australia, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia

Bulletins 4000 -

Many garden plants can cause harm. Some are commercially available and very popular; others are no longer readily available but still exist in older gardens; and yet others are favourite indoor ornamentals, cut-flowers, weeds, or even fruit and vegetables that we consume frequently, often without realising that other parts of those same plants are harmful.

It is impractical and unnecessary to remove from our gardens every single plant that could conceivably be harmful. A more sensible approach is to be aware of the potential danger of a particular plant, and then assess how much or how little risk it poses …

In Vitro Toxicity Of Cadmium Oxide Particles In Brl 3a Rat Liver Cells, Janice M. Shelley

Theses and Dissertations

For the last decade or so, in vitro toxicology has been studied as a method for determining human toxicity, as well as hazard identification and characterization. One purpose of in vitro studies is to determine the possibility of developing systems in which the toxicity of chemicals can be quantified, without heavy reliance on animal experimentation. Specific data pertaining to cadmium toxicity in humans through use of in vitro methods and models is sparse, at best. There is a need to complete more studies and collect more data to study particular chemicals and their effects and to complete proper evaluation and …

The Role Of Peroxidases In The Development Of Plants And Their Responses To Abiotic Stresses., Deborah Vicuna

Doctoral

Peroxidases and its effects on plants were analysed. Peroxidases are involved in many physiological processes in plants, involving responses to biotic and abiotic stresses and the biosynthesis of lignin. Liglin is a polymer responsible for rendering the plant stronger and more rigid and also making the cell walls hydrophobic. Peroxidases are involved in the polymerization of the precursors of lignin. They are also involved in the scavenging of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), which are partially reduced forms of atmospheric oxygen, highly reactive, and capable of causing oxidative damage to the cell. Peroxidases can be a source of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) …

Application Of Survival Analysis Methods To Pulsed Exposures: Exposure Duration, Latent Mortality, Recovery Time, And The Underlying Theory Of Survival Distribution Models, Yuan Zhao

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Ecotoxicologists adopted median lethal concentration (LC50) methods from mammalian toxicology. This conventional LC50 approach has shortcomings. Fixing the exposure duration and selecting the 50% mortality level result in loss of ecologically relevant information generated at all other times. It also ignores latent mortality that can manifest after exposure ends. as a result, it cannot adequately predict pulsed exposure effects in which concentration, duration, and frequency of pulses change through time. The underlying theory of the dose-response models used to calculate LC50 values, stochastic versus individual effective dose (IED) theory, has not been tested rigorously either. In this study, the effects …

Discovery Shook Medical, Pharmaceutical Industries, Aldemaro Romero Jr., David Gilmore

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Receptor Mediated Oral Delivery Of Bioencapsulated Green Fluorescent Protein Expressed In Transgenic Chloroplasts, Arati Limaye

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The skyrocketing costs of prescription medicine in developed countries and their lack of availability in developing countries are the most challenging problems of human health. Primary reasons for such high cost are fermentation-based production, expensive purification methods, the need for low temperature storage and transportation and the delivery through sterile injections. Most of these expenses could be minimized or eliminated when therapeutic proteins are expressed and orally delivered via plant cells. Chloroplasts have the machinery to fold complex and biologically active eukaryotic proteins in the soluble chloroplast stromal compartment. Protein expression through chloroplast transformation system offers a number of advantages …

Properties Testing Of The Retranslated Sf-36 (Thai Version)(การทดสอบคุณสมบัติของแบบสอบถาม Sf-36 ภาษาไทยฉบับแปลใหม่), Watcharee Leurmarnkul, Paranee Meetam

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Quality of life assessment is an outcome measurement that has been increasingly focused by clinicians. At present, SF-36 (Thai version) is a widely used instrument. We previously reported validation results of the SF-36 which was proved unsatisfactory on...

Evaluation Of Anticonvulsant Activity Of Valproyl Hydroxamic Acid(การประเมินฤทธิ์ต้านชักของกรดวาลโปรอิลไฮดรอกซามิก), Boonyong Tantisira, Mayuree H., Chamnan Patarapanich, Nalinrat Thongsathean

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Valproyl hydroxamic acid (VHA) is a novel derivative of valpromide, a pro-drug of valproic acid (VPA). Preliminary screening of VHA revealed its anticonvulsant activity against electrically induced convulsion in mice. Additional evaluation of its efficac...

Exploring Marine Biotoxins Using Analytical Techniques Based On Mass Spectrometry, Mónica Fernández Amandi

Theses

The impact of phycotoxins on human and animal health is of important concern for worldwide authorities and the scientific community. Domoic acid (DA) is a neurotoxin produced by phytoplankton {Pseudonitzchia spp.). It enters the food chain through the consumption of shellfish that feed on toxic diatoms. DA has been responsible for several outbreaks affecting humans and animals all around the world. Yessotoxin (YTX) is produced by dinoflagellate species {Protoceratiuni reticulatum) which are globally distributed. Its toxicity is low when ingested orally. However, the co-extraction of YTX with diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxins, derives false positives when the mouse bioassay is …

Analytical And Synthetic Methods For Anatoxins., Janet Crowley

Theses

This thesis is focused on the potent cyanobacterial neurotoxins anatoxin-a (AN), its methyl analogue homoanatoxin-a (HMAN) and their non-toxic dihydro- and epoxydegradation products. In commencing the investigation into this area a literature review was performed in order to identify areas where more research and method development was required (Chapter 1). The review highlighted the fact that although a number of analytical methods had been developed for the analysis of AN, there were few methods for the determination of its potent homologue HMAN and their non-toxic degradation products. As these neurotoxins degrade quickly it is important to monitor their degradation products, …

Bioprospecting, Philip A. Reed

STEMPS Faculty Publications

The article discusses that the product applications of bioprospecting are almost limitless. This area of biotechnology has been labeled bioprospecting, and it is a practice that is creating worldwide controversy. Defined simply, bioprospecting is "scientific research that looks for a useful application, process, or product in nature." However, as with most biotechnologies, the definition does not address the complexities of bioprospecting. Archeologists are finding that some biotechnologies, such as the use of herbs for medicine and the use of fermentation and yeast in food products, date back 5,000 to 10,000 years (De Miranda, 2004). The four main categories of biotechnologies …

An Inventory Of Rangelands In Part Of The Broome Shire, Western Australia, W E. Cotching

Technical Bulletins

The inventory of rangelands in part of the Broome Shire in Western Australia was undertaken by DAFWA between 1989 and 1990. It describes and maps the natural resources of the region’s pastoral leasehold land. This survey report provides a baseline record of the existence and condition of the natural area’s resources, to assist with the planning and implementation of land management practices. The report identified and described the condition of soils, landforms, vegetation, habitat, ecosystems, and declared plants and animals. It also assessed the impact of pastoralism and made land management recommendations. The survey of part of the Broome Shire …

Effects Of Monascus Colorants On The Mutagenicity Of Nitrite-Treated 1-Aminopyrene Using Ames Test(ผล ของส ีท ี่ได ้จ าก เชื้อ รา Monascus ต่อฤทธก,อ ก ล ายพ ัน ธ ุข อ ง..., Kalyarat Kruawan, Kaew Kangsadalampai, Busaba Yongsmith, Thayat Sriyapai

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

We studied the antimutagenicity of natural colorants synthesized by Monascus purpureus (ATCC 16365, NRRL 2897) and unidentified Monascus sp. (KB13.1, KB10M16 and KB20M10.2) against the reaction product (nitrite-treated 1-aminopyrene) produced from the re...

Comparison Of The Management Between Independent And Chain Drugstores In Municipal Area, Muang District, Chiang Mai Province(การเปรียบเทียบการบริหารจัดการร้านขายยา ระหว..., Chupen Viboonsunti, Poobate Keawpinta, Montree Sornbial, Eakarin Chadchuchaitip

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

The objective of this study was to compare the management of independent drugstores and chain drugstores in municipal area, Muang District, Chiang Mai Province. Interviews of thirty drugstores consisting twenty independent drugstores and ten chain drugst...

Anti-Heroes Simplex Virus Type 1 Activity Of Local Northeastern Plants(ฤทธิ์ต้าน Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 ของพืชผักท้องถิ่นในภาคอีสาน), Pannarat Akanitapichat, Aree Wangmaneerat, Nongnit Teerawatanasuk

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Eighty extracts sequentially percolated from forty local northeastern plants with dichloromethane- methanol (DCM'M, 1:1) and methanol were evaluated for in vitro anti-herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) activity. Using plaque reduction assay, 31 extracts...

Key Word Index, Author Index(ดรรชนีกุญแจคำ, ดรรชนีผู้แต่ง), N/A

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Access To Medicinal Plant Resources In Vietnam - A Fair And Equitable Sharing Of Benefits(การเข้าถึงทรัพยากรพืชสมุนไพรในเวียดนาม-การนำไปใช้ประโยช..., Tran Cong Khanh

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Abstract There are in Vietnam 3,830 registered medicinal plant species, apart from numerous ethno- medicinal plants which have not been sufficiently inventoried and documented. Traditional knowledge in using animals and plants for treatment and health ca...

Evaluation Of Piroxicam Gel Formulations: Comparison Between In Vitro Permeation, In Vivo Pharmacological And Skin Stripping Techniques(การประเมินสูตรตำรับไพรอกซิแคมเจล : การเปร..., Parkpoom Tengamnuay, Witthaya Janthasoot, Maytinee Limsiriwong

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Purpose. To evaluate the topical bioavailability and efficacy of various piroxicam gel products using in vitro permeation, in vivo pharmacological and skin stripping techniques and to compare these methods for possible correlation. Methods. Four commerci...

Skin Permeation Enhancement Of Ketoprofen Supersaturated Solutions With Antinucleant Polymers(การเพิ่มการซึมผ่านผิวหนังของสารละลายอิ่มตัวยิ่งยวดของ..., Tanasait Ngawhirunpat, Praneet Opanasopit, Suwannee Panomsuk, Theerasak Rojanarata, Usanee Kumprakrob

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Skin permeation enhancement of ketoprofen (KP) from supersaturated systems and effects of three antinucleant polymers, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (SCMC), on stability and skin permeat...

Antimutagenicity Of 4-Hexylresorcinol Against Urethane In Somatic Mutation And Recombination Test(ผลของการต้านฤทธิ์ก่อกลายพันธุ์ของ 4-เฮ็กซิลรีซอร์ซินอล..., Kaew Kangsadalampai, Suphaphan Soiphet

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

This study examined the effect of 50, 500 and 5000 ppm of 4-hexylresorcinol (4-HR) on the mutagenicity of 2500 ppm urethane (URE) through somatic mutation and recombination testing using a high bioactivation cross of Drosophila melanogaster as the indica...