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Full-Text Articles in Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health
Differing Functions Of Atr Kinase In Human Epidermal Keratinocytes Exposed To Ultraviolet B Radiation, Kavya Shaj
Differing Functions Of Atr Kinase In Human Epidermal Keratinocytes Exposed To Ultraviolet B Radiation, Kavya Shaj
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Ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad-3 related (ATR) is a DNA damage response protein kinase that is upregulated in various cancer cell types and has key roles in cell cycle progression, DNA repair and apoptosis. Small molecule ATR kinase inhibitors are of importance as antineoplastic agents because they sensitize cancer cells to DNA damaging chemotherapy drugs. However, only a few studies have looked at the effects of ATR kinase inhibitors on non-replicating cells, which constitute the majority of cells in the human body and have suggested an opposite, pro-apoptotic role for ATR kinase signaling in non-replicating cells in comparison to a pro-survival function …
Kinetics Of Microvesicle Particle Release In Keratinocytes, Pariksha Thapa
Kinetics Of Microvesicle Particle Release In Keratinocytes, Pariksha Thapa
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Microvesicle particles (MVPs) are subcellular particles that could be involved in inter-cellular communication because they carry various bioactive substances including cytokines. Previous studies from our lab has shown that that the lipid mediator Platelet-activating Factor (1-alkyl-2-acetyl-glycerophosphocholine; PAF) and ultraviolet B radiation (UVB) enhances the release of MVP in various cell types like primary keratinocytes, epithelial cell lines, and murine skin. We hypothesized that there may be synergistic increases in MVP release after combination of treatment of keratinocytes with UVB and PAF agonist (CPAF)/phorbol ester (PMA). The combination treatment significantly increases MVP and cytokine release at 4 to 8 hours time …
Regulation Of Microvesicle Particle Release In Keratinocytes, Azeezat Afolake Awoyemi
Regulation Of Microvesicle Particle Release In Keratinocytes, Azeezat Afolake Awoyemi
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Microvesicle particles (MVPs) are produced from cellular membranes and are thought to mediate cell-cell communication, including in response to stressors such as UVB radiation and thermal burn injury. Previous studies have shown that stress-induced MVP release requires the platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor in human keratinocytes and that pharmacological inhibition of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) blocked this release. To validate a genetic role for ASM in MVP release, we used CRISPR-Cas9 gene silencing in human keratinocytes and primary fibroblasts derived from ASM-knockout mice. Though MVP release was partially blocked in ASM-deficient mouse fibroblasts, the inability to fully knockdown ASM in HaCaT cells …
Thermal Burn Injury Induced Microvesicle Particle Release, Katherine Erin Fahy
Thermal Burn Injury Induced Microvesicle Particle Release, Katherine Erin Fahy
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Microvesicle particles (MVP) are found to be important for cellular communication because they contain many bioactive proteins, lipids, cytokines, and nucleic acids. We have previously found that ultraviolet B radiation (UVB) and a Platelet-activating factor agonist (CPAF) can stimulate the release of MVP in keratinocytes. We hypothesized that there may also be an increase in MVP released after thermal burn and that could be involved in pathogenesis of the systemic effects found in some patients. In this thesis various keratinocyte cell lines, mice and human ex vivo skin were used as model systems to test our hypotheses. It was determined …