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Articles 1 - 7 of 7
Full-Text Articles in Developmental Neuroscience
Microglia Refine Early Multisensory Circuits In The Lateral Cortex Of The Inferior Colliculus In A Complement-Dependent Manner, Shaida Hamidi
Microglia Refine Early Multisensory Circuits In The Lateral Cortex Of The Inferior Colliculus In A Complement-Dependent Manner, Shaida Hamidi
Masters Theses, 2020-current
Microglia cells (MGCs), the resident macrophage of the brain, play a pivotal role in synaptic pruning of newly established circuits during early critical periods. Classical complement cascade signaling enables MGCs to identify unnecessary or underutilized contacts and specifically target them for removal and subsequent degradation. Such recognition and engulfment behaviors require receptor-ligand interactions, whereby “eat me” tags (complement component 3, C3) bind their cognate receptor (complement receptor 3, CR3) expressed on MGCs. Compromised complement signaling in certain systems results in under-pruning or unrefined map configurations, and is thought perhaps to underlie certain autism-related behavioral phenotypes (e.g. sensory hypersensitivities, decreased social …
Investigating The Role Of Integrin Beta 3 In Dendritic Arborization In The Supragranular Developing Cerebral Cortex, Zachary Logan Holley
Investigating The Role Of Integrin Beta 3 In Dendritic Arborization In The Supragranular Developing Cerebral Cortex, Zachary Logan Holley
Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019
Integrin subunits have been implicated in axonal and dendritic outgrowth. In particular, a strong positive association has been found between mutations in integrin beta 3 (Itgb3) and autism spectrum disorder, but little is known about neuronal Itgb3 function in vivo. Many forms of autism spectrum disorder are thought to arise from dysfunctional dendritic arborization and synaptic pruning. Global knockout of Itgb3 in mice leads to autistic-like behaviors. Itgb3-/- mice also have reduced callosal volume, a key neuroanatomical correlate of autism. Here, we test the hypothesis that Itgb3 is required for normal dendritic arborization in layer II/III pyramidal …
Targeting Of Central Nucleus Projections To Extramodular Zones Of The Lateral Cortex Of The Inferior Colliculus In Developing Mouse, Isabel D. Lamb-Echegaray
Targeting Of Central Nucleus Projections To Extramodular Zones Of The Lateral Cortex Of The Inferior Colliculus In Developing Mouse, Isabel D. Lamb-Echegaray
Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019
The multimodal lateral cortex of the inferior colliculus (LCIC) exhibits a modular-extramodular micro-organization that is evident early in development. In addition to a set of neurochemical markers that reliably highlight its modular-extramodular organization, mature projection patterns in a variety of adult species suggest that major LCIC afferents also recognize and adhere to such a framework. This patch-matrix-like arrangement appears to segregate into distinct afferent streams, with somatosensory inputs targeting LCIC modules and auditory inputs targeting surrounding extramodular zones. Currently lacking is a detailed understanding of the development and shaping of multimodal LCIC afferents with respect to its modular-extramodular framework. The …
Complementary Multimodal Compartments In The Developing Inferior Colliculus, Roxana Behrooz
Complementary Multimodal Compartments In The Developing Inferior Colliculus, Roxana Behrooz
Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019
The auditory system is responsible for detecting, encoding, and deciphering hearing. The inferior colliculus (IC) is a major relay hub situated in the midbrain, that is subdivided into a central nucleus, and surrounding dorsal and lateral cortices. The central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (CNIC) is organized tonotopically based on a frequency gradient and strictly processes auditory information. In contrast, recent studies show that the lateral cortex of the inferior colliculus (LCIC) is actually multimodal, receiving inputs from not just auditory sources, but also somatosensory and visual structures. The precise organization of patterned inputs to the LCIC and their development …
Alignment Of Neurochemically Defined Modules In Multimodal Aspects Of The Mouse Inferior Colliculus., Chris H. Dillingham
Alignment Of Neurochemically Defined Modules In Multimodal Aspects Of The Mouse Inferior Colliculus., Chris H. Dillingham
Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019
Processing of sound requires precise coordination of various levels of the auditory system. Auditory reflexes and orientation behaviors require interactions with other systems and modalities, emphasizing the importance of highly organized integrative circuits. The inferior colliculus (IC) is a unique midbrain structure in that it exhibits aspects that are specifically arranged for processing auditory cues, as well as regions that handle multisensory inputs and thereby exhibit an entirely different organization. While the central nucleus of the IC (CNIC) is primarily auditory and arranged tonotopically, the lateral cortex (LCIC) is multimodal and exhibits a unique array of modular and extramodular fields. …
Multimodal Inputs And Modularity Of The Inferior Colliculus Prior To Audition., Joseph A. Balsamo
Multimodal Inputs And Modularity Of The Inferior Colliculus Prior To Audition., Joseph A. Balsamo
Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019
A fully functional nervous system requires assimilation of sensory modalities to adequately interpret stimuli and determine appropriate motor responses. Two such regions responsible for multimodal integration are found in the auditory system, the cochlear nucleus (CN) and the inferior colliculus (IC). The lateral cortex of the IC (LCIC) in particular receives a diverse multimodal input array to discrete modular/extramodular zones. Staining for certain neurochemicals, including GAD, a marker for GABAergic neurons, reveal this compartmentalized LCIC organization. The present study utilizes fluorescent anterograde tracttracing techniques to determine the development of a somatosensory brainstem projection from the spinal trigeminal nucleus (Sp5), to …
Sleep Deprivation And Voluntary Alcohol Consumption In Adolescent Rats, Sancho N. Sequeira
Sleep Deprivation And Voluntary Alcohol Consumption In Adolescent Rats, Sancho N. Sequeira
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
Alcohol is one of the most common psychoactive drugs, and has been used by humans for thousands of years. Research has focused on the effects of alcohol on sleep, however recent trends in the literature have taken a more bidirectional approach to the relationship between alcohol and sleep. This research investigates the effects of chronic, partial sleep deprivation on alcohol consumption. Twelve adolescent Sprague Dawley rats had free access to two bottles at all times, one containing water and one containing a 7% alcohol and water solution. Sleep deprivation was achieved by using a forced exercise wheel. All rats were …