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Articles 1 - 30 of 145
Full-Text Articles in Behavioral Neurobiology
Long-Term Effects Of Juvenile Ketamine And/Or Social Stress Exposure On Spatial Memory Performance In C57bl/6 Mice, Israel Garcia Carachure
Long-Term Effects Of Juvenile Ketamine And/Or Social Stress Exposure On Spatial Memory Performance In C57bl/6 Mice, Israel Garcia Carachure
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Ketamine is administered to manage major depressive disorder in adolescent patients. However, the long-term effects of juvenile ketamine exposure on memory-related tasks have not been thoroughly assessed. Thus, we examined whether exposure to ketamine, psychological stress, or both, results in long-lasting alterations in spatial memory in C57BL/6 mice. Furthermore, we evaluated how ketamine and/or psychological stress history influenced hippocampal protein kinase b¬–mammalian target of rapamycin (AKT-mTOR)-related signaling, since this molecular cascade is associated with ketamine’s acute/fast-acting antidepressant properties. Male and female postnatal day (PD)-35 mice underwent 10-days of vicarious defeat stress (VDS), a form of psychological stress, with or without …
Female Rats Display Greater Nicotine Withdrawal-Induced Cellular Activation Of A Central Portion Of The Interpeduncular Nucleus Versus Males: A Study Of Fos Immunoreactivity Within Provisionally Assigned Interpeduncular Subnuclei, Felix Matos-Ocasio, Veronika Espinoza, Paola Correa-Alfonzo, Arshad Khan, Laura O'Dell
Female Rats Display Greater Nicotine Withdrawal-Induced Cellular Activation Of A Central Portion Of The Interpeduncular Nucleus Versus Males: A Study Of Fos Immunoreactivity Within Provisionally Assigned Interpeduncular Subnuclei, Felix Matos-Ocasio, Veronika Espinoza, Paola Correa-Alfonzo, Arshad Khan, Laura O'Dell
Selected Works Temporary Series
No abstract provided.
Female Rats Display Greater Nicotine Withdrawal-Induced Cellular Activation Of A Central Portion Of The Interpeduncular Nucleus Versus Males: A Study Of Fos Immunoreactivity Within Provisionally Assigned Interpeduncular Subnuclei, Matos-Ocasio, Veronika Espinoza, Paola Correa-Alfonzo, Arshad Khan, Laura O'Dell
Female Rats Display Greater Nicotine Withdrawal-Induced Cellular Activation Of A Central Portion Of The Interpeduncular Nucleus Versus Males: A Study Of Fos Immunoreactivity Within Provisionally Assigned Interpeduncular Subnuclei, Matos-Ocasio, Veronika Espinoza, Paola Correa-Alfonzo, Arshad Khan, Laura O'Dell
Departmental Papers (Biology)
No abstract provided.
Behavioral Ecology Of A Desert Ambush Predator: Assessing Movement Patterns, Habitat And Microhabitat Use, And The Innate Feeding Response Of Eastern Black-Tailed Rattlesnakes (Crotalus Ornatus) In The Northern Chihuahuan Desert, James Emerson
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Research on the ecology and evolution of rattlesnakes has been sporadic over the past 80 years, but has seen recent expansion into the diverse fields of physiology, physiological ecology, life history, behavioral ecology, ethology, reproductive biology, chemical ecology, venom biochemistry and medicine, conservation, and many other subdisciplines. The development of small, implantable VHF radiotransmitters in the 1980s revolutionized research in the field of behavioral ecology for rattlesnakes, which are uniquely suited for radiotelemetry studies because they possess several morphological, physiological, and behavioral characteristics that are unique among terrestrial vertebrates. The widespread application of radiotelemetry by the mid-1980s advanced the model …
Ketamine Pre-Exposure Does Not Influence Later-Life Responses To Reward-Related Stimuli In Female C57bl/6 Mice, Israel Garcia
Ketamine Pre-Exposure Does Not Influence Later-Life Responses To Reward-Related Stimuli In Female C57bl/6 Mice, Israel Garcia
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Preclinical work indicates that exposure to traditional antidepressant medications, in adolescent and adult female subjects, alters reward-related behavior later in life. In recent years, the anesthetic ketamine (KET), now used as a fast-acting antidepressant, has shown promising therapeutic efficacy for the management of depression. However, the potential long-term behavioral consequences of KET exposure across development have not been thoroughly assessed. Thus, to address this issue, we examined if KET exposure, during adolescence or early adulthood, results in enduring alterations in responsivity to the rewarding properties of sucrose and cocaine later in life. Specifically, female C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to …
Overexpression Of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor In The Nucleus Accumbens Enhances The Reinforcing Effects Of Nicotine In Female Versus Male Rats., Uribe, Victor Correa, Briana Pinales, Rodolfo Flores, Bryan Cruz, Zhiyin Shan, Adriaan Bruijnzeel, Arshad Khan, Laura O'Dell
Overexpression Of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor In The Nucleus Accumbens Enhances The Reinforcing Effects Of Nicotine In Female Versus Male Rats., Uribe, Victor Correa, Briana Pinales, Rodolfo Flores, Bryan Cruz, Zhiyin Shan, Adriaan Bruijnzeel, Arshad Khan, Laura O'Dell
Departmental Papers (Biology)
This study assessed the role of stress systems in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) in promoting sex differences in the reinforcing effects of nicotine. Intravenous self-administration (IVSA) of various doses of nicotine was compared following overexpression of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in the NAc of female and male rats. Ovariectomized (OVX) females were also included to assess the role of ovarian hormones in promoting nicotine reinforcement. Rats received intra-NAc administration of an adeno-associated vector that overexpressed CRF (AAV2/5-CRF) or green fluorescent protein (AAV2/5-GFP). All rats were then given extended access (23 h/day) to an inactive and an active lever that delivered nicotine. …
U.S. Perceptions Of Economic Mobility Since The Enactment Of Nafta And Their Impact On American Politics And Society, Jairemy Quinton Edwards
U.S. Perceptions Of Economic Mobility Since The Enactment Of Nafta And Their Impact On American Politics And Society, Jairemy Quinton Edwards
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
In this study, I examine how perceptions of NAFTA developed over 20 years since its enactment, measured as perceived economic mobility in 2016, have affected more recent public perceptions leading to increased, controversial tendencies towards nationalism, protectionism, and pessimism about the future of the U.S. economy. I then assess whether and how such perceptions in turn may have affected voter perceptions about Donald Trump, setting the stage for his 2016 election victory. Therein, I have found that among U.S. voters in 2016, those with perceptions of reduced economic mobility since the enactment of NAFTA were significantly more likely to have …
The Language Content Of Computer-Mediated Versus Face-To-Face Motivational-Type Interviews, Karla Deyanira Llanes
The Language Content Of Computer-Mediated Versus Face-To-Face Motivational-Type Interviews, Karla Deyanira Llanes
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Motivational Interviewing (MI) is an extensively used technique to facilitate behavior change by increasing a person's own motivation and commitment toward change. Recently, several innovative and effective ways to conduct motivational interviews have emerged. However, one potential option has not been investigated: the utility of conducting a motivational interview via computer. The current study begins to address this gap in knowledge by comparing the language content of computer-mediated motivational-type interviews and face-to-face motivational-type interviews. The motivational-type interviews were conducted with young adults who reported ambivalence about their level of recreational marijuana use. Specifically, non-marijuana users, occasional marijuana users, and frequent …
Contextual Fear Retrieval-Induced Fos Expression Across Early Development In The Rat: An Analysis Using Established Nervous System Nomenclature Ontology, Anthony Santarelli, Arshad Khan, Andrew Poulos
Contextual Fear Retrieval-Induced Fos Expression Across Early Development In The Rat: An Analysis Using Established Nervous System Nomenclature Ontology, Anthony Santarelli, Arshad Khan, Andrew Poulos
Selected Works Temporary Series
No abstract provided.
Contextual Fear Retrieval-Induced Fos Expression Across Early Development In The Rat: An Analysis Using Established Nervous System Nomenclature Ontology, Santarelli, Arshad Khan, Andrew Poulos
Contextual Fear Retrieval-Induced Fos Expression Across Early Development In The Rat: An Analysis Using Established Nervous System Nomenclature Ontology, Santarelli, Arshad Khan, Andrew Poulos
Departmental Papers (Biology)
No abstract provided.
Functional Investigation Of A Brainstem Excitatory Connection Relevant To Sensorimotor Gating, Luis Enrique Martinetti
Functional Investigation Of A Brainstem Excitatory Connection Relevant To Sensorimotor Gating, Luis Enrique Martinetti
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
To focus attention, our brain has to "gate" or block irrelevant sensory information that could lead to brain overload. This is done by way of a neuronal pre-attentive mechanism termed sensorimotor gating (SG). Therefore, deficits in the SG mechanism prevent patients from focusing attention. SG deficits have been observed in patients suffering from various neurological disorders, and it is a hallmark of schizophrenia. Previous work has identified key brain areas, such as the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTg), that send inputs to the brainstem to regulate SG. However, there is still a knowledge gap concerning what cell types are involved and …
Insulin Modulates The Strong Reinforcing Effects Of Nicotine And Changes In Insulin Biomarkers In A Rodent Model Of Diabetes, Bryan Cruz
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
This study examined whether the strong reinforcing effects of nicotine and changes in insulin biomarkers observed in diabetic rats are modulated via insulin. A model of diabetes was employed involving administration of streptozotocin (STZ), which produces hypoinsulinemia in rats. The present study included vehicle- or STZ-treated rats that received sham surgery or an insulin pellet. Two-weeks later, the rats were given extended access to intravenous self-administration (IVSA) of saline or nicotine. Concomitant changes in food intake, water responses, and body weight were assessed during 12 days of IVSA. After the last session, plasma levels of insulin, leptin, amylin, and glucagon-like …
Octopamine In Sexual Behavior, Ana Isabel Fernandez
Octopamine In Sexual Behavior, Ana Isabel Fernandez
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Octopamine is a biogenic amine neuromodulator present in neuronal and non-neuronal tissues in invertebrates (Roeder, 1999). It modulates numerous physiological processes such as motivation, pheromone response, olfaction, ovulation, learning and memory. Octopamine together with its precursor tyramine have roles restricted only to invertebrates (Roeder, 1999). It is believed that octopamine is the invertebrate homolog of norepinephrine, a catecholamine present in mammals that acts as a neuromodulator in the sympathetic and central nervous systems. Both octopamine and norepinephrine are derived from the same amino acid tyrosine and are monoamine neurotransmitters. The main objective of this study is to understand the role …
A Behavioral And Neuroimmune System Model Of The Effects Of Chronic Low-Level Lead Exposure In Young Male C57bl/6j Mice, Mayra Gisel Flores-Montoya
A Behavioral And Neuroimmune System Model Of The Effects Of Chronic Low-Level Lead Exposure In Young Male C57bl/6j Mice, Mayra Gisel Flores-Montoya
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Chronic low-level lead exposure reduces memory in children however the brain mechanisms mediating these effects are not known. In previous studies we showed that early lead exposure reduced olfactory memory and exploratory behavior in young mice, and reduced microglia cell density in hippocampus/dentate gyrus. The present studies aimed to identify additional behavioral tests that were sensitive to early low-level lead exposure in young mice; and to examine whether microglia upregulated factors known to promote cell migration. Seventy-two C57BL/6J male mice were exposed to 0 ppm (controls), 30 ppm (low-dose), or 430 ppm (high-dose) of lead acetate via dams' milk from …
Characterization Of Sex Differences In The Reinforcing Effects Of Nicotine, Rodolfo Jesus Flores Garcia
Characterization Of Sex Differences In The Reinforcing Effects Of Nicotine, Rodolfo Jesus Flores Garcia
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
It is presently unclear whether ovarian hormones, such as estradiol (E2) promote the reinforcing effects of nicotine in females. Thus, we compared extended access to nicotine intravenous self-administration (IVSA) in intact male, intact female, and OVX female rats (Study 1) as well as OVX females that received vehicle or E2 supplementation (Study 2). The E2 supplementation procedure involved a 4-day procedure involving 2 days of vehicle administration and 2 days of E2 administration. Two doses of E2 (25 or 250 ug) were assessed in separate groups of OVX females in order to examine the dose-dependent effects of this hormone on …
Predatory Behavior And Neuroanatomy Of The Sessile Rotifer, Cupelopagis Vorax , Elizabeth Preza
Predatory Behavior And Neuroanatomy Of The Sessile Rotifer, Cupelopagis Vorax , Elizabeth Preza
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Predator-prey interactions contribute to the evolution of behavioral and morphological characteristics of species. However, research on zooplankton has mainly focused on planktonic species such Mesocyclops edax (Arthropoda, Cyclopoida) and Asplanchna spp. (Rotifera, Ploima). Cupelopagis vorax (Rotifera, Collothecaceae) provides a unique model for studying the predatory behavior of a sessile species. Cupelopagis was chosen because it is the only rotifer known to exhibit rheotaxic behaviors in the presence of prey and because it undergoes indirect development where non-feeding, free-swimming larvae mature into feeding adults. The integration of behavioral techniques, immunohistochemistry, and confocal microscopy were used to provide insight as to how …
Elucidation Of The Anatomy Of A Satiety Network: Focus On Connectivity Of The Parabrachial Nucleus In The Adult Rat, Györgyi Zséli, Barbara Vida, Anais Martinez, Ronald Lechan, Arshad Khan, Csaba Fekete
Elucidation Of The Anatomy Of A Satiety Network: Focus On Connectivity Of The Parabrachial Nucleus In The Adult Rat, Györgyi Zséli, Barbara Vida, Anais Martinez, Ronald Lechan, Arshad Khan, Csaba Fekete
Selected Works Temporary Series
We hypothesized that brain regions showing neuronal activation after refeeding comprise major nodes in a satiety network, and tested this hypothesis with two sets of experiments. Detailed c-Fos mapping comparing fasted and refed rats was performed to identify candidate nodes of the satiety network. In addition to well-known feeding-related brain regions such as the arcuate, dorsomedial, and paraventricular hypothalamic nuclei, lateral hypothalamic area, parabrachial nucleus (PB), nucleus of the solitary tract and central amygdalar nucleus, other referring activated regions were also identified, such as the parastrial and parasubthalamic nuclei. To begin to understand the connectivity of the satiety network, the …
Elucidation Of The Anatomy Of A Satiety Network: Focus On Connectivity Of The Parabrachial Nucleus In The Adult Rat, Zséli, Barbara Vida, Anais Martinez, Ronald Lechan, Arshad Khan, Csaba Fekete
Elucidation Of The Anatomy Of A Satiety Network: Focus On Connectivity Of The Parabrachial Nucleus In The Adult Rat, Zséli, Barbara Vida, Anais Martinez, Ronald Lechan, Arshad Khan, Csaba Fekete
Departmental Papers (Biology)
We hypothesized that brain regions showing neuronal activation after refeeding comprise major nodes in a satiety network, and tested this hypothesis with two sets of experiments. Detailed c-Fos mapping comparing fasted and refed rats was performed to identify candidate nodes of the satiety network. In addition to well-known feeding-related brain regions such as the arcuate, dorsomedial, and paraventricular hypothalamic nuclei, lateral hypothalamic area, parabrachial nucleus (PB), nucleus of the solitary tract and central amygdalar nucleus, other referring activated regions were also identified, such as the parastrial and parasubthalamic nuclei. To begin to understand the connectivity of the satiety network, the …
Mental Health Help-Seeking Intention And Organizational Climate In A Population Of Military Service Members, Mishaw Tyron Cuyler
Mental Health Help-Seeking Intention And Organizational Climate In A Population Of Military Service Members, Mishaw Tyron Cuyler
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Historically, psychological effects of war such as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) have been understated and misdiagnosed throughout the world. Military members that displayed symptoms of PTSD such as anxiety, depression, and sadness were thought to lack the strength and courage necessary to be a soldier. As a result, many soldiers suffering from symptoms of PTSD would suffer in silence and not seek the requisite help for mental health care. This Dissertation examines the mental health help-seeking intention of U.S. military service members using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Additionally, this Dissertation considers the effects that leadership support climate …
The Role Of The Dopamine/Ecdysteroid Receptor Dopecr In Ethanol Induced Behavioral Disinhibition, Gissel Pryscilla Aranda
The Role Of The Dopamine/Ecdysteroid Receptor Dopecr In Ethanol Induced Behavioral Disinhibition, Gissel Pryscilla Aranda
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Ethanol, a main active ingredient of alcoholic beverages, exerts numerous effects on behavior through its interaction with diverse membrane and signaling molecules and effector cells. The effects include lack of motor control, behavioral disinhibition, tolerance, sensitization and addiction. In particular, behavioral disinhibition is typically associated with heavy drinking and can lead to detrimental consequences such as car accidents, violent rages, risky sexual behavior and illegal substance abuse. This research aimed to clarify the neural elements and cellular mechanisms underlying behavioral disinhibition induced by ethanol. The neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) is implicated in ethanol-induced behavioral disinhibition (Van Gaalen et al., 2006). To …
Differences In Stress Biomarkers In Women With High And Low Stress Appraisal, Clarissa Sara Gomez
Differences In Stress Biomarkers In Women With High And Low Stress Appraisal, Clarissa Sara Gomez
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Measures of physiological biomarkers have been widely used in the field of stress research to explain how stress negatively impacts health outcomes. Women in particular have been shown to be more at risk for developing physiological and psychological stress-induced conditions (e.g., hypertension, depression) due to hormonal differences (Kirschbaum et al., 1992), but more importantly, because of their appraisal of stressful events (Schamus et al., 2008). Few studies however have examined whether womenâ??s stress appraisal is predictive of stress reactivity, as measured by stress biomarkers, during stressful events. The goal of this study was to examine whether stress appraisal predicted stress …
Rare Pride Campaigns: Evaluating Participatory Communication In Conservation Efforts Throughout Indonesia, Lauren Elizabeth Perez
Rare Pride Campaigns: Evaluating Participatory Communication In Conservation Efforts Throughout Indonesia, Lauren Elizabeth Perez
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Communication scholars who study international development and social change have found that if facilitators of social change hope to find positive, lasting solutions to complex social and environmental issues, they must incorporate more participatory approaches. However, even the practitioners with the most noble intentions oftentimes fall short of facilitating truly participatory practices because their strategies are the product of linear processes for evaluating the change context. In this study, I apply Lennie and Tacchi's (2014) approach to evaluating communication for development in a case study of Pride Campaigns implemented by managers throughout Indonesia who partnered with the conservation non-governmental organization …
Enhanced Nicotine Self-Administration And Suppressed Dopaminergic Systems In A Rat Model Of Diabetes, Laura O'Dell
Enhanced Nicotine Self-Administration And Suppressed Dopaminergic Systems In A Rat Model Of Diabetes, Laura O'Dell
Selected Works Temporary Series
Patients with diabetes display a heightened propensity to use tobacco; however, it is unclear whether they experience enhanced rewarding effects of nicotine. Thus, this study examined the reinforcing effects of nicotine in a rodent model of diabetes involving administration of streptozotocin (STZ), a drug that is toxic to pancreatic insulin-producing cells. The first study compared STZ- and vehicle-treated rats that had 23-hour access to intravenous self-administration (IVSA) of nicotine or saline and concomitant access to food and water. In order to examine the contribution of dopamine to our behavioral effects, dopamine transporter (DAT), D1 and D2 receptor levels were compared …
Enhanced Nicotine Self-Administration And Suppressed Dopaminergic Systems In A Rat Model Of Diabetes, Laura O'Dell
Enhanced Nicotine Self-Administration And Suppressed Dopaminergic Systems In A Rat Model Of Diabetes, Laura O'Dell
Departmental Papers (Psych)
Patients with diabetes display a heightened propensity to use tobacco; however, it is unclear whether they experience enhanced rewarding effects of nicotine. Thus, this study examined the reinforcing effects of nicotine in a rodent model of diabetes involving administration of streptozotocin (STZ), a drug that is toxic to pancreatic insulin-producing cells. The first study compared STZ- and vehicle-treated rats that had 23-hour access to intravenous self-administration (IVSA) of nicotine or saline and concomitant access to food and water. In order to examine the contribution of dopamine to our behavioral effects, dopamine transporter (DAT), D1 and D2 receptor levels were compared …
Behavioral, Biochemical, And Molecular Indices Of Stress Are Enhanced In Female Versus Male Rats Experiencing Nicotine Withdrawal, Laura O'Dell
Selected Works Temporary Series
Stress is a major factor that promotes tobacco use and relapse during withdrawal. Although women are more vulnerable to tobacco use than men, the manner in which stress contributes to tobacco use in women versus men is unclear.Thus, the goal of this study was to compare behavioral and biological indices of stress in male and female rats during nicotine withdrawal. Since the effects of nicotine withdrawal are age-dependent, this study also included adolescent rats. An initial study was conducted to provide comparable nicotine doses across age and sex during nicotine exposure and withdrawal. Rats received sham surgery or an osmotic …
Behavioral, Biochemical, And Molecular Indices Of Stress Are Enhanced In Female Versus Male Rats Experiencing Nicotine Withdrawal, Laura O'Dell
Departmental Papers (Psych)
Stress is a major factor that promotes tobacco use and relapse during withdrawal. Although women are more vulnerable to tobacco use than men, the manner in which stress contributes to tobacco use in women versus men is unclear.Thus, the goal of this study was to compare behavioral and biological indices of stress in male and female rats during nicotine withdrawal. Since the effects of nicotine withdrawal are age-dependent, this study also included adolescent rats. An initial study was conducted to provide comparable nicotine doses across age and sex during nicotine exposure and withdrawal. Rats received sham surgery or an osmotic …
Influences Of Ecological Light Pollution On Advertisement Calls Of Spea Multiplicata (Amphibia: Anura: Scaphiopodidae) In Rural And Urban Populations In The Northern Chihuahuan Desert And An Evaluation Of Hybrid S. Bombifrons X S. Multiplicata Calls, Katie Anderson
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Spea is a genus of toad-like, arid adapted frogs distributed throughout much of the western U.S. and northern Mexico. Two species, (S. Bombifrons and S. Multiplicata) are syntopic throughout most of the northern Chihuahuan Desert, a region that is experiencing rapid urbanization. For this study, I examined 936 male advertisement calls from urban and rural populations of S. multiplicata, and a rural population of S. bombifrons in west Texas and south-central New Mexico. Advertisement calls from urban and rural S. multiplicata were compared against light level to assess the potential influence ecological light pollution plays in sexual …
Chronic Ethanol Exposure Causes Disinhibited Behavior In Drosophila, Estrella Padilla, Kyung-An Han
Chronic Ethanol Exposure Causes Disinhibited Behavior In Drosophila, Estrella Padilla, Kyung-An Han
COURI Symposium Abstracts, Summer 2012
Ethanol consumption is frequently associated with disinhibited sexual and locomotor behaviors in humans. Dopamine, a major monoamine found in vertebrates and invertebrates, is implicated in these processes since it regulates motivation, reward, motor control, and sexual behaviors. The goal of this study is to elucidate the role of dopamine in ethanol-associated behavioral disinhibition using the genetically tractable model system Drosophila melanogaster. Previous studies have shown a requirement for normal dopamine neurotransmission for ethanol-induced courtship disinhibition. Furthermore, genetic manipulation of the dopamine system revealed that D1 receptor activity is important for disinhibition and D2 for sensitization. The current study focuses …
Effect Of Nicotine On Body Composition, Laura O'Dell
Effect Of Nicotine On Body Composition, Laura O'Dell
Selected Works Temporary Series
No abstract provided.
Effect Of Nicotine On Body Composition, Laura O'Dell
Effect Of Nicotine On Body Composition, Laura O'Dell
Departmental Papers (Psych)
No abstract provided.