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Full-Text Articles in Virology
Analysis Of Host Factors Involved In Regulating Hiv-1-Induced Syncytium Formation, Emily Elizabeth Whitaker
Analysis Of Host Factors Involved In Regulating Hiv-1-Induced Syncytium Formation, Emily Elizabeth Whitaker
Graduate College Dissertations and Theses
Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a retrovirus and the causative agent of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). HIV-1 can spread through multiple modes of transmission including cell-to-cell transmission between CD4+ T cells at a transient junction known as the virological synapse (VS). The VS forms upon HIV-1 Envelope (Env) on the surface of an infected (producer) cell binding CD4 on an uninfected (target) cell. While the VS typically resolves with complete cell separation and transfer of virus particles, Env can occasionally facilitate cell-cell fusion at this site, forming a multinucleated infected cell (syncytium). Excessive syncytium formation is prevented by …
Characterization Of Higher Order Chromatin Structures And Chromatin States In Cell Models Of Human Herpesvirus Infection, Michael Mariani
Characterization Of Higher Order Chromatin Structures And Chromatin States In Cell Models Of Human Herpesvirus Infection, Michael Mariani
Graduate College Dissertations and Theses
Human herpesviruses are ubiquitous pathogens worldwide with 90% of the global population infected with one or more Human herpesviruses (HHV’s) by adulthood. All herpesviruses have three unique life cycle stages. Upon resolution of a primary acute stage infection, they can establish a latent stage infection within the host cell nucleus. This stage is characterized primarily by transcriptional quiescence of the viral genome. Specific physiological conditions (e.g., cell stress) can cause the latent virus to enter the reactivation stage, often many years after resolution of the acute infection, in which the virus becomes replicationally active again. HHV’s are known to cause …