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Full-Text Articles in Virology
Azidothymidine And Interferon-Α Induce Apoptosis In Herpesvirus-Associated Lymphomas, Richard K. Lee, Jian-Ping Cai, Vadim Deyev, Parkash Gill, Lisa Cabral, Charles Wood, Ram Agarwal, Wenle Xia, Lawrence Boise, Eckhard Podack, William Harrington Jr.
Azidothymidine And Interferon-Α Induce Apoptosis In Herpesvirus-Associated Lymphomas, Richard K. Lee, Jian-Ping Cai, Vadim Deyev, Parkash Gill, Lisa Cabral, Charles Wood, Ram Agarwal, Wenle Xia, Lawrence Boise, Eckhard Podack, William Harrington Jr.
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Lymphoproliferative diseases that occur in immunocompromised patients are frequently associated with herpesviruses. These patients often fare poorly after treatment with conventional chemotherapy. We reported previously that patients with AIDS-related Burkitt’s lymphoma (BL) responded to parenteral azidothymidine (AZT) and IFN-α. We found that EBV-positive lymphoma cells derived from these patients cultured with AZT express CD95 and undergo apoptosis. AZT-mediated apoptosis was caspase dependent and occurred despite Fas receptor blockade. In contrast, EBV-negative lymphomas were resistant to AZT-induced apoptosis, as were EBV-positive lymphomas that expressed high levels of bcl-2. Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) cell lines infected with human herpesvirus type 8 required …
Lymphotropic Virions Affect Chemokine Receptor-Mediated Neural Signaling And Apoptosis: Implications For Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Associated Dementia, Jialin Zheng, Anuja Ghorpade, Douglas Niemann, Robin L. Cotter, Michael R. Thylin, Leon Epstein, Jennifer Swartz, Robin B. Shepard, Xiaojuan Liu, Adeline Nukuna, Howard E. Gendelman
Lymphotropic Virions Affect Chemokine Receptor-Mediated Neural Signaling And Apoptosis: Implications For Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Associated Dementia, Jialin Zheng, Anuja Ghorpade, Douglas Niemann, Robin L. Cotter, Michael R. Thylin, Leon Epstein, Jennifer Swartz, Robin B. Shepard, Xiaojuan Liu, Adeline Nukuna, Howard E. Gendelman
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Chemokine receptors pivotal for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in lymphocytes and macrophages (CCR3, CCR5, and CXCR4) are expressed on neural cells (microglia, astrocytes, and/or neurons). It is these cells which are damaged during progressive HIV-1 infection of the central nervous system. We theorize that viral coreceptors could effect neural cell damage during HIV-1-associated dementia (HAD) without simultaneously affecting viral replication. To these ends, we studied the ability of diverse viral strains to affect intracellular signaling and apoptosis of neurons, astrocytes, and monocyte-derived macrophages. Inhibition of cyclic AMP, activation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, and apoptosis were induced by diverse …
Broad-Spectrum Protection Against Tombusviruses Elicited By Defective Interfering Rnas In Transgenic Plants, Teresa Rubio, Marise Borja, Herman Scholthof, Paul A. Feldstein, Thomas Jack Morris, Andrew O. Jackson
Broad-Spectrum Protection Against Tombusviruses Elicited By Defective Interfering Rnas In Transgenic Plants, Teresa Rubio, Marise Borja, Herman Scholthof, Paul A. Feldstein, Thomas Jack Morris, Andrew O. Jackson
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
We have designed a DNA cassette to transcribe defective interfering (DI) RNAs of tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) and have investigated their potential to protect transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants from tombusvirus infections. To produce RNAs with authentic 5’ and 3’ termini identical to those of the native B10 DI RNA, the DI RNA sequences were flanked by ribozymes (RzDI). When RzDI RNAs transcribed in vitro were mixed with parental TBSV transcripts and inoculated into protoplasts or plants, they became amplified, reduced the accumulation of the parental RNA, and mediated attenuation of the lethal syndrome characteristic of TBSV infections. Analysis of …
Multicenter Comparison Of Pcr Assays For Detection Of Human Herpesvirus 8 Dna In Semen, Philip E. Pellett, Thomas J. Spira, Omar Bagasra, Chris Boshoff, Lawrence Corey, Laura De Lellis, Meei-Li Huang, Jung-Chung Lin, Steve Matthews, Paolo Monini, Paola Romessi, Carlos Sosa, Charles Wood, John A. Stewart
Multicenter Comparison Of Pcr Assays For Detection Of Human Herpesvirus 8 Dna In Semen, Philip E. Pellett, Thomas J. Spira, Omar Bagasra, Chris Boshoff, Lawrence Corey, Laura De Lellis, Meei-Li Huang, Jung-Chung Lin, Steve Matthews, Paolo Monini, Paola Romessi, Carlos Sosa, Charles Wood, John A. Stewart
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Reported prevalences of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) (Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus) in semen have ranged widely. This is possibly due to differences in assay sensitivity, geographic or population-based differences in the true presence of the virus in semen, and PCR contamination. This study assessed interlaboratory sensitivity and reproducibility in the analysis of blinded experimental panels, each consisting of 48 specimens and being composed of semen specimens from different healthy artificial-insemination donors (n = 30) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients (n= 7) plus positive (n = 4) and negative (n = 7) controls. The experimental panels analyzed in each laboratory were …
Interferon Regulatory Factor 2 Represses The Epstein-Barr Virus BamHi Q Latency Promoter In Type Iii Latency, Luwen Zhang, Joseph S. Pagano
Interferon Regulatory Factor 2 Represses The Epstein-Barr Virus BamHi Q Latency Promoter In Type Iii Latency, Luwen Zhang, Joseph S. Pagano
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1) is the essential protein for maintenance of the EBV episome and establishment of latency. The BamHI Q promoter (Qp) is used for the transcription of EBNA-1 mRNA in type I and type II latency, which are EBV infection states exemplified by Burkitt’s lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. However, Qp is inactive in type III latency, and other promoters (the BamHI C promoter and/or the BamHI W promoter) are used for EBNA-1. The involvement of interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) in the regulation of Qp is suggested by the presence of an essential interferon-stimulated response element …
Characterization Of The Jembrana Disease Virus Tat Gene And The Cis- And Trans-Regulatory Elements In Its Long Terminal Repeats, Hexin Chen, Graham Wilcox, Gde Kertayadnya, Charles Wood
Characterization Of The Jembrana Disease Virus Tat Gene And The Cis- And Trans-Regulatory Elements In Its Long Terminal Repeats, Hexin Chen, Graham Wilcox, Gde Kertayadnya, Charles Wood
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Jembrana disease virus (JDV) is a newly identified bovine lentivirus that is closely related to the bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV). JDV contains a tat gene, encoded by two exons, which has potent transactivation activity. Cotransfection of the JDV tat expression plasmid with the JDV promoter chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) construct pJDV-U3R resulted in a substantial increase in the level of CAT mRNA transcribed from the JDV long terminal repeat (LTR) and a dramatic increase in the CAT protein level. Deletion analysis of the LTR sequences showed that sequences spanning nucleotides 268 to 153, including the TATA box and the predicted first …
Carmoviruses (Tombusviridae), Feng Qu, Thomas Jack Morris
Carmoviruses (Tombusviridae), Feng Qu, Thomas Jack Morris
School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications
Carmovirus is one of two officially recognized genera of Tombusviridae. Members of Tombusviridae all have icosahedral virions of about 30 nm in diameter with T = 3 symmetry that consists of 180 coat protein (CP) subunits of about 38- 43 kDa and a single-stranded (ss) RNA genome ranging in size from 4.0 to 4.7 kb. Carmoviruses share recognizable sequence similarity in both the polymerase and structural genes with members of the other genus, Tombusvirus. Sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis of these genes support the view that the genera are distinct but closely related. In addition, the genome organization of the …