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Full-Text Articles in Virology
Zika Virus Inactivates Polyamine Catabolism Via Alternative Splicing To Enhance Infection, Marion Lea Graham
Zika Virus Inactivates Polyamine Catabolism Via Alternative Splicing To Enhance Infection, Marion Lea Graham
Master's Theses
During viral infection, the virus and host must compete for resources inside the cell. One of these resources is polyamines. Polyamines are small, positively charged molecules that are found in all eukaryotic cells. They play a key role in several cellular functions including growth and proliferation, transcription and translation, and membrane stability. Viruses also rely polyamines for productive replication, utilizing them during DNA/RNa polymerization, nucleic acid packaging, and protein synthesis. in response to a virus infecting a host cell, the host cell will begin to regulate polyamine levels as a way to combat the infection. Polyamine levels are regulated by …
Investigating The Mechanism Of The Coronavirus Endoribonuclease In Antagonizing Innate Immune Signaling, Matthew Hackbart
Investigating The Mechanism Of The Coronavirus Endoribonuclease In Antagonizing Innate Immune Signaling, Matthew Hackbart
Dissertations
Coronaviruses (CoVs) are positive-sense RNa viruses that can emerge from endemic reservoirs and infect zoonotically, causing significant morbidity and mortality. CoVs encode an endoribonuclease (EndoU) that cleaves RNa in biochemical assays, but the target and function of EndoU activity during viral replication was not known. My work focused on characterizing the functions of EndoU during infection. I report that EndoU is an innate immune antagonist. to function as an immune antagonist, EndoU cleaves the 5'-Poly-Uridines from Negative-sense viral RNA, termed PUN RNA, which is the product of polyA-templated RNa synthesis. Using a virus containing an EndoU catalytic-inactive mutation, I detected …
Elucidating The Impact And Mechanism Of Hepatitis C Virus Cell-To-Cell Spread, Karina Durso-Cain
Elucidating The Impact And Mechanism Of Hepatitis C Virus Cell-To-Cell Spread, Karina Durso-Cain
Dissertations
Virus cell-to-cell spread has been implicated in the establishment of persistent infection and has been shown to be involved in the transmission of antiviral resistant mutants. However, relatively little is known about how virus cell-to-cell spread impacts infection or the specific mechanisms by which cell-to-cell spread occurs. as such, this dissertation focused on investigating HCV cell-to-cell spread not only to learn more about this medically important virus, but also to determine the broader impact cell-to-cell spread has on viral infection dynamics, identify the cellular factors involved, and perhaps ultimately provide insight into antiviral strategies that might enhance the barrier to …
Distinct Roles For Carbohydrate And Protein Receptors In Coronavirus Infection, Enya Qing
Distinct Roles For Carbohydrate And Protein Receptors In Coronavirus Infection, Enya Qing
Dissertations
Coronaviruses (CoVs) are common human and animal pathogens. in humans, four endemic CoV species together account for one third of mild respiratory infections worldwide. More severe and frequently fatal respiratory pathologies are caused by recent CoV outbreaks that resulted from occasional zoonotic spillover from animal CoV reservoirs, namely, SARS-CoV in 2002, MERS-CoV in 2012, and SARS-CoV-2 in 2019. Because CoVs threaten global health, any chance of relieving CoV's threat on human populations would rely heavily on our understanding of the mechanistic requirements for CoV tropism, whose major determinant is at the level of viral entry. CoVs have evolved to use …