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Full-Text Articles in Virology
Viruses In Astrobiology, Ignacio De La Higuera, Ester Lázaro
Viruses In Astrobiology, Ignacio De La Higuera, Ester Lázaro
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Viruses are the most abundant biological entities on Earth, and yet, they have not received enough consideration in astrobiology. Viruses are also extraordinarily diverse, which is evident in the types of relationships they establish with their host, their strategies to store and replicate their genetic information and the enormous diversity of genes they contain. A viral population, especially if it corresponds to a virus with an RNA genome, can contain an array of sequence variants that greatly exceeds what is present in most cell populations. The fact that viruses always need cellular resources to multiply means that they establish very …
Endothelial Cell Contributions To Covid-19, Alexandra E. Oxford, Fabio Halla, Evan B. Robertson, Brad E. Morrison
Endothelial Cell Contributions To Covid-19, Alexandra E. Oxford, Fabio Halla, Evan B. Robertson, Brad E. Morrison
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Understanding of the clinical, histological and molecular features of the novel coronavirus 2019 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)) has remained elusive. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by this virus has unusual clinical presentation with regard to other related coronaviruses. Recent reports suggest that SARS-CoV-2, unlike other related viruses, infects and replicates within endothelial cells, which may explain a significant portion of the observed clinical pathology. Likewise, mounting evidence associates vascular and endothelial cell dysfunction with increased mortality. This review focuses on understanding how endothelial cell pathology is caused by SARS-CoV-2 at the molecular and cellular levels and how …
Host-Dependent Differences In Replication Strategy Of The Sulfolobus Spindle-Shaped Virus Strain Ssv9 (A.K.A., Ssvk1): Infection Profiles In Hosts Of The Family Sulfolobaceae, Ruben M. Ceballos, Coyne Gareth Drummond, Carson Len Stacy, Elizabeth Padillo-Crespo, Kenneth M. Stedman
Host-Dependent Differences In Replication Strategy Of The Sulfolobus Spindle-Shaped Virus Strain Ssv9 (A.K.A., Ssvk1): Infection Profiles In Hosts Of The Family Sulfolobaceae, Ruben M. Ceballos, Coyne Gareth Drummond, Carson Len Stacy, Elizabeth Padillo-Crespo, Kenneth M. Stedman
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
The Sulfolobus Spindle-shaped Virus (SSV) system has become a model for studying thermophilic virus biology, including archaeal host-virus interactions and biogeography. Several factors make the SSV system amenable to studying archaeal genetic mechanisms (e.g., CRISPRs) as well as virus-host interactions in high temperature acidic environments. Previously, we reported that SSVs exhibited differential infectivity on allopatric vs. sympatric hosts. We also noticed a wide host range for virus strain SSV9 (a.k.a., SSVK1). For decades, SSVs have been described as “non-lytic” double-stranded DNA viruses that infect species of the genus Sulfolobus and release virions via budding rather than host lysis. In this …
Reversible Inactivation And Desiccation Tolerance Of Silicified Viruses, James R. Laidler, Jessica A. Shugart, Sherry L. Cady, Keith S. Bahjat, Kenneth M. Stedman
Reversible Inactivation And Desiccation Tolerance Of Silicified Viruses, James R. Laidler, Jessica A. Shugart, Sherry L. Cady, Keith S. Bahjat, Kenneth M. Stedman
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Long-distance host-independent virus dispersal is poorly understood, especially for viruses found in isolated ecosystems. To
demonstrate a possible dispersal mechanism, we show that bacteriophage T4, archaeal virus Sulfolobus spindle-shaped virus Kamchatka, and vaccinia virus are reversibly inactivated by mineralization in silica under conditions similar to volcanic hot
springs. In contrast, bacteriophage PRD1 is not silicified. Moreover, silicification provides viruses with remarkable desiccation
resistance, which could allow extensive aerial dispersal.
Differential Virus Host-Ranges Of The Fuselloviridae Of Hyperthermophilic Archaea: Implications For Evolution In Extreme Environments, Ruben M. Ceballos, Caleb D. Marceau, Joshua O. Marceau, Steven Morris, Adam J. Clore, Kenneth M. Stedman
Differential Virus Host-Ranges Of The Fuselloviridae Of Hyperthermophilic Archaea: Implications For Evolution In Extreme Environments, Ruben M. Ceballos, Caleb D. Marceau, Joshua O. Marceau, Steven Morris, Adam J. Clore, Kenneth M. Stedman
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
An emerging model for investigating virus-host interactions in hyperthermophilic Archaea is the Fusellovirus-Sulfolobus system. The host, Sulfolobus, is a hyperthermophilic acidophile endemic to sulfuric hot springs worldwide. The Fuselloviruses, also known as Sulfolobus Spindle-shaped Viruses (SSVs), are "lemon" or "spindle"-shaped double-stranded DNA viruses, which are also found worldwide. Although a few studies have addressed the host-range for the type virus, Sulfolobus Spindle-shaped Virus 1 (SSV1), using common Sulfolobus strains, a comprehensive host-range study for SSV-Sulfolobus systems has not been performed. Herein, we examine six bona fide SSV strains (SSV1, SSV2, SSV3, SSVL1, SSVK1, SSVRH) and their respective infection characteristics on …