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2013

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Articles 181 - 210 of 413

Full-Text Articles in Microbiology

Quantification Of Kaposi’S Sarcoma Herpesvirus Gene Expression In Infected Humanized Mice, Mark Rowan, Dr. Bradford K. Berges Aug 2013

Quantification Of Kaposi’S Sarcoma Herpesvirus Gene Expression In Infected Humanized Mice, Mark Rowan, Dr. Bradford K. Berges

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Kaposi’s Sarcoma Herpesvirus (KSHV) is a prevalent disease around the world. Some Sub- Saharan African countries have infection levels as high as 40 percent. Usually the effects of this disease are not fatal unless the infected person has already been infected with HIV or has some other immunodeficiency. If both of these problems exist, deadly cancers can form within the infected person1. Studies have shown that people with HIV are 200,000 times more likely to have Kaposi’s sarcoma (a cancer caused by KSHV) than those not infected. Until now, no competent animal model existed to study KSHV pathogenesis.

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The Effect Of Kalanchoe-Pinnata Extract On Epstein-Barr Virus, Miles Murri, Dr. Brian D. Poole Aug 2013

The Effect Of Kalanchoe-Pinnata Extract On Epstein-Barr Virus, Miles Murri, Dr. Brian D. Poole

Journal of Undergraduate Research

For the last year I have been working on a project that would test the efficacy of a potential drug on a common human virus called Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV). Though the virus often resides in a latent or dormant state, it is commonly found in nearly all adults worldwide (1). When it is active, its upregulated gene expression leads to conditions ranging from ear infections and tonsillitis to highly serious conditions like lymphomas (1). It has also been linked substantially with multiple autoimmune diseases such as Lupus (2). A certain immunosuppressive plant extract called Kalanchoe has been used traditionally as …

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Real-Time, In Vivo, Nad Biosensor, Jonathan Neubert, Dr. Julianne Grose Aug 2013

Real-Time, In Vivo, Nad Biosensor, Jonathan Neubert, Dr. Julianne Grose

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a crucial coenzyme used in the production of ATP and general cellular metabolism. Its structure consists of two nucleotides—pyridine and adenine—joined by a pyrophosphate bond. The pyridine allows the molecule to function as an electron carrier in the cell. In this capacity, NAD is involved in over 300 cellular reactions including enzymatic reactions in glycolysis, reactions within the TCA cycle, and especially in the electron transport chain (Grose et al, 2005). Differing levels of NAD have been associated with many pathologies, including diabetes, inflammatory syndromes, neurodegeneration, and cancer (Magni et al., 2008). Current methods of …

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Function Of Novel Nuclear Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 In Regulating Inositol 1,4,5-Triphosphate Receptor 1 Expression, Broc Mccune, Dr. Laura Bridgewater Aug 2013

Function Of Novel Nuclear Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 In Regulating Inositol 1,4,5-Triphosphate Receptor 1 Expression, Broc Mccune, Dr. Laura Bridgewater

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (Bmp2) is a well-characterized secreted transforming growth factor. Researchers in the lab of Dr. Laura Bridgewater, Brigham Young University, discovered a novel nuclear variant of Bmp2 (nBmp2)1. Preliminary data indicates that mice not expressing nBmp2 have difficulty regulating intracellular Ca2+ (unpublished). Seeking to find a molecular explanation for this observation, I performed a yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) screen to identify putative binding-partners of nBmp2. My results indicate nBmp2 binds Phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1). Zhou et al2 have shown that PLSCR1 directly binds a 15 DNA base pair sequence (hereafter called P1) ~100 base pairs upstream of the …

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The Contribution Of Ccr9 To The Homing, Migration, And Accumulation Of Iga Antibody Secreting Cells In Mouse Salivary Glands, Susanne Linderman, Dr. Eric Wilson Aug 2013

The Contribution Of Ccr9 To The Homing, Migration, And Accumulation Of Iga Antibody Secreting Cells In Mouse Salivary Glands, Susanne Linderman, Dr. Eric Wilson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

IgA is the most common antibody isotype involved in the immune system’s defense of mucosal membranes. In order to migrate and accumulate at these sites, IgA antibody secreting cells rely on chemokines. These chemokines, which are proteins differentially secreted in different tissues, bind to chemokine receptors on the cell’s surface. By discovering which receptors are important for immune cell migration to specific sites, we can gain a better understanding of how the immune system functions. This could eventually lead to better treatment of autoimmune and immunodeficiency diseases, as well as to the development of better vaccines. My goal was to …

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Assessing The Splicing Variants Of The Interferon Regulatory Factor 5 Risk Haplotype, Jared Lambert, Dr. Brian Poole Aug 2013

Assessing The Splicing Variants Of The Interferon Regulatory Factor 5 Risk Haplotype, Jared Lambert, Dr. Brian Poole

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease which commences from the immune system producing antibodies which target the body’s own tissues and cells. There are various factors thought to be involved in the development of SLE. In this study I assessed how the splicing variants of the interferon regulatory factor (IRF5) gene are affected by a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associated with risk for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Through this assessment I hoped to more fully determine the mechanisms through which this risk allele affects the development of SLE. IRF5 is a cytoplasmic transcription factor gene responsible for interferon …

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Isolating Mononucleosome Core Dnas To Be Used In The Encode Project, Elliot Winters, Dr. Steven M. Johnson Aug 2013

Isolating Mononucleosome Core Dnas To Be Used In The Encode Project, Elliot Winters, Dr. Steven M. Johnson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The purpose of this project has its roots in the nationwide mission named “ENCODE” for the “ENCyclopedia Of DNA Elements” the purpose of which is to map the functional elements of the human genome. The human genome was successfully sequenced in 2001, (Consortium T.I.H.G.S., 2001) but the functional units acting on the DNA are largely unknown in biomedical research. For example: the DNA contained in almost every cell of the human body is identical, encoding the same genes in each cell.

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A Multiplex Real-Time Pcr Assay For Rapid Detection And Differentiation Of Burkholderia Mallei, B. Pseudomallei, And B. Thailandensis, Chinn-Woan Shih, Richard Robison Aug 2013

A Multiplex Real-Time Pcr Assay For Rapid Detection And Differentiation Of Burkholderia Mallei, B. Pseudomallei, And B. Thailandensis, Chinn-Woan Shih, Richard Robison

Journal of Undergraduate Research

As stated in the proposal, my focus has been with three bacterial species of Burkholderia: mallei, pseudomallei, and thailandensis. Burkholderia mallei is the causative agent of glanders, an abscess-forming infection that is predominantly found in the equine population and is capable of being transmitted to humans from infected animals. There is documentation that B. mallei was used as a biowarfare agent in World War I (Gee et al., 2003).

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Cancer And The Immune System: A Study Of Cytokine Communication With Macrophages, Charles Daniel Knechtel, Dr. Kim O'Neill Aug 2013

Cancer And The Immune System: A Study Of Cytokine Communication With Macrophages, Charles Daniel Knechtel, Dr. Kim O'Neill

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Macrophages are a part of the early immune system that interacts with abnormal and foreign cells in your body. They are a non-specific defense system that engulfs foreign cells or stimulates other immune system cells to respond. We know they can play a role in fighting cancer, or promoting it, but we don’t fully understand how. According to Frontiers in Bioscience May 2008, “At late stages tumor-associated macrophages are known to produce molecules directly promoting tumor growth, invasion and metastasis….however, if properly activated, macrophages may control initial tumor development”(Nardin, A., Astado, J. 2008). Cytokines are small signaling molecules that play …

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Characterization Of Herpes Simplex Clinical Isolate, Daniel Hammond, Dr. Brian Poole Aug 2013

Characterization Of Herpes Simplex Clinical Isolate, Daniel Hammond, Dr. Brian Poole

Journal of Undergraduate Research

My project was focused on the identification and characterization of a clinical isolate of Herpes Simplex, the virus family responsible for cold sores and genital herpes. The virus was collected from a 48 year old female who was otherwise healthy. The patient had no previous history of genital herpes. The patient’s sexual partner was also HSV positive. The specimen was collected from a suspected infected genital tract and was submitted for analysis for Herpes simplex virus. Initial analysis using non-specific antibody tests verified that the virus was indeed a member of the herpes simplex family. Further analysis, shown in Figure …

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Analyzing The Homing Of Iga Antibody Secreting Cells In The Gestational Murine Mammary Gland Via Chemokine Interaction, Taylor Gardner, Dr. Eric Wilson Aug 2013

Analyzing The Homing Of Iga Antibody Secreting Cells In The Gestational Murine Mammary Gland Via Chemokine Interaction, Taylor Gardner, Dr. Eric Wilson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

My purpose was to understand more deeply the process of mucosal immunological response in mice. Specifically, I hoped to understand the role of chemokine interactions in the recruitment of Immunoglobin A (IgA) in mouse colostrum/milk and mammary gland tissue during the gestation period. I focused on the time period just prior to the point at which milk production (and thus relative IgA levels) is upregulated in preparation for feeding young.

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Yersinia Murine Toxin And Its Potential Role In Preventing Killing Of Yersinia Pestis Via Hympthiocyanate, Sarah Pyne-Gehen, Dr. David Erickson Aug 2013

Yersinia Murine Toxin And Its Potential Role In Preventing Killing Of Yersinia Pestis Via Hympthiocyanate, Sarah Pyne-Gehen, Dr. David Erickson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, is transmitted by fleas such as the Oriental rat flea Xenopsylla cheopis. Very little is known about the Y. pestis factors that are important in establishing a transmissible infection in fleas. The Yersinia Murine Toxin (Ymt) is an intracellular phospholipase enzyme that is required for Y. pestis to survive inside the midgut after fleas take an infectious blood meal (1). The basis for the Ymt requirement is unknown.

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Improvement Of Malaria Diagnosis Techniques In Low-Income Areas, Trenden Flanigan, Dr. Eric Wilson Aug 2013

Improvement Of Malaria Diagnosis Techniques In Low-Income Areas, Trenden Flanigan, Dr. Eric Wilson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Malaria causes over 1 million deaths every year worldwide. Due to the difficulty in obtaining a precise diagnosis, combined with nonspecific symptoms in early stages (fever, aches, fatigue), many cases are misdiagnosed. Diagnosis methods are generally done through visual examination of peripheral blood smears or rapid diagnostic tests. Due to transient low levels of parasitemia in patients, these diagnostic methods often result in false negatives. By separating the parasitized erythrocytes from the others, the sensitivity of diagnostic tests improves. This was demonstrated by using a novel blood smear technique that introduces centrifugation and isolation into the conventional smear or by …

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Phou Localization In Escherichia Coli, Austin Callison, Dr. William R. Mccleary Aug 2013

Phou Localization In Escherichia Coli, Austin Callison, Dr. William R. Mccleary

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Just as simpler systems are studied to better understand more complex systems, E. coli has long been a standard for biological experiments aimed at a more complete comprehension of the mechanisms that propitiate cell life. One of these vital mechanisms in E. coli is the uptake of phosphate (Pi) in varying levels of environmental phosphorous. Pi is a key element involved in cell membranes, DNA, RNA, and metabolism in E. coli. This uptake is accomplished by the cooperation of the PstSCAB2, PhoU, PhoR and PhoB proteins in phosphate poor environments1. PhoU acts as a negative regulator of the Pho operon …

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Development Of Humanized Mice As A Model For The Study Of Neuro-Aids, German Cuadra, Dr. Bradford Berges Aug 2013

Development Of Humanized Mice As A Model For The Study Of Neuro-Aids, German Cuadra, Dr. Bradford Berges

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Our main goal of this project was to document the existence of human macrophages in the brain of humanized mice. After the accomplishment of this goal, we planned to infect humanized mice with HIV and find out if these human macrophages support infection in mouse brain tissue. We hypothesize that humanized mice will have human macrophages engrafted in the brain and that these cells will become infected with HIV via normal pathways after introduction of virus via other routes, as in humans. By identifying these cells in humanized mice, we plan to develop a mechanism to study the relationship between …

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A Nuclear Variant Of Gdf5 May Present Novel Insights On Arthritis Formation, Michael Baldwin, Dr. Laura Bridgewater Aug 2013

A Nuclear Variant Of Gdf5 May Present Novel Insights On Arthritis Formation, Michael Baldwin, Dr. Laura Bridgewater

Journal of Undergraduate Research

More than 40 million Americans suffer from the pains of arthritis. Arthritis is characterized by joint inflammation and cartilage deterioration (3). For many years growth differentiation factor 5 (Gdf5) has been associated with cartilage formation and maintenance (4, 1). GDF5 has been traditionally regarded as a secreted growth factor; however, a new variant of Gdf5 was recently discovered in the nucleus. Nuclear Gdf5 (nGdf5) may present a new mechanism by which Gdf5 regulates cartilage development and preservation.

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Determining The Effect Of Toll-Like Receptor-7 On Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Development, Douglas Baumann, Dr. Brian Poole Aug 2013

Determining The Effect Of Toll-Like Receptor-7 On Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Development, Douglas Baumann, Dr. Brian Poole

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (Lupus) is an autoimmune disease that afflicts over 250,000 citizens of the United States. Although much remains to be learned about Lupus, the information gathered so far has proven to be extremely valuable in increasing survival rates and improving the quality of life of Lupus patients. As we continue to put time and energy into Lupus research, the result will be that we will be able to combat the disease more effectively. The first step in combating Lupus is to gain knowledge about the pathogenesis and mechanisms of the disease. By further developing our knowledge, we will …

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Respon Tanaman Kelapa Sawit Terhadap Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat Dan Bakteri Penambat Nitrogen Di Pembibitan Awal (Pre Nursery), Intan Ratna Dewi Anjarsari, Mochamad Arief Soleh, Erni Suminar Aug 2013

Respon Tanaman Kelapa Sawit Terhadap Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat Dan Bakteri Penambat Nitrogen Di Pembibitan Awal (Pre Nursery), Intan Ratna Dewi Anjarsari, Mochamad Arief Soleh, Erni Suminar

Jurnal Kultivasi

The objective of this experiment was to study response of oil palm seedlings in prenursery to Phosfat solubilizing bacteria and nitogen fixaxing bacteria. This experiment was conducted at experimental field, Jatinangor, KabupatenSumedang from April until October 2012. Experimental field located at altitude 753 m above sea level with rainfall C type according to the classification of Schmidt and Fergusson. Experimental design was the simple pattern of Randomized Design Group (RDG), consisting of twelve treatment and repeated three times. The treatment were Without inoculation; Azotobacter 20 mL/plant; BPF 20 mL/plant; 10 mL/plant BPF + 10 ml/plant Azotobacter; 10mL/plant BPF + 15 …

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Pertumbuhan Bibit Batang Bawah Karet (Hevea Brasiliensis (Willd.) Mull.-Arg.) Klon Pr 261 Yang Diberi Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (Fma) Dan Pupuk Fosfat, Cucu Suherman, Ari Wahyudi Aug 2013

Pertumbuhan Bibit Batang Bawah Karet (Hevea Brasiliensis (Willd.) Mull.-Arg.) Klon Pr 261 Yang Diberi Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (Fma) Dan Pupuk Fosfat, Cucu Suherman, Ari Wahyudi

Jurnal Kultivasi

This Research aims to determine the effect of interaction between the dosage AMF and dosage of P fertilizer on growth of rootstock seedling of rubber Clone PR 261. The experiments started in April until August 2009 at Cikumpay Plantation, PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VIII, Purwakarta, West Java, with altitude ± 70 m above sea level. Randomize Block Design (RBD) with factorial pattern used in this experiment, consisted of two treatment factors and repeated three times. The first factor was the dosage of AMF, consisted of four dosages level, without AMF, 10 g/seedling, 15 g/seedling and 20 g/seedling. The second factor was …

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Life Support: Long Term Storage Of Solid Waste In An Enclosed Membrane System, Emmy O. Trieu, Michael Flynn, Rocco Mancinelli Aug 2013

Life Support: Long Term Storage Of Solid Waste In An Enclosed Membrane System, Emmy O. Trieu, Michael Flynn, Rocco Mancinelli

STAR Program Research Presentations

In deep space missions, maintaining life support is of the utmost priority. In such a closed system, human waste must be stored and treated. Simulated feces (ersatz) will be inoculated with microbes representing normal fecal flora, mixed with urine brine and shredded refuse of products typically used in space missions. Composting methods often use alternating layers of waste with scraps of carboniferous materials (finely shredded refuse). By preparing membrane bags with a homogenized ersatz and carboniferous refuse mixture and membrane bags with alternating layers of ersatz and carboniferous refuse, it may be possible to monitor anaerobic thermophillic digestion of the …

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Testing Compounds As Sole Carbon Sources Of Strains Isolated From The Hot Lake Phototrophic Mat, Lyzbeth Becerra, Stephen Lindemann Aug 2013

Testing Compounds As Sole Carbon Sources Of Strains Isolated From The Hot Lake Phototrophic Mat, Lyzbeth Becerra, Stephen Lindemann

STAR Program Research Presentations

Hot Lake is a meromictic, epsomitic lake. It has a phototrophic microbial mat that reassembles every year. The mat community is subjected to large fluctuations of salinity and solar irradiance. PNNL is interested in studying how these communities respond to the fluctuating environment conditions. To date, 70 isolates have been obtained from Hot Lake with the intention of characterizing their physiology to gain a better understanding of how they are naturally functioning in the Hot Lake mat community. I tested eight of these isolates in media designed to mimic the chemistry of Hot Lake with a selection of sugars, amino …

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Characterization Of Bacillus Bacterial Strains; Optimum Growth Temperature, Proteolytic And Lipolytic Activity, Jamie Anne Boring Aug 2013

Characterization Of Bacillus Bacterial Strains; Optimum Growth Temperature, Proteolytic And Lipolytic Activity, Jamie Anne Boring

STAR Program Research Presentations

Characterization of Bacillus bacterial strains is an important step in identifying and removing biofilms contaminating processing equipment. These biofilms lead to large amounts of spores in the final product. Strains that produce spoilage enzymes cause off-flavors, structural defects and reduced shelf life of milk products. Using four treatments, we determined the best growth protocol for each strain to use in future experiments. Treatment 1: 80 o C heat shock and 32 o C 24hr incubation, Treatment 2: 80o C/ 55 o C, Treatment 3: 100 o C/ 32 o C, Treatment 4: 100 o C/ 55 o C. Our …

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Defining The Requirements For Early Gene Expression In Bacteriophage Hk639, Amanda L. Seaton Aug 2013

Defining The Requirements For Early Gene Expression In Bacteriophage Hk639, Amanda L. Seaton

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Lambdoid phages suppress transcription termination to fully express their genes. Antitermination of early gene expression in most lambdoid phages is mediated by an interaction between the N protein and a number of host-encoded factors. Bacteriophage HK022 does not rely on a protein for antitermination. To promote full expression of early phage genes, the transcripts of the HK022 put sites interact directly with RNA polymerase to convert it to a termination resistant form. Bacteriophage HK639 also uses RNA-mediated antitermination. However, it only possesses a single put-like element in its left operon. Because most lambdoid phages, including HK022, have antiterminator elements in …

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Single Step Synthesis Of Antibiotic Kanamycin Embedded Gold Nanoparticles For Efficient Antibacterial Activity, Shravan Gavva Aug 2013

Single Step Synthesis Of Antibiotic Kanamycin Embedded Gold Nanoparticles For Efficient Antibacterial Activity, Shravan Gavva

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Nanotechnology has become the most advanced type of drug delivery system within the last decade. This advancement shifted the focus on small carriers to increase the efficiency of the drugs. Among these, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) were found to have profound biomedical applications. In current research, kanamycin embedded GNPs were prepared in a single step, single phase, and bio-friendly (green synthesis) procedure. The synthesized Kanamycin-GNPs (Kan-GNPs) were spherical in shape and had a size range of 15 ± 3 nm. The chosen kanamycin is an aminoglycosidic antibiotic that is isolated from Streptomyces kanamyceticus. These special antibiotic GNPs are further characterized using …

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Evidence For Sigma Factor Competition In The Regulation Of Alginate Production By Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Yeshi Yin, T. Ryan Withers, Xin Wang, Hongwei D. Yu Aug 2013

Evidence For Sigma Factor Competition In The Regulation Of Alginate Production By Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Yeshi Yin, T. Ryan Withers, Xin Wang, Hongwei D. Yu

Biochemistry and Microbiology

Alginate overproduction, or mucoidy, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of P. aeruginosa lung infection in cystic fibrosis (CF). Mucoid strains with mucA mutations predominantly populate in chronically-infected patients. However, the mucoid strains can revert to nonmucoidy in vitro through suppressor mutations. We screened a mariner transposon library using CF149, a non-mucoid clinical isolate with a misssense mutation in algU(AlgUA61V). The wild type AlgU is a stress-related sigma factor that activates transcription of alginate biosynthesis. Three mucoid mutants were identified with transposon insertions that caused 1) an overexpression of AlgUA61V, 2) an overexpression of …

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Mesoaciditoga Lauensis Gen. Nov., Sp. Nov., A Moderate Thermoacidophilic Thermotogales From A Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent, Anna-Louise Reysenbach, Yitai Liu, Annie R. Lindgren, Issac D. Wagner, Christine Demko Sislak, Anchelique Mets, Stefan Schouten Aug 2013

Mesoaciditoga Lauensis Gen. Nov., Sp. Nov., A Moderate Thermoacidophilic Thermotogales From A Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent, Anna-Louise Reysenbach, Yitai Liu, Annie R. Lindgren, Issac D. Wagner, Christine Demko Sislak, Anchelique Mets, Stefan Schouten

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

A novel moderately thermophilic, heterotrophic bacterium was isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent deposit from the Mariner field along the Eastern Lau Spreading Center, Southwestern Pacific. Cells were short motile rods (about 0.4 μm-0.8 μm) that occurred singly or in pairs and were surrounded by a sheath-like membrane or ‘toga’. The cells grew between 45 and 65°C (optimum 57-60°C), pH 4.1-6.0 (optimum pH 5.5-5.7) and optimally at 3% (w/v) NaCl. The isolate grew on a range of carbon and proteinaceous substrates and reduced sulfur. The G + C content of the DNA was about 45 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of the …

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The Effects Of Growth Hormone And Thyroxine Treatment On The Insulin Signaling Of Female Ames Dwarf Mouse Skeletal Muscle Tissue, Andrew Do Aug 2013

The Effects Of Growth Hormone And Thyroxine Treatment On The Insulin Signaling Of Female Ames Dwarf Mouse Skeletal Muscle Tissue, Andrew Do

HIM 1990-2015

Ames dwarf (df/df) mice are deficient in anterior pituitary hormones: growth hormone (GH), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and prolactin (PRL) due to a spontaneous, homozygous mutation of prop1[superscript df] gene. These dwarf mice exhibit characteristics such as delayed growth and development coupled with delayed aging, increased lifespan, overall increased insulin sensitivity, as well as resistance to certain diseases and cancers. The mutant mice possess low blood glucose, low serum insulin, and lower body temperature. Their enhanced longevity (about 40-60% longer lifespan than normal mice) is associated with their GH deficiency and disruption in the somatotropic axis (GH/IGF-1 hormonal pathway) as …

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Recurrent Modification Of A Conserved Cis-Regulatory Element Underlies Fruit Fly Pigmentation Diversity, William A. Rogers, Joseph R. Salomone, David J. Tacy, Eric M. Camino, Kristen A. Davis, Mark Rebeiz, Thomas M. Williams Aug 2013

Recurrent Modification Of A Conserved Cis-Regulatory Element Underlies Fruit Fly Pigmentation Diversity, William A. Rogers, Joseph R. Salomone, David J. Tacy, Eric M. Camino, Kristen A. Davis, Mark Rebeiz, Thomas M. Williams

Biology Faculty Publications

The development of morphological traits occurs through the collective action of networks of genes connected at the level of gene expression. As any node in a network may be a target of evolutionary change, the recurrent targeting of the same node would indicate that the path of evolution is biased for the relevant trait and network. Although examples of parallel evolution have implicated recurrent modification of the same gene and cis-regulatory element (CRE), little is known about the mutational and molecular paths of parallel CRE evolution. InDrosophila melanogaster fruit flies, the Bric-à-brac (Bab) transcription factors control the development …

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Molecular Detection Of Tick-Borne Pathogens Associated With Ixodid Tick Species Infesting Migratory Songbirds And Ruminants, Nabanita Mukherjee Aug 2013

Molecular Detection Of Tick-Borne Pathogens Associated With Ixodid Tick Species Infesting Migratory Songbirds And Ruminants, Nabanita Mukherjee

Master's Theses

Ticks are hematophagous arthropods and capable of inoculating various infectious agents to their vertebrate hosts. Ticks attached to birds and ruminants are capable of carrying tick-transmitted microorganisms. In our study, the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens was examined in ticks infesting migratory songbirds and Pakistani ruminants. During spring migration seasons, ticks were removed from northward-migrating songbirds in Louisiana and identified as Amblyomma Jongirostre, Amblyomma nodosum, Amb/yomma ca/caratum, Amblyomma maculatum, and Haemaphysalis species, all are considered as Neotropical ticks. Ticks removed from ruminants were identified as Hya/omma anatolicum, Hyalomma dromedarii, Rhipicephalus microplus, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus. A total of 112 and 72 bacterial …

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Characterizing The Persistence Of Sewage Enterococci In Mississippi Coastal Waters, Kimberly Anne-Marie Lewis Aug 2013

Characterizing The Persistence Of Sewage Enterococci In Mississippi Coastal Waters, Kimberly Anne-Marie Lewis

Master's Theses

Enterococci are microbiological indicators of marine recreation water quality.
Their reliability as fecal indicators is questioned as they are shown to persist in the environment. Multiple laboratory studies on their persistence have been done but few under natural environmental conditions. The purpose of this study was to investigate how long sewage enterococci and enterococcal DNA persist in beach water and to determine whether there is a difference in the genetic diversity and hardiness of sewage vs. environmental isolates. To study persistence, sewage was diluted with beach water, placed in microcosms, and deployed at a beach site in Longbeach and Pass …

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