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Articles 1171 - 1200 of 1476
Full-Text Articles in Microbiology
Protection Against Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus (Prrsv) Infection Through Passive Transfer Of Prrsv-Neutralizing Antibodies Is Dose Dependent, O. J. Lopez, M. F. Oliveira, E. Alvarez Garcia, Byung Joon Kwon, Alan R. Doster, Fernando A. Osorio
Protection Against Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus (Prrsv) Infection Through Passive Transfer Of Prrsv-Neutralizing Antibodies Is Dose Dependent, O. J. Lopez, M. F. Oliveira, E. Alvarez Garcia, Byung Joon Kwon, Alan R. Doster, Fernando A. Osorio
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Previous work in our laboratory demonstrated that passive transfer of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)-neutralizing antibodies (NA) protected pregnant sows against reproductive failure and conferred sterilizing immunity in sows and offspring. We report here on the dose requirement for protection by passive transfer with NA in young weaned pigs. The presence of a 1:8 titer of PRRSV-NA in serum consistently protected pigs against viremia. Nevertheless, their lungs, tonsils, buffy coat cells, and peripheral lymph nodes contained replicating PRRSV similar to the infected control group. Likewise, these animals excreted infectious virus to sentinels similar to the infectivity control animals. …
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Pathobiology Studied In Humanized Balb/C-Rag2-/- ΓC-/- Mice, Santhi Gorantla, Hannah Seller, Lisa Walters, John G. Sharp, Samuel Pirruccello, John T. West, Charles Wood, Stephen Dewhurst, Howard Gendelman, Larisa Poluektova
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Pathobiology Studied In Humanized Balb/C-Rag2-/- ΓC-/- Mice, Santhi Gorantla, Hannah Seller, Lisa Walters, John G. Sharp, Samuel Pirruccello, John T. West, Charles Wood, Stephen Dewhurst, Howard Gendelman, Larisa Poluektova
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
The specificity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) for human cells precludes virus infection in most mammalian species and limits the utility of small animal models for studies of disease pathogenesis, therapy, and vaccine development. One way to overcome this limitation is by human cell xenotransplantation in immune-deficient mice. However, this has proved inadequate, as engraftment of human immune cells is limited (both functionally and quantitatively) following transplantation of mature human lymphocytes or fetal thymus/liver. To this end, a human immune system was generated from umbilical cord blood-derived CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells in BALB/c-Rag2-/- γc-/- …
Supplementary Data For “Sequence And Annotation Of The 369-Kb Ny-2a And The 345-Kb Ar158 Viruses That Infect Chlorella Nc64a”: Appendix A: Gene Names B002r – B797r, Lisa A. Fitzgerald, Michael V. Graves, Xiao Li, Tamara Feldblyum, William C. Nierman, James L. Van Etten
Supplementary Data For “Sequence And Annotation Of The 369-Kb Ny-2a And The 345-Kb Ar158 Viruses That Infect Chlorella Nc64a”: Appendix A: Gene Names B002r – B797r, Lisa A. Fitzgerald, Michael V. Graves, Xiao Li, Tamara Feldblyum, William C. Nierman, James L. Van Etten
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Appendix A: Gene Names b002R – b797R
Document shows Gene Name, Genome Position, A.A. length, Peptide Mw, pI, CDD Hit Number, COGs, COG Definition, Bit Score, E-value, % Identity, % Positive, Query from-to, Hit from-to, BLASTp Hit Number, Hit Accession, BLASTp Definition, Bit Score, E-value, % Identity, % Positive, Query from-to, and Hit from-to.
Supplementary Data For “Sequence And Annotation Of The 314-Kb Mt325 And The 321-Kb Fr483 Viruses That Infect Chlorella Pbi”: Appendix B: Gene Names M001l Through M807r, Lisa A. Fitzgerald, Michael V. Graves, Xiao Li, Tamara Feldblyum, James Hartigan, James L. Van Etten
Supplementary Data For “Sequence And Annotation Of The 314-Kb Mt325 And The 321-Kb Fr483 Viruses That Infect Chlorella Pbi”: Appendix B: Gene Names M001l Through M807r, Lisa A. Fitzgerald, Michael V. Graves, Xiao Li, Tamara Feldblyum, James Hartigan, James L. Van Etten
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Appendix B: Gene Names M001L through M807R
Document, in spreadsheet format, shows Gene Name, Genome Position, A.A. length, Peptid e Mw, pI, CDD Hit Number, COGs, COG Definition, Bit Score, E-value, % Identity, % Positive, Query from-to, Hit from-to, BLASTp Hit Number, Hit Accession, BLASTp Definition, Bit Score, E-value, % Identity, % Positive, Query from-to, and Hit from-to.
Supplementary Data For “Sequence And Annotation Of The 369-Kb Ny-2a And The 345-Kb Ar158 Viruses That Infect Chlorella Nc64a”: Appendix C: Gene Names C001r – C814l, Lisa A. Fitzgerald, Michael V. Graves, Xiao Li, Tamara Feldblyum, William C. Nierman, James L. Van Etten
Supplementary Data For “Sequence And Annotation Of The 369-Kb Ny-2a And The 345-Kb Ar158 Viruses That Infect Chlorella Nc64a”: Appendix C: Gene Names C001r – C814l, Lisa A. Fitzgerald, Michael V. Graves, Xiao Li, Tamara Feldblyum, William C. Nierman, James L. Van Etten
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Appendix C: Gene Names c001R – c814L
Document shows Gene Name, Genome Position, A.A. length, Peptide Mw, pI, CDD Hit Number, COGs, COG Definition, Bit Score, E-value, % Identity, % Positive, Query from-to, Hit from-to, BLASTp Hit Number, Hit Accession, BLASTp Definition, Bit Score, E-value, % Identity, % Positive, Query from-to, and Hit from-to.
Supplementary Data For “Sequence And Annotation Of The 369-Kb Ny-2a And The 345-Kb Ar158 Viruses That Infect Chlorella Nc64a”: Appendix B: Gene Names B001l – B886r, Lisa A. Fitzgerald, Michael V. Graves, Xiao Li, Tamara Feldblyum, William C. Nierman, James L. Van Etten
Supplementary Data For “Sequence And Annotation Of The 369-Kb Ny-2a And The 345-Kb Ar158 Viruses That Infect Chlorella Nc64a”: Appendix B: Gene Names B001l – B886r, Lisa A. Fitzgerald, Michael V. Graves, Xiao Li, Tamara Feldblyum, William C. Nierman, James L. Van Etten
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Appendix B: Gene Names B001L – B886R
Document shows Gene Name, Genome Position, A.A. length, Peptide Mw, pI, CDD Hit Number, COGs, COG Definition, Bit Score, E-value, % Identity, % Positive, Query from-to, Hit from-to, BLASTp Hit Number, Hit Accession, BLASTp Definition, Bit Score, E-value, % Identity, % Positive, Query from-to, and Hit from-to.
Sequence And Annotation Of The 314-Kb Mt325 And The 321-Kb Fr483 Viruses That Infect Chlorella Pbi, Lisa A. Fitzgerald, Michael V. Graves, Xiao Li, Tamara Feldblyum, James Hartigan, James L. Van Etten
Sequence And Annotation Of The 314-Kb Mt325 And The 321-Kb Fr483 Viruses That Infect Chlorella Pbi, Lisa A. Fitzgerald, Michael V. Graves, Xiao Li, Tamara Feldblyum, James Hartigan, James L. Van Etten
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Viruses MT325 and FR483, members of the family Phycodnaviridae, genus Chlorovirus, infect the fresh water, unicellular, eukaryotic, chlorella-like green alga, Chlorella Pbi. The 314,335-bp genome of MT325 and the 321,240-bp genome of FR483 are the first viruses that infect Chlorella Pbi to have their genomes sequenced and annotated. Furthermore, these genomes are the two smallest chlorella virus genomes sequenced to date, MT325 has 331 putative protein-encoding and 10 tRNA-encoding genes and FR483 has 335 putative protein-encoding and 9 tRNA-encoding genes. The protein-encoding genes are almost evenly distributed on both strands, and intergenic space is minimal. Approximately 40% of …
Supplementary Data For “Sequence And Annotation Of The 314-Kb Mt325 And The 321-Kb Fr483 Viruses That Infect Chlorella Pbi”: Appendix A: Gene Names M002r Through M843l, Lisa A. Fitzgerald, Michael V. Graves, Xiao Li, Tamara Feldblyum, James Hartigan, James L. Van Etten
Supplementary Data For “Sequence And Annotation Of The 314-Kb Mt325 And The 321-Kb Fr483 Viruses That Infect Chlorella Pbi”: Appendix A: Gene Names M002r Through M843l, Lisa A. Fitzgerald, Michael V. Graves, Xiao Li, Tamara Feldblyum, James Hartigan, James L. Van Etten
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Appendix A: Gene Names m002R through m843L
Document, in spreadsheet format, shows Gene Name, Genome Position, A.A. length, Peptid e Mw, pI, CDD Hit Number, COGs, COG Definition, Bit Score, E-value, % Identity, % Positive, Query from-to, Hit from-to, BLASTp Hit Number, Hit Accession, BLASTp Definition, Bit Score, E-value, % Identity, % Positive, Query from-to, and Hit from-to.
Supplementary Data For “Sequence And Annotation Of The 314-Kb Mt325 And The 321-Kb Fr483 Viruses That Infect Chlorella Pbi”: Appendix C: Gene Names N001l Through N849r, Lisa A. Fitzgerald, Michael V. Graves, Xiao Li, Tamara Feldblyum, James Hartigan, James L. Van Etten
Supplementary Data For “Sequence And Annotation Of The 314-Kb Mt325 And The 321-Kb Fr483 Viruses That Infect Chlorella Pbi”: Appendix C: Gene Names N001l Through N849r, Lisa A. Fitzgerald, Michael V. Graves, Xiao Li, Tamara Feldblyum, James Hartigan, James L. Van Etten
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Appendix C: Gene Names n001L through n849R
Document, in spreadsheet format, shows Gene Name, Genome Position, A.A. length, Peptid e Mw, pI, CDD Hit Number, COGs, COG Definition, Bit Score, E-value, % Identity, % Positive, Query from-to, Hit from-to, BLASTp Hit Number, Hit Accession, BLASTp Definition, Bit Score, E-value, % Identity, % Positive, Query from-to, and Hit from-to.
Sequence And Annotation Of The 369-Kb Ny-2a And The 345-Kb Ar158 Viruses That Infect Chlorella Nc64a, Lisa A. Fitzgerald, Michael V. Graves, Xiao Li, Tamara Feldblyum, Willaim C. Nierman, James L. Van Etten
Sequence And Annotation Of The 369-Kb Ny-2a And The 345-Kb Ar158 Viruses That Infect Chlorella Nc64a, Lisa A. Fitzgerald, Michael V. Graves, Xiao Li, Tamara Feldblyum, Willaim C. Nierman, James L. Van Etten
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Viruses NY-2A and AR158, members of the family Phycodnaviridae, genus Chlorovirus, infect the fresh water, unicellular, eukaryotic, chlorella-like green alga, Chlorella NC64A. The 368,683-bp genome of NY-2A and the 344,690-bp genome of AR158 are the two largest chlorella virus genomes sequenced to date; NY-2A contains 404 putative protein-encoding and 7 tRNA-encoding genes and AR158 contains 360 putative protein-encoding and 6 tRNA-encoding genes. The protein-encoding genes are almost evenly distributed on both strands, and intergenic space is minimal. Two of the NY-2A genes encode inteins, the large subunit of ribonucleotide reductase and a superfamily II helicase. These are the …
Supplementary Data For “Sequence And Annotation Of The 314-Kb Mt325 And The 321-Kb Fr483 Viruses That Infect Chlorella Pbi”: Appendix D: Gene Names N003l Through N847r, Lisa A. Fitzgerald, Michael V. Graves, Xiao Li, Tamara Feldblyum, James Hartigan, James L. Van Etten
Supplementary Data For “Sequence And Annotation Of The 314-Kb Mt325 And The 321-Kb Fr483 Viruses That Infect Chlorella Pbi”: Appendix D: Gene Names N003l Through N847r, Lisa A. Fitzgerald, Michael V. Graves, Xiao Li, Tamara Feldblyum, James Hartigan, James L. Van Etten
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Appendix D: Gene Names N003L through N847R
Document, in spreadsheet format, shows Gene Name, Genome Position, A.A. length, Peptid e Mw, pI, CDD Hit Number, COGs, COG Definition, Bit Score, E-value, % Identity, % Positive, Query from-to, Hit from-to, BLASTp Hit Number, Hit Accession, BLASTp Definition, Bit Score, E-value, % Identity, % Positive, Query from-to, and Hit from-to.
Supplementary Data For “Sequence And Annotation Of The 369-Kb Ny-2a And The 345-Kb Ar158 Viruses That Infect Chlorella Nc64a”: Appendix D: Gene Names C006r – C815l, Lisa A. Fitzgerald, Michael V. Graves, Xiao Li, Tamara Feldblyum, Willaim C. Nierman, James L. Van Etten
Supplementary Data For “Sequence And Annotation Of The 369-Kb Ny-2a And The 345-Kb Ar158 Viruses That Infect Chlorella Nc64a”: Appendix D: Gene Names C006r – C815l, Lisa A. Fitzgerald, Michael V. Graves, Xiao Li, Tamara Feldblyum, Willaim C. Nierman, James L. Van Etten
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Appendix D: Gene Names C006R – C815L
Document shows Gene Name, Genome Position, A.A. length, Peptide Mw, pI, CDD Hit Number, COGs, COG Definition, Bit Score, E-value, % Identity, % Positive, Query from-to, Hit from-to, BLASTp Hit Number, Hit Accession, BLASTp Definition, Bit Score, E-value, % Identity, % Positive, Query from-to, and Hit from-to.
Effects Of Turnip Crinkle Virus Infection On The Structure And Function Of Mitochondria And Expression Of Stress Proteins In Turnips, James A. Blake, Kit W. Lee, Thomas Jack Morris, Thomas Elthon
Effects Of Turnip Crinkle Virus Infection On The Structure And Function Of Mitochondria And Expression Of Stress Proteins In Turnips, James A. Blake, Kit W. Lee, Thomas Jack Morris, Thomas Elthon
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
We have investigated the effect of turnip crinkle virus (TCV) infection on mitochondrial structure and function in turnips (Brassica rapa cultivar “Just Right”). TCV infection resulted in plants with small, mottled leaves with severely crinkled edges, and in a 46% reduction in storage root mass. TCV infection resulted in specific vesicularization of mitochondrial outer membranes where TCV replication is thought to occur, with no apparent affect on other cellular membrane systems. Immunoblot analysis of mitochondrial proteins from storage roots indicated that the TCV p28 protein, which is essential for viral replication, was associated with mitochondria and that mitochondrial heat …
Novel Pathway For Induction Of Latent Virus From Resting Cd4+ T Cells In The Simian Immunodeficiency Virus/Macaque Model Of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Latency, Anding Shen, Hung Chih Yang, Yan Zhou, Amanda J. Chase
Novel Pathway For Induction Of Latent Virus From Resting Cd4+ T Cells In The Simian Immunodeficiency Virus/Macaque Model Of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Latency, Anding Shen, Hung Chih Yang, Yan Zhou, Amanda J. Chase
University Faculty Publications and Creative Works
Although combination therapy allows the suppression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) viremia to undetectable levels, eradication has not been achieved because the virus persists in cellular reservoirs, particularly the latent reservoir in resting CD4+ T lymphocytes. We previously established a simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)/macaque model to study latency. We describe here a novel mechanism for the induction of SIV from latently infected resting CD4+ T cells. Several human cell lines including CEMx174 and Epstein-Barr virus-transformed human B-lymphoblastoid cell lines mediated contact-dependent activation of resting macaque T cells and induction of latent SIV. Antibody-blocking assays showed that interactions between …
Genetic Protection Against Hepatitis B Virus Conferred By Ccr5Δ32: Evidence That Ccr5 Contributes To Viral Persistence, Chloe L. Thio, Jacquie Astemborski, Arman A. Bashirova, Timothy L. Mosbruger, Spencer Greer, Mallory D. Witt, James J. Goedert, Margaret Hilgartner, Audrey Majesk, Stephen J. O'Brien, David L. Thomas, Mary Carrington
Genetic Protection Against Hepatitis B Virus Conferred By Ccr5Δ32: Evidence That Ccr5 Contributes To Viral Persistence, Chloe L. Thio, Jacquie Astemborski, Arman A. Bashirova, Timothy L. Mosbruger, Spencer Greer, Mallory D. Witt, James J. Goedert, Margaret Hilgartner, Audrey Majesk, Stephen J. O'Brien, David L. Thomas, Mary Carrington
Biology Faculty Articles
Recovery from acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection requires a broad, vigorous T-cell response, which is enhanced in mice when chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) is missing. To test the hypothesis that production of a nonfunctional CCR5 (CCR5Δ32 [a functionally null allele containing a 32-bp deletion]) increases the likelihood of recovery from hepatitis B in humans, we studied 526 persons from three cohorts in which one person with HBV persistence was matched to two persons who recovered from an HBV infection. Recovery or persistence was determined prior to availability of lamivudine. We determined genotypes forCCR5Δ32 …
Bird Movement Predicts Buggy Creek Virus Infection In Insect Vectors, Charles R. Brown, Mary Bomberger Brown, Amy T. Moore, Nicholas Komar
Bird Movement Predicts Buggy Creek Virus Infection In Insect Vectors, Charles R. Brown, Mary Bomberger Brown, Amy T. Moore, Nicholas Komar
School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications
Predicting the spatial foci of zoonotic diseases is a major challenge for epidemiologists and disease ecologists. Migratory birds are often thought to be responsible for introducing some aviozoonotic pathogens such as West Nile and avian influenza viruses to a local area, but most information on how bird movement correlates with virus prevalence is anecdotal or indirect. We report that the prevalence of Buggy Creek virus (BCRV) infection in cimicid swallow bugs (Oeciacus vicarius), the principal invertebrate vector for this virus, was directly associated with the likelihood of movement by cliff swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota), an amplifying host …
Ecological Correlates Of Buggy Creek Virus Infection In Oeciacus Vicarius, Southwestern Nebraska, 2004, Amy T. Moore, Eric A. Edwards, Mary Bomberger Brown, Nicholas Komar, Charles R. Brown
Ecological Correlates Of Buggy Creek Virus Infection In Oeciacus Vicarius, Southwestern Nebraska, 2004, Amy T. Moore, Eric A. Edwards, Mary Bomberger Brown, Nicholas Komar, Charles R. Brown
School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications
Buggy Creek virus (family Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, BCRV) is an alphavirus within the western equine encephalitis virus complex whose primary vector is the swallow bug, Oeciacus vicarius Horvath (Hemiptera: Cimicidae), an ectoparasite of the colonially nesting cliff swallow, Petrochelidon pyrrhonota, that is also a frequent host for the virus.We investigated ecological correlates of BCRV infection in 100-bug pools at 14 different swallow colony sites in southwestern Nebraska from summer 2004, by using plaque assay on Vero cells to identify cytopathic virus and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to identify noncytopathic viral RNA. We found 26.7% of swallow bug pools …
Poxviral B1 Kinase Overcomes Barrier To Autointegration Factor, A Host Defense Against Virus Replication, Matthew S. Wiebe, Paula Traktman
Poxviral B1 Kinase Overcomes Barrier To Autointegration Factor, A Host Defense Against Virus Replication, Matthew S. Wiebe, Paula Traktman
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Barrier to autointegration factor (BAF) is a DNA-binding protein found in the nucleus and cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells that functions to establish nuclear architecture during mito-sis. Herein, we demonstrate a cytoplasmic role for BAF in host defense during poxviral infections. Vaccinia is the prototypic poxvirus, a family of DNA viruses that replicate ex-clusively in the cytoplasm of infected cells. Mutations in the vaccinia B1 kinase (B1) com-promise viral DNA replication, but the mechanism by which B1 achieves this has remained elusive. We now show that BAF acts as a potent inhibitor of poxvirus replication unless its DNA-binding activity is blocked …
Aids-Associated Viral Oncogenesis: Overview, Charles Wood
Aids-Associated Viral Oncogenesis: Overview, Charles Wood
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
It has been 25 years since the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was first described and over 23 years since the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) associated with the disease was first discovered. In spite of the tremendous progress that was made in understanding both the disease and the virus, there are still millions of people infected, died, or living with the disease. As for the year 2005 alone, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (http://www.UNAIDS.org) estimates that there are about 40 million people living with HIV/AIDS globally, and approximately 3 million people died from AIDS in the year. Globally, it …
Modulation Of Retroviral Restriction And Proteasome Inhibitor-Resistant Turnover By Changes In The Trim5Α B-Box 2 Domain, Felipe Diaz-Griffero, Alak Kar, Michel Perron, Shi-Hua Xiang, Hassan Javanbakht, Xing Li, Joseph Sodroski
Modulation Of Retroviral Restriction And Proteasome Inhibitor-Resistant Turnover By Changes In The Trim5Α B-Box 2 Domain, Felipe Diaz-Griffero, Alak Kar, Michel Perron, Shi-Hua Xiang, Hassan Javanbakht, Xing Li, Joseph Sodroski
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
An intact B-box 2 domain is essential for the antiretroviral activity of TRIM5α. We modeled the structure of the B-box 2 domain of TRIM5α based on the existing three-dimensional structure of the B-box 2 domain of human TRIM29. Using this model, we altered the residues predicted to be exposed on the surface of this globular structure. Most of the alanine substitutions in these residues exerted little effect on the antiretroviral activity of human TRIM5αhu or rhesus monkey TRIM5αrh. However, alteration of arginine 119 of TRIM5αhu or the corresponding arginine 121 of TRIM5αrh diminished the abilities of …
Viral Diseases Of The Fetus, Clayton L. Kelling
Viral Diseases Of The Fetus, Clayton L. Kelling
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is one of the most commonly encountered and economically important pathogens of cattle in North America. Since the mid-20th century, BVDV has been recognized as a significant cause of disease of the gastrointestinal system. The impact of BVDV on reproduction was not perceived for another 30 years, when the occurrence of persistent infection in imunotolerant cattle was described.
BVDV infections may occur in cattle as acute illness- that is, bovine viral diarrhea (BVD)-or as a generally chronic condition-mucosal disease. When susceptible regnant cattle are infected with BVDV, transplacental infections usually occur. Transplacental infections may lead …
Prion Interference Is Due To A Reduction In Strain-Specific PrpSc Levels, Jason C. Bartz, Michelle L. Kramer, Meghan H. Sheehan, Jessica A. L. Hutter, Jacob I. Ayers, Richard A. Bessen, Anthony E. Kincaid
Prion Interference Is Due To A Reduction In Strain-Specific PrpSc Levels, Jason C. Bartz, Michelle L. Kramer, Meghan H. Sheehan, Jessica A. L. Hutter, Jacob I. Ayers, Richard A. Bessen, Anthony E. Kincaid
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
When two prion strains infect a single host, one strain can interfere with the ability of the other to cause disease but it is not known whether prion replication of the second strain is also diminished. To further investigate strain interference, we infected hamsters in the sciatic nerve with the long-incubation-period transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME) agent DY TME prior to superinfection of hamsters with the short-incubation-period HY TME agent. Increases in the interval between TME agent inoculations resulted in an extension of the incubation period of HY TME or a complete block of the ability of the HY TME agent …
Traditional Practices And Exposure To Bodily Fluids In Lusaka, Zambia, Janet M. Wojcicki, Chipepo Kankasa, Charles Mitchell, Charles Wood
Traditional Practices And Exposure To Bodily Fluids In Lusaka, Zambia, Janet M. Wojcicki, Chipepo Kankasa, Charles Mitchell, Charles Wood
Papers in Virology
Objectives To ascertain if there are specific sociocultural and behavioral practices associated with the exposure to saliva, semen and vaginal fluids, particularly through child-rearing practices and the use of traditional medicine in Lusaka, Zambia. Methods We conducted 11 focus group discussions with men and women from diverse ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds (n = 105) in Lusaka, Zambia in March 2004. We also conducted a brief sociodemographic survey of all focus group participants. Results Discussions indicated that saliva was used while engaging in home health care practices associated with childcare and the use of traditional medicine. Additionally, semen and vaginal …
On A Multinational Assessment Of Rotavirus Disease In Europe, David O. Matson
On A Multinational Assessment Of Rotavirus Disease In Europe, David O. Matson
Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications
Rotaviruses were discovered in the 1960s in animals and in the 1970s in humans; the latter discovery was made by an intrepid group who performed duodenal biopsies on children with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) [1]. By the late 1970s, data already clearly indicated that rotavirus was the cause of the annual winter peak of AGE affecting young children, as well as a frequent cause of severe gastroenteritis in various animal species (e.g., [2–5]). Use of the retrospectroscope clarified or left as tantalizing the suggestion that rotaviruses were the cause of the annual “winter vomiting syndrome” first described in children in 1910 …
Structural Definition Of A Conserved Neutralization Epitope On Hiv-1 Gp120, Tongqing Zhou, Ling Xu, Barna Dey, Ann J. Hessell, Donald Van Ryk, Shi-Hua Xiang, Xinzhen Yang, Mei-Yun Zhang, Michael B. Zwick, James Arthos, Dennis R. Burton, Dimiter S. Dimitrov, Joseph Sodroski, Richard Wyatt, Gary J. Nabel, Peter D. Kwong
Structural Definition Of A Conserved Neutralization Epitope On Hiv-1 Gp120, Tongqing Zhou, Ling Xu, Barna Dey, Ann J. Hessell, Donald Van Ryk, Shi-Hua Xiang, Xinzhen Yang, Mei-Yun Zhang, Michael B. Zwick, James Arthos, Dennis R. Burton, Dimiter S. Dimitrov, Joseph Sodroski, Richard Wyatt, Gary J. Nabel, Peter D. Kwong
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
The remarkable diversity, glycosylation and conformational flexibility of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope (Env), including substantial rearrangement of the gp120 glycoprotein upon binding the CD4 receptor, allow it to evade antibody-mediated neutralization. Despite this complexity, the HIV-1 Env must retain conserved determinants that mediate CD4 binding. To evaluate how these determinants might provide opportunities for antibody recognition, we created variants of gp120 stabilized in the CD4-bound state, assessed binding of CD4 and of receptor-binding-site antibodies, and determined the structure at 2.3Å resolution of the broadly neutralizing antibody b12 in complex with gp120. b12 binds to a conformationally …
Structures Of The Ccr5 N Terminus And Of A Tyrosine-Sulfated Antibody With Hiv-1 Gp120 And Cd4, Chih-Chin Huang, Son N. Lam, Priyamvada Acharya, Min Tang, Shi-Hua Xiang, Syed Shahzad-Ul Hussan, Robyn L. Stanfield, James Robinson, Ian A. Wilson, Richard Wyatt, Carole A. Bewley, Peter D. Kwong
Structures Of The Ccr5 N Terminus And Of A Tyrosine-Sulfated Antibody With Hiv-1 Gp120 And Cd4, Chih-Chin Huang, Son N. Lam, Priyamvada Acharya, Min Tang, Shi-Hua Xiang, Syed Shahzad-Ul Hussan, Robyn L. Stanfield, James Robinson, Ian A. Wilson, Richard Wyatt, Carole A. Bewley, Peter D. Kwong
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
The CCR5 co-receptor binds to the HIV-l gp120 envelope glycoprotein and facilitates HIV-l entry into cells. Its N terminus is tyrosine-sulfated, as are many antibodies that react with the co-receptor binding site on gp120. We applied nuclear magnetic resonance and crystallographic techniques to analyze the structure of the CCR5 N terminus and that of the tyrosine-sulfated antibody 412d in complex with gp120 and CD4. The conformations of tyrosine-sulfated regions of CCR5 (α-helix) and 412d (extendedloop) are surprisingly different. Nonetheless, a critical sulfotyrosine on CCR5 and on 412d induces similar structural rearrangements in gp120. These results now provide a framework for …
Functional Interplay Between The B-Box 2 And The B30.2(Spry) Domains Of Trim5Α, Xi Ling, Byeongwoon Song, Shi-Hua Xiang, Joseph Sodroski
Functional Interplay Between The B-Box 2 And The B30.2(Spry) Domains Of Trim5Α, Xi Ling, Byeongwoon Song, Shi-Hua Xiang, Joseph Sodroski
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
The retroviral restriction factors, TRIM5α and TRIMCyp, consist of RING and B-box 2 domains separated by a coiled coil from carboxy-terminal domains. These carboxy-terminal domains (the B30.2(SPRY) domain in TRIM5α and the cyclophilin A domain in TRIMCyp) recognize the retroviral capsid. Here we show that some B-box 2 changes in TRIM5α, but not in TRIMCyp, resulted in decreased human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) capsid binding. The phenotypic effects of these B-box 2 changes on the restriction of retroviral infection depended on the potency of restriction and the affinity of the TRIM5α interaction with the viral capsid, two properties specified by the …
Characterization Of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Monomeric And Trimeric Gp120 Glycoproteins Stabilized In The Cd4-Bound State: Antigenicity, Biophysics, And Immunogenicity, Barna Dey, Marie Pancera, Krisha Svehla, Yuuei Shu, Shi-Hua Xiang, Jeffrey Vainshtein, Yuxing Li, Joseph Sodroski, Peter D. Kwong, John R. Mascola, Richard Wyatt
Characterization Of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Monomeric And Trimeric Gp120 Glycoproteins Stabilized In The Cd4-Bound State: Antigenicity, Biophysics, And Immunogenicity, Barna Dey, Marie Pancera, Krisha Svehla, Yuuei Shu, Shi-Hua Xiang, Jeffrey Vainshtein, Yuxing Li, Joseph Sodroski, Peter D. Kwong, John R. Mascola, Richard Wyatt
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 exterior gp120 envelope glycoprotein is highly flexible, and this flexibility may contribute to the inability of monomeric gp120 immunogens to elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies. We previously showed that an S375W modification of a critical interfacial cavity central to the primary receptor binding site, the Phe43 cavity, stabilizes gp120 into the CD4-bound state. However, the immunological effects of this cavity-altering replacement were never tested. Subsequently, we screened other mutations that, along with the S375W alteration, might further stabilize the CD4-bound state. Here, we define a selected second cavity-altering replacement, T257S, and analyze the double mutations …
Georgeoral Immunization Of Rhesus Macaques With Adenoviral Hiv Vaccines Using Enteric-Coated Capsules, George T. Mercier, Pramod N. Nehete, Marco F. Passeri, Bharti N. Nehete, Eric A. Weaver, Nancy Smyth Templeton, Kimberly Schluns, Stephanie S. Buchl, K. Jagannadha Sastry, Michael A. Barry
Georgeoral Immunization Of Rhesus Macaques With Adenoviral Hiv Vaccines Using Enteric-Coated Capsules, George T. Mercier, Pramod N. Nehete, Marco F. Passeri, Bharti N. Nehete, Eric A. Weaver, Nancy Smyth Templeton, Kimberly Schluns, Stephanie S. Buchl, K. Jagannadha Sastry, Michael A. Barry
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Targeted delivery of vaccine candidates to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract holds potential for mucosal immunization, particularly against mucosal pathogens like the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Among the different strategies for achieving targeted release in the GI tract, namely the small intestine, pH sensitive enteric coating polymers have been shown to protect solid oral dosage forms from the harsh digestive environment of the stomach and dissolve relatively rapidly in the small intestine by taking advantage of the luminal pH gradient. We developed an enteric polymethacrylate formulation for coating hydroxy-propyl-methyl-cellulose (HPMC) capsules containing lyophilized Adenoviral type 5 (Ad5) vectors expressing HIV-1 gag …
A Protein Encoded By The Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Latency-Related Gene Interacts With Specific Cellular Regulatory Proteins, Including Ccaat Enhancer Binding Protein Alpha, Florencia Meyer, Sandra Perez, Vicki Geiser, Mark Sintek, Melissa Inman, Clinton J. Jones
A Protein Encoded By The Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Latency-Related Gene Interacts With Specific Cellular Regulatory Proteins, Including Ccaat Enhancer Binding Protein Alpha, Florencia Meyer, Sandra Perez, Vicki Geiser, Mark Sintek, Melissa Inman, Clinton J. Jones
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Following acute infection, bovine herpesvirus 1 establishes latency in sensory neurons of trigeminal ganglia (TG). Reactivation from latency occurs periodically, resulting in the shedding of infectious virus. The latency-related (LR) RNA is abundantly expressed in TG of latently infected calves, and the expression of LR proteins is necessary for dexamethasone-induced reactivation from latency. Previously published studies also identified an alternatively spliced LR transcript which is abundantly expressed in TG at 7 days after infection and has the potential to encode a novel LR fusion protein. Seven days after infection is when extensive viral gene expression is extinguished in TG and …