Marine Biology Commons^™

Impacts Of Wastewater Treatment Facilities On Receiving Water Quality, Stephen H. Jones

PREP Reports & Publications

The Squamscott River has had extended episodes of low dissolved oxygen (DO) that have been recorded at a site near its mouth over the past few years. These episodes were recorded as a result of temporally intensive monitoring by a datasonde, whereas data for the rest of the river has been spotty. Thus, the spatial extent of low DO episodes is not known. This study was designed to better characterize the spatial extent of DO conditions along the full length of the river, as well as to determine nutrient and other water quality parameters along the transect to help understand …

The Impacts Of Impervious Surfaces On Water Resources, Nhep, New Hampshire Estuaries Project

PREP Reports & Publications

No abstract provided.

Fisheries Research Report No.161 - Distribution And Abundance Of Juvenile Pink Snapper, Pagrus Auratus, In The Gulfs Of Shark Bay, Western Australia, From Trap Surveys, Gary Jackson, C. Burton, Michael J. Moran, Ben Radford

Fisheries Research Reports

Trap surveys using Antillean-Z fish traps were carried out across a range of depths and habitat types in the gulfs of Shark Bay between 1998 and 2000. Objectives of the study were (i) to evaluate the efficiency of the fish traps in catching 0+ and 1+ pink snapper (Pagrus auratus), (ii) to investigate the distribution and abundance of juvenile pink snapper in both gulfs using trap surveys, (iii) to investigate the influence of environmental factors including habitat-type on the distribution of juvenile pink snapper and, (iv) to develop trap indices of 0+ relative abundance and assess their use for monitoring …

Shark Bay Prawn And Scallop Fisheries. Draft Review Report, Department Of Fisheries Western Australia

Fisheries Management Papers

In recent times, the Department of Fisheries has received representations from both sectors about the ongoing interaction of the fisheries and their respective management settings. As a result, a decision was made to comprehensively review the fisheries, taking into account matters of fishery sustainability and gear interactions, together with industry economics and market considerations. The review has also addressed research requirements to ensure an appropriate scientific basis for decision-making into the future.

Spring 2007, Nsu Oceanographic Center

Currents

No abstract provided.

Stalked Crinoid Locomotion, And Its Ecological And Evolutionary Implications, Tomasz K. Baumiller, Charles G. Messing

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

In the past two decades, much direct evidence has been gathered on active crawling by stalked crinoids, a group generally thought to be sessile. Detailed descriptions of crawling mechanics of isocrinids in aquaria revealed only exceedingly slow movements (~0.1 mm sec^-1). Crawling at such speeds severely restricted the range of roles that this behavior could play in stalked crinoid biology and, consequently, in its potential impact on their ecology and evolutionary history. Here, we provide evidence collected in situ by submersible near Grand Bahama Island at a depth of 420 m for a different mode of crawling in …

Behavioral Enhancement Of Onshore Transport By Postlarval Caribbean Spiny Lobster (Panulirus Argus), Jason Seth Goldstein

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

The onshore transport of meroplanktonic marine larvae or postlarvae is often complex, involving both active (i.e., behavior, swimming) and passive (i.e., oceanographic elements) transport mechanisms. Behaviors that modify passive transport have presumably evolved to situate larvae in settlement habitats where survival is enhanced. Active transport mechanisms have not been described for the puerulus postlarvae of any species of spiny lobster, despite their extraordinary mobility and known preference for specific settlement habitats. In the Florida Keys, for example, Caribbean spiny lobster (Panulirus argus) pueruli travel from oceanic waters into coastal areas where they settle within bushy, red macroalgae. I …

Interactions Between Phytoplankton And Bacteria In The Uptake Of Organic Compounds, Andrea Michel Rocha

OES Theses and Dissertations

The most common methods for estimating bacterial productivity are [³H]-leucine and [³H]-thymidine incorporation. Uptake of these compounds has been attributed primarily to bacteria; however, because dissolved organic nitrogen may be an important N source for some phytoplankton, the use of these compounds to estimate bacterial productivity needs to be reexamined. In order to ascertain whether phytoplankton could compete with bacteria on relevant timescales and thereby bias bacterial productivity estimates in estuaries, I examined the ability of cultured phytoplankton and size-fractionated natural populations to take up leucine and thymidine in systems seasonally dominated by phytoplankton mixotrophs. In …

2006 Great Bay Organic Nitrogen (Pon & Don) And Light Extinction (Par) Monitoring Program, Jonathan Pennock

PREP Reports & Publications

Nitrogen is most often considered to be the limiting nutrient for plant growth in marine waters. As a result, knowledge of nitrogen loading and ambient water-column concentrations are considered to be critical to understanding the response of aquatic ecosystems to nutrient over-enrichment—a process known as eutrophication when it results in the excess production of organic matter.

Plant production in many estuarine systems may also be limited by light availability as a result of high levels of turbidity in the water resulting from sediments, dissolved organic matter, and phytoplankton in the water column. Light limitation resulting from human-induced increases in turbidity …

2006 Great Bay Water Quality (Datasonde) Monitoring Program, Jonathan Pennock

PREP Reports & Publications

In situ water quality assessment has become an important source of data for monitoring, research and management activities in estuaries nationwide. As part of the National Estuarine Research Reserve System, the Great Bay System-Wide Monitoring Program (SWMP) produces in situ water quality data for four sites in and around Great Bay. This project extends the SWMP program to include year-round in situ data for a station at the University of New Hampshire Coastal Marine Lab pier at the mouth of the Piscataqua River and summmer data for a station in the Salmon Falls (SF) River. This suite of stations provides …

Particulate Organic Carbon Fluxes Along Upwelling-Dominated Continental Margins: Rates And Mechanisms, Robert C. Thunell, Claudia Benitez-Nelson, Ramon Varela, Yrene Astor, Frank E. Muller-Karger

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Time series sediment trap samples were used to examine the rates and mechanisms of particulate organic carbon (POC) flux at three continental margin locations, Santa Barbara Basin, Cariaco Basin, and Guaymas Basin, marked by seasonal upwelling and high primary production. The mean POC flux in Santa Barbara Basin (0.096 g m⁻² d⁻¹) is nearly twice that of Cariaco Basin and 4 times higher than that in Guaymas Basin, with all three sites having POC fluxes significantly higher than the open ocean average (0.007 g m⁻² d⁻¹). In Cariaco Basin, the only site with available …

Euphotic Zone Depth: Its Derivation And Implication To Ocean-Color Remote Sensing, Zhongping Lee, Alan Weidemann, John Kindle, Robert Arnone, Kendall L. Carder, Curtiss Davis

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Euphotic zone depth, z_1%, reflects the depth where photosynthetic available radiation (PAR) is 1% of its surface value. The value of z_1% is a measure of water clarity, which is an important parameter regarding ecosystems. Based on the Case‐1 water assumption, z_1% can be estimated empirically from the remotely derived concentration of chlorophyll‐a ([Chl]), commonly retrieved by employing band ratios of remote sensing reflectance (R_rs). Recently, a model based on water's inherent optical properties (IOPs) has been developed to describe the vertical attenuation of visible solar radiation. Since IOPs can be near‐analytically calculated …

Development Of Gis Maps For Southeast Florida Coral Reefs, Bernhard Riegl, Brian K. Walker, Greg Foster, Kristy Foster

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports

The present report outlines the results of an integrated mapping project undertaken to provide habitat maps of the shallow Palm Beach County seafloor between the 6m and 35m contours. This study is a continuation of a similar mapping study undertaken in Broward County, and results were produced such that a seamless and fully compatible mapping product is now available for both counties. The study area stretched from 26.4429o (E. Linton Blvd) in the south to 26.9590o (Jupiter Inlet) in the north. Compatibility with other, in particular NOAA, mapping products was also assured. Data types used in this mapping effort included …

Multivariate Reconstruction Of Missing Data In Sea Surface Temperature, Chlorophyll, And Wind Satellite Fields, Aida Alvera-Azcarate, Alexander Barth, J. M. Beckers, Robert H. Weisberg

Marine Science Faculty Publications

An empirical orthogonal function–based technique called Data Interpolating Empirical Orthogonal Functions (DINEOF) is used in a multivariate approach to reconstruct missing data. Sea surface temperature (SST), chlorophyll a concentration, and QuikSCAT winds are used to assess the benefit of a multivariate reconstruction. In particular, the combination of SST plus chlorophyll, SST plus lagged SST plus chlorophyll, and SST plus lagged winds have been studied. To assess the quality of the reconstructions, the reconstructed SST and winds have been compared to in situ data. The combination of SST plus chlorophyll, as well as SST plus lagged SST plus chlorophyll, significantly improves …

Nhep Buffer Outreach 2005 - 2006, Jodi Castallo

PREP Reports & Publications

The purpose of the buffer outreach project is to provide education, assistance, and tools to the coastal watershed towns so that they will understand the importance of buffers for water quality and quantity, the need to enhance their own town’s buffer protections, and how to move forward with enacting new buffer protection measures. These activities helped implement several Action Plans from the Management Plan. NHEP staff developed a buffer presentation, a marketing brochure for the presentation, and a webpage devoted to buffer information. One presentation was given at a public hearing in New Durham. NHEP funded several buffer related projects …

Conservation Audit And Stewardship Plan, Christopher Kane

PREP Reports & Publications

The Town of North Hampton, NH contains significant portions of two river drainages - the Little River which flows directly into the Atlantic Ocean, and the Winnicut River which flows northward into the Great Bay estuary. Situated as it is in the watersheds of these two rivers, land use in the Town has a significant effect on the quality of the water bodies into which these rivers flow. Preservation of open space, especially in areas in the vicinity of these rivers and their associated wetlands has been identified as a priority by the Town of North Hampton, and by regional …

Fisheries Research Contract Report No. 18 - Aquatic Animal Health Subprogram: Current And Future Needs For Aquatic Animal Health Training And For Systems For Merit-Based Accreditation And Competency Assessments (Frdc Project No. 2005/641) Final Report, Matt Landos, Navneet Dhand, Brian Jones, Richard Whittington

Fisheries Research Contract Reports

To scope and clearly define current and future needs for aquatic animal health training and for systems for merit-based accreditation and competency assessments.

Provision of high quality aquatic animal health (AAH) services is a complex multidisciplinary activity. Hence, training programs must address all discipline areas to achieve the desired outcome of robust service delivery to meet all stakeholder group needs. The current and future needs for AAH training have been identified across many sectors through survey work and direct interviews with key stakeholders. There is a shortfall in both total capacity and more prominently, in the availability of high skill …

Satellite-Derived Surface Current Divergence In Relation To Tropical Atlantic Sst And Wind, Robert W. Helber, Robert H. Weisberg, Fabrice Bonjean, Eric S. Johnson, Gary S. Lagerloef

Marine Science Faculty Publications

The relationships between tropical Atlantic Ocean surface currents and horizontal (mass) divergence, sea surface temperature (SST), and winds on monthly-to-annual time scales are described for the time period from 1993 through 2003. Surface horizontal mass divergence (upwelling) is calculated using surface currents estimated from satellite sea surface height, surface vector wind, and SST data with a quasi-linear, steady-state model. Geostrophic and Ekman dynamical contributions are considered. The satellite-derived surface currents match climatological drifter and ship-drift currents well, and divergence patterns are consistent with the annual north–south movement of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) and equatorial cold tongue evolution. While the …

Fisheries Occasional Publication 40: A Summary Of Data Collected By The Angler’S Daily Log Book And Fishing Tournament Monitoring Programs In 2004-2006, Kimberley A. Smith, M Hammond, Joshua Brown

Fisheries Occasional Publications

Catch information and biological samples collected by recreational anglers in daily log books can provide valuable information about local fish stocks. The numbers and lengths of important recreational target species can be used to monitor their abundance and population structure, which can form the basis of fishery stock assessments. In addition, the total composition of the catch and observations about fish health provide measures of local biodiversity and ecosystem health. The Department of Fisheries (DoF) Recreational Angler’s Daily Log Book Program was launched in March 2004 as part of the DoF Research Angler Program (RAP). The current log book format …

Effects Of Ice Melting On Grace Observations Of Ocean Mass Trends, Don P. Chambers, Mark E. Tamisiea, R Steven Nerem, John C. Ries

Marine Science Faculty Publications

The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) was designed to measure variations in the Earth's gravity field from space at monthly intervals. Researchers have used these data to measure changes in water mass over various regions, including the global oceans and continental ice sheets covering Greenland and Antarctica. However, GRACE data must be smoothed in these analyses and the effects of geocenter motions are not included. In this study, we examine what effect each of these has in the computation of ocean mass trends using a simulation of ice melting on Greenland, Antarctica, and mountain glaciers. We find that the …

First Record Of A Sleeper Shark In The Western Gulf Of Mexico And Comments On Taxonomic Uncertainty Within Somniosus (Somniosus), George W. Benz, Eric R. Hoffmayer, William B. Driggers, Dan Allen, Lougan E. Bishop, David A. Brown

Faculty Publications

A sleeper shark, Somniosus (Somniosus) sp., is reported from Alaminos Canyon in the western Gulf of Mexico at a depth of about 2647 m based on observations made using a remotely operated vehicle. This is the first record of a sleeper shark (Somniosus, Somniosidae) from the western Gulf of Mexico and deepest record of any shark from the Gulf of Mexico. Despite claims to the contrary in the literature, no taxonomic character has been identified to date that can be used to unequivocally identify all representatives of Somniosus (Somniosus), and as a result, some species records must be considered dubious.

Grass Shrimp (Palaemonetes Spp.) Play A Pivotal Trophic Role In Enhancing Ruppia Maritima, Donna Drury Mccall, Chet R. Rakocinski

Faculty Publications

Coupled trophic-engineer interactions are potentially important for maintaining habitat function and ecosystem services. As ephemeral submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV), Ruppia maritima has a short well-defined growth-senescence cycle and should benefit from any ecological interaction that enhances its physical condition and longevity. Grass shrimp (Palaemonetes spp.) are abundant facultative grazers of epiphytic algae and conveyors of nutrients in tidal marsh and SAV habitats. Grass shrimp addition consistently enhanced Ruppia biomass and shoot density in a series of three field experiments conducted in Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, Mississippi, USA. In two experiments, epiphyte grazing by grass shrimp enhanced Ruppia by …

Testing Of Great Bay Oysters For Two Protazoan Pathogens, John I. Nelson

PREP Reports & Publications

Two protozoan pathogens, Haplosporidium nelsoni (MSX) and Perkinsus marinus (Dermo) are known to be present in Great Bay oysters. With funds provided by the New Hampshire Estuaries Project (NHEP), the Marine Fisheries Division of New Hampshire Fish and Game Department, (NHF&G) continues to assess the presence and intensity of both disease conditions in oysters from the major beds, some open for harvest, within the Great Bay estuarine system. Histological examination of Great Bay oysters has also revealed other endoparasites.

New Record Of The Rare Amphidromous Gobiid Genus, Lentipes (Teleostei:Gobiidae) From Taiwan With The Comparison Of Japanese Population, I-Shiung Chen, Toshiyuki Suzuki, You-Hua Cheng, Chiao-Chuan Han, Yu-Min Ju, Lee-Shing Fang

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

The very rare species of sicydiine gobiid genus, Lentipes Günther, 1861 has been found first time from Taiwanese waters. The species can be identified as Lentipes armatus Sakai and Nakamura, 1979 previously proposed as Japanese endemic species, and was listed in the 5-star ranking red-list as one critically endangered species of Japan. The diagnosis and redescription of current species from Taiwanese and Japanese specimens are reported herein. The distribution range of current rare species extends to Taiwan including Lanyu (Orchid island) off eastern coast proved that this species is not Japanese endemic. The morphological comparison of Taiwan and Japanese populations …

Conservation Easement Monitoring-Brentwood, Jodi Castallo

PREP Reports & Publications

No abstract provided.

Town Of New Durham Zoning & Land Use Odinance, New Durham Planning Board

PREP Reports & Publications

The surface waters (streams, rivers, lakes and ponds) and wetlands of New Durham supply drinking water, wildlife habitat, and recreation opportunities for the community. In order to preserve these critically important resources New Durham shall require conservation and land management practices which minimize environmental degradation and alteration of scenic and rural character.

Fisheries Research Report No.159 - A 12-Month Survey Of Recreational Estuarine Fishing In The South Coast Bioregion Of Western Australia During 2002/03, C.B. Smallwood, N. R. Sumner

Fisheries Research Reports

The Recreational Fisheries Program of the Department of Fisheries, Western Australia, has a strategic plan to conduct comprehensive creel surveys of recreational fishing in each of the state’s marine bioregions (Penn et al., 2003). These bioregions are the West Coast, Gascoyne, Pilbara/ Kimberley and South Coast (Figure 1). To record and monitor changes in recreational catch and fishing effort, an integrated approach where all bioregions are to be surveyed on a regular basis was proposed. Until this study, the South Coast was the only bioregion in which a survey of recreational fishing had not been undertaken. Although originally intended to …

Nh Department Of Helath And Human Services Public Health Laboratories Shellfish Program Activites January 2006 – December 2006, Peter C. Wikoff

PREP Reports & Publications

The Department of Health and Human Services-New Hampshire Public Health Laboratories (DHHS-NHPHL) has continued to carry out various actions providing laboratory analyses for the routine water quality monitoring, “Red Tide” monitoring, and additional testing after rainfall, excess sewage treatment plant, and emergency events.

Preliminary Observations On The Reproductive Cycle And Uterine Fecundity Of The Yellow Stingray, Urobatis Jamaicensis (Elasmobranchii: Mylioba Tiformes: Urolophidae) In Southeast Florida, U.S.A., Daniel P. Fahy, Richard E. Spieler, William C. Hamlett

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

The yellow stingray, Urobatis jamaicensis is the most common elasmobranch observed among the coral reefs and associated habitats of Southeast Florida, U.S.A. In coastal waters off Broward County, Florida, gravid females were observed throughout the year. Urobatis jamaicensis is an aplacental viviparous species with evidence of a short gestation period (five to six months). Vitellogenesis occurs concurrently with gestation, with the females having both term fetuses and mature ova simultaneously. It is likely that the females have a bi-annual reproductive cycle where each female is capable of producing two broods annually. The ovulation period in the spring/summer reproductive cycle ranged …

Progressive Dolomitization Of Florida Limestone Recorded By Alkaline Earth Element Concentrations In Saline, Geothermal, Submarine Springs, Johan Schijf, Robert H. Byrne

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Studies in the late 1970s revealed that the effluents of saline, geothermal, submarine springs on the West Florida Shelf have compositions nearly identical to seawater, except for distinct Ca enrichments and Mg depletions, probably resulting from dolomitization. During annual visits between 1996 and 2003 we collected high‐purity effluents from four submarine springs and from Warm Mineral Springs (WMS), which is located on land. Filtered effluents were analyzed for major ions and for Sr and Ba. These analyses confirm the seawater‐like composition of the effluents as well as the Ca enrichment and Mg depletion. The alkaline earth elements Sr and Ba, …