Marine Biology Commons^™

On The Approximation Of The Coriolis Terms In C-Grid Models, Dmitri A. Nechaev, Max Yaremchuk

Faculty Publications

A new representation of the Coriolis terms on the Arakawa C grid is proposed. The approximation dumps the grid-scale noise that arises because of spatial averaging of the Coriolis terms when the grid spacing is larger than the deformation radius. The proposed approximation can also be applied in C-grid schemes with semi-implicit treatment of the Coriolis terms. The new scheme is analyzed in the context of the linear inertial-gravity waves and its advantageous behavior is demonstrated with respect to the conventional technique.

Fisheries Research Contract Report No. 9 - Enhancing The Emergency Disease Response Capability Of The Western Australian Department Of Fisheries And Industry Bodies Associated With Freshwater Crayfish. Aquatic Animal Health Subprogram: Frdc Project No. 2003/671, Frances Stephens, Brian Jones, Iain East, Karina Scott, Simon Bennison

Fisheries Research Contract Reports

CRAYFISH PLAGUE IS A MAJOR DISEASE AFFECTING FRESHWATER CRAYFISH IN SOME AREAS OF THE WORLD. THE DISEASE HAS NEVER BEEN REPORTED IN AUSTRALIA. THE SIMULATION EXERCISE THAT WAS UNDERTAKEN AS PART OF THIS PROJECT WAS A RESPONSE TO A FICTITIOUS OUTBREAK OF CRAYFISH PLAGUE.

Funding for this project was provided to enable an exercise simulating an outbreak of crayfish plague to be conducted in Western Australia. Crayfish plague is a fungal disease (Aphanomyces astaci) that has devastated some freshwater crayfish populations in Europe but has never been recorded in Australia. The exercise was planned arounda fictitious outbreak of crayfish plague …

Oyster Reef Mapping In The Great Bay Estuary, New Hampshire - 2003, Grizzle, R, Raymond E. Grizzle, Melissa Brodeur

PREP Reports & Publications

In New Hampshire, the locations, sizes, and shapes of the major oyster, Crassostrea virginica, reefs have been determined using a variety of techniques. The most recent survey occurred in 2001 when four (Nannie Island, Woodman Point, Adams Point, and Oyster River) of the six largest reefs were mapped using a combination of acoustic sounders, videography, and quadrat sampling. The present project required mapping the boundaries in order to determine the size of the remaining two major reefs in the Great Bay Estuary: Squamscott River and Piscataqua River. Underwater videography was used in the present study to determine the boundaries of …

The Fishing Ground Formation Of Sergestid Shrimp (Sergia Lucens) In The Coastal Waters Of Southwestern Taiwan, Kuo-Tien Lee, Cheng-Hsin Liao, Wei-Cheng Su, Sheng-Hsiung Hsieh, Hsueh-Jung Lu

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

The aggregation mechanism of sergestid shrimp (Sergia lucens) in the coastal waters of southwestern Taiwan was studies based on the eleven monthly cruises data including temperature, salinity, nutrients, phytoplankton and zooplankton, collected by research vessel Hai-Fu from August 1999 to June 2000. Mean while, the CPUE (kg/hour) of the shrimp were also estimated from 16 selected sampling vessels. The results indicated that the shrimp aggregates near two major fishing grounds Kaoping River estuary and Fangliao canyon in the coastal waters of southwestern Taiwan at the depth stratum from 100 to 200m, water temperature in the range of 15-22°C and salinity …

Copepods From Shore And Offshore Waters Of Pakistan, Quddusi B. Kazmi

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

This report is a history of copepodology based on the review of previously recorded species of copepods from Pakistan (Arabian Sea) by Pakistani workers and other contemporary surveys. The plankton samples studied are the epipelagic copepods collected during the Northern Arabian Sea Ecological and Environmental Research (NASEER) Cruise I (January 7-22, 1992) and Cruise IV (May 10-21, 1994). Some planktonic and phytal species obtained from a U.S. Office of Naval Research (ONR) project (1993-1995) on living resources in nearshore waters, and interstitial species obtained during a preliminary survey ONR (1998-2000) of the interstitial copepods carried out for the first time …

Evaluating The Stormwater Treatment Performance Of Abtech Industries Smart Sponge® Plus, Landry, N, Scott Nolan, Stephen H. Jones, Natalie Landry

PREP Reports & Publications

The ability of AbTech’s Smart Sponge® Plus to remove fecal-borne bacteria from stormwater was evaluated in a storm drainage system located in Seabrook, New Hampshire. The Smart Sponge ® Plus was installed into a water quality inlet and samples were collected from influent (pre-treatment) and effluent (post-treatment) for analysis of bacterial concentrations and loadings during 15 storm events from September 3, 2003 to May 24, 2004, excluding winter months. The 15 storms included events with a range of rainfall intensities and amounts, as well as accompanying runoff volumes. Flow weighted composite samples were analyzed for fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli and …

Preliminary Observations Of Global Ocean Mass Variations With Grace, D. Chambers, J. Wahr, R Steven Nerem

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Monthly estimates of the Earth's gravitational field from the GRACE mission are used to construct a time‐series of global mean ocean mass variations between August 2002 and December 2003. This time‐series is compared to a mean climatology determined from satellite altimeter measurements of global mean sea level corrected for the steric variation. The GRACE observations show a seasonal exchange of water mass with the continents of the same magnitude (∼8.5 mm) and phase (maximum in early‐ to mid‐October) as the steric‐corrected altimetry. This is one of the first direct validations over the ocean of the primary GRACE science mission to …

Granite State Poll For New Hampshire Estuaries Project, Andrew E. Smith, Dennis M. Junius

PREP Reports & Publications

The University of New Hampshire Survey Center included a question on its July 2004 Granite State Poll for the New Hampshire Estuaries Project. The major purposes of these questions were to assess the knowledge of New Hampshire residents concerning the meaning of an estuary. Five hundred and nine (509) New Hampshire adults were interviewed by telephone between July 6 and July 20, 2004.

Southeast Florida Coral Reef Evaluation And Monitoring Project 2003 Year 1 Final Report, Jennifer Wheaton, Carl Beaver, Walter Jaap, Michael Callahan, Selena Kupfner, Shannon Wade, Jim Kidney, Stopher Slade, Erin Mcdevitt, Eric Ault, Fred Voss, David S. Gilliam, B. D. Ettinger, Daniel P. Fahy, Elizabeth Glynn Fahy, Shaun M. Gill, Jamie A. Monty, Lauren F. Shuman, Brian K. Walker, Richard E. Dodge, Tim Mcintosh, Steven Blair, Kenneth Banks, Louis E. Fisher, David Stout, Joe Ligas, Janet Phipps

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports

No abstract provided.

A Physiochemically Constrained Seawater Culturing System For Production Of Benthic Foraminifera, Christopher J. Hintz, G. Thomas Chandler, Jay M. Bernhardt, Daniel C. Mccorkle, Suzanne M. Havach, Jessica K. Blanks, Timothy J. Shaw

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Tide, Buoyancy, And Wind-Driven Circulation Of The Charlotte Harbor Estuary: A Model Study, Lianyuan Zheng, Robert H. Weisberg

Marine Science Faculty Publications

The circulation of the Charlotte Harbor (CH) estuary is explored with a primitive equation model that encompasses the estuary and the adjacent West Florida Shelf. Tidal forcing is from the shelf through the inlets. We use the M₂, S₂, K₁, and O₁ constituents that account for 95% of the shelf tidal variance. River inflows are by the Peace, Myakka, and Caloosahatchee Rivers at their spring 1998 mean values. Wind effects are considered for upwelling or downwelling favorable winds that are either held constant or allowed to oscillate with varying periodicities. These factors are …

Nhep Monitoring Plan 2004, Version 4- 6/30/04, Trowbridge, P, Phil Trowbridge

PREP Reports & Publications

The NHEP Management Plan presents a series of goals, objectives, and specific actions designed to improve, protect, and enhance the environmental quality of the state’s estuaries, and outlines a process for implementing the Plan’s most critical actions (NHEP, 2000). Measuring the effectiveness of these actions in achieving NHEP goals is an essential part of implementation that will be achieved through a suite of environmental and administrative indicators. This Monitoring Plan describes the methods and data for the indicators that will be used to answer the following question accurately and unambiguously: Are the goals and objectives of the Management Plan being …

Summary Of Freshwater Monitoring Programs In New Hampshire's Coastal Watershed, Trowbridge, P, Phil Trowbridge

PREP Reports & Publications

The New Hampshire Estuaries Project (NHEP) is part of the US Environmental Protection Agency’s National Estuary Program, which is a joint local/state/federal program established under the Clean Water Act with the goal of protecting and enhancing nationally significant estuarine resources. The NHEP uses a Monitoring Plan to track changes in the estuarine environment as a result of the NHEP’s efforts. Up to this point, the Monitoring Plan has focused exclusively on conditions in the estuaries. The purpose of this report is to evaluate the feasibility of including water quality data from the freshwater portion of New Hampshire’s coastal watershed in …

Funding Sources For Key Water Quality Strategies, Craig, M, Matt Craig

PREP Reports & Publications

The New Hampshire Estuaries Project (NHEP) Management Plan, published in 2000, sets forth three goals related to estuarine water quality in the State’s coastal watershed, and twenty Water Quality Action Plans to implement these goals. The goals direct the NHEP to: 1) ensure that New Hampshire’s estuarine waters and tributaries will meet standards forpathogenic bacteria including fecal coliform, E. coli, and Enterocci; 2) ensure that NewHampshire’s estuarine waters, tributaries, sediments, and edible portions of fish, shellfish, other aquatic life, and wildlife will meet standards for priority contaminants such as metals, PCBs, PAHs, and oil and grease; and, 3) ensure that …

Generation, Transport, And Preservation Of The Alkenone-Based U37K' Sea Surface Temperature Index In The Water Column And Sediments Of The Cariaco Basin (Venezuela), Miguel A. Goni, Mark P. Woodworth, Heather L. Aceves, Robert C. Thunell, Eric Tappa, David Black, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Yrene Astor, Ramon Varela

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Alkenone fluxes in the water column of the Cariaco Basin ranged from 12 to 20 μg m⁻² d⁻¹ and were inversely related to upwelling strength. The U₃₇^K′ ratios of sinking particles varied from 0.78 to 0.96 and exhibited seasonal changes that were coherent with a 7°C variation in sea surface temperature (SST). The correlation between SST and U₃₇^K′ ratios closely overlapped with the calibration of Prahl et al. [1988]. Alkenone burial fluxes in Cariaco Basin sediments varied markedly over the past ∼6000 years, ranging from 0.2 to 5 μg m⁻² d^{−1 …}

Rationale For A New Generation Of Indicators For Coastal Waters, Gerald Niemi, Denice Wardrop, Robert Brooks, Susan Anderson, Valerie Brady, Hans Paerl, Chet Rakocinski, Marius Brouwer, Barbara Levinson, Michael Mcdonald

Faculty Publications

More than half the world'S human population lives within 100 km of the coast, and that number is expected to increase by 25% over the next two decades. Consequently, coastal ecosystems are at serious risk. Larger coastal populations and increasing development have led to increased loading of toxic substances, nutrients and pathogens with subsequent algal blooms, hypoxia, beach closures, and damage to coastal fisheries. Recent climate change has led to the rise in sea level with loss of coastal wetlands and saltwater intrusion into coastal aquifers. Coastal resources have traditionally been monitored on a stressor-by-stressor basis such as for nutrient …

Observations Of Watersnake (Nerodia, Colubridae) Predation On Darters (Percidae), Melvin L. Warren Jr., Wendell R. Haag, Amy M. Commens

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Number 47 (June 2004), Southern Fishes Council

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

(June 2004) - Observations of watersnake (Nerodia, Colubridae) predation on darters (Percidae). By Melvin L. Warren, Jr., Wendell R. Haag, and Amy M. Commens

Regional Southeastern Fishes Council Reports

Front Matter, Southeastern Fishes Council

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Regional Reports, Southeastern Fishes Council

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Nhep Water Quality Funding Sources, Matt Craig

PREP Reports & Publications

The New Hampshire Estuaries Project (NHEP) Management Plan, published in 2000, sets forth three goals related to estuarine water quality in the State’s coastal watershed, and twenty Water Quality Action Plans to implement these goals. The goals direct the NHEP to: 1) ensure that New Hampshire’s estuarine waters and tributaries will meet standards for pathogenic bacteria including fecal coliform, E. coli, and Enterocci; 2) ensure that New Hampshire’s estuarine waters, tributaries, sediments, and edible portions of fish, shellfish, other aquatic life, and wildlife will meet standards for priority contaminants such as metals, PCBs, PAHs, and oil and grease; and, 3) …

An Evaluation Of The Use Of Technical Conservation Measures Within The Inshore Mixed Fishery Of Dingle Bay, Co. Kerry, Ireland., Tony Holmes

Theses

Discarding has been identified as a global problem in fisheries. ICES, the EU and national governments have prioritised studying discarding as an area of research. In conjunction with Bord Iascaigh Mhara (BIM), the Marine Institute, Institute of Technology, Tralee and the Dingle Bay Inshore Management Development committee a study of the impacts of incorporating technical conservation measures (TCM’s) into trawls was undertaken. TCM’s under investigation included 80mm and 90mm square mesh panels inserted in the top-sheet before the cod-end, 100mm codends and a separator trawl. It was found that boats using 100mm cod-ends produced less discards than when towing standard …

Wetlands Evaluation Project, Joyce El Kouarti

PREP Reports & Publications

This New Hampshire Estuaries Project (NHEP) grant funded a study to identify and evaluate significant wetlands within the six towns that comprise Moose Mountains Regional Greenways (MMRG): Brookfield, Farmington, Middleton, Milton, New Durham and Wakefield. The goals of the study were to heighten awareness of the wetland areas in each town, educate Conservation Commission members and key town officials of the functional values of each selected wetland, and provide educational outreach toward the preservation of the quality of these wetlands using proven planning tools such as outright land purchase, easements, master planning, Prime Wetland designation in zoning, wetlands of special …

Potential Of Modis Ocean Bands For Estimating Co2 Flux From Terrestrial Vegetation: A Novel Approach, Abdullah Rahman, Vicente D. Cordova, John A. Gamon, Hans Peter Schmid, Daniel A. Sims

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

A physiologically-driven spectral index using two ocean-color bands of MODIS satellite sensor showed great potential to track seasonally changing photosynthetic light use efficiency (LUE) and stress-induced reduction in net primary productivity (NPP) of terrestrial vegetation. Based on these findings, we developed a simple ‘‘continuous field’’ model solely based on remotely sensed spectral data that could explain 88% of variability in flux-tower based daily NPP. For the first time, such a procedure is successfully tested at landscape level using satellite imagery. These findings highlight the unexplored potential of narrow-band satellite sensors to improve estimates of spatial and temporal distribution in terrestrial …

Decadal Shifts In Biophysical Forcing Of Arctic Marine Food Webs: Numerical Consequences, John J. Walsh, Dwight A. Dieterle, Wieslaw Maslowski, Terry E. Whitledge

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Fall case studies of three‐dimensional circulation, plankton, and benthos models explored the consequences of interannual changes in ice cover and water motion on carbon/nitrogen cycling by the end of September within the Chukchi/Beaufort Seas. The coupled model scenarios were those of reduced (greater) northward flow, colder (warmer) temperatures, and more (less) extensive ice cover over the preceding ∼60 days of August and September during the negative (positive), anticyclonic (cyclonic) phase of the Arctic Oscillation in 1980 (1989). On the inner Chukchi shelf, stronger flows in 1989 advected nitrate and silicate stocks of Pacific origin ∼130 km farther northwest toward Wrangel …

Nh Des Site Specific Program Policy Alternatives, New Hampshire Estuaries Project

PREP Reports & Publications

In New Hampshire, the Department of Environmental Services’ (NH DES) Site Specific Program, which enforces Administrative Rule Env-Ws 415 pursuant to RSA 485, is the primary mechanism for regulating stormwater runoff from development sites to surface waters. Rule Env-Ws 415 expires June 30, 2004. Although Program staff will recommend renewing the current Rule to continue regulatory authority over the short term, NH DES has also expressed an intention to organize a committee that will renew and revise Env-Ws 415 during the course of 2004 and 2005.

The purpose of this report is to provide NH DES with applicable stormwater management …

Impacts Of A Recurrent Resuspension Event And Variable Phytoplankton Community Composition On Remote Sensing Reflectance, Trisha Bergmann, Gary Fahnenstiel, Steven Lohrenz, David Millie, Oscar Schofield

Faculty Publications

In order to characterize the impact of turbidity plumes on optical and biological dynamics, a suite of environmental parameters were measured in southern Lake Michigan during the springtime recurrent sediment plume. In-water measurements of inherent optical properties (IOPs) were entered into the Hydrolight 4.2 radiative transfer model and the output was compared with measured apparent optical properties (AOPs) across a wide range of optical conditions. Hydrolight output and measured underwater light fields were then used to clarify the effects of the sediment plume on primary production, phytoplankton community composition, and nearshore remote sensing ocean color algorithms. Our results show that …

Fisheries Research Report No. 147 - Quantification Of Changes In Recreational Catch And Effort On Blue Swimmer Crabs In Cockburn Sound And Geographe Bay, Neil R. Sumner, B E. Malseed

Fisheries Research Reports

Information on the size of the recreational catch was required to address resource allocation issues between recreational and commercial crabbers in Cockburn Sound and Geographe Bay. Management measures designed to allocate more of the catch to the recreational sector were put in place prior to this study at both locations. Estimates of the recreational catch were required to evaluate the effectiveness of these new management measures by comparing the catch shares with a survey conducted in 1996/97.

A 12-month creel survey of recreational boat-based and shore-based crabbing in Cockburn Sound was conducted between September 2001 and August 2002 and in …

2003 Great Bay Water Quality (Datasonde) Monitoring Program, Jonathan Pennock

PREP Reports & Publications

In situ water quality assessment has become an important source of data for monitoring, research and management activities in estuaries nationwide. As part of the National Estuarine Research Reserve System, the Great Bay System-Wide Monitoring Program (SWMP) produces in situ water quality data for four sites in and around Great Bay. This project extends the SWMP program to include year-round in situ data for a station at the University of New Hampshire Coastal Marine Lab pier at the mouth of the Piscataqua River and summmer data for a station in the Salmon Falls (SF) River. This suite of stations provides …

2004 Nhep Progress Report, Nhep, New Hampshire Estuaries Project

PREP Reports & Publications

This report summarizes progress made toward implementing the New Hampshire Estuaries Project Comprehensive Conservation and Management Plan (CCMP) and evaluates the status of environmental and administrative indicators based upon management goals and objectives. The report is divided into two primary sections: (I) Status of Environmental and Administrative Indicators and (II) Action Plan Completion.