Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Exercise Science (4)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (4)
- Physiology (4)
- Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology (3)
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology (3)
-
- Biochemistry (2)
- Exercise Physiology (2)
- Laboratory and Basic Science Research (2)
- Medical Sciences (2)
- Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins (1)
- Anatomy (1)
- Biological Phenomena, Cell Phenomena, and Immunity (1)
- Biophysics (1)
- Chemicals and Drugs (1)
- Maternal and Child Health (1)
- Medical Anatomy (1)
- Molecular Biology (1)
- Musculoskeletal System (1)
- Nanomedicine (1)
- Nanotechnology (1)
- Other Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology (1)
- Other Chemicals and Drugs (1)
- Other Physiology (1)
- Public Health (1)
- Sports Sciences (1)
- Systems and Integrative Physiology (1)
- Keyword
-
- Physical activity (3)
- Children (2)
- Muscle (2)
- 31P MRS; Reliability; Mitochondria; Metabolism; Muscle Bioenergetics (1)
- Abiotic (1)
-
- Academic performance (1)
- Cadence (1)
- Calorimetry (1)
- Cognition (1)
- Content (1)
- Control (1)
- Dance (1)
- Energetics (1)
- Energy (1)
- Environment (1)
- Fat (1)
- Fatigue (1)
- Fibers (1)
- Fitness (1)
- Force (1)
- Function (1)
- Interventions (1)
- MRI (1)
- Metabolism (1)
- Myosin (1)
- Older adults (1)
- Running (1)
- School (1)
- Skeletal (1)
- Skeletal Muscle (1)
- Publication Type
Articles 1 - 9 of 9
Full-Text Articles in Other Kinesiology
Role Of Fat Content On The Structure And Function Of Human Skeletal Muscle, Joseph A. Gordon Iii
Role Of Fat Content On The Structure And Function Of Human Skeletal Muscle, Joseph A. Gordon Iii
Doctoral Dissertations
Muscle size does not fully explain variations in muscle strength. Fat content has been implicated in muscle weakness, though this relationship remains unclear. The relationship between fat and strength may vary between scales (e.g., cellular, organ, and organism). The goal of this dissertation was to clarify the role of fat in the structure and function of muscle using in vitro and in vivo techniques across multiple scales in adults 21-45 years old. Study 1 tested the agreement of intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) content between oil red o (ORO) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) techniques. These measures of IMCL were also compared …
Stretch Activation During Fatigue Improves Relative Force Production In Fast-Contracting Mouse Skeletal Muscle Fibers, Philip C. Woods
Stretch Activation During Fatigue Improves Relative Force Production In Fast-Contracting Mouse Skeletal Muscle Fibers, Philip C. Woods
Masters Theses
Stretch activation (FSA) is the delayed increase in fiber specific tension (force per cross-sectional area) following a rapid stretch and can improve muscle performance during repetitive cyclical contractions. Historically considered minimal in skeletal muscle, our recent work showed the ratio ofstretch- to calcium-activated specific tension (FSA/F0) increased from 10 to 40% with greater inorganic phosphate (Pi) levels in soleus muscle fibers (Straight et al., 2019). Given Pi increases with muscle fatigue, we hypothesize that FSA helps maintain force generation during fatigue. To test this, FSA, induced by a stretch of 0.5% …
Controlling Myosin’S Function Via Interactions Between The Substrate And The Active Site, Mike K. Woodward
Controlling Myosin’S Function Via Interactions Between The Substrate And The Active Site, Mike K. Woodward
Doctoral Dissertations
Molecular motors, such as myosin, have evolved to transduce chemical energy from ATP into mechanical work to drive essential cellular processes, from muscle contraction to vesicular transport. Dysfunction in these motors is a root cause of many pathologies necessitating the application of intrinsic control over molecular motor function. We hypothesized that altering the myosin’s energy substrate via minor positional changes to the triphosphate portion of the molecule will allow us to control the protein and affect its in vitro function. We utilized positional isomers of a synthetic non-nucleoside triphosphate, azobenzene triphosphate, and assessed whether myosin’s force- and motion-generating capacity could …
Reproducibility Of Alkaline Inorganic Phosphate Quantification Using 31p-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy At 3t, Alexs A. Matias
Reproducibility Of Alkaline Inorganic Phosphate Quantification Using 31p-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy At 3t, Alexs A. Matias
Masters Theses
INTRODUCTION: The detection of a second inorganic phosphate (Pi) resonance, a possible marker of mitochondrial content in vivo, using phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P- MRS) at 3T is technically challenging, which may prevent its reproducible quantification. PURPOSE: To determine the reproducibility of resting alkaline inorganic phosphate (Pialk) measurement using 31P-MRS in human skeletal muscle at 3 tesla (T). METHODS: Resting 31P- MRS of the quadriceps muscles was acquired on two separate visits, within seven days, in 13 healthy, sedentary to moderately active young adults using a whole-body 3T MR system. Measurement variability related to coil position, shimming procedure, and spectral …
Link Between Muscle And Whole-Body Energetic Responses To Exercise, Christopher M.T. Hayden
Link Between Muscle And Whole-Body Energetic Responses To Exercise, Christopher M.T. Hayden
Masters Theses
Substantial evidence exists regarding how skeletal muscles use energy and how this affects muscular performance. What remains unclear is how characteristics of muscle energetics affect whole-body energetics during daily living, and what effects this may have on mobility. The goal of this study was to determine the associations between muscle and whole-body energetics including the relationships between: 1) muscle PCr depletion (∆PCr) in response to light intensity isotonic contractions and the oxygen deficit at the onset of a 30-min treadmill walk (30MTW), and, 2) muscle oxidative capacity and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC; 30MTW), respiratory exchange ratio (RER; 30MTW), and …
Cadence As An Indicator Of The Walk-To-Run Transition, Colleen Chase
Cadence As An Indicator Of The Walk-To-Run Transition, Colleen Chase
Masters Theses
Humans naturally select a point at which to transition from walking to running when gradually increasing locomotor speed. This point is known as the walk-to-run transition (WRT). The WRT is traditionally expressed in terms of speed and is known to occur within a close range of 2.1 m/s, which is an accepted heuristic (i.e., empirically based, rounded) threshold value. Very little research exists defining the WRT in terms of cadence (steps/min) despite the fact that spatial temporal aspects of gait underlying the WRT include this parameter. Preliminary evidence suggests that the WRT may be associated with a cadence of 140 …
Feasibility And Efficacy Of A Recess-Based Combined Fitness Intervention On Cognition And Academic Performance In Elementary School Children, Christine St Laurent
Feasibility And Efficacy Of A Recess-Based Combined Fitness Intervention On Cognition And Academic Performance In Elementary School Children, Christine St Laurent
Doctoral Dissertations
Youth physical activity and fitness have been reported to influence cognition and academic related outcomes. Despite the potential benefits of muscular fitness, few intervention studies have examined the impact of an intervention that has incorporated both cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness training on cognition and academic performance in children. Previous studies have mainly been implemented either during the school day or immediately after-school. Although recess may be an ideal time to promote physical activity because it does not compete with other academic demands, it has been an understudied setting. Therefore, the purpose of this dissertation project was to examine the feasibility, …
Feasibility Of A Combined Physical Activity And Sleep Education Intervention For Girls Living In A Low Socioeconomic Status Urban Community, Cory J. Greever
Feasibility Of A Combined Physical Activity And Sleep Education Intervention For Girls Living In A Low Socioeconomic Status Urban Community, Cory J. Greever
Doctoral Dissertations
Declining sleep duration and poor sleep quality is a public health epidemic disproportionately effecting elementary age girls living in low socioeconomic status urban communities. The Girls Dancing and Sleeping for Health (Girls DASH) program was designed to test the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of a combined physical activity and sleep education program in this population. In combination with baseline data from a previously conducted intervention in elementary age urban girls living in a low SES community in Springfield, MA, results from a cross-sectional analysis indicated that greater screen time was positively associated with parental reports of child’s sleep quality. Additionally, …
Providing Further Construct Validity For A Newly Developed Functional-Living Measure: The Movement And Activity In Physical Space (Maps) Score, Andrea M. Morand
Providing Further Construct Validity For A Newly Developed Functional-Living Measure: The Movement And Activity In Physical Space (Maps) Score, Andrea M. Morand
Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014
Older adults face many age-related changes affecting functional ability. Function is defined as the interaction between a person and their real-world environment. Currently, no objective measures of function exist assessing the environmental component. A newly-developed measure of functional-living, the Movement and Activity in Physical Space (MAPS) score, combines accelerometer and geospatial data providing quantitative measurement of real-world function. Because MAPS is a new measure of functional-living, the purpose of the current study was to provide further construct validity for MAPS as a functional-living measure in older adults and to determine what combination of 3 days, using weekend and week days, …