Exercise Science Commons^™

Energy Cost Of Land And Shallow Water Walking In Females Who Are Overweight And Obese, Jacquelyn N. Zera, Elizabeth F. Nagle, Bethany B. Gibbs, John P. Abt, John M. Jakicic

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Nineteen overweight or obese females completed three 10-minute experimental trials including a self-selected pace shallow water walking trial, a matched heart rate response land walking trial, and a self-selected pace land walking trial. Energy expenditure (kcal·min^-1)was computed from expired gases assessed via indirect calorimetry. Results showed energy expenditure was lower (p= 0.046) during shallow water walking (6.46 ± 1.38 kcal·min^-1) compared to matched heart rate response land walking trial (7.26 ± 1.29 kcal·min^-1), with no significant difference in between shallow water and self-selected pace land walking (6.92 ± 1.61 kcal·min^-1). …

Emg Analysis Of The Neuromuscular Activity During Sit-To-Stand From Different Height Chairs In Water, Antonio Cuesta-Vargas

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

The purpose of this study was to use surface electromyography to measure the muscular activity during the sit-to-stand task in water and compare it at three different chair heights. Ten healthy young adults [5 males and 5 females (mean ± SD): age, 22.0 ± 3.1 yr; height, 172.8 ± 9.0 cm; body mass, 63.9 ± 17.2 kg] were recruited for study. We used a telemetry EMG system on the following muscles on the right side of the body: quadriceps (vastus medialis and rectus femoris), long head of the biceps femoris, tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius medialis, soleus, rectus abdominis, and erector spinae). …

Analysis Of Cognitive Abilities In Female Swimmers, Nora Bekendam Ph.D., German Diaz Ph.D., Oscar García Ph.D.

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

This study compared the differences in spatial relations, spatial ability, and reasoning ability between female swimmers and sedentary people. Fifty-eight participants (24 swimmers and 34 sedentary females) were recruited to complete the PMA E & R tests (Primary Mental Ability Test) and the DAT-SR test (Differential Aptitude Test). Findings indicated that swimmers scored higher in spatial relations, spatial ability, and reasoning ability. The practice of competitive swimming appears to have a positive relationship with the spatial relation, spatial ability and reasoning ability.

Effect Of Aquatic Exercise On Fatigue, Fitness, Arm Edema, Levels Of Distress, And Quality Of Life Among Breast Cancer Survivors, Ellen Broach, Phillip Norrell

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a recreational therapy aquatic intervention on physical and psychosocial performance of breast cancer survivors. Eligible participants were assigned to either a water exercise group or a control group who received standard care treatment for breast cancer. The intervention group attended aquatic exercise sessions three times per week for eight weeks in a heated outdoor pool. Sessions lasted 50 minutes in duration. The aquatic exercise group significantly improved their endurance, body mass, level of distress, and total score for fatigue. No significant differences occurred in the control group. Social validity …

Perceptions And Motivation Toward Water Safety And Aquatic Activities In College Students, Jorge Olaves, Ezzeldin R. Aly, Asherah N. B. Allen, Maria Okeke

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

As individuals reach adulthood there is a substantial reduction of participation in physical activities. Quality instruction in various physical activities, more specifically aquatics, are beneficial to an individual’s health and career. This current study examined college student’s perceptions and motivations towards the impact of aquatic instruction and water safety skills. Participants included 265 college students between the ages of 19 and 30 years old (n = 147 males, n = 118 females), enrolled in aquatic-related courses at two Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs). Researchers used a mixed-method approach where the findings indicated that 72% of the participants reported the …

The Assessment Of Swimming And Survival Skills: Is Your Programme Fit For Its Purpose?, Paolo Di Paola

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Assessment of swimming and survival skills is a crucial part of any swimming and lifesaving programme. Unfortunately, quite often, it is also the weakest part of the programme itself. Inadequate skills assessment and verification might lead to ineffective skills acquisition and development, to a false sense of safety and over confidence in the water that can be extremely dangerous. Assessor experience and observation skills, assessment methodology, and criteria are all closely inter-linked and their interaction will somehow determine the assessment outcomes. Our paper analyses some of the current issues in these areas of the assessment process, such as assessor’s lack …

First Responders' Narratives Of Drowning: Perceptions Of Family And Community Impacts And Policy Implications, John Wells Phd, Michael Bergin Phd, John Connolly B.Ed., Ma In Ed., Suzanne Denieffe Phd

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

This is an exploratory study of the impacts of drowning death on local communities and families in the Republic of Ireland as perceived by first responders. The impact of a death may be particularly stressful. The identified population of interest were members of the Garda and first responders from Community Rescue Boats Ireland. The principal data collection method was one-to-one narrative interviews followed by a focus group. Questioning involved asking interviewees to talk about specific events rather than providing general opinions. Community identity was a source of impact, an urban or rural setting was a significant factor, social media was …

Measures Of Fluid Loss During Surfing: A Preliminary Analysis In Recreational Surfers, Rudi A. Meir, Zachary James Crowley-Mchattan Dr, Lyndon O. Brooks, Blake Duncan, Christian Gorrie, Jeremy Sheppard

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Surfing is a popular sport, but little is known about the extent to which recreational surfers experience fluid loss from this activity. The principal objective of this research was to estimate fluid loss during a surfing session through changes in pre- to post-session urine color (Ucol), urine osmolality (Uosm), and body mass (BM). Data were collected from 11 recreational surfers across 14 surf sessions conducted under various environmental (mean water temperature = 22.1 SD ± 2.3; range = 20-26^oC; air temperature range = 13.1-31.5^oC; relative humidity range = 37.5-88.1%) and surfing conditions (e.g. winter/summer, wave type, …

Head Depth And Head Speed During Competitive Backstroke Ledge Starts, Wesley J. Manz, Joel T. Greenshields, Brian V. Wright, Curtis S. Goss, Benjamin C. Skutnik, Joel M. Stager

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Recently, a commercially available starting ‘ledge’ designed to reduce foot slippage during the execution of the backstroke start was introduced in competitive swimming. For the purpose of identifying potential safety consequences, the present study investigated the effect of ledge use on head depths, speeds, and distances in backstroke starts of athletes with no prior or only novice familiarity of the ledge. Competitive backstroke starts were performed with and without ledges by high school-aged (14.5 to 19.2 yr, N = 61) swimmers in 1.52 m of water during a closed testing session. A SIMI Reality Motion System in a calibrated space …

The Consequences Of Cold Water Immersion: Impacts And Treatment, Patrick J. Buck Ph.D., Commander William Roberts, Commander Ken Minehane

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

This paper documents a demonstration project conducted by the authors under the auspices of the Irish Naval service. It explores and describes in detail the consequences that cold water immersion can have on the human body. Further, this study investigates post immersion treatment and survival challenges and proposes appropriate casualty care regimes with specific focus on ‘post rescue collapse’ and ‘afterdrop.’ Observations of individual differences in response are reported.

Letter From President-Elect, Brian Huck

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

The JSMAHS is proud to present Volume 5 Issue 1 of the journal. This issue comes in conjunction with the OATA Annual Symposium and Meeting Poster Presentations. Please enjoy this innovative research and letter from your President-Elect, Brian Huck.

Surgical Interventions For The Treatment Of Chiari Malformation Type I, Noah Pennypacker

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Please enjoy Volume 5, Issue 1 of the JSMAHS. In this issue you will find Professional and under graduate research abstracts, case reports, and critically appraised topics.

Thank you for viewing this 5^th Annual OATA Special Edition.

Collegiate Football Athlete Presents With Nontraditional Case Of Rhabdomyolysis And Secondary Finding Of Ureterocele, Kelly Ferian, Dane Eberle, Jake Woodruff, Elizabeth Walters, Karyn Gentile, Tricia Hamad

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Please enjoy Volume 5, Issue 1 of the JSMAHS. In this issue you will find Professional and under graduate research abstracts, case reports, and critically appraised topics.

Thank you for viewing this 5^th Annual OATA Special Edition.

Socialization Into Athletic Training Student Leadership, Rachel Reinhart, Erika Smith-Goodwin

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Please enjoy Volume 5, Issue 1 of the JSMAHS. In this issue you will find Professional and under graduate research abstracts, case reports, and critically appraised topics.

Thank you for viewing this 5^th Annual OATA Special Edition.

The Presence Of Cross Education Within The Body- An Evaluation Of Contralateral Grip Strength, Taylor E. Priest, Erika Smith-Goodwin, J. Brett Massie

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Please enjoy Volume 5, Issue 1 of the JSMAHS. In this issue you will find Professional and under graduate research abstracts, case reports, and critically appraised topics.

Thank you for viewing this 5^th Annual OATA Special Edition.

A College Athlete's Return From Severe Aplastic Anemia, Cole Miller, Alex Walker

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Please enjoy Volume 5, Issue 1 of the JSMAHS. In this issue you will find Professional and under graduate research abstracts, case reports, and critically appraised topics.

Thank you for viewing this 5^th Annual OATA Special Edition.

Healthcare Satisfaction Of Sexual Minority Athletes In The Athletic Training Setting, Sarah Nance, Kristine Ensign

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Please enjoy Volume 5, Issue 1 of the JSMAHS. In this issue you will find Professional and under graduate research abstracts, case reports, and critically appraised topics.

Thank you for viewing this 5^th Annual OATA Special Edition.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Of The Effects Of An Ice Bag Treatment On Peroneal Artery Diameter, Alessandra Poirier, Dustin Grooms, Janet Simon, Chad Starkey

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Please enjoy Volume 5, Issue 1 of the JSMAHS. In this issue you will find Professional and under graduate research abstracts, case reports, and critically appraised topics.

This research was funded by an OATA Research Grant

Thank you for viewing this 5^th Annual OATA Special Edition.

Effects Of Vibration Plates On Postural Instability Of Healthy Individuals, Anthony Wene, Dustin Grooms, Jeffrey A. Russell

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Please enjoy Volume 5, Issue 1 of the JSMAHS. In this issue you will find Professional and under graduate research abstracts, case reports, and critically appraised topics.

This research was funded by an OATA Research Grant

Thank you for viewing this 5^th Annual OATA Special Edition.

Change In Concussion Knowledge And Attitudes From Pre To Post Season In Sports, Lauren Dolick, Janet E. Simon Ohio University, Laura Harris

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Please enjoy Volume 5, Issue 1 of the JSMAHS. In this issue you will find Professional and under graduate research abstracts, case reports, and critically appraised topics.

Thank you for viewing this 5^th Annual OATA Special Edition.

Employer Perceptions Of Newly Credentialed Athletic Trainers As They Transition To Practice, Samantha Compton, Janet Simon, Laura L. Harris

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Please enjoy Volume 5, Issue 1 of the JSMAHS. In this issue you will find Professional and under graduate research abstracts, case reports, and critically appraised topics.

Thank you for viewing this 5^th Annual OATA Special Edition.

Exploratory Analysis Of Atheltic Trianers Self-Reported Leadership Identity, Sara Stiltner, Elizabeth Walters

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Please enjoy Volume 5, Issue 1 of the JSMAHS. In this issue you will find Professional and under graduate research abstracts, case reports, and critically appraised topics.

Thank you for viewing this 5^th Annual OATA Special Edition.

Inter-Rater Agreement Of A Functional Dual-Task Test Developed For The Assessment Of Sports Related Concussions, Christopher J. Ballance, Maria Talarico, James Onate

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Please enjoy Volume 5, Issue 1 of the JSMAHS. In this issue you will find Professional and under graduate research abstracts, case reports, and critically appraised topics.

This research was funded by an OATA Research Grant

Thank you for viewing this 5^th Annual OATA Special Edition.

An Investigation Of School Socioeconomic Staus On Adolescent Athletes' Baseline And Post-Injury Concussion Assessments, Jennifer L. Werner, Matthew Propst, Christy Reed, Tim Foster, Kelsey Logan, Adam W. Keifer, Paul Gubanich

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Please enjoy Volume 5, Issue 1 of the JSMAHS. In this issue you will find Professional and under graduate research abstracts, case reports, and critically appraised topics.

Thank you for viewing this 5^th Annual OATA Special Edition

Differences In Static Postural Control Performance Between Athletes Who Are Hearing And Athletes Who Are Deaf Or Hard-Of-Hearing, Matthew P. Brancaleone, Maria K. Talarcio, Laura C. Boucher, James A. Onate

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Please enjoy Volume 5, Issue 1 of the JSMAHS. In this issue you will find Professional and under graduate research abstracts, case reports, and critically appraised topics.

This research was funded by an OATA Research Grant

Thank you for viewing this 5^th Annual OATA Special Edition.

How To Help People Float, Andrea Andrews

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

This manuscript examines how to help more people learn to float because this skill is taking a much more central role in the latest drowning prevention advice in the UK. In 2017 BBC Radio Two show presenter, Simon Mayo, declared that he ‘could not float.’ Many persons in the UK identified with this claim. Despite having been an activity in many traditional swimming lessons floating is not a straight-forward skill for all to master. It requires a high degree of personal trust to have developed in the water. I discuss what learning to float fundamentally entails based on recent publications …

Current Athletic Training Educational Preparation For Dry Needling, Brian V. Hortz, Sue Falsone, Duncan Tulimieri

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Purpose: Dry needling is an advanced practice skill that many athletic trainers are being trained to perform. The purpose of this study is to determine the degree to which the current athletic training educational competencies and standards prepare practitioners for the performance of dry needling tasks. Methods: An expert panel review was used to verify which of the dry needling tasks are currently taught through entry-level athletic education as defined by the 5^th edition competencies and 2020 standards. Results: Results demonstrated that 11% of the tasks were dry needling specific and these were regarded as not provided through entry-level …

Commentary: The Use Of Case-Based Learning And Concept Mapping To Teach Students Clinical Reasoning, Jeremy R. Hawkins, Michael Reeder, Michael Olson, Amy Bronson

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Introduction: Teaching students as inexperienced clinicians the process of evaluating athletic injuries and medical conditions is often challenging. Utilizing case-based learning and concept mapping as educational tools can facilitate growth in the clinical and diagnostic decision making process. Discussion: Experienced clinicians regularly employ case pattern recognition and hypothetico-deductive reasoning in clinical settings. Each type of reasoning is prone to anchoring and confirmation bias, devaluing relevant information, and framing effect if not utilized correctly. Classroom instructors and preceptors can use case-based learning and concept mapping to help students as inexperienced clinicians organize their thinking and more effectively apply their …

The Effects Of Deep Oscillation Therapy For Individuals With Lower-Leg Pain, Mccall E. Christian, Riley C. Koenig, Zachary K. Winkelmann, Kenneth E. Games

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Purpose: Lower extremity (LE) pain accounts for 13-20% of injuries in the active population. LE pain has been contributed to inflexibility and fascial restrictions. Deep oscillation therapy (DOT) has been proposed to improve range of motion and reduce pain following musculoskeletal injuries. Therefore, our objective was to determine the effectiveness of DOT on ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM) and pain in individuals with and without lower-leg pain. Methods: We used a single blind, pre-post experimental study in a research laboratory. Thirty-two active participants completed this study. Sixteen individuals reporting lower-leg pain and sixteen non-painful individuals completed the study. Participants …

Perceptual And Contextual Sources Of Athletic Training Confidence: The Transition To Professional Entry Level Master’S Programs, Craig E. Pfeifer, Erin Moore, Brian Seiler, Caroline Thomason, Eva V. Monsma

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Introduction: The shift of athletic training education from undergraduate degrees to professional master’s degrees and the prominence of computer-based credentialing may impact the hands-on experiences beneficial for developing confidence in athletic training competency domains. Health care provider confidence is critical for clinical skill development, performance and enhancing patient care. Purpose: To examine domain specific efficacy, its sources, learning contexts (i.e., classroom, laboratory, clinical settings) and clinical characteristics by program types. Method: Descriptive, cross-sectional design where 178 Athletic Trainers (AT; age 24.25 + 3.76, n = 72 male, n = 106 female) participated in the study (Master’s Program (MP) = 38; …