Exercise Science Commons^™

Influence Of A Short-Term, Multicomponent Intervention On Balance And Strength Among The Elderly, Pamela C. Webert

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Background: Few studies have combined strength and balance training to assess improvement of activities of daily living among subjects over the age of 65. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate how an eight-week balance and strength training program can lead to improvements in activities of daily living among elderly individuals.

Methods: The subjects consisted of 14 elderly women and 3 elderly men who were all residents of an independent living community. There were 10 subjects in the intervention group and 7 subjects in the control group. The intervention group participated in a supervised balance and strength …

Exercise-Induced Neuroprotection In A Hemiparkinsonian 6-Hydroxydopamine Rat Model, Merrill Russen Landers

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Outside of finding a cure, one of the preeminent goals of research in Parkinson's disease (PD) is finding a neuroprotective treatment that when applied prior to the onset of the disease will decrease the risk and severity of the subsequent disease. One such treatment that has potential as a neuroprotective agent in PD is exercise. Several studies have found forced exercise to be protective of Parkinson's disease in adult rodent models; however, few of these studies have used a design wherein voluntary exercise was evaluated. Moreover, no study has used a true neuroprotective design in which exercise was applied prior …

Alternative Therapy And Treatment Of Type 2 Diabetes, Carmine R. Grieco

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

The rise in prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) in the developing world continues unabated. Current treatment strategies, however, fall short of achieving optimal glycemic control. The aim of project I was to investigate the effect of an acute bout of a yogic breathing exercise on heart rate variability (HRV) in individuals with T2D. Project II was designed to assess the effectiveness of the neurohormone melatonin in lowering short- and long-term glucose levels, lipids and oxidative stress in T2D. Project III investigated the differential effects of two different styles of aerobic exercise on postprandial glycemia, mood and …

Differential Analysis Of Ovarian And Endometrial Cancers Identifies A Methylator Phenotype, Diana L. Kolbe, Julie A. Deloia, Patricia Porter-Gill, Mary Strange, Hanna M. Petrykowska, Alfred Guirguis, Thomas C. Krivak, Lawrence C. Brody, Laura Elnitski

Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Publications

Despite improved outcomes in the past 30 years, less than half of all women diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer live five years beyond their diagnosis. Although typically treated as a single disease, epithelial ovarian cancer includes several distinct histological subtypes, such as papillary serous and endometrioid carcinomas. To address whether the morphological differences seen in these carcinomas represent distinct characteristics at the molecular level we analyzed DNA methylation patterns in 11 papillary serous tumors, 9 endometrioid ovarian tumors, 4 normal fallopian tube samples and 6 normal endometrial tissues, plus 8 normal fallopian tube and 4 serous samples from TCGA. For …

Self-Reported Exercise And Risk Of Osteoporosis In Prostate Cancer Patients Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy, Lori J. Mennen-Winchell

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Prostate cancer is stimulated to grow in response to testosterone. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) leads to chemical castration and suppression of prostate cancer cell production. Testosterone levels less then 300ng/ml decreases bone mineral density and could result in osteoporosis. Studies have shown that during the first year of ADT, fracture risk, mainly in hips and spine increases about 50%. In men, 40% of hip fractures result in death. Exercise may reduce the risk of osteoporosis and thus contribute to the prevention of hip and other fractures. There is limited data regarding whether exercise is associated with a reduced risk of …

Aerobic Training Increases Skin Perfusion By A Nitric Oxide Mechanism In Type 2 Diabetes, Sheri R. Colberg, Laura C. Hill, Henri K. Parson, Kathleen S. Thomas, Aaron I. Vinik

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

It is well known that a number of locally released vasodilatory and vasoconstrictive compounds can affect skin perfusion. This study investigated the effects of aerobic training on the contribution of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandins (PG), and endothelial-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) in stimulated dorsal foot skin perfusion in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Ten previously sedentary, older individuals with T2DM (57.0 ± 3.1 years) and nine sedentary controls (53.5 ± 3.2 years) were tested before and after undertaking six months of moderate aerobic training three times weekly in a supervised setting. All subjects underwent measurement of baseline (32°C) and heat-stimulated …

Physiological Changes And Participation To Exercise In Older Adults Living In Age Restricted Communities, Mary F. Shaughnessy

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

It is known that the aging population is more susceptible to musculoskeletal and metabolic disease and would benefit from a regular exercise program. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate whether older adults (55 years of age and older) participation in a more regular exercise program would increase if there was supervision from a health professional. The second objective was to evaluate whether supervision in a regular exercise program would show physiological benefits. Subjects were recruited from three age-restricted communities; however one community was disregarded due to lack of subjects. A physical activity plan based on the American …

Immediate Effect Of Heel-Pain Orthosis And An Augmented Low-Dye Taping On Plantar Pressures And Pain In Subjects With Plantar Fasciitis, Tracy Andus

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

Research has been done investigating plantar pressures and pain in subjects with pathologies after the application of orthoses and arch taping. To date, however, no study has been conducted investigating plantar pressures and pain in subjects with plantar fasciitis after the application of the augmented low-dye taping (ALD) in comparison to a heel-pain orthosis (HPO). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the ALD in comparison to a HPO on pain, peak plantar pressure (PPP), and mean plantar pressure (MPP) under multiple areas of the foot in subjects with plantar fasciitis while walking and jogging. …

Increased Strength And Physical Performance With Eccentric Training In Women With Impaired Glucose Tolerance: A Pilot Study, Robin L. Marcus, Paul C. Lastayo, Leland E. Dibble, Laura Hill, Donald A. Mcclain

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

Background: Menopause is associated with both a loss of muscle mass and a worsening of insulin sensitivity (IS). Although eccentric resistance exercise (ECC) can effectively improve muscle mass over time, a single bout of ECC can worsen IS. This study assessed the effect of repeated ECC on IS, muscle mass, and function in postmenopausal women with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).

Methods: Sixteen PM women (aged 56 years +/- 6.4) with IGT were randomly assigned to a 12-week, knee extensor ECC program (n = 10) or a nonexercise control group (CON) (n = 6). Participants underwent hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps, dual-energy …

The Effect Of Intensity Of Aerobic Training On Insulin Sensitivity, Carmine Richard Grieco Iii

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that the prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing. It is estimated that I 0. 7% of adults over the age of 20 years and 23.1 % of adults over the age of 60 years have diabetes (NIH, 2007). Individuals with type 2 diabetes are 2-4 times more likely to die from heart disease than those without diabetes and twice as likely to die of all-cause mortality (CDC, 2005). Additionally Mokdad et al. (2000) report that the prevalence of diabetes increased 33% between 1990 and 1998. Furthermore it has been estimated that nearly 26% of the …

An Assessment Of An Education Intervention On Youth Sports Coaches Knowledge Of Concussions, Heidi Elizabeth Brigham

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

Research has shown that sport related concussions are occurring at high rates across the United States. Research has also shown that there are many misconceptions among youth sports coaches regarding concussions. Therefore the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of an educational intervention on the knowledge of concussion recognition, management and prevention for youth sports coaches. A secondary purpose was to compare various relationships between demographic characteristics and the concussion knowledge assessment scores. A twenty-one question multiple choice assessment and 16 option symptom recognition checklist was utilized to assess concussion knowledge prior to and following an educational …

Effects Of Knee Bracing On Vertical Jumping Performance In Healthy College Aged Males, Rebecca E. Rausch

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Knee bracing is used at all levels of athletics to prevent or support existing knee injuries; however, little research has been conducted on the effects of knee braces on athletic performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine how two different types of knee braces, semi-customizable braces and knee sleeves, affect vertical jumping performance. Subjects were nine college aged males who regularly participated in athletic activity. Subjects performed a task consisting of a drop jump from a height of 18 inches, landing in a squat position, followed immediately by a maximal vertical jump while wearing two different knee …

An Assessment Of Athletic Health Care Provided To High School Athletes In Indiana, Lori Jane Vancza

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess various aspects of athletic health care being provided to athletes in high risk sports in Indiana and the personnel providing this care relative to school enrollment size in comparison to the recent recommendations published by the National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) regarding appropriate medical care for secondary school-aged athletes. Design and Settings: Based on a literature review, a 34 item web based survey for athletic directors (ADs) and a 33 item web based survey for identified head coaches were developed and distributed to 406 Indiana High School ADs. The survey instruments …

The Effect Of Lower Extremity Ergometry Exercise On Deltoid Intramuscular Temperatures During And Following A 30-Minute 1-Kg Ice Bag Treatment, Shigeru Takeuchi

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Context: The practice of cycling for cardiovascular benefits and the simultaneous application of an ice bag to the upper extremity for cryotherapy effects is convenient and time-saving. However, exercise increases body temperature specially in working muscles. However, non-working areas are used to dissipate heat by receiving warmed blood. Objective: To determine the effect of lower body exercise on deltoid cooling during 1-kg ice bag treatment and post treatment rewarming, separately. Design: Two ( during and after ice application) 2 X 5 repeated measures designs with the treatment condition (bike and rest) and time (baseline, 1-, 10-, 20-, and 30-minutes during …

Effect Of A Single Bout Of Prior Moderate Exercise On Cutaneous Perfusion In Type 2 Diabetes, Sheri R. Colberg, Henri K. Parson, Tanja Nunnold, D. Robb Holton, Aaron I. Vinik

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

In diabetic individuals, increased shunting of circulation away from the skin may exist, contributing to their greater risk for ulcerations and poor cutaneous healing. In a prospective study (1), we previously found a lower skin perfusion during local heating in the foot dorsum of sedentary type 2 diabetic individuals compared with active people without diabetes. This defect was present despite normal increases in skin interstitial nitric oxide (NO), suggesting that NO is either ineffective or not involved (2). A prior bout of maximal exercise also lessened the impaired responsiveness to local heating of the dorsal foot in active type 2 …

The Effects Of An Analgesic (Biofreeze®) On The Motoneuron Pool Excitability Of The Soleus Muscle, Desiree R. Barth

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects on the Hoffman reflex and motor response with an analgesic (Biofreeze®). Design: The study was a 2X6 design. The independent variables in this study were treatment and time. The dependent variables were the H-reflex (volts) and the M response (volts). Treatment was randomly assigned to control for the effects of order. Setting: This study took place in the Exercise Physiology Laboratory located in the Health and Human Performance Building at Indiana State University. Subjects: 14 volunteers who were physically active and had no known neurological problems. Measurements: Skin and …

Effectiveness Of A Practice Regimen For Decreasing Floor Rise Time In Older Adults, Deborah Waldschmidt Gibbs

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

Some older adults experience extended periods of time lying on the floor waiting for help to arrive because they can not rise up independently (Campbell et al., 1990; Nevitt, Cummings, and Hudes, 1991). In many of these cases the older adults are not seriously injured, yet they lack the ability to rise up (Tinetti and Speechley, 1989; Vellas, Cayla, Bocquet, Pemille, and Albarede, 1987). Body Recall, an exercise program that teaches floor rising to older adults, advocates practicing getting up from the floor as a method for retaining this ability. The benefit of Body Recall is only anecdotal and has …

Cutaneous Blood Flow In Type 2 Diabetic Individuals After An Acute Bout Of Maximal Exercise, Sheri R. Colberg, Henri K. Parson, D. Robb Holton, Tanja Nunnold, Aaron I. Vinik

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE - We previously demonstrated a positive association between chronic aerobic exercise and dorsal foot skin blood flow during local heating in type 2 diabetic individuals. Thus, we hypothesized that a prior acute bout of maximal exercise would also have positive effects on postexercise blood now.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Subjects consisted of 32 individuals with type 2 diabetes and 26 nondiabetic control subjects further subdivided based on their physical activity status diabetic exerciser (DE), diabetic sedentary (DS), control exerciser (CE), or control sedentary. Dorsal foot cutaneous blood flow was measured noninvasively by continuous laser-Doppler assessment at baseline and …

Use Of Heart Rate Reserve And Rating Of Perceived Exertion To Prescribe Exercise Intensity In Diabetic Autonomic Neueropathy, Sheri R. Colberg, David P. Swain, Aaron I. Vinik

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

Objective- Individuals with diabetic autonomic neuropathy (DAN) exhibit an increased resting heart rate but depressed maximal heart rate. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the validity of using either percent of heart rate reserve (HRR) or a rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scale to prescribe exercise intensity in diabetic individuals both with and without DAN.

Research Design and Methods-The subjects consisted of 23 individuals with type 2 diabetes, ages 45-75 years, with (DAN; n=13) or without (No DAN; n=10) clinical signs of DAN, as assessed by heart rate variability using the expiration-to-inspiration ratio of the …

An Investigation Of Perceived Restrictions On Certified Athletic Trainers Practice, Katy Taake

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to identify the frequency and nature of perceived restrictions by certified athletic trainers (ATCs) and to determine the frequency of perceived restrictions for each practice setting within states that have legislation. This was a qualitative-descriptive study performed with a web-based survey. 10,000 ATCs receiving electronic mail from the National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) were invited to participate in this study. 1158 subjects participated in the study, and 724 subjects (295 female and 429 male; age=33.2 ± 8.3yrs) remained after exclusions. A webbased survey was created to evaluate perceived restrictions. Inorder to establish face validity …

Changes In Neuromuscular Function In Collegiate Sprinters During An Indoor Season, Jack W. Skaggs

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the changes in neuromuscular function through the use of the Hoffman Reflex in male Division I collegiate sprinters during an indoor competitive season. Design: a 2 X 4 factorial design. The independent variables in this study were groups (Sprint and Control) and testing times (base, mid, peak and taper). The dependent variable was the soleus Hreflex, anaerobic power, and body composition. Setting: This study took place in the Exercise Physiology Laboratory located in the Health and Human Performance Building at Indiana State University. Subjects: Ten male Division I collegiate sprinters (age: …

Predictive Factors Of Perceived Stress And Work-Related Strain Among Collegiate Athletic Trainers, Shinichiro Sugiura

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Objective: In a college/university setting, certified athletic trainers (ATCs) may have sport coverage, classroom teaching, and clinical instructor responsibilities. The purpose of this study was to determine the most important predictors of perceived stress and work-related strain among ATCs in a college/university setting, how athletic level affected perceived stress and work-related strain, and if the perceived stress score correlated with the work-related strain score. Design and Setting: This study was a webbased survey consisting of demographic and job responsibility questionnaire, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and the Work-Related Strain Inventory (WRSI). To evaluate predictors of perceived stress and work-related strain, …

The Response Of The Hoffmann Reflex To Endurance Training In Male Cross-Country Runners, Randall J. Bergman

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Motoneuron pool excitability as measured by the Hoffinann reflex (H-reflex) in endurance-trained subjects has been shown to differ from their untrained counterparts. Further, the effects of endurance training on the H-reflex are equivocal. Objective: To determine if differences exist in the motoneuron pool excitability of the soleus in highly trained endurance athletes due to the effect of endurance training. Design: A 2 X 3 factorial design with repeated measures. Setting: This study took place in the Exercise Physiology Laboratory located in the Health and Human Performance Building on the Indiana State University campus. Subjects: Eleven male cross-country team members (XC; …

The Effects Of A 10-Week Exercise Program On Physiological Variables And Quality Of Life In Type 2 Diabetes, David Robb Holton

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine the interaction between psychological and physiological parameters before and after a 10-week, aerobic training study of sedentary diabetic individuals and sedentary controls. Tests measuring physiological parameters (interstitial NO, blood flow, lactate threshold, VO₂ peak and glycosylated hemoglobin) and a quality of life survey were completed before and after training. Nine previously sedentary diabetic (DE, diabetic exerciser) and 10 control sedentary subjects (CE, control exerciser) engaged in 10 weeks of supervised aerobic exercise. A non-training diabetic group (DS, diabetic sedentary, n=12) and a non-training control group (CS, control sedentary, n=I0) were also …

An Investigation Of The Effects Of A 12-Week Exercise Programme For People With Diabetes, Olive Fanning

Theses

To determine and examine the effects of a 12-week exercise programme for people with diabetes on their blood glucose control, physiological components and psychological well-being.

The purpose of the study was to examine a wide variety of physiological components including assessment of aerobic capacity, body composition, lung, function, flexibility and blood glucose control (HbAlc levels). Psychological well-being was also assessed which includes sub scales for depression, anxiety, energy and positive well being. This had the purpose of identifying exact levels of these variables so as to compare these to the general public norms. It additionally had the benefit of being …

The Effects Of Ice And Compression Wraps On Intramuscular Temperatures At Various Depths, Mark A. Merrick

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The effects of ice and compression wrap applications on intramuscular temperature at the skin surface, 1 cm below the fat layer, and 2 cm below the fat layer were recorded in 11 subjects. Each subject was tested under all treatment conditions including control, compression only, ice only, and ice+ compression. Subjects underwent a 5-minute pre-application, a 3 ominute application, and a 20-minute post-application. Using thermocouples, surface and intramuscular temperatures were recorded at 30-second intervals for the entire study. A repeated measures ANOVA and Duncan Post Hoc tests were used to evaluate temperature differences between the treatment conditions and the depths …

The Role Of Exercise And Nutrition In The Rehabilitation Of The Geriatric, Robert R. Ladd

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

[Abstract not included]

Adherence Of Men With Myocardial Infarction To Prescribed Exercise, Marsha Schwartz

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to find out if men with myocardial infarction followed exercise prescribed by the physician. The reasons the patients did or did not follow the exercise prescription were investigated.

An interview guide was used to gather the data for this exploratory study. The questions on the interview guide were designed to obtain information to compare the former exercise pattern of the patient to exercise after infarction. Adherence to the exercise prescription was also determined by the exercise reported in the interview. Fifteen male subjects who had myocardial infarction were interviewed in the hospital and after …

The Effect Of Gymnastic Routines On Blood Pressure And Pulse Rate, Robert Ferguson

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.