Psychometric Properties Of The Abbreviated Perceived Motivational Climate In Exercise Questionnaire, E. Whitney G. Moore, Theresa C. Brown, Mary D. Fry

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

The purpose of this study was to develop an abbreviated version of the Perceived Motivational Climate in Exercise Questionnaire (PMCEQ-A) to provide a more practical instrument for use in applied exercise settings. In the calibration step, 2 shortened versions’ measurement and latent model values were compared to each other and the original PMCEQ using a 3-group CFA invariance testing approach with previously collected exercise setting data (N = 5,427). Based on the model fit and reliability values, the 12-item version performed better than the 17-item version. The resultant 12-item PMCEQ-A’s CFA model estimates were then compared to the PMCEQ’s model …

Study Of The Effectiveness Of Instant Activities On Student Behavior In Elementary Physical Education, Jerry Ray Leonard

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of this research study was to assess how the use of instant activities as a physical education classroom warm-up impacts student behavior during the elementary physical education class period. The study examined whether or not the use of instant activities reduces the number of off-task student behaviors during a physical education class period. The research study focused on two fourth grade elementary classes that came to the physical education classroom twice a week for two months as part of this study. One class performed an instant activity every day before the start of the instructional period. The other …

Forebrain Neurocircuitry Associated With Human Reflex Cardiovascular Control., J Kevin Shoemaker, Ruma Goswami

Kinesiology Publications

Physiological homeostasis depends upon adequate integration and responsiveness of sensory information with the autonomic nervous system to affect rapid and effective adjustments in end organ control. Dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system leads to cardiovascular disability with consequences as severe as sudden death. The neural pathways involved in reflexive autonomic control are dependent upon brainstem nuclei but these receive modulatory inputs from higher centers in the midbrain and cortex. Neuroimaging technologies have allowed closer study of the cortical circuitry related to autonomic cardiovascular adjustments to many stressors in awake humans and have exposed many forebrain sites that associate strongly with …

Positional Differences In Reactive Hyperemia Provide Insight Into Initial Phase Of Exercise Hyperemia., Jeffrey L Jasperse, J Kevin Shoemaker, Eric J Gray, Philip S Clifford

Kinesiology Publications

Studies have reported a greater blood flow response to muscle contractions when the limb is below the heart compared with above the heart, and these results have been interpreted as evidence for a skeletal muscle pump contribution to exercise hyperemia. If limb position affects the blood flow response to other vascular challenges such as reactive hyperemia, this interpretation may not be correct. We hypothesized that the magnitude of reactive hyperemia would be greater with the limb below the heart. Brachial artery blood flow (Doppler ultrasound) and blood pressure (finger-cuff plethysmography) were measured in 10 healthy volunteers. Subjects lay supine with …

Correlates Of Awareness And Use Of The Hubway Bike Share Program And The Association With Weight Status, Lawrence H. Stahley

Graduate Masters Theses

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the correlates of awareness and use of the Hubway bike share program and assess the relationship between use and rates of overweight or obesity. Methods: Two-hundred, fifty-six students, faculty, and staff from the University of Massachusetts Boston (UMB) participated in this cross-sectional study. Participants completed an on-line survey during the fall of 2014 that assessed socio-demographics, behavioral and physical activity characteristics, Hubway awareness, and use of Hubway and personal bikes. Multivariable regression models were conducted to evaluate associations between socio-demographic and behavioral factors, and Hubway awareness, use, and the relationship with …

Physical Activity And Maternal And Neonatal Outcomes In Obese Pregnant Women, Rachel Ann Tinius

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Maternal obesity and physical inactivity during pregnancy are independently associated with unfavorable maternal and neonatal metabolic outcomes. Previous research in non-gravid adults suggests physical activity provides protection from many chronic diseases irrespective of body weight. The primary purposes of this dissertation were to determine the impact of obesity on maternal metabolic health (lipid metabolism, inflammation, insulin resistance) and neonatal metabolic health (adiposity, inflammation, insulin resistance), and to determine if adverse maternal and neonatal metabolic health is improved in obese pregnant women who are physically active during pregnancy compared to sedentary obese women. The secondary purpose of this dissertation was to …

The Effect Of Yoga On Growth Hormone Secretion In Young Men And Women, Aaron Eastham

All NMU Master's Theses

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an acute bout of yoga exercise on the secretion of growth hormone (GH) in healthy, young males and females. METHODS Seventeen participants (mean age 23.9 ± 3.9) were volunteered and completed the university IRB approved study. Participants completed a 60-min, certified instructor led yoga session. Blood (5ml) was collected at rest, 10-min prior (PRE), at the 35-min point during (MID), and immediately post (POST) the yoga session. Serum GH was measured using immunochemiluminometric assay. Resting GH levels were statistically compared to mid- and post-yoga GH levels using a …

Biomechanical Comparisons Of The Power Clean And Power Hang Clean Exercises At Different Relative Intensities, Jacob Troy Caldwell

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to compare normalized peak power (PP) and peak barbell acceleration (BA) between the power clean (PC) and power hang clean (PHC) exercises among eight male weightlifters (25.5 ℗ł 2.86 yr; 85.25 ℗ł 11 kg). Biomechanical comparisons were made between both exercises at 60%, 70%, and 80% of each subject⁰́₉s one repetition maximum (1RM). When comparing both exercises for normalized PP, there was no significant difference at 60% and 70% of 1RM. At 80% 1RM, the PHC demonstrated significance (p = 0.016) with higher normalized PP when compared to the PC. When comparing both exercises …

The Relationship Of Gender And Self-Efficacy On Social Physique Anxiety Among College Students, Sara M. Rothberger, Brandonn Harris, Daniel Czech, Bridget F. Melton

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 8(3): 234-242, 2015. The anxiety or fear associated with physique evaluation is defined as Social Physique Anxiety (SPA). Numerous studies have examined this construct, yet a gap exists exploring this phenomenon among current college students with SPA, self-efficacy, and gender concurrently. Therefore, the purposes of this study included quantitatively analyzing the association between SPA, gender, and self-efficacy. Participants included 237 students at a Southeastern university participating in jogging, body conditioning, or weight training courses. Analysis of Variance yielded a significant main effect for self-efficacy as well, as those with lower self-efficacy displayed higher levels of …

Vascular Regulation Via Kir Channels And Na+ /K+-Atpase, Anne R. Crecelius, Frank A. Dinenno

Health and Sport Science Faculty Publications

Despite the longstanding knowledge that blood flow increases in proportion to metabolic activity of skeletal muscle, the underlying mechanisms that govern this response have only recently been identified.¹ Given the role of endothelial cells in mediating exercise hyperemia,² interest has been focused on endothelium-derived vasodilation occurring via the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) and vasodilating prostaglandins (PGs; i.e. prostacyclin) or endothelium- derived hyperpolarization. A number of studies performed in humans have established a minimal-to-modest role for NO and PGs during mild- and moderate- intensity exercise. In animal preparations, prevention of hyperpolarization attenuates contraction-induced hyperemia; however, performing similar studies …

Association Of Markers Of Inflammation With Sleep And Physical Activity Among People Living With Hiv Or Aids, Michael D. Wirth, Jason R. Jaggers, Wesley D. Dudgeon, James R. Hebert, Shawn D. Youngstedt, Steven N. Blair, Gregory A. Hand

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

This study examined associations of sleep and minutes spent in moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin (IL)-6 among persons living with HIV (PLWH). Cross-sectional analyses (n=45) focused on associations of inflammatory outcomes (i.e., CRP and IL-6) with actigraph-derived sleep duration, latency, and efficiency; bedtime; wake time; and wake-after-sleep-onset; as well as MVPA. Least square means for CRP and IL-6 by levels of sleep and MVPA were computed from general linear models. Individuals below the median of sleep duration, above the median for bedtime, and below the median of MVPA minutes had higher CRP or IL-6 levels. …

Slow Walking On A Treadmill Desk Does Not Negatively Affect Executive Abilities: An Examination Of Cognitive Control, Conflict Adaptation, Response Inhibition, And Post-Error Slowing, Michael J. Larson, James D. Lecheminant, Kaylie Carbine, Kyle R. Hill, Edward Christenson, Travis Masterson, Rick Lecheminant

Faculty Publications

An increasing trend in the workplace is for employees to walk on treadmills while working to attain known health benefits; however, the effect of walking on a treadmill during cognitive control and executive function tasks is not well known. We compared the cognitive control processes of conflict adaptation (i.e., congruency sequence effects—improved performance following high-conflict relative to low-conflict trials), post-error slowing (i.e., Rabbitt effect), and response inhibition during treadmill walking (1.5 mph) relative to sitting. Understanding the influence of treadmill desks on these cognitive processes may have implications for worker health and productivity. Sixty-nine individuals were randomized to either a …

The Effect Of Run Sprint Interval Training On Diabetic Metabolic Markers In Prediabetic Adults, Kathryn L. Hilovsky

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Abstract

Purpose: The primary purpose of this study was to compare the effects of an 8-week run-sprint interval training (R-SIT) and continuous moderate-intensity training (MIT) on fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, insulin sensitivity, and β-cell function in sedentary, prediabetic adults. Secondary outcomes of the study included anthropometric, body composition variables, and aerobic capacity.

Methods: Sedentary, physician diagnosed prediabetic individuals were randomized into R-SIT (n=7, BMI 36.76 ± 9.79) or MIT (n=8, BMI 40.59 ± 12.49) interventions. Subjects participated in supervised exercise three times a week and attended a Diabetes Prevention Program course, once weekly. R-SIT participants performed 4-6 x 30-second …

Effect Of An Exercise And Dietary Intervention On Cognitive Function In Obese Older Women, Kathleen Mae Uy

Senior Honors Projects

Background: Cognitive decline in older adults is a public health problem and prior research shows that higher levels of physical activity and dietary factors are associated with higher cognitive function. However, it is unclear how an exercise and diet intervention affects cognitive function in obese older women.

Purpose: To examine the effect of a combined Tai Chi (TC), resistance training (RT), and diet intervention on cognitive function and to evaluate the relationship between cognitive function and physical function in older obese women.

Methods: This was a non-randomized study where 31 obese (BMI= 37.6 ± 4.5 kg/m²) older (age= …

Validation And Reliability Of The Hexoskin And Fitbit Flex Wearable Bio Collection Devices, Jeffrey Montes

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the Hexoskin shirt and the wrist worn Fitbit Flex activity monitor were both valid and reliable for the physiological functions they were designed to monitor. Heart rate (beats·min-1), respiratory rate (breaths·min-1), step count, and energy expenditure results were collected for the Hexoskin. Step count and energy expenditure were collected for the Fitbit Flex. 49 adolescent participants performed a walking treadmill protocol at 1.5 mph, 2.5 mph, and 3.5 mph for 3 minutes at each speed. 46 subjects returned to perform the same protocol a second time. 31 of the participants were …

The Effects Of 12 Weeks Of Instructor-Led Yoga Classes On Balance In Older Adults, Patricia C. Hart

Evidence-Based Practice Project Reports

Participation in a regular exercise program is an effective way to reduce and/or prevent a number of functional declines associated with aging (Chodzko-Zajo et al., 2009). Older adults are advised to participate in regular aerobic activity and practice muscle strengthening activities and exercise that maintains or improves balance (U.S. Department of Health and Human Service, [USDHHS], 2012). Less than one third of older adults engage in 30 minutes of low to moderate intense physical activity at least five days a week as recommended in current guidelines (USDHHS, 2012), and these guidelines fail to address losses in strength and flexibility seen …

Implementing A 4 Week Balance Protocol To Impact Quality Of Life In Cancer Patients, Alyssa Bender, Lauren Braun, Kayla Franklin, Megan Kidd, Nicole Rendler

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 8(2): 145-153, 2015. As a result of various cancer treatments, balance, fall risk, and quality of life (QOL) of cancer survivors are often negatively compromised. There has been no prior research conducted examining balance ability and its association with QOL in cancer patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether improved balance will positively influence QOL. Eight female cancer patients (age 55.8 ± 11.8 yrs.) volunteered for an experimental group, and five sex-matched cancer patients (age 64.5 ± 4.6 yrs.) volunteered for a control group. A 4-week balance program, employed twice per week …

The Effects Of High Intensity Interval-Based Kettlebells And Battle Rope Training On Grip Strength And Body Composition In College-Aged Adults, Jeffrey Quednow, Tim Sedlak, Joseph Meier, Jeffrey Janot, Saori Braun

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 8(2) : 124-133, 2015. The aim of this current study is to evaluate the changes in body composition and hand grip strength following high intensity interval training (HIIT) utilizing kettlebells and battle ropes. We hypothesize results will show that our HIIT protocol will improve grip strength and body composition. Subjects in the experimental and control group consist of 13 college-aged students (9 females; 4 males). Subjects in both groups complete a pre-test and post-test consisting of height, weight, grip strength via handgrip dynamometers and body composition via skinfold calipers. The experimental group completes a 5-week …

Thermoregulatory Dysfunction In Multiple Sclerosis Patients During Moderate Exercise In A Thermoneutral Environment, Mu Huang, Nathan Morris, Ollie Jay, Scott Davis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Impairments in sudomotor function during passive heat stress have been reported in multiple sclerosis (MS), a demyelinating disease of the CNS that disrupts autonomic function. However, little is known regarding exercise induced increases in core body temperature on thermoregulatory mechanisms in MS. Thus, the aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that thermoregulatory function is impaired in MS patients compared to healthy controls (CN) during moderate exercise. Thermoregulatory function in five patients diagnosed with relapsing-remitting MS and five mass-matched healthy controls were compared during a single bout of cycling exercise (fixed workload of 70 Watts) for 30-60 minutes …

Do Elliptical Trainers Accurately Estimate Energy Expenditure?, Kevin Vallecillos, Edith Torres, Alberto Garcia, Kelsey Mclaughlin, Bethany Noack, Jorge Granados

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Life Fitness and Precor elliptical exercise trainers are very popular in fitness centers because of the reduced impact on joints as compared to running on a treadmill. Modern elliptical trainers measure heart rate, distance traveled, and provide an estimated amount of calories expended during the exercise bout. Each piece of equipment uses an internal algorithm to estimate energy expenditure based upon resistance and pedal rate. The purpose of this study was to determine if the PRECOR model EFX 556i and Life Fitness model 95X elliptical trainers accurately estimated energy expenditure. Three men and three women performed exercise sessions on each …

Effects Of Regular Exercise On Blood Components And Serum Lipids In Elderly With Low Cognitive Function, Nan Hee Lee, Chung Moo Lee, Sukho Lee

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Exercise is known as an effective method to reduce morbidity related to the cognitive impairment in the elderly. It has been reported that combined exercise including aerobic exercise and resistance training promotes cardiovascular function to facilitate volumetric oxygen transfer into brain and body tissues. The purpose of the present study was to determine the changes of blood components (RBC, WBC, HCT, Hb, MCV, MCH, Platelet) and serum lipids (TC, TG, HDL-c, LDL-c) by regular combined exercise in elderly with low cognitive function. 18 elderly women out of 23 completed all study requirements in this study. Following a baseline screening session …

Doms After Acute Strenuous Exercise And Massage, Cathleen Holub, John D. Smtih

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The art of massage therapy has been around for centuries and investigation of its effects on the human body continues. Purpose: This study is designed to determine if Swedish massage therapy reduces DOMS at 24- and 48-hours after a single bout of resistance exercise to fatigue. Methods: Twenty one volunteers completed a bout of body squats to exhaustion holding a 3.63 kg (8 lb.) weight for men and a 2.27 kg (5 lb.) for women, and after a one-minute rest did the same again but without the weight. This was immediately followed by a 20-minute Swedish massage on …

Increasing Physical Activity Through Non-Weight Bearing Modality, Jacquelyn N. Zera

Exercise Science and Sports Studies

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Between Personality Type And Exercise Motivation, Kayla Michelle Bowman

Online Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide further understanding of the complex nature of physical activity motivation. Specifically, the purpose of this study was to analyze personality type and internal/external autonomous regulation. Method: Subjects were college students age 18 years and older who attended the Fitness Five Project. Data collected from the Ten-Item Personality Inventory and the RM 4-FM: Motivation for Physical Activity Questionnaire were analyzed using a bivariate correlation. Results: Statistical analyses revealed the personality traits extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and emotional stability were positively associated with intrinsic motivation. Results showed the personality trait openness to experience was …

Comparison Of Treatments For Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (Doms), Kathleen Palladino, Sabrina Garcia, Sandeep Moses, Luis Anaya

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is related to pain that follows an unfamiliar eccentric exercise that causes damage to the skeletal muscle (Hilbert, et al. 2003). The pain typically appears within the first 24 hours and starts to peak between 48-72 hours post exercise. Symptoms include the feeling of stiffness, pain, and inflammation. Some common forms of treatment for DOMS are ice packs, hot packs, and topical analgesics.

Electronic Fitness Trackers And Motivation To Exercise, Sadaf Habib, Jessie Harty, Tessa Li, Meagan Sanders, Harley Uranga

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Physical Activity is any movement of the body that requires the muscle to do work. One possible way to track that activity is through Electronic Fit­ness Trackers. Fitness Trackers are wearable devices that track steps, calorie intake and expenditure, and workouts. By having a tracker, users are able see their true day-to-day activity level and can then use the tracker set goals to im­prove. Little prior research has been done on fitness trackers, as they are a rela­tively new technology, and that which has been done has focused mostly on validi­ty of measurement. Further research is necessary to determine the …

Effect Of Pre-Workout Supplementation On Aerobic Endurance, Mary-Catherine Wilson

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION: Pre-workout supplements are meant to improve exercise performance by increasing power, focus, endurance, and reaction time. Cellucor C4 Extreme is a popular pre-workout supplement containing multiple ingredients that are meant to improve exercise performance by working synergistically.Product claims for C4 include more energy, improved strength, and improved endurance. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Cellucor C4 Extreme on submaximal cycle endurance by comparing five variables (distance, RPE, heart rate (HR), minute ventilation (VE), and oxygen consumption (VO2)) METHODS: Six female (22.5 year olds ±1.0, 59.47 kg ±5.52, 1.61 cm ±0.45) recreationally active UTA …

The Effect Of Beta-Alanine On Peak Anaerobic Power And Blood Lactate Levels, Courtney Mutchler

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Introduction • Beta-alanine is an increasingly popular dietary supplement that sometimes is promoted as a performance enhancer (7). • Oral supplementation with the amino acid beta-alanine increases muscle content of the dipeptide carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) and has positive effects on some short high-intensity exercise tasks (4). • Consumption of various individual ingredients often included in proprietary pre- workout blends are known to effectively increase time to fatigue, allowing for an increased training volume (12). • Carnosine acts as an intracellular buffer during high-intensity exercise, and elevations in muscle carnosine concentration have been demonstrated to enhance cycling capacity, ventilatory threshold, and delay …

Is Whey Protein Or Oscar Mayer P3 Portable Protein Pack Better For One Repetition Max Strength Gains?, Daniel Martinez, John Cryer, Jonathan Herrera, Yancarlo Palacios, Zachary Blankenship

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Protein is found all throughout the body and is the key component to building muscle. Protein is built from building blocks called amino acids. It has been found that whey protein is digested very quickly, and possesses a greater compliment of essential amino acids and branched chain amino acids. Oscar Mayer P3 pack contains cheese, nuts, and meat which complement the essential amino acids. Research has shown that Whey protein stimulates greater increase in muscular strength due to its concentration, fast digestion, and mixture of peptides over its predecessors. The aim of the experiment is to determine whether powder protein …

Effects Of Temperature Change On Fluid Intake On Performance, Juanjose Tello

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION: Fluid intake during exercise is a very important aspect to both health and performance of an athlete. It is known that during exercise, an increase in exercise intensity causes an increase in HR, breathing rate, VO2(L/min), and other physiologic variables. The body must rid itself of heat that builds up due to the breakdown of energy providers such as glycogen, protein, fat, and blood glucose and muscle contraction. Body temperature is another variable that is affected by increase in exercise, but proper hydration helps aid the body in getting rid of excess heat and helps return the body to …