Kinesiology Commons^™

Distinct Visual Processing Patterns In Female Elite Athletes: A Comparative Study Of Gymnastics, Soccer, And Esports Using Visual P300 Event-Related Potentials, Papatsorn Ramyarangsi, Simon J. Bennett, Vorasith Siripornpanich, Ampika Nanbancha, Akachai Pokaisasawan, Prapan Noppongsakit, Amornpan Ajjimaporn

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(5): 1595-1604, 2024. Visual processing is crucial for sports performance, influencing athletes' ability to interpret and respond to visual stimuli. This study investigated distinct visual processing patterns among Thai elite athletes in gymnastics, soccer, and esports, utilizing visual P300 event-related potentials (P300 ERPs). Forty-two female athletes (14 gymnasts, 14 soccer players, and 14 esports athletes) participated. Visual P300 ERP responses were stimulated using the visual oddball paradigm. One-way ANOVA was employed to assess significant differences among the groups in P300 ERPs data, including amplitude and latency of waveforms, response time, and accuracy rate. Significant differences …

Ptsd Increases Risk For Hypertension Development Through Pvn Activation And Vascular Dysfunction In Sprague Dawley Rats, Xinqian Chen, Xin Yan, Chunxiu Yu, Qing-Hui Chen, Lanrong Bi, Zhiying Shan

Michigan Tech Publications

This study investigates the impact of single prolonged stress (SPS), a model of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), on cardiovascular responses, hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) activity, and vascular function to elucidate the mechanisms linking traumatic stress to hypertension. Although SPS did not directly cause chronic hypertension in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, it induced acute but transient increases in blood pressure and heart rate and significantly altered the expression of hypertension-associated genes, such as vasopressin, angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R), and FOSL1 in the PVN. Notably, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) were predominantly elevated in the pre-autonomic regions of the …

Dehydration And Traumatic Brain Injury: A Pilot Study Of A Translational Rodent Model Of Conditions In Professional Combat Sports, Alexander S. Martinie, Corey Peacock, Chris Algeri, Bill Kochen

Journal for Sports Neuroscience

Traumatic brain injuries are a widespread public health issue, with athletes being at an increased risk of traumatic brain injury, especially in contact sports. Dehydration and rehydration prior to use of a weight drop served as a model for conditions experienced by professional boxers in a rodent model of traumatic brain injury. Following dehydration, rehydration, and traumatic brain injury procedures, subjects’ symptoms were assessed using the novel object recognition task, sucrose preference test, open field maze, and elevated zero maze. There were significant effects of both dehydration and TBI on time to righting, and there was a significant interaction between …

Can Lower-Body Strength And Power Alleviate Load Carriage Performance Decrements (Tactical Deficit) In Simulated Law Enforcement Job Tasks?, Ashley M. Bloodgood, Joseph Dulla, Megan Thompson, Matthew R. Moreno, Robin (Rob) Marc Orr, J. Jay Dawes, Robert G. Lockie

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(4): 1577-1594, 2024. Law enforcement agencies typically have recruits complete fitness assessments without personal protective equipment (PPE). PPE negatively impacts performance. Greater strength and power could alleviate performance decrements due to the extra load, termed the tactical deficit (TD). The purpose of this study was to examine whether lower-body strength or power related to the TD in civilians performing police tasks. Twenty participants (12 men, 8 women) completed baseline tests, including: standing broad jump (SBJ); relative SBJ; absolute and relative isometric leg/back dynamometer (LBD) and one-repetition maximum hexagonal bar deadlift (HBD). In two other sessions, …

Heart Rate And Blood Pressure Responses Vary Between Blood Flow Restriction Cuff Type, Daniela Rincon Garcia, Abbey C. Hafler, Rebecca F. Rodriguez, Erica M. Marshall

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(2): 1568-1576, 2024. The purpose of the study was to compare heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) following high load resistance exercise (HLRE) and blood flow restriction exercise (BFRE) with a knee wrap (kBFRE) and pneumatic cuff (pBFRE). Eleven men (N = 9) and women (N = 2) participated. HR, SBP, and DBP were collected at Rest, immediately post exercise (IP), 10-, 30-, and 45-minutes post exercise. Repeated measures ANOVAs assessed the effects of condition across time on all variables. Significant effects were examined with pairwise comparisons and a …

The Effect Of Exercise Type On Working Memory, Ariana Gonzalez, William R. Kochen

Journal for Sports Neuroscience

Martial arts encompass a wide range of sports and techniques that have been practiced for self-defense and combat for thousands of years. It has expanded to include various styles such as Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, Taekwondo, judo, and karate. It has also been practiced as a form of exercise and entertainment. Martial arts have been associated to discipline, integrity, improved stamina, and increased mental and problem-solving capabilities. Unlike other exercise methods, most martial arts require focus, skill, and technique, which have been hypothesized to improve memory. The purpose of the study was to determine if there was a significant improvement in the …

Relative Age Effect For Different Playing Positions In Adolescent Female Volleyball Players, Christos Ntozis, Karolina Barzouka, Apostolos Z. Skouras, Evgenia Cherouveim, Flora Papitsi, Nikolaos Apostolidis, Charilaos Tsolakis

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(4): 1553-1567, 2024. Understanding the Relative Age Effect (RAE) in female volleyball can provide a deeper insight into potential developmental advantages and selection biases between playing positions and volleyball-related performance characteristics. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of the RAE in adolescent female volleyball players according to the playing position and the possible differences in anthropometric and performance characteristics between the relative age groups. The study involved 193 young female volleyball players from 12 different regions and 108 sports clubs from all over Greece, with an average age of 14.53 ± 0.31 years, height …

The Effects Of Mental Fatigue Induced By The Stroop Test On Muscular Endurance Performance And Neuromuscular Activation In Division Iii Female Athletes, Francesca Cuchna, Jeffrey Herrick, Price Blair, Sean Collins

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(4): 1540-1552, 2024. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect that mental fatigue, as induced by a Stroop test, has on resistance training performance outcomes such as muscular endurance, power output, and neuromuscular activation. Seven female college-aged NCAA Division III student-athletes with at least one year of resistance training experience and were within the 50th percentile for maximal aerobic capacity provided informed consent for participation. During two separate visits, using a within-subject crossover experimental design, subjects completed either the experimental or control condition. Subjects then completed a to-failure leg press test at …

A Systematic Review Of The Long-Term Efficacy Of Physical Activity Interventions In Reducing Risk Factors For Obesity In Adults, Jude Ominyi, Andrew Clifton, Noreen Cushen-Brewster

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background: Regular physical activity (PA) provides numerous health advantages, including lowering mortality rates and preventing obesity. Despite well-established guidelines advising 150-300 minutes of moderate-intensity or 75-150 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic PA weekly, sedentary lifestyles remain prevalent, especially in industrialised nations. This systematic review examines the long-term effectiveness (12-24 months) of PA interventions aimed at reducing obesity risk among adults, with a particular focus on identifying strategies that promote sustained adherence.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed using multiple databases, including Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase, focusing on studies published between January 2004 and January 2024. The inclusion …

Effects Of Different Warm-Up Protocols On The Cardiopulmonary Responses To Exercise Testing In Youth, Avery D. Faigenbaum, Jie Kang, Jenna Ingui, Aidan Fish, Jessica Dimatteo, Izzy Leazier, Jill Bush, Nicholas Ratamess

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(4): 1530-1539, 2024. The aim of this study was to compare the warm-up effects of a treadmill walking warm-up (TW) with a dynamic warm-up (DW) on the responses to cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in youth. A sample of 16 active youth (age 13.6 ± 1.8 yr) were tested for peak oxygen uptake (VO₂ peak) using the Fitkids treadmill test protocol on 2 nonconsecutive days following different 6-min warm-up procedures. The TW consisted of walking on a treadmill at 2.2 mph and 0% grade whereas the DW consisted of 12 bodyweight exercises with a 2 …

A Comparison Of Achilles Tendon Morphological Characteristics Based Upon Visa-A Score In Active Adults Over Age 50, Joshua Sponbeck, Brie Gisseman, Christian Lefevre, Emily Shuler, Ron Hager, A. Wayne Johnson

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(3): 1517-1529, 2024. Morphologic Achilles tendon properties obtained via diagnostic ultrasound imaging are valuable in understanding Achilles tendon health and injury. Currently, limited information exists regarding Achilles tendon morphological properties amongst active aging adults based upon Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment (VISA-A) scores. Achilles tendon morphologic properties defined by VISA-A score groupings allow clinicians and researchers to compare data values amongst current patients. Purpose: Comparison of physically active aging adults Achilles tendon morphological properties with various VISA-A scores or a previous Achilles tendon rupture. A convenience sample of 121 participants (71 females, 50 males) at …

Leisure-Time Physical Activity And Motivation In Police Cadets: A Self-Determination Study, Sébastien Poirier, François Trudeau, Julie Houle

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(5): 1504-1516, 2024. Several studies have highlighted the importance of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) for the health and performance of law enforcement officers. Nevertheless, a considerable proportion of officers still fail to engage in any LTPA. There is a clear need to identify correlates of physical activity among this specific occupational group to help the design of workplace physical activity interventions. Rooted in the self-determination theory, this study seeks to assess the LTPA level of police cadets and examine its relationship with the different regulatory forms of motivation. In this cross-sectional study, 188 police cadets …

Proceedings From The Fifth Annual For Society For Sports Neuroscience Conference, Neurosports Editorial Staff

Journal for Sports Neuroscience

Proceedings from the Fifth Annual for Society for Sports Neuroscience Conference

Sculpting Success: The Importance Of Diet And Physical Activity To Support Skeletal Muscle Health During Weight Loss With New Generation Anti-Obesity Medications, Gregory J. Grosicki, Nikhil V. Dhurandhar, Jessica L. Unick, Shawn M. Arent Ph.D., Cscs*D, Fissn, Facsm, Fnak, J. Graham Thomas, Holly Lofton, Madelyn C. Shepherd, Jessica Kiel, Christopher Coleman, Satya S. Jonnalagadda

Faculty Publications

Obesity is a public health crisis, with prevalence rates tripling over the past 60 y. Although lifestyle modifications, such as diet and physical activity, remain the first-line treatments, recent anti-obesity medications (AOMs) have been shown to achieve greater reductions in body weight and fat mass. However, AOMs also reduce fat-free mass, including skeletal muscle, which has been demonstrated to account for 20% to 50% of total weight loss. This can equate to ∼6 kg or 10% of total lean mass after 12–18 mo, a loss comparable to a decade of human aging. Despite questions surrounding the clinical relevance of weight …

Characterization Of Health And Safety Resources For Athletes With Sickle Cell Trait At Ncaa Institutions, Susan W. Yeargin Ph.D., Atc, Lat, Courtney M. Meyer Ph.D., Rebecca M. Hirschhorn, Abbi D. Lane, Shawn M. Arent Ph.D., Cscs*D, Fissn, Facsm, Fnak, Clint R. Haggard

Faculty Publications

Yeargin, SW, Meyer, CM, Hirschhorn, RM, Lane, AD, Arent, SM, and Haggard, CR. Characterization of health and safety resources for athletes with sickle cell trait at NCAA institutions. J Strength Cond Res 38(11): 1967-1973, 2024 - The purpose of this study was to report the prevalence of student-athletes with sickle cell trait (SCT), determine which screening practices are most commonly used, describe the health and human performance services provided to athletes, and ascertain if differences between National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) designations or divisions exist. A cross-sectional survey design was used to query healthcare administrators regarding SCT resources at their …

Adverse Childhood Experiences And Psychological Correlates Of Substance Use Disorders Among Black Sexual Minority Women, Shemeka Thorpe, Kaylee A Palomino, Natalie Malone, Danelle Stevens-Watkins

Kinesiology and Health Promotion Faculty Publications

This study examined the influence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on Black sexual minority women's mental health and substance use disorders in adulthood. Secondary data analysis was conducted using N = 149 Black sexual minority women's reports from the Generations Study. Study variables included psychological distress, chronic strains, stressful life events, ACEs, and substance use disorders, including alcohol use disorder and drug use disorder. Quantitative data analysis consisted of descriptives and bivariate correlations. Participants' total ACE scores were positively significantly correlated with increased alcohol misuse, chronic life strains, and stressful life events. Exposure to household interpersonal violence and household mental …

High-Intensity Exercise In Community-Based Boxing Improves Functional Limitations In Individuals With Parkinson’S Disease, Linnette Ramos, Jessica Watson, Ryan Macalintal, Carrie Ellis

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(3): 1493-1503, 2024. Various exercise types may slow disease progression and improve physical function for people with Parkinson’s disease (PWP), including community-based boxing programs (CBP). Recent research suggests that high-intensity exercise may result in greater benefits for PWP. Participants in CBP, which are typically self-paced, may not be reaching this optimal intensity. This study examines if it is feasible and beneficial for PWP to perform high-intensity exercise in a CBP. Seven subjects diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease participated in a multimodal CBP twice a week for six weeks while wearing heart rate (HR) monitors to help …

Incidence Of Achilles Tendon Ruptures And Associated Factors In Women's Artistic Gymnastics, Kayla Horton, Amanda Hawkes

Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology

Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology Volume 5: Issue 1, Article 10, 2024.

Achilles tendon rupture risk appears to be higher in women's artistic gymnastics compared to other collegiate sports, however little is understood about personal, training, and performance factors potentially associated with this elevated risk. Previous research has only examined gymnasts who have sustained Achilles tendon ruptures while in an NCAA environment. The overall incidence of Achilles tendon ruptures among gymnasts has not been assessed. This study aims to identify injury factors, Achilles rupture incidence and training habits related to Achilles tendon ruptures in current and former women’s artistic …

Observers Have Similar Improvements In Student Learning Outcomes As Participants In Athletic Training Simulation Education: A Pilot Study., Alma R. Mattocks Phd, Atc, Chse, Sara E. Mahoney Phd, Facsm, Rachele E. Vogelpohl Phd, Atc, Kim Hawkins Phd, Aprn, Fnp-C

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Introduction: The use of standardized patient (SP) encounters in athletic training education programs have become more common; however, due to time and space constraints, it is possible that not all athletic training students will be able to participate and some must be observers. The objective of this study was to determine if observers experience similar improvements in student learning outcomes as participants for SP encounters. Methods: A pretest/posttest, non-randomized controlled trial was utilized. Nine athletic training students volunteered to participate in the research study. All participants completed a pretest survey including a knowledge assessment and confidence rating scale, followed by …

Bidirectional Nature Of Work Family Conflict: Family Interfering With Work Conflict Among Athletic Trainers In The Collegiate Setting, Stephanie M. Singe, Milana Adaspour, Alexandrya Cairns, William Pitney

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Introduction: Work-family conflict is bidirectional, yet research has largely only investigated the extent to which work interferes with family conflict (WIFC) and not whether family interferes with work conflict (FIWC). Objective: Investigate FIWC among collegiate athletic trainers. Specifically, we were focused on relationships between gender, marital status, employment status of the athletic trainer’s spouse, and number of children. Methods: Data were collected via a cross-sectional, online survey (Qualtrics). Descriptive statistics were calculated for demographic information; Mann Whitney U analyses were utilized to discover differences between gender, marital status, employment status of spouse, and number of children.

Results: 984 (605 women, …

Athletic Trainer Emergency Management Skill Assessment Via Low Fidelity Simulation, Jaclyn B. Arduini, Jennifer L. Volberding

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Introduction: Athletic training education requires the inclusion of emergency management (EM) best practices, however the Board of Certification (BOC) does not mandate any continuing education (CE) past Emergency Cardiac Care (ECC). With EM best practices continuing to change there is potential for a large knowledge gap to develop in practicing athletic trainers (ATs) who do not chose to engage in EM CE. The purpose of this study was to identify knowledge gaps in practicing ATs’ EM skills via low fidelity simulation. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in an educational laboratory setting involving twenty-two ATs (age 36.7±10.8 years; 13 males, …

Telehealth Education In Athletic Training, W. David Carr, Mccall E. Christian, Jennifer L. Volberding, Zachary K. Winkelmann

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Context: Within the broad telehealth education literature, there are numerous case studies and position statements from various associations of model practices. Little is known about how athletic training is addressing telehealth education. Objective: To determine how athletic training education programs teach, assess, and structure telehealth content. Design: Cross-sectional study Setting: Online survey instrument Patients or Other Participants: An institutional athletic training faculty member from 82 athletic training programs in the United States. Data Collection and Analysis: The survey contained the validated Telehealth Evaluative Content in Higher Education (TECHE) instrument, which consisted of descriptive items focused on how education programs teach, …

Athletic Training Students’ Experiences And Perceptions Of Exertional Heat Stroke Simulated Encounters: A Qualitative Analysis, Hannah L. Stedge, Malissa Martin, Beth L. Kinslow, Valerie Herzog, Christine Reyes

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Introduction: Athletic trainers are trained to recognize exertional heat stroke (EHS), which is critical to implementing lifesaving measures. Rectal thermometry is the best practice for recognizing EHS, and the Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education (CAATE) requires students to learn rectal thermometry. Rooted in transformative learning theory, this study explored the perceptions and experiences of athletic training students following simulated EHS encounters with either high-fidelity (HF) simulators or standardized patients (SPs). Methods: This was a qualitative study using phenomenological theory. Through semi-structured qualitative interviews, we explored participants' personal experiences and perceptions following their simulation interventions. Participants included sixteen first-year …

The Interaction Of Treadmill Type And Incline Slope On Biomechanics And Muscle Activation During Human Locomotion, Rohit Kundu, Ricardo Sanchez, Taj Krieger, Eli Lankford

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(1): 1478-1492, 2024. To investigate the effects of differing treadmills on impact acceleration and muscle activation. Methods: 15 males and 7 females (27.8 ± 7.7yrs), engaged in two sessions of high-incline walking (HIW), and low-incline jogging (LIJ) on different deck systems (cushioned) treadmills (TM1 and TM2). Sessions lasted 5-minutes, and participants maintained a self-selected pace matched for each session. EMG markers were placed over the Tibialis Anterior (TA), Soleus (SOL), Lateral Gastrocnemius (LG), Biceps Femoris (BF), Gluteus Maximus (GM), Anterior Deltoid (AD), Vastus Lateralis (VL), and the Erector Spinae (ES). Trident Inertial Measurement Units (IMU) …

Effect Of Sex And Age On Knee Strength In Young Athletes: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Hui Gao, Xiaoquan Luo

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(6): 1461-1477, 2024. The purpose was to summarize the studies examining knee strength in young athletes and provide valuable insights into the magnitude of changes in knee flexion and extension strength during the transition from pre-puberty to puberty among male and female athletes. The literature search was conducted through Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science. Cohen’s effect size (ES) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed using a random effects model. While comparing males and females, as well as pre-puberty and puberty stages, we conducted subgroup analyses for pre-puberty versus puberty and for males …

Acute Effects Of Serial And Integrated Concurrent Exercise On Circulating Micrornas -126 And -222 In Sedentary Adults, Matthew F. Brisebois, Ryan A. Gordon, Emily L. Zumbro, Matthew L. Sokoloski, Anthony A. Duplanty, Shanil Juma, Brandon R. Rigby

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(2): 1444-1460, 2024. The purpose of this study was to compare changes in circulating microRNAs -126 (c-miR-126) and -222 (c-miR-222) following acute serial concurrent exercise (SCE) and integrated concurrent exercise (ICE) sessions among young, sedentary adults. Ten males and 9 females completed the study procedures. For SCE, participants performed resistance exercise (RE) followed by aerobic exercise (AE), without mixing the two. For ICE, participants performed a brief bout of AE before each set of RE. Blood was collected before, immediately after (IP), and 1 h (1HR) after each exercise session. Expression of c-miR-126 significantly increased …

Two Lives, Shruti Trehan Mbbs

Journal of Wellness

A busy oncologist makes a decision to leave her busy, thriving, community practice in the Mid-West and moves to a Veterans Affairs hospital in South Florida in the quest for a better work-life balance.

Effects Of Lactate On Corticospinal Excitability: A Scoping Review, Jess T. Gibson, Hudson J. Barr, Shaun G. Boe

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(2): 1429-1443, 2024. Aerobic exercise has been shown to impact corticospinal excitability (CSE), however the mechanism(s) by which this occurs is unclear. Some evidence suggests an increase in blood lactate concentration resulting from exercise may be what is driving these changes in corticospinal excitability. The extent of literature examining this effect and whether it is consistent across the literature is unknown. As such, the objective of this scoping review was to summarize the existing literature examining the effect of lactate on corticospinal excitability and to determine any trend(s) in the effect. Embase, CINAHL, Medline, SPORTDiscus, …

A Sex Comparison Of The Physical And Physiological Demands Of United States Marine Corps Recruit Training, Bridget A. Mcfadden, Harry P. Cintineo, Alexa J. Chandler, Gianna F, Mastrofini, Caroline Vicenty, Patrick Peterson, Mita Lovalekar, Bradley Nindl, Shawn M. Arent

Faculty Scholarship

PURPOSE: to monitor USMC recruits throughout training to comparatively assess workload, sleep, stress, and performance responses in men and women.

METHODS: 278 recruits (M = 180 & W = 98; Age = 19 ± 2y) were monitored and tested. Workload, sleep, and stress assessments occurred at weeks 2, 7/8, and 11 of training. Workload (energy expenditure per kg body mass [EE], distance [DIS], steps) and sleep (continuity & duration) were tracked over 72-hour periods using wearable accelerometry and heart rate devices. Stress was determined through salivary cortisol. Performance testing (vertical jump [CMJ] and isometric mid-thigh pull [IMTP]), occurred …

University Of Nebraska At Omaha Division Of Biomechanics And Research Development Annual Report 2022-2023, Uno Biomechanics

Biomechanics Annual Report

This report contains:

A letter from the Director: Dr. Nick Stergiou

Highlights articles

Our ne Cobre: the Center for Cardiovascular Research in Biomechanics (CRiB) articles

The Center for Research in Human Movement Variability (MOVCENTR) articles

People of UNO Biomechanics

Student Centered articles

Faculty Success articles

Education Initiative articles