Kinesiology Commons^™

Psychological Status During And After The Preparation Of A Long-Distance Triathlon Event In Amateur Athletes, Vincent Gosselin Boucher, Maxime Caru, Sarah-Maude Martin, Maxime Lopes, Alain Steve Comtois, Francois Lalonde

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(5): 134-148, 2021. Preparation for an endurance event among amateur athletes requires a major commitment on their part. Knowing amateur athletes’ psychological characteristics during a training period should be a priority for coaches and athletes. The aim of our longitudinal study was to characterize the psychological profile of amateur athletes over a training period of six months prior to and after a long-distance triathlon. Thirty-two amateur athletes (13 females; 19 males; 1.5±1.3 years of experience) were recruited for this observational study. All participants (39±9.9 years old; weighs 73±12.9 kg; measure 172±10.2 cm) underwent a physical …

A Short-Term Paleolithic Dietary Intervention Does Not Alter Adipokines Linked To Adiposity, Rachel M. Graff, Kristofer Jennings, Natalie A. Davies, Andres E. Carrillo, Emily C. Lavoy, Edward J. Ryan, Melissa M. Markofski

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(2): 113-122, 2021. The Paleolithic diet, characterized by an emphasis on hunter-gatherer type foods accompanied by an exclusion of grains, dairy products, and highly processed food items, is often promoted for weight loss and a reduction in cardiometabolic disease risk factors. Specific adipokines, such as adiponectin, omentin, nesfatin, and vaspin are reported to be dysregulated with obesity and may respond favorably to diet-induced fat loss. We aimed to evaluate the effects of an eight-week Paleolithic dietary intervention on circulating adiponectin, omentin, nesfatin, and vaspin in a cohort of physically inactive, but otherwise healthy adults. Methods: …

Trial Of Newgait System To Alter Running Mechanics In High School Athlete: A Case Report, Kathy Tooman, Jozie Weiler, Stacy Ruotsala, Sarah Breen

Other

Trial of NewGait System to Alter Running Mechanics in High School Athlete: a Case Report

Effects Of A Comprehensive School Health Program On Elementary Student Academic Achievement, Erin E. Centeio, Cheryl Somers, E. Whitney G. Moore, Noel Kulik, Alex Garn, Nate Mccaughtry

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

BACKGROUND: Improving the academic achievement of youth in the U.S. has been an area of interest for many decades and has been a critical indicator of future success of youth. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a comprehensive school physical activity and healthy eating program on 5th grade students’ academic achievement, specifically reading and math. METHODS: In total, 628 (intervention: 377, 54% female; comparison: 251, 49% female) 5th grade children participated across the six schools in a yearlong comprehensive health intervention, completing curriculum-based academic achievement measures at two-time points. RESULTS: Results showed …

Measuring Freezing Of Gait During Daily-Life: An Open-Source, Wearable Sensors Approach, Martina Mancini, Vrutangkumar V. Shah, Samuel Stuart, Carolin Curtze, Fay B. Horak, Delaram Safarpour, John G. Nutt

Journal Articles

Background

Although a growing number of studies focus on the measurement and detection of freezing of gait (FoG) in laboratory settings, only a few studies have attempted to measure FoG during daily life with body-worn sensors. Here, we presented a novel algorithm to detect FoG in a group of people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) in the laboratory (Study I) and extended the algorithm in a second cohort of people with PD at home during daily life (Study II).

Methods

In Study I, we described of our novel FoG detection algorithm based on five inertial sensors attached to the feet, shins …

Lumbar Multifidus Muscle Thickness During Graded Quadruped And Prone Exercises, Konstantinos Dafkou, Eleftherios Kellis, Athanasios Ellinoudis, Chrysostomos Sahinis

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(7): 101-112, 2021. Exercises for lumbar multifidus (LM) muscle are important for injury and low back pain prevention and treatment. This study examined the differences in LM contraction thickness between variations of the superman and bird dog exercises. Twenty-one recreational athletes performed the superman exercise from the prone position with the following grading: rest, right upper extremity lift (RU), right lower extremity (RL) and upper and lower extremities lift (UL). They also performed the following bird dog variations from the quadruped position: rest, RU, RL and left upper - right lower extremity lift (LURL). LM …

Effect Of Large Versus Small Range Of Motion In The Various Intensities Of Eccentric Exercise-Induced Muscle Pain And Strength, Chakravarthy M. Sadacharan, Sumin Seo

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(7): 1-18, 2021. The purpose was to investigate eccentric (ECC) exercise with full range of motion (FROM) induce a greater magnitude of delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), pain, functional limitations compared to partial range of motion (PROM; outer 60° of ROM). Thirty-four participants (men and women) aged between 18 and 30 years performed ECC exercise protocol on elbow and knee muscles (5 × 10 repetitions each session) using their 15%/25%/35% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) with PROM (week 2-4) and FROM (week 6-8). Two days a week, ECC exercises and remaining days the subjective …

Do Critical And Functional Threshold Powers Equate In Highly- Trained Athletes?, Eanna Mc Grath, Nicholas Mahony, Neil Fleming, Conor Raleigh, Bernard Donne

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(4): 45-59, 2021. The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether Critical Power (CP) and Functional Threshold Power (FTP) can be used interchangeably for a highly-trained group of cyclists and triathletes. CP was ascertained using multiple fixed load trials and FTP determined from a single cycling trial. Three different models for the determination of CP were initially addressed, one hyperbolic (H_model) and two linear (J_model and I_model). The J_model was identified as most appropriate for a comparison with FTP. The J_model and FTP were not found to …

Simple Bodyweight Training Improves Cardiorespiratory Fitness With Minimal Time Commitment: A Contemporary Application Of The 5bx Approach, Linda R. Archila, William Bostad, Michael J. Joyner, Martin J. Gibala

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(3): 93-100, 2021. Bodyweight training (BWT) is a style of interval exercise based on classic principles of physical education. Limited research, however, has examined the efficacy of BWT on cardiorespiratory fitness. This is especially true for simple BWT protocols that do not require extraordinarily high levels of effort. We examined the effect of a BWT protocol, modelled after the original “Five Basic Exercises” (5BX) plan, on peak oxygen uptake (VO_2peak) in healthy, inactive adults (20 ± 1 y; body mass index: 20 ± 5 kg/m²; mean ± SD). Participants were randomized …

Comparison Of Balance Variables Across Active And Retired Athletes And Age Matched Controls, Caitriona Lee, Neil Fleming, Bernard Donne

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(3): 76-92, 2021. Postural control is a major falls risk factor, therefore identifying protective mechanisms is essential. Physical activity enhances postural stability but effect duration has been minimally researched. The current study investigated if prolonged early life training exposure protected neuromuscular balance processes later in life. Static and dynamic balance variables were assessed in 77 healthy adults. Two age ranges (18 - 35yr, young; > 50yr, retired) were divided into weight bearing athlete and control groups; young athlete (YA), young control (YC), retired athlete (RA) and retired control (RC). Static balance was quantified using force platform …

Acute Beet Juice Supplementation Does Not Improve 30- Or 60-Second Maximal Intensity Performance In Anaerobically Trained Athletes, Scott A. Conger, Clare M. Zamzow, Matthew E. Darnell

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(2): 60-75, 2021. Research suggests that beet juice is beneficial during aerobic exercise. However, the impact of beet juice during primarily anaerobic exercise is equivocal. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of acute beet juice supplementation on maximal intensity performance during 30-s and 60-s maximal-intensity cycling sprints. Using a double-blind, crossover-study design, 14 anaerobically trained male hockey players completed six Wingate cycling tests: familiarization trials of a 30-s and 60-s Wingate test, followed by 30-s Wingate placebo/beet juice trials, and 60-s Wingate placebo/beet juice trials. Repeated measures ANOVAs were used to …

Effect Of Pre-Exercise Ice Slurry Ingestion On Physiological And Perceptual Measures In Athletes With Spinal Cord Injuries, Alexis Moore, Kelly Pritchett, Robert C. Pritchett, Elizabeth Broad

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(2): 19-32, 2021. Athletes with cervical level spinal cord injuries (SCI) have an impaired ability to thermoregulate during exercise, leading to an increased core temperature (T_core) due to a decrease in sweat response. Elevated T_core may result in premature onset of fatigue and decreased athletic performance. Therefore, precooling techniques that decrease T_core before exercise may increase the storage capacity for metabolic heat production, thereby delaying the time before reaching a critically high T_core. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of pre-exercise ice slurry ingestion …

Ankle-Knee Initial Contact Angle And Latency To Maximum Angle Are Affected By Prolonged Run, Sydni Wilhoite, Jessica Mutchler, Barry Munkasy, Li Li

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(1): 33-44, 2021. The initial contact and midstance angles may influence injury risk. Previous literature has not assessed these angles under the influence of new footwear for a non-exhaustive prolonged run or the relationship between the angles. To assess lower extremity kinematic changes and the relationship between kinematic parameters at initial contact and midstance with prolonged running under the influence of different types of footwear. Twelve experienced, recreational runners (6 male; 6 female; 24.8 ± 8.4 years; 70.5 ± 9.3 kg; 174.1 ± 9.7 cm) ran for 31 minutes at a self-selected pace for three …

Use Of Blood Flow Restriction To Treat And Rehabilitate Patients Ages 18 To 40 Year Old From Postoperative Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction, Alec Green Almquist

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: Blood flow restriction (BFR) is being shown to have many positive applications for the medical, and strength and conditioning fields. Recently, researchers and physical therapists have been applying these same concepts to patient populations of all ages and are using BFR to assist patients who have undergone major surgeries. A main goal for the use of BFR in rehabilitation is to increase quadricep strength in the rehabilitating patient, while also decreasing stress loads on the knee joint, whether it be the tibiofemoral joint or the patellofemoral joint. This decrease in stress helps the repairing tissue to recover strength without …

Use Of Feedback Mechanisms Versus Exercise Alone For Treatment Of Patients With Scapular Dyskinesis, Jill Contreras

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: Scapular dyskinesis is more prevalent in overhead athletes and can also lead to eventual shoulder injuries or shoulder dysfunction. Therefore, a rehabilitation program to manage or treat scapular dyskinesis is important. The effectiveness of feedback modalities used in combination with exercise may be more beneficial in treating and or managing scapular dyskinesis versus just exercise alone. Purpose: In overhead athletes with scapular dyskinesis, does the use of an exercise program with biofeedback (taping, visual, verbal, surface EMG, video, tactile cueing, and conscious control) reduce the risk of shoulder injury versus exercise alone? Results: Seventeen peer-reviewed articles were examined utilizing …

Does Implementing Neck Strengthening Exercises Reduce The Risk Of Concussion?, Brandon M. Desrosiers

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: There is currently no standard process or preventative method to reduce the risk of concussions. Researchers have claimed that new helmet technology, q-collar necklace, and mouthguards can reduce concussions, but the evidence is lacking. Neck strength is emerging as a possible preventative method to help athletes decrease the likelihood of sustaining a concussion. The theory suggests that individuals with stronger neck muscles will engage their cervical muscles during a collision, reducing the deceleration of the head. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to answer the clinical question, does implementing neck strengthening exercises into an athlete’s workout program reduce …

Use Of Supplemental Iron For The Enhancement Of Physical Performance In Competitive Non-Anemic Female Athletes, Annalese M. Lamke

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: Iron has been a commonly prescribed supplement for female athletes to take, but there is little evidence to support if iron supplementation can help improve non-anemic female, athlete’s performance. There is still a lack of unity to determine whether iron can be beneficial to a female athlete during their competitive season regardless of their blood iron status. Purpose: The purpose of this literature review is to determine the impact of iron supplementation on physical performance in competitive non-anemic female athletes. Results: Seventeen articles were selected after following evaluation procedures utilizing the PEDro Scale, CASP, and the Critical Appraisal of …

Balance Training Improves Dynamic Control In Acl Deficient Athletes Or Anterior Cruciate Reconstruction, Illexus Martin

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the most commonly injured ligament in the knee. The ACL serves as a stabilizer against anterior translation of the tibia on the femur and is among the most commonly studied injuries in orthopaedic research. After ACL reconstruction a typical return to play generally occurs 6 to 9 months after ACL reconstruction (ACLr). It’s extremely important to develop an effective and efficient rehabilitation program to ensure athletes are physically and mentally prepared to return to sport. Purpose: Does balance training improve dynamic control in ACL deficient athletes or ACL reconstruction? Results: Fifteen scholarly articles …

Use Of Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections For Treatment In Patients Diagnosed With Achilles Tendinopathy, Nicole M. Pearson

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: Achilles tendinopathies are common among individuals who are active, usually participating in a sport with a high volume of repetitive motion. Historically, these injuries have been treated with conservative home exercises. If the patient exhausts their conservative treatment options, the next step is typically surgery to repair the tendon (Maffulli, 2015). Recently, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections have become more commonly used to treat musculoskeletal injuries and are considered minimally invasive procedures. This allows the patient to return home immediately post injection and return to activity within a few days. However, the research shows mixed results in terms of its …

Efficacy Of Kinesio Taping Combined With Eccentric Exercise In Decreasing Pain In Motion For Overhead Athletes With Rotator Cuff Tendonitis, Ester Vang

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Rotator cuff tendonitis is an injury that can occur in overhead athletes with overuse and eccentric training has shown to help relieve any pain with rotator cuff tendonitis. Kinesio taping (KT) is becoming increasingly popular in the athlete population. KT and eccentric training could be beneficial and effective together, but also remains unsolved as KT has many unanswered questions. The purpose of this critical review is to determine if eccentric exercise combined with KT is superior than with just eccentric exercise in rehabilitation for overhead athletes in order to decrease pain while in motion. There were 17 articles in total …

A Comparison Of Running Economy Across Seven Carbon-Plated Racing Shoes, Dustin P. Joubert, Garrett P. Jones

Faculty Publications

Background: Advancements in running shoe technology, particularly in the Nike Vaporfly, have been shown to improve running economy. Other brands have now also developed new, advanced shoes with a carbon-fiber plate and thicker, new midsole foams. However, none of these new shoes have been compared to the Vaporfly. Therefore, we compared the effects of 7 different carbon-plated shoes and 1 traditional racing shoe on running economy.

Methods: Seven carbon-plated shoes: Hoka-RocketX (HRX), Saucony-Endorphin Pro (SEP), Nike-Alphafly (NAF), Asics-Metaspeed Sky (AMS), Nike-Vaporfly2 (NVF2), New Balance-RC Elite (NBRC), Brooks-Hyperion Elite2 (BHE2), and one traditional shoe: Asics-Hyperspeed (AHS) were tested in 12 male …

Factor Structure Of The Barriers To Physical Activity Scale For Youth With Visual Impairments, Jeffrey J. Martin, Erin E. Snapp, E. Whitney G. Moore, Lauren J. Lieberman, Ellen Armstrong, Staci Mannella

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

Youth with visual impairments (VI) often experience unique barriers to physical activity (PA) compared to their sighted peers (Armstrong et al., 2018). A psychometrically sound scale for assessing barriers to PA for youth with VI is needed to facilitate research. The purpose of this paper was to confirm the ability of the previously identified three-factor structure of the Physical Activity Barriers Questionnaire for youth with Visual Impairments (PABQ-VI) to produce scores considered to be valid and reliable (Armstrong et al., 2020; Armstrong et al., 2018) that perform equally well across age, VI severity, and gender. Our results supported the three-factor …

Cross-Sectional Nutrition Profile Of Palliative Home Care Clients In Ontario And Performance Of The Interrai Palliative Care Nutrition Clinical Assessment Protocol, Tara Stevens, Heather Keller, Nicole Williams, James Downar, Dawn M. Guthrie

Health Sciences Faculty Publications

Background: The nutrition profile of palliative home care clients is unknown. This study describes this group and their nutrition issues and evaluates the performance of the interRAI nutrition Clinical Assessment Protocol (CAP).

Methods: This was a cross-sectional secondary analysis using Ontario interRAI Palliative Care (interRAI PC) Assessment data. The sample represents 74,963 unique Ontario home care clients assessed between 2011 and 2018. Frequencies and standardized differences (stdiffs) of nutrition characteristics were presented for cancer (n = 62,394) and noncancer (n = 12,569) diagnostic subgroups. Rates of triggering the nutrition CAP were presented by nutrition issue to evaluate its performance.

Results: …

Methods Of The Michigan State University Motor Performance Study, Karin A. Pfeiffer, Larissa True, Eric Martin, Shannon R. Siegel, Crystal F. Branta, John Haubenstricker, Vern Seefeldt

Kinesiology Faculty Publications and Presentations

The Michigan State University Motor Performance Study (MPS) was initiated in 1967 and lasted 32 years. Three central components existed: 1) Educational component, in which students experienced applied work with youth; 2) Instructional component, whereby enrolled youth received sport-specific skill instruction; and 3) Research component. The primary goals of the research component of the MPS were to examine: 1) the changes over time that occur in the physical growth, biological maturity, and motor skill acquisition of children and youth; 2) the processes involved in the attainment of basic and complex motor skills; and 3) the influence of changes in the …

The Relationship Between Rapid Weight Loss And Physical Performance In Combat Sports, Sean P. Cavey

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The purpose of this study is to determine if there is a relationship between rapid weight loss and physical performance in combat sports athletes. The inclusion criteria were rapid weight loss and physical performance effects among combat sports researched in the last 20 years. Phrases, as well as keywords, were searched using multiple databases. The keywords included mixed martial arts (MMA), judo, wrestling, taekwondo, boxing, studies that looked at multiple disciplines at once, and unspecified disciplines. Results of the literature review indicate that there are negative effects on performance due to rapid weight loss and dehydration in combat sports. Appendix …

The Effect Of Physical Activity On Stress In University Students, Faculty, And Staff And How The Covid-19 Pandemic Affected These Variables, Zachary Parisi

2021 Honors Symposium

INTRODUCTION
• Physical activity has been shown in both college aged and broader aged sample sizes as providing health benefits in different areas from mental functioning to increasing VO2 max.
• Changes in DASS-21 made it difficult to have a large enough sample size
• Students who meet the recommendations for vigorous physical activity were less likely to report poor mental health and perceived stress when compared to other students who did not meet those recommendations.
• Within 10 days of COVID-19 being declared a pandemic, there was a 5.5% decrease in mean steps, and within 30 days there was …

The Effects Of Interventions On The Physical And Mental Health Of Undergraduate Engineering Students In North America, Jillian Prince

2021 Honors Symposium

Background
• Stress-induced mental illnesses are common in many undergraduate engineering students
• These can include anxiety, depression, lack of motivation, poor self-regulation, and poor sleeping habits
• Ailments such as these result in decreased retention, lower grades, less cognitive understanding of material, and poor physical and mental health

Purpose
To investigate the effects of interventions on the physical and mental health of undergraduate engineering students in North America to determine what interventions are most successful.

Impact Of Activity Monitoring On Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, And Body Weight During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Jacob E. Barkley, Gregory Farnell, Brianna Boyko, Brooke Turner, Ryan Wiet

2021 Faculty Bibliography

Decreases in individuals' physical activity and increases in sedentary behavior and bodyweight have been reported during the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study assessed the ability of physical activity monitoring, which may promote physical activity and discourage sedentary behavior, to mitigate these negative outcomes. An evaluation of university samples ( N = 404, 40.5 ± 15.4 years) of self-reported physical activity, sedentary behavior, and bodyweight prior to the closure of campus due to the pandemic in March of 2020 and again at the time of the survey administration (May-June 2020) during pandemic-related restrictions was performed. Participants also reported whether they did …

University Of Nebraska At Omaha Department Of Biomechanics Annual Report 2020-2021, Department Of Biomechanics, University Of Nebraska At Omaha

Biomechanics Annual Report

This report contains:

A letter from the Director: Dr. Nick Stergiou

Articles about the Department of Biomechanics' reach

Articles on research that impacts the community

Article about the Movcentr Impact

Articles on how the department persevered and responded during the pandemic

Article on the people of UNO Biomechanics

Student Centered articles

and In the News.

An Examination Of Sport Participation Tracking And Adult Physical Activity For Participants Of The Michigan State University Motor Performance Study, Eric M. Martin, Larissa True, Karin A. Pfeiffer, Shannon R. Siegel, Crystal F. Branta, Dave Wisner, John Haubenstricker, Vern Seefeldt

Kinesiology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Research tracking sport participation from youth to adulthood is relatively rare, as is research that tracks youth sport participation with regard to adult physical activity (PA) levels, especially in the United States. Aims of this study were: 1) To investigate the degree to which sport participation tracked across youth, adolescence, and early adulthood in a sample of participants from the Michigan State University Motor Performance Study (MPS), and 2) Determine if differences existed in their levels of adult PA relative to prior sport participation. In total, 256 (60.8%) former participants from the MPS completed follow-up surveys regarding routine sport participation …