Kinesiology Commons^™

The Effect Of Exercise Intensity On Markers Of Cognition In Children, Meek Lee

Celebration of Scholarship 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of two different exercise intensities on various aspects of cognition. Methods: Four children (female=2, male=2, 8-14 years old) have participated in this study, which required three separate visits. The first visit consists of a VO2max test and four cognitive tasks. Visits 2 and 3 consist of a 15-min exercise bout followed by the four cognitive tasks. Visits 2 and 3 are identical except for the intensity of exercise (50% [moderate-intensity] or 75% [vigorous intensity] of VO2max). Results: Reaction time improved following vigorous intensity compared to moderate intensity in some participants, …

An Annual Training Plan For Collegiate Dance, Ashley R. German

Honors Thesis

The focus of this thesis is on developing an annual resistance training plan for collegiate dance with no test subjects. This project provides biomechanical, physiological, and injury analysis of collegiate dance. Based on the analysis, a research-based, linear resistance training program for the University of South Dakota Dance Team was created. The resistance training program follows basic strength and conditioning principles including specificity, overload, and periodization. Additionally, exercise selection, order, volume, and intensity were prescribed based on standards set forth by the National Strength and Conditioning Association. Generally, from off-season to in-season, exercises moved from general to specific, along with …

Muscle Performance Changes With Age In Active Women, Ryan M. Miller, Eduardo D. S. Freitas, Aaron D. Heishman, Keldon M. Peak, Samuel R. Buchanan, J. Mikhail Kellawan, Hugo M. Pereira, Debra A. Bemben, Michael G. Bemben

Health & Human Performance Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to examine age-related differences in muscle performance in women divided into young (YW, 20–39 years, n = 29) middle-aged (MAW, 40–59 years, n = 33), and older (OW, ≥60 years, n = 40) age groups. Methods: Hand grip strength, vertical jump performance, and knee extensor (KE) strength (0 deg/s, 60 deg/s, and 240 deg/s), speed of movement (SoM; at 1 Nm, 20%, 40%, and 60% isometric strength), and endurance (30-repetition test at 60 degs/s and 240 deg/s) were assessed. Computed tomography-acquired muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA) was measured and included to determine specific strength (KE …

Falls In Young Adults: The Effect Of Sex, Physical Activity, And Prescription Medications, Hyeyoung Cho, Michel J.H. Heijnen, Bruce A. Craig, Shriley Rietdyk

Purdue University Libraries Open Access Publishing Fund

Falls are a major public health issue not only for older adults but also young adults, with fall-related injuries occurring more frequently in adult females than males. However, the sex differences in the frequency and circumstances of falls in young adults are understudied. This research quantified the frequency and circumstances of falls as a function of sex, physical activity, and prescription medications in young adults. For 16 weeks, young adult participants (N = 325; 89 males; 19.9±1.1 years) responded to a daily email asking if they had slipped, tripped, or fallen in the past 24 hours. Falls and fall-related injuries …

Women’S Self-Efficacy Before And After Hiring A Personal Trainer At The Bowling Green State University Student Recreation Center, Audrey Schweers

Honors Projects

Exercise is important to maintaining a healthy weight and decreasing the risk of health-related diseases. Self-efficacy is a psychological concept that, when increased, can help a person to overcome a particular situation. In exercise, a person with high self-efficacy is able to better adhere to a program. It is a goal of The American Council on Exercise (ACE) to educate their personal trainers on ways to increase their clients' self-efficacy. This study was conducted to determine if women who have hired a personal trainer at the Bowling Green State University (BGSU) Student Recreation Center (SRC) in the past five years …

Correction To: The Hiv Epidemic In Colombia: Spatial And Temporal Trends Analysis (Bmc Public Health, (2021), 21, 1, (178), 10.1186/S12889-021-10196-Y), Jhon Freddy Montana, Glenda Roberta Oliveira Naiff Ferreira, Carlos Leonardo Figueiredo Cunha, Ana Angelica Rego De Queiroz, Wellington Augusto Andrade Fernandes, Sandra Helena Isse Polaro, Lucia Hisako Takase Goncalves, Danielle Costa Carrara Couto, Elucir Gir, Renata Karina Reis, William Sorensen, Elia Pinheiro Botelho

Health & Kinesiology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Colombia has the fourth highest incidence rate of HIV/AIDS among all Latin American countries and it has been increasing since the 1980s. However, the number of studies that addresses this trend is limited. Here, we employed spatial and temporal trend analyses to study the behaviour of the epidemic in the Colombian territory.

Raison D'Etre, Kenzi Payne

Undergraduate Research Conference

No abstract provided.

A Case Study Comparison Of Two Carbon Plated Running Shoes On Running Economy And Running Mechanics, Caleb Garcia

Undergraduate Research Conference

The advent of the carbon carbon-plated running shoe, in support of the first, historic sub 2-hour marathon, has resulted in an arms race across various running shoe companies in hopes of providing a similar competitive advantage to their athletes and customers. Research has shown these new new shoe technologies can significantly improve running economy. However, of the limited research, most is focused on just one brand and model of carbo carbon-plated shoe. If athletes are to compete on a level playing field, further investigation is needed to determine that these new shoe technologies confer a similar competitive advantage across multiple …

Efficacy Of A Yfv-Specific Monoclonal Antibody In The Treatment Of Yf In A Hamster Model, Ryne Christiansen

Student Research Symposium

The yellow fever virus (YFV) is a flavivirus found mainly in South America and Africa. Infection may result in fever, chills, jaundice, nausea, and vomiting. Outbreaks may have up to 50% case mortality. Although Yellow Fever (YF) is a highly preventable disease through the use of an effective vaccine, there are no approved antivirals for this disease. An effective antiviral is necessary to treat infected individuals in areas where the YF vaccine was not used and an outbreak of YF occurs. In this study, female Syrian golden hamsters were infected with YFV and treated with YFV-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Weight …

Evaluating The Intra-Rater And Inter-Rater Reliability Of Fixed Tension Scale Instrumentation For Determining Isometric Neck Strength, Alexander T. Mcdaniel, Lindsey Schroeder, Jessica Freedman, Yishi Wang, Michel J.H. Heijnen

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(3): 563-577, 2021. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of a fixed tension scale instrumentation, comparing the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability between seating and standing measurement techniques. Instrumentation developed from this study will be utilized to assess isometric neck strength in future studies comparing neck strengthening protocols. METHODS: Isometric neck strength for eight movements (cervical/capital flexion, cervical/capital extension, left/right lateral flexion, left/right cervical rotation) as well as anthropometric measurements were evaluated for thirty-one participants through the use of a novel neck strength assessment protocol. RESULTS: The fixed tension scale instrumentation …

The Effect Of Shin-Torso Alignment On Muscle Activity And Joint Angles Of The Lower Extremity In Collegiate Ice Hockey Players, Noah A. Pring, Stacy L. Solomon, Andy Obrien, Ryan T. Conners, Paul N. Whitehead

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(1): 552-562, 2021. Ice hockey is prevalent with injuries due to fatigue-related degradation of mechanics occurring throughout a season. The player’s skating position is vital because it can impact muscle activation patterns of the lower extremity. If too much stress is placed on a muscle, it could lead to muscle fatigue and increased likelihood of injury. The purpose of this study was to measure muscle activation patterns and joint angle changes of the lower extremity in ice hockey players during three different simulated skating positions. Electromyography sensors were placed on muscles of the quadriceps, hamstrings, …

Lower Limb Force Asymmetries During Landing And Jumping Exercises: A Pilot Study, Simon M. Cone, Sangwoo Lee

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(1): 544-551, 2021. Significant asymmetries can exist between the lower limbs’ force production during the take-off phase of bilateral jumping exercises. Some studies have indicated that similar asymmetries can also exist during the landing phase. It has not been demonstrated if the magnitude of lower body asymmetry was similar between the landing (L) and take-off (TO) phases of bilateral jumping movements. The main purpose of this study was to compare the asymmetry measured during the L and TO phases of bilateral jumping exercises to determine if there was a difference in asymmetry between the phases. …

Impact Of Fecal Microbiota Transfer (Fmt) On Phenotype Of Mice Fed A Standard Diet And A Western-Style Diet Using A Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer Model, Abbey Horrocks

Student Research Symposium

A variety of genetic and environmental factors can affect the composition of the human gut microbiota, including a poor diet. Western diets are typically associated with dysbiosis and other adverse health outcomes that are expressed phenotypically. The primary objective of this study is to determine the contribution of gut microbiota from mice donors who have previously consumed one of two basal diets: 1) the standard AIN93G diet, which is designed to promote rodent health; and 2) the total Western diet (TWD), which promotes inflammation-associated colorectal tumorigenesis. The donors’ microbiota were transferred to a cohort of mice who were fed either …

Physiological Responses To Active Video Games Compared To Treadmill Walking And Tv Watching In Obese Children And Adolescents, Ramzi Majaj, Trent Scott, Ryan Moran, Dana Kimberly, Tamekia Jones, Webb Smith

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(7): 519-532, 2021. The purpose of this study was to examine the physiological responses to playing different active video games (AVG), as well as document the activity level exerted during AVG in relation to treadmill walking (TM) and watching television (TV). 20 youth (age 11-17 yr) with obesity were recruited from the Healthy Lifestyle Clinic and underwent testing under six randomized conditions: 1) TM, 2) TV, 3) Fitnexx, 4) river rush (RRH), 5) reflex ridge (RFR), and 6) space pop (SP). RRH, RFR, and SP are active video games for the Xbox 360. Fitnexx is …

Biomechanical Differences Between The Bulgarian Split-Squat And Back Squat, Ethan R. Mackey, Bryan L. Riemann

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(1): 533-543, 2021. The Bulgarian split squat (BSS) is a unilateral lower extremity strength exercise; however, the mechanical demands have not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to compare ankle, knee, and hip joint net joint moment impulse (NJMI), work (NJW), peak net joint moment (NJM) and peak displacement between the BSS and traditional bilateral back squat (BS). Following a practice and 1-repetition maximum (1-RM) session, 2x3 BS (70% 1-RM) and BSS (35% 1-RM) were completed by twenty resistance trained males (24.20 ± 2.50 yrs, 1.76 ± 0.06m, 85.3 ± 13.90 kg). …

Validation Of Climate And Motivational Measures For Use In The Biology Laboratory Setting, Troy O. Wineinger, Mary D. Fry, E. Whitney G. Moore

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

The purpose of this study, grounded in the Achievement Goal Perspective Theory (AGPT) and a Caring framework, was to effectively adapt previously validated measures of caring, task-involving (CTI), and ego-involving (EI) climates for college exercise classes to the college biology laboratory setting. The items’ measurement quality was assessed over two studies. Students (N_Study1 = 249, female 73%; N_Study2 = 199, female 78%) enrolled in biology laboratory courses were invited to complete a survey during the last two weeks of their laboratory course. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) revealed overall good fit; however, two EI items had low loadings, …

Using Machine Learning To Quantify Transverse Plane Lumbopelvic Rhythm, Seth Higgins, Joshua Tome, Rumit Singh Kakar

College of Health Sciences Posters

Lumbopelvic rhythm illustrates the relative motion between the lumbar spine and pelvis during various activities and could be used as a biomarker for low back pain (LBP). Sagittal plane lumbopelvic rhythm has been extensively examined as a surrogate to measure low back pain risk factor, but trunk rotation, the second component of lifting is commonly missed. Since lumbopelvic rhythm are time series and not discrete variables, machine learning may be a viable solution in identifying clusters of patterns for healthy adults. PURPOSE: To categorize healthy lumbopelvic rhythm in the transverse plane using machine learning. METHODS: 80 adults with no history …

Evidence For The Use Of Dynamic Maximum Normalization Method Of Muscle Activation During Weight Back Squats, Eva Maddox, Hunter J. Bennett

College of Education & Professional Studies (Darden) Posters

The purpose of this study was to evaluate intra and inter-participant variability and reliability of muscle activations when analyzed using maximum voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC) and dynamic maximum (DMVC) normalization methods. Muscle activations were collected on twenty-seven participants (13 females, 14 males) performing one-repetition maximum (1RM) and submaximum (80%) back squats. Data from submaximum squats were normalized to MVICs and DMVCs. Data were compared using intra-class correlations over two testing days, variance ratio, and coefficients of variation. Mixed-model ANOVAs were used to elucidate the influence on intra- (method) and inter- (sex) subject variability. Reliability levels were good for rectus femoris …

Musculoskeletal Modeling Of The Pelvis And Lumbar Spine During Running, Ruth Higgins, Maryam Moeini, Hunter Bennett, Stacie Ringleb

College of Engineering & Technology (Batten) Posters

Musculoskeletal modeling provides an alternative to in-vivo characteristics that are difficult to directly measure for movements such as running, especially for trunk muscles and joints. The full-body-lumbar-spine (FBLS) model by Raabe and Chaudhari, 2016 is an OpenSim model created for simulations of jogging. The lifting full-body (LFB) model by Beaucage-Gauvreau et al., 2018 is an adaptation of the FBLS created for estimating spinal loads during lifting. PURPOSE: Determine validity of the FBLS and LFB models in simulating pelvis and lumbar spine kinematics during running. METHODS: Inverse Kinematics were executed using experimental data for the FBLS and LFB models. To …

The Influence Of Lumbopelvic Function On Perceived Ankle Function In Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability, Sunghoon Chung, A. M. B. Suttmiller, K. R. Johnson, R. S. Mccann

College of Health Sciences Posters

Perceived functional impairments measured via patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are associated with reduced postural control ability in CAI patients. Furthermore, hip and trunk neuromuscular impairments are critical factors that can cause decreased postural stability in those with CAI. Identifying the relevance between reduced lumbopelvic function and impaired sensory-perceptual outcomes might direct clinicians to novel methods for CAI patients to improve postural control ability and perceived ankle function. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the relationship between tests of lumbopelvic function and PROs in individuals with CAI. Thirty-three individuals with CAI underwent assessment of transversus abdominis and lumbar multifidus …

The Effect Of Concussion History On Lower Extremity Injury Risk In High School And Collegiate Athletes: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Vanessa Ramirez, Ryan Mccann, Eric Schussler, Jessica Martinez

College of Health Sciences Posters

Sport-related concussions are a prevalent injury that result in sensorimotor dysfunction and altered neuromuscular control. Individuals recovering from a concussion display decreased postural sway during balance assessment and may possess prolonged balance deficits after return-to-play (RTP). Athletes who are experiencing impairments following RTP after a concussion may be at increased risk of lower extremity (LE) injury. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies examining risk of LE musculoskeletal injury following a concussion in high school and collegiate athletes. An electronic database search of PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and SPORTDiscus was conducted on November …

Self-Selected Maximum But Not Jogging Speed Decreases With Age In Male And Female Runners, Heather Hamilton, Rumit Singh Kakar

College of Health Sciences Posters

Introduction: Running velocity decreases with age, likely resulting from physiological and musculoskeletal changes associated with aging. Females experience a more rapid decline in physical performance during middle age than males, therefore it is important to consider separate-sex analyses when studying running biomechanics and running-related injury. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between age and different running speeds separately for female and male runners.

Methods: Male (n=33) and female (n=46) runners (ages 18–65 years) ran at their self-selected JOG (long distance) and MAX (maximal running) pace on a treadmill. Running velocity was recorded. Simple linear regression was …

Trunk Kinematics Using Musculoskeletal Modeling During Range Of Motion Tasks, Maryam Moeini, Ruth M. Higgins, Hunter Bennett, Stacie Ringleb

College of Health Sciences Posters

A spine model can be used to predict post-spinal fusion motion needed to perform physical activities in individuals with scoliosis. Full body lumbar spine (FBLS) model (Raabi et al., 2016) allows for modeling lumbar spine and pelvis movement and was validated for jogging. However, like other existing adult spine models, FBLS model does not allow for a motion providing thoracic and spine. Purpose: To adapt the FBLS model for simulating thoracic, lumbar and pelvis motion during trunk rotation in all 3 planes of motion. Methods: Since T12-L1 in FBLS model is designed as a dependent joint (axial rotation analogous to …

Social Engagement Of Nursing Home Residents: A Comparison Of Two Observation Methods, Annika Gabbard

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

In Kentucky, low levels of physical activity and social engagement negatively impact health. This problem led to the creation of Bingocize®, an exercise program that combines the game of Bingo with intermittent exercises in a group setting to increase levels of positive affect, physical health, and, the focus of this study, social engagement. Since clear benefits of social engagement have been established, measurement and documentation of this behavior can assist in determining the level of potential benefit from Bingocize®. The purpose of this study was to compare the opinions of healthcare workers who have experience with Bingocize® on two measures …

The Influence Of Prenatal Yoga On Mental Health In Pregnancy During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Cathryn Duchette

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The COVID-19 pandemic poses risks to the mental health of expecting mothers as studies have demonstrated increased levels of stress and anxiety for new and expectant mothers during the pandemic. Prenatal yoga has been shown to be effective for improving mental health during pregnancy, but no research has been done to determine its effect on mental health during a pandemic. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of a 10-week prenatal yoga intervention on the mental health of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Baseline levels of anxiety and depression were high, with an average depression score …

Serve-Specific Core Self-Evaluations: A Predictive Validation Study, Brandi Renee Forgione

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Core Self-Evaluations (CSE) is a broad personality trait used by industrial organizational psychologists to predict important organizational outcomes such as job performance and employee satisfaction. CSE comprises four elements: generalized self-efficacy, self-esteem, locus of control, and neuroticism. Task-specific versions of CSE have been proposed to better predict task-specific performance than general CSE. Accordingly, Serve-Specific Core Self- Evaluations (SS-CSE) was adapted specifically to predict serve performance of intercollegiate volleyball players. In this study, I explored the predictive validity of SS-CSE for serve performance by expanding a previous study that used a concurrent validation approach. Results indicated that SS-CSE scores collected pre-season …

High Hopes: Physical Education For At-Risk Preschoolers In Northeast Colorado, Jessica Honeycutt Firme

Spring Showcase for Research and Creative Inquiry

The first few years of life have the most developmental impact on a child, therefore instilling the importance of physical activity best promotes healthy lifestyle behaviors especially those that may be at-risk for delays in the future. Studies have also shown that cognitive development in regards to memory, attention and self-regulation are also improved through participating in physical activity, especially in early childhood development. Previous research supports the importance of physical activity during early childhood although the majority of early childhood education systems are far from meeting the recommended daily amounts of physical activity. Research found that children in early …

Identification Of Chronic Postural Stability Impairments Associated With History Of Concussion, Nicholas Reilly

Rehabilitation Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Concussion is the most common form of traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, there is a disproportionate level of understanding between the acute and chronic impairments associated with traumatic brain injury. Specifically, problems maintaining balance during standing and walking are cardinal signs of acute concussion, but the temporal extent to which postural control deficits remain following the initial injury are not well defined or understood. The purpose of the projects composing this dissertation was to examine the long-term effects of a prior history of concussion on static (i.e. standing) and dynamic (i.e. gait) postural control. To address this, healthy adults aged …

Predictions Of Knee Joint Contact Forces Using Only Kinematic Inputs With A Recurrent Neural Network, Kaileigh Elisabeth Estler

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

BACKGROUND: Knee joint contact (bone on bone) forces are commonly estimated using surrogate measures such as external knee adduction moments (with limited success) or musculoskeletal modeling (more successful). Despite its capabilities, modeling is not optimal for clinicians or persons with limited experience and knowledge. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to design a novel prediction method for knee joint contact forces that is equal or more accurate than modeling, yet simplistic in terms of required inputs. METHODS: This study included all six subjects’ (71.3±6.5kg, 1.7±0.1m) data from the opensource “Grand Challenge” datasets (simtk.org) and two subjects from the "CAMS" …

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs On Core Body Temperature During Exercise: A Systematic Review, Dawn M. Emerson, Stephen Cl Chen, Melani R. Kelly, Bryant Parnell, Toni M. Torres-Mcgehee

Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Because of their anti-pyretic effects, some individuals prophylactically use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to blunt core temperature (Tc) increases during exercise, thus, potentially improving performance by preventing hyperthermia and/or exertional heat illness. However, NSAIDs induce gastrointestinal damage, alter renal function, and decrease cardiovascular function, which could compromise thermoregulation and increase Tc. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effects of NSAIDs on Tc in exercising, adult humans. METHODS: We conducted searches in MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Reviews, and Google Scholar for literature published up to November 2020. We conducted a quality assessment review using the Physiotherapy Evidence …