Kinesiology Commons^™

Early Changes In Memory, Motor Coordination And Strength In The Transgenic Rat Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Tgf344-Ad, Mark Andrew Winslow

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and an estimated 5.7 million American’s are currently suffering from this disease resulting in $277 billion in health care costs as of 2018. As the number of cases and cost are expected to double by 2050, new approaches are needed to properly identify at-risk individuals prior to irreversible changes to the brain caused by this disease. Purpose: Through the use of a novel rodent model, this study assessed early changes in muscular coordination and strength relative to cognitive decline due to AD, as well as providing insight into the …

Validity Of The Polar M430 Among Females Of Varying Fitness Levels, Body Fat Percentage, And Reported Physical Activity, Kevin Earl Miller

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: The Polar M430 is a heart rate monitor that uses a non-exercise prediction method to predict one’s V̇O_2max. Research has revealed that this method will overestimate predicted V̇O_2max among females. Studies have investigated the validity of this method, however, these studies have not taken into account how physical activity (PA) levels, body fat percentage, or measured V̇O_2max could affect the prediction value. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity of the Polar M430 in predicting V̇O_2max amongst females of varying PA levels, body fat percentages, and fitness levels. Methods: Forty-eight …

Differences In Falls And Recovery From A Slip Based On An Individual's Lower Extremity Corrective Response, Samuel J. Wilson, Paul T. Donahue, Charles C. Williams, Christopher M. Hill, Jeffrey D. Simpson, Dwight E. Waddell, Jeremy P. Loenneke, Harish Chander, Chip Wade, John C. Garner

Faculty Publications

Background: Slips and falls account for high rates of injury and mortality in multiple populations. The corrective responses during the slip perturbation have been well documented. However, when a fall results from a slip, it is unclear which of these responses were inadequate.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine differences in lower extremity corrective responses of the slip recovery response between individuals who fall and those who recover.

Methodology: Sixty-four participants completed this study (32 males & 32 females). Participant’s gait kinematics and kinetics were collected during normal gait (NG) and an unexpected slip …

Exploring Rural And Urban Go Nap Sacc Trained Child Care Providers Perceptions And Needs Regarding The Promotion Of Physical Activity And Healthy Eating, Kailey Snyder, Zainab Rida, Emily Hulse, Dipti Dev, Danae Dinkel

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Introduction: Early childhood is an optimal time to support the development of physical activity and healthy eating behaviors. As over half of children are cared for in family child care homes and child care centers it is crucial to ensure these behaviors are being supported in the childcare setting. One such process that supports provider’s education and implementation of healthy behaviors in the childcare setting is the Nutrition and Physical Activity Assessment in Child Care (Go NAP SACC). However, after participation in Go NAP SACC, little is known regarding how to further support providers in their promotion of healthy behaviors. …

Pre-Diagnosis Physical Activity Habits Are Associated With Age Of Diagnosis In Parkinson's Disease, Merrill R. Landers, Kyle N. Johnson, Samantha Johnson, Tyler Ormsby, Danielle C. Salgo, Jessica B. Zorn, James Lyle, Andrew S. Murtishaw, Arnold M. Salazar, Jefferson W. Kinney

Physical Therapy Faculty Research

Introduction: Studies suggest that exercise may be neuroprotective when implemented before the clinical presentation of Parkinson's disease (PD). Levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), theorized to play a role in neuroprotection, are affected by its genotype and exercise. Here we explore this previously unstudied interaction on age at diagnosis and severity of symptoms. Methods: 76 participants with PD submitted buccal cells to determine BDNF genotype, completed the modified Lifetime Physical Activity Questionnaire to determine exercise habits, and were assessed using the Movement Disorder Society – Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale III (MDS-UPDRS-III) and the Mini-Balance Evaluations Test (MBT). For aim …

Comparison Of A 2d Ipad Application And 3d Body Scanner To Air Displacement Plethysmography For Measurement Of Body Fat Percentage, D. R. Wagner, F. Castañeda, B. Bohman, W. Sterr

Kinesiology and Health Science Faculty Publications

Background Novel and innovative imaging methods that rapidly estimate body fat percentage (%BF) are publicly available, yet little is known about their accuracy. The present study evaluated the test–retest reliability of a two-dimensional iPad (Apple, Inc., Cupertino, CA, USA) application (2D APP) and a three-dimensional body scanner (3D SCAN) for estimating %BF and compared both imaging methods with air displacement plethysmography (Bod Pod; Cosmed USA, Inc., Concord, CA, USA).

Methods Seventy-nine adults (37 female, 42 male) varying widely in age [mean (SD), range] [32.9 (12.4), 18–65 years] and body mass index [25.0 (4.9), 18.2–41.8 kg m^–2] were measured …

Eight Weeks Of A High Dose Of Curcumin Supplementation May Attenuate Performance Decrements Following Muscle-Damaging Exercise, Ralf Jäger, Martin Purpura, Chad M. Kerksick

Faculty Scholarship

Background: It is known that unaccustomed exercise—especially when it has an eccentric component—causes muscle damage and subsequent performance decrements. Attenuating muscle damage may improve performance and recovery, allowing for improved training quality and adaptations. Therefore, the current study sought to examine the effect of two doses of curcumin supplementation on performance decrements following downhill running. Methods: Sixty-three physically active men and women (21 ± 2 y; 70.0 ± 13.7 kg; 169.3 ± 15.2 cm; 25.6 ± 14.3 body mass index (BMI), 32 women, 31 men) were randomly assigned to ingest 250 mg of CurcuWIN® (50 mg of curcuminoids), 1000 mg …

Effectiveness Of Studying When Coupled With Exercise-Induced Arousal, Hannah A. Zabriskie, Edward M. Heath

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 12(5): 979-988, 2019. The basis of learning is knowledge of discrete information such as terms and definitions that can be developed through memorization. A strong knowledge base is something students strive to develop through self-directed study. Little research has investigated the role of simultaneous exercise and memorization on recall ability with a delay in recall of at least 24 hrs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of an exercise bout on memory by requiring participants to recall words 24 hrs after exposure to three different interventions: memorization while cycling, memorization after …

Locomotor Patterns Change Over Time During Walking On An Uneven Surface, Jenny A. Kent, Joel H. Sommerfeld, Mukul Mukherjee, Kota Z. Takahashi, Nicholas Stergiou

Journal Articles

During walking, uneven surfaces impose new demands for controlling balance and forward progression at each step. It is unknown to what extent walking may be refined given an amount of stride-to-stride unpredictability at the distal level. Here, we explored the effects of an uneven terrain surface on whole-body locomotor dynamics immediately following exposure and after a familiarization period. Eleven young, unimpaired adults walked for 12 min on flat and uneven terrain treadmills. The whole-body center of mass excursion range (COM_exc) and peak velocity (COM_vel), step length and width were estimated. On first exposure to uneven terrain, …

Maternal Diet During Lactation And Breast-Feeding Practices Have Synergistic Association With Child Diet At 6 Years, Jacob P. Beckerman, Emily Slade, Alison K. Ventura

Kinesiology and Public Health

Objective: Children breast-fed during infancy consume more fruits and vegetables than formula-fed children. This pattern is likely due, in part, to infant learning from flavours of the mother’s diet transmitted through breast milk, but more research is needed to understand associations between early flavour exposures and later dietary patterns. We examined whether breast-feeding and maternal fruit and vegetable consumption during nursing were synergistically associated with higher child fruit and vegetable consumption.

Design: Prospective cohort study of breast-feeding duration, maternal diet postpartum and child diet. Complete breast-feeding and maternal diet data were available for 1396 mother–child dyads; multiple imputation was used …

Sensitive And Reliable Measures Of Driver Performance In Simulated Motor-Racing, Christopher Irwin, Jamie Mollica, Ben Desbrow

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 12(6): 971-978, 2019. Motor racing is a physically and mentally demanding sport, associated with a high degree of risk for drivers. Hence, driving simulation provides a safe alternative to explore the impact acute physiological perturbations (e.g. heat stress or dehydration) on a driver’s performance. This study aimed to determine sensitive and reliable simulated driving performance parameters that could be employed in future driving performance studies. Thirty-six healthy males (age: 26.5 ± 8.1 y, body mass: 75.6 ± 12.2 kg, mean ± SD) completed a single experimental trial involving four simulated motor-racing drives (2 initial drives …

No Impact Of Heat Stress And Dehydration On Short Duration Simulated Motor-Racing Performance, Jamie Mollica, Ben Desbrow, Christopher Irwin

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 12(6): 960-970, 2019. Motor-racing drivers are often exposed to hot environments and may be susceptible to fluid loss and hydration issues, which could influence driving performance. This study assessed the effect of dehydration and heat stress on performance during a short, simulated motor-racing task. Nine healthy males (age: 26.6 ± 7.5 y, body mass: 78.8 ± 12.5 kg, mean ± SD) completed two passive dehydration (sauna) procedures (targeting -1% and -3% body mass loss (BML)) on separate occasions. Driving performance was assessed pre-dehydration (Baseline), immediately post-dehydration (Hot) and following a cooling period (Cool). Measures of …

Time-Restricted Feeding Plus Resistance Training In Active Females: A Randomized Trial, Grant M. Tinsley, M. Lane Moore, Austin J. Graybeal, Trisha A. Vandusseldorp

Faculty Articles

Background A very limited amount of research has examined intermittent fasting (IF) programs, such as time-restricted feeding (TRF), in active populations. Objective Our objective was to examine the effects of TRF, with or without β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation, during resistance training (RT). Methods This study employed a randomized, placebo-controlled, reduced factorial design and was double-blind with respect to supplementation in TRF groups. Resistance-trained females were randomly assigned to a control diet (CD), TRF, or TRF plus 3 g/d HMB (TRFHMB). TRF groups consumed all calories between 1200 h and 2000 h, whereas the CD group ate regularly from breakfast until …

An Examination Of The Present And Predictions For The Future Of Intercollegiate Athletics, James T. Morton, Donna L. Pastore

Kinesiology and Health Science Faculty Publications

This study forecasts future issues in NCAA Division I FBS intercollegiate athletics. The research design employed the Delphi technique to survey an expert panel, consisting of 12 athletic directors and associate athletic directors from FBS institutions, over three rounds to ascertain what issues are likely to occur over the next five to seven years and whether or not these issues will have a significant impact on the way intercollegiate athletics operates. Results of the study revealed eight issues that were likely to occur over the next five to seven years. Four of these issues related to the economic sector of …

Clinging In Plethodontid Salamanders, Mary Kathleen O'Donnell

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The ability to cling to and climb on inclined, vertical, and inverted surfaces gives animals access to additional shelter and food and may provide refuge from unsuitable temperature and moisture conditions or escape from ground-dwelling predators. Salamanders have been shown to cling to surfaces and engage in climbing behavior, but their maximum clinging capability and mechanisms of attachment are not well understood. While some arboreal salamanders possess prehensile tails, salamanders lack many morphological adaptations for attachment, such as claws, toe pads, and fibrillar adhesive pads. Maximum cling performance and surface area of attachment were measured, and the adhesive capability of …

Examining The Evolution Of Urban Multipurpose Facilities: Applying The Ideal-Type To The Facilities Of The National Hockey League And National Basketball Association, Benjamin Downs

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The standardized versions of ice hockey and basketball emerged during the last quarter of the 19^thcentury. In short order both ice hockey and basketball evolved from amateur, recreational activities to professional sport and entertainment businesses. This study analyzes, contextualizes, and discusses the layout of the urban multipurpose facilities that emerged to house both professional hockey and professional basketball, with particular attention paid to the facilities of the National Hockey League and National Basketball Association. The study uses the lens of modernization and the ideal-type heuristic device to extend Bale’s and Seifried’s facility evolution models. In addition to providing …

Relative Age Effects In Elite Olympic Weightlifters, Jonathan M. Kollars, Kyle S. Beyer, Christopher B. Taber

Exercise Science Faculty Publications

PURPOSE: To determine if RAEs exist in elite Olympic weightlifters from the past five Olympic Games. METHODS: Using retrospective competition data from the International Weightlifting Federation database a total of 953 Olympic Weightlifters (595 males and 358 females) who competed in the Olympic Games between 2000 and 2016 were included in this study. Weightlifters who competed in multiple Olympic Games were only counted once and duplicates were removed from this investigation. The weightlifters were divided into subset weight classes; men lightweight (56kg, 62kg, and 69kg), men middleweight (77kg, 85kg, and 94kg), men heavyweight (105kg and 105kg+), women lightweight (48kg, 53kg, …

Skeletal Muscle Fiber Adaptations Following Resistance Training Using Repetition Maximums Or Relative Intensity, Kevin M. Carroll, Caleb D. Bazyler, Jake R. Bernards, Christopher Taber, Charles A. Stuart, Brad H. Deweese, Kimitake Sato, Michael H. Stone

Exercise Science Faculty Publications

The purpose of the study was to compare the physiological responses of skeletal muscle to a resistance training (RT) program using repetition maximum (RM) or relative intensity (RISR). Fifteen well-trained males underwent RT 3 d·wk−1 for 10 weeks in either an RM group (n = 8) or RISR group (n = 7). The RM group achieved a relative maximum each day, while the RISR group trained based on percentages. The RM group exercised until muscular failure on each exercise, while the RISR group did not reach muscular failure throughout the intervention. Percutaneous needle biopsies of the vastus lateralis were obtained …

College Choice Factors And Organizational Effectiveness In Intercollegiate Athletics, James T. Morton

Kinesiology and Health Science Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to find out if winning could be predicted by spending on facilities and coaches’ salaries by NCAA Division I intercollegiate athletic departments. Using the goals attainment model (Price, 1972) approach, winning, as measured by the National Association of Collegiate Directors of Athletics (NACDA) Cup Points, was used as the measure of organizational effectiveness for intercollegiate athletic departments. The results of a hierarchical multiple linear regression suggest that a significant proportion of the total variation in Directors’ Cup points was predicted by the combination of total annual debt service, total outstanding debt, average men’s head …

Leveraging For-Cause Physical Activity Events For Physical Activity Promotion: An Investigation Using Self-Determination Theory, John A. Bernhart

Theses and Dissertations

Motivating individuals to live active lifestyles remains a challenging but important public health issue. For-cause physical activity events reach large groups of people, many of whom are not regularly active. However, little research has applied established health behavior theories to explain participation in for-cause events. Therefore, the purpose of this dissertation was to investigate participation in for-cause events through the lens of Self-Determination Theory (SDT).

The first study recruited participants (n=207) registered in a for-cause PA event (i.e., 5K distance or shorter) to complete online surveys that assessed need satisfaction for autonomy, competence, and relatedness; intrinsic motivation; altruism; PA behavior; …

Eight Weeks Of A High Dose Of Curcumin Supplementation May Attenuate Performance Decrements Following Muscle-Damaging Exercise, Ralf Jäger, Martin Purpura, Chad Kerksick

Faculty Scholarship

Background: It is known that unaccustomed exercise—especially when it has an eccentric component—causes muscle damage and subsequent performance decrements. Attenuating muscle damage may improve performance and recovery, allowing for improved training quality and adaptations. Therefore, the current study sought to examine the effect of two doses of curcumin supplementation on performance decrements following downhill running. Methods: Sixty-three physically active men and women (21 ± 2 y; 70.0 ± 13.7 kg; 169.3 ± 15.2 cm; 25.6 ± 14.3 body mass index (BMI), 32 women, 31 men) were randomly assigned to ingest 250 mg of CurcuWIN® (50 mg of curcuminoids), 1000 mg …

The Relationship Between Vascular Endothelial Function Andpeak Exercise Blood Flow, Brady Edward Hanson

Theses and Dissertations

Purpose The vascular endothelium is an influential contributor to vasodilation at rest, yet its role during peak exercise is relatively unknown. The purpose of this study is to determine if exercise leg blood flow during dynamic submaximal and maximal exercise is related to resting vascular endothelial function. Methods Nineteen subjects (aged 23 ± 0.57 yr) completed multiple assessments of vascular endothelial function including passive leg movement (PLM), rapid onset vasodilation, (ROV) and flow-mediated dilation (FMD). Peak muscle blood flow was assessed during single leg knee extension (KE) exercise. Doppler ultrasound of the femoral artery was utilized to assess muscle blood …

The Role Of Ampk In The Regulation Of Skeletal Muscle Proteostasis During Cancer Cachexia, Dennis K. Fix

Theses and Dissertations

Cancer-induced cachexia is a debilitating disease that diminishes quality of life due to severe loss of skeletal muscle mass and function. Skeletal muscle proteostasis fluctuates diurnally depending on different fasting and feeding durations as well as in response to activity and exercise stimuli. Nutrient availability is key in the net loss and gain of skeletal muscle protein. The adenosine monophosphate protein kinase (AMPK) is a nutrient sensitive kinase that has long been established as a critical regulator of both protein synthesis and protein degradation. AMPK is capable of being activated by many different stimuli as well as diseases such as …

Using A Mobile Application To Assess Knee Valgus In Healthy And Post-Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Participants, Kai-Yu Ho, Brenda Benson Deaver, Tyrel Nelson, Catherine Turner

Physical Therapy Faculty Research

Context: Popularity of using handheld devices in clinical settings has increased, especially the use of motion analysis applications (MAAs). Video-based measurement tools have been found reliable in measuring knee valgus in subjects without anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. However, there is a need for validation of using a MAA to measure knee valgus in an injured population, given that they may exhibit higher degrees of knee valgus. Objective: To examine the reliability and validity of using a MAA to measure knee valgus during functional activities used to assess return to sport after ACL reconstruction (ACLR). Design: Reliability and validity study. …

Effects Of Spinal Manipulation On Brain Activation In Individuals With Chronic Low Back Pain, Max K. Jordon

Theses and Dissertations

Chronic low back pain (cLBP) continues to be one of the most common health conditions in the United States. Despite an enormous amount of research, there are no treatments for this condition that consistently improve outcomes. For decades health professionals have incorporated spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) into their practice, but the evidence to date has shown that SMT has only small to modest effect sizes when treating cLBP. One way to improve the effectiveness of SMT is by getting a better understanding of its underlying mechanisms so that the intervention be more specifically targeted to the appropriate individual.

While biomechanical …

Physical Activity Of Preschoolers With Developmental Disabilities And Delays, Michaela A. Schenkelberg

Theses and Dissertations

Children with developmental disabilities and delays are at greater risk for developing overweight and obesity compared to typically developing peers. Participation in regular physical activity is a modifiable behavior that is consistently associated with improved weight status and other positive health outcomes. Previous studies have identified numerous individual- and environmental-level factors that associate with physical activity among school-age children with and without disabilities. However, little is known about physical activity behaviors and related correlates among preschool-aged children with disabilities (ages 3 – 5 years), especially while they are in preschool settings. Therefore, the overall purpose of this dissertation was to …

Cluster Set Loading In The Back Squat: Kinetic And Kinematic Implications, Alexander Wetmore, John P. Wagle, Matt L. Sams, Christopher Taber, Brad H. Deweese, Kimitake Sato, Michael H. Stone

Exercise Science Faculty Publications

Cluster set loading in the back squat: Kinetic and kinematic implications. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2018—As athletes become well trained, they require greater stimuli and variation to force adaptation. One means of adding additional variation is the use of cluster loading. Cluster loading involves introducing interrepetition rest during a set, which in theory may allow athletes to train at higher absolute intensities for the same volume. The purpose of this study was to investigate the kinetic and kinematic implications of cluster loading as a resistance training programming tactic compared with traditional loading (TL). Eleven resistance-trained men (age = …

Effects Of High-Carbohydrate Versus Mixed-Macronutrient Meals On Soccer Physiology And Performance, Jaison Lee Wynne

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of the study was to measure the effects of an acute pre-competition high-carbohydrate (HCHO) meal versus a mixed-macronutrient (MM) meal on physiology, perceptual responses, and performance in 15 division I female collegiate soccer players. Being there are conjectural advantages to pre-exercise meals higher in fiber, fat, and protein, this study was conducted to evaluate the physiological and perceptual effects of pre-competition MM meals. This study used a randomized, investigator-blinded, crossover design involving two dietary interventions – HCHO and MM meals – that were consumed four hours prior to two separate intra-squad soccer scrimmages. Assessments included running metrics via …

Neuromuscular Factors Contributing To Reductions In Muscle Force After Repeated, High-Intensity Muscular Efforts, Benjamin J.C. Kirk, Gabriel S. Trajano, Timothy S. Pulverenti, Grant Rowe, Anthony J. Blazevich

Publications and Research

Multiple neuromuscular processes contribute to the loss of force production following repeated, high-intensity muscular efforts; however, the relative contribution of each process is unclear. In Experiment 1, 16 resistance trained men performed six sets of unilateral isometric plantar flexor contractions of the right leg (3 s contraction/2 s rest; 85% maximal voluntary contraction torque; 90-s inter-set rest) until failure with and without caffeine ingestion (3 mg kg-1) on two separate days. Corticospinal excitability and cortical silent period (cSP) were assessed before and immediately, 10 and 20 min after the exercise. In Experiment 2, electrically evoked tetanic force and persistent inward …

The Effect Of Deep Tissue Heating On Skeletal Muscle Pgc1 A Protein Expression During Muscle Atrophy, Kaitlin Abbott, Dr. Allen Percell

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Through this project, we aimed to determine if repeated heat stress is a viable treatment to reduce or slow muscle atrophy in human muscle subjected to disuse. Specifically, I investigated how repeated heat stress affects the expression of PGC1-a, a gene that is an upstream regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. This protein promotes muscle growth and normally is triggered by environmental factors including the metabolic needs (energy, temperature, stress, etc.) of the muscle. If it could be increased in the muscle, it could potentially lead to the preservation of muscle strength and function in a variety of disease states. These include …