Kinesiology Commons^™

Obesity-Related Hormones And Metabolic Risk Factors: A Randomized Trial Of Diet Plus Either Strength Or Aerobic Training Versus Diet Alone In Overweight Participants, Allan Geliebter, Christopher N. Ochner, Carl L. Dambkowski, Sami A. Hashim

Lander College of Arts and Sciences Publications and Research

There is debate about the additive effects of exercise in conjunction with diet to treat obesity, and not much is known about the differential effects of strength versus aerobic training. This randomized controlled trial examined the effects of diet plus strength training, diet plus aerobic training, or diet only on metabolic risk factors associated with obesity. Eighty-one overweight and obese participants completed the 8-week intervention. All participants received an energy-restrictive formula diet with an energy content based on 70% of measured resting metabolic rate (RMR). Participants assigned to an exercise group trained 3 days/week under supervision. Anthropometrics and fasting hormones …

Acute Effect Of Caffeine Intake On Hemodynamics After Resistance Exercise In Young Non-Hypertensive Subjects, Diego Souza, Juliano Cosanatto, Roberto Poton, Jeffrey Willardson, Marcos Polito

Faculty Research and Creative Activity

This study aimed to examine the effect of caffeine on hemodynamics after a resistance exercise session. Fifteen subjects completed two randomly ordered experimental resistance exercise sessions 45 min after the ingestion of either caffeine (4 mg.kg-1) or placebo. Systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP) and mean (MAP) blood pressures were measured before consuming caffeine; SBP, DBP, MAP, heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance (PVR) were measured immediately before and after each of the sessions; SBP, DBP and MAP were measured for 9 hours after sessions. Caffeine increased (p < 0.05) pre-exercise DBP and MAP. In caffeine and placebo conditions significant decreases (p < 0.05) were noted in SBP, MAP, and PVR between the pre- and post-exercise time points. Notwithstanding, the mean values for SBP, DBP and MAP during the 9 h of post-exercise monitoring were increased (p < 0.05) for the caffeine. In conclusion, the cardiovascular effects of caffeine are different over the post-exercise period after resistance exercise in normotensive young adults.

A Community-Based Exercise Intervention Transitions Metabolically Abnormal Obese Adults To A Metabolically Healthy Obese Phenotype, Lance C. Dalleck, Gary Van Guilder, Tara B. Richardson, Donald L. Bredle, Jeffery M. Janot

Health and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

Background: Lower habitual physical activity and poor cardiorespiratory fitness are common features of the metabolically abnormal obese (MAO) phenotype that contribute to increased cardiovascular disease risk. The aims of the present study were to determine 1) whether community-based exercise training transitions MAO adults to metabolically healthy, and 2) whether the odds of transition to metabolically healthy were larger for obese individuals who performed higher volumes of exercise and/or experienced greater increases in fitness. Methods and results: Metabolic syndrome components were measured in 332 adults (190 women, 142 men) before and after a supervised 14-week community-based exercise program designed to reduce …

Relationships Between The Built Environment And Walking And Weight Status Among Older Women In Three U.S. States, Philip J. Troped, Heather A. Starnes, Robin C. Puett, Kosuke Tamura, Ellen K. Cromley, Peter James, Eran Ben-Joseph, Steven J. Melly, Francine Laden

Kinesiology and Public Health

There are few studies of built environment associations with physical activity and weight status among older women in large geographic areas that use individual residential buffers to define environmental exposures. Among 23,434 women (70.0±6.9 years; range = 57-85) in 3 states, relationships between objective built environment variables and meeting physical activity recommendations via walking and weight status were examined. Differences in associations by population density and state were explored in stratified models. Population density (odds ratio (OR)=1.04 [1.02,1.07]), intersection density (ORs=1.18-1.28), and facility density (ORs=1.01-1.53) were positively associated with walking. Density of physical activity facilities was inversely associated with overweight/obesity …

Prevalence And Incidence Rates Are Not The Same: Letter To The Editor, Yuri Feito

Faculty Articles

I recently became aware of an article by Weisenthal et al,² “Injury Rate and Patterns Among CrossFit Athletes,” published in the April 2014 issue of your journal. Considering this is a topic of interest to me, I read the article with great expectations and detail. I commend the authors for their fantastic job, both in their methodology as well as in their interpretation of their findings. They truly did a great job explaining their definition of what constituted an injury, which has been lacking in several studies, as well as providing great recommendations for the “safe” participation in this …

Comparison Of Kinematics And Accuracy Of Overhand American Football Throwing, Randall L. Jensen

Conference Papers in Published Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Evaluating Sport Development Outcomes: The Case Of A Medium Sized International Sport Event, Marijke Taks, Christine Green, Laura Misener, Laurence Chalip

Kinesiology Publications

Research question: This study evaluates sport development outcomes of a medium-sized, one-off, international sport event, while also exploring any strategies and tactics that were implemented with the intention to increase participation or other sport development outcomes. The event under investigation is the 2005 Pan American Junior Athletics Championships.

Research method: Retrospective perceptions of sport development outcomes were explored using event documents, 21 semistructured interviews with key stakeholders, and media coverage of the event.

Results and Findings: The coaching clinic and the new facility were the only two intended tactics expected to intentionally trigger increases in sport participation and development. The …

Longitudinal Effects Of Parental, Child And Neighborhood Factors On Moderate-Vigorous Physical Activity And Sedentary Time In Latino Children, Nancy F. Butte, Steven E. Gregorich, Jeanne M. Tschann, Carlos Penilla, Lauri A. Pasch, Cynthia L. De Groat, Elena Flores, Julianna Deardorff, Louise C. Greenspan, Suzanna M. Martinez

School of Education Faculty Research

Background: Moderate-vigorous physical activity (%MVPA) confers beneficial effects on child musculoskeletal health, cardiovascular fitness, and psychosocial well-being; in contrast, sedentary time (%SED) is emerging as a risk factor for health. This study aimed to identify parental, child and neighborhood factors influencing longitudinal assessments of body mass index (BMI) and activity patterns among Latino children, and to estimate lagged and cross-lagged effects between child BMI, %MVPA and %SED.

Methods: A longitudinal design with assessments at baseline, 1 and 2 years follow-up (FU) was used to evaluate the effects of maternal and paternal factors (BMI, age, education level, acculturation, household income and …

Short And Long-Term Lifestyle Coaching Approaches Used To Address Diverse Participant Barriers To Weight Loss And Physical Activity Adherence, Elizabeth M. Venditti, Judith Wylie-Rosett, Linda M. Delahanty, Lisa L. Mele, Mary A. Hoskin, Sharon Edelstein

GW Biostatistics Center

Background

Individual barriers to weight loss and physical activity goals in the Diabetes Prevention Program, a randomized trial with 3.2 years average treatment duration, have not been previously reported. Evaluating barriers and the lifestyle coaching approaches used to improve adherence in a large, diverse participant cohort can inform dissemination efforts.

Methods

Lifestyle coaches documented barriers and approaches after each session (mean session attendance = 50.3 +/- 21.8). Subjects were 1076 intensive lifestyle participants (mean age = 50.6 years; mean BMI = 33.9 kg/m2; 68% female, 48% non-Caucasian). Barriers and approaches used to improve adherence were ranked by the percentage of …

Development And Psychometric Evaluation Of A Post Exercise Exhaustion Scale Utilising The Rasch Measurement Model, Mark D. Hecimovich, Jeremiah J. Peiffer, Allen G. Harbaugh

Faculty Publications

Objectives: The objective of this study to report on the development and psychometric analysis of a scale to measure post exercise exhaustion.

Design: This study utilised the Rasch measurement model for the psychometric analysis of a new scale aimed at measuring acute onset exhaustion in athletes.

Method: An extensive literature review, feedback from athletes and an expert panel from educators in psychology, sports science and exercise physiology provided feedback on the scale, providing evidence of content validity. A final survey, consisting of the 25 items and completed by three hundred and seventynine athletes (Sport: 187 tri-athletes and 192 cyclists; gender: …

Assessing Function And Endurance In Adults With Spinal And Bulbar Muscular Atrophy: Validity Of The Adult Myopathy Assessment Tool., Michael O. Harris-Love, Lindsay Fernandez-Rhodes, Galen Joe, Joseph A. Shrader, Angela Kokkinis, Alison La Pean Kirschner, Sungyoung Auh, Cheunju Chen, Li Li, Ellen Levy, Todd E. Davenport, Nicholas A. Di Prospero, Kenneth H. Fischbeck

Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Publications

Purpose. The adult myopathy assessment tool (AMAT) is a performance-based battery comprised of functional and endurance subscales that can be completed in approximately 30 minutes without the use of specialized equipment. The purpose of this study was to determine the construct validity and internal consistency of the AMAT with a sample of adults with spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA).

Methods. AMAT validity was assessed in 56-male participants with genetically confirmed SBMA (mean age, 53 ± 10 years). The participants completed the AMAT and assessments for disease status, strength, and functional status. Results. Lower AMAT scores were associated with longer …

Disparities In The Consequences Of Sarcopenia: Implications For African American Veterans, Michael O. Harris-Love, Bernadette Adams, Haniel J. Hernandez, Loretta Dipietro, Marc R. Blackman

Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

What Parents Think About Giving Nonnutritive Sweeteners To Their Children: A Pilot Study, Allison C. Sylvetsky, Mitchell Greenberg, Xiongce Zhao, Kristina I. Rother

Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Publications

Objective. To evaluate parental attitudes toward providing foods and beverages with nonnutritive sweeteners (NNS) to their children and to explore parental ability to recognize NNS in packaged foods and beverages.

Methods. 120 parents of children ≥ 1 and ≤18 years of age completed brief questionnaires upon entering or exiting a grocery store. Parental attitudes toward NNS were assessed using an interviewer-assisted survey. Parental selection of packaged food and beverages (with and without NNS) was evaluated during a shopping simulation activity. Parental ability to identify products with NNS was tested with a NNS recognition test.

Results. Most parents (72%) disagreed …

The Effects Of Supplementation On Anaerobic Exercise, Jr Clementino Ramirez

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION: Anaerobic exercise is most commonly identified as short term, high intensity exercise. During this type of exercise a person is able put forth maximum intensity in regards to speed, strength, and power. The duration for this type of exercise is very short lasting from a few seconds to approximately 2 minutes. One of the most common methods of evaluating anaerobic exercise performance is by having a person perform the Wingate Anaerobic Test (Want). The WAnT provides researchers with many different variables to analyze for anaerobic performance therefore, it is the test that will be utilized for this particular study. …

Acute Effects Of Dietary Nitrate Supplementation Via Beetroot Juice On Exercise Performance, I. Nduka

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

It has been reported that dietary nitrate supplementation effectively reduces blood pressure and increases tolerance of both moderate and high intensity exercise. However, it is presently unknown whether these effects are solely seen during long term supplementation or are equally present following short term supplementation; thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of short term nitrate supplementation on exercise performance

Theoretical And Philosophical Foundations Of Therapeutic Adventure., Michael A. Gass, Sky Gray

Kinesiology

No abstract provided.

Changes In Running Gait Parameters During A 161 Km Trail Race, Randall L. Jensen, Scott Drum

Conference Papers in Published Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Influence Of Jumping Measures And Squat 1rm On Sprint Speed In Rugby Union Players, Randall L. Jensen

Conference Papers in Published Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Affects On Heart Rate, Vo2, Energy Expenditure, And Rate Of Perceived Exertion Using The Wii Interactive Gaming Console, Stefanie Keeton

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION: Previous experiments indicate in numerous ways that an active video game gives substantially greater health benefits than an inactive video game. The Wii console can be a good contribution to a person’s work out routine, especially if they are incapable of performing other forms of exercise. Using a Wii or other form of active video gaming can result in high VO2 and HR levels for all age groups, and can be beneficial to a person’s health to keep them active and moving. Many of the studies performed using the Nintendo Wii have used Wii Boxing, with significantly high results …

The Effects Of Blood Flow Restriction Training On Muscular Size, Strength And Endurance, Joseph Nguyen

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION:Blood flow restriction training, has been utilized by individuals interested in inducing hypertrophic conditions without the use of heavy weight loads. The idea is to restrict venous return while still allowing arterial blood flow into the muscles being occluded. The metabolites built up would then cause an increase in anaerobic conditions producing lactic acid, fatiguing slow twitch fibers and utilizing fast twitch fibers. PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of blood flow restriction versus standard exercise for hypertrophy, strength, and endurance over a 6 week training period. METHODS: Three men (Age: 23 ±1yrs, Wt: 78.79 ±12.64kg, …

Effects Of Beta-Alanine & Recovery Methods On Lactate Levels & Anaerobic Capacity In Resistance-Trained Males, B Smilie

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION: Beta-Alanine, an ergogenic aid, is a nonessential amino acid that is naturally occurring in the human body that contributes to hydrogen buffering during high-intensity exercise (Hobson et al., 2012). High-intensity exercise causes an increase in the metabolite, lactate, or hydrogen ion concentration. This will then cause premature fatigue due to impaired contractile function. This buffering agent will be of use to athletes, fitness enthusiasts and bodybuilders looking to delay fatigue and increase performance. Active recovery was found to significantly reduce blood lactate concentration when compared to passive rest (Martin et al., 1998). PURPOSE: The purpose of this research study …

The Effects Of Stretching On Anaerobic Power, Jaime Flores

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION: Warming up prior to exercise or participating in athletic events has been considered essential in preventing injury. The most debatable question among athletes and the general population alike is what type of warm-up to do and which is either beneficial or detrimental to performance. Research has shown that performing a dynamic warm-up prior to exercise has improved performance in power compared to static stretching. PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of different types of stretching techniques on anaerobic power. METHODS: Six college males (mean ±SD: age, 23.33 ±1.11 years; height, 179.48 ±4.78 cm; weight, …

The Effects Of Decaffeinated Green Tea Extract On Body Composition And Estimated Vo2max, Wendy Martinez

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION: Green tea is rich in antioxidant polyphenols such as catechins and flavonols, and it is also composed of caffeine. The extract of tea is said to have some vasodilator effects which can have cardiovascular benefits, and it is also said to reduce body fat by means of fat oxidation. Many studies have been done using regular green tea on the body as opposed to decaffeinated green tea which solely contains polyphenols. PURPOSE: The purpose of this research study is to observe and record the effects decaffeinated green tea extract pills have on body composition and estimated VO2Max when taken …

Differences In Body Composition Of Female Soccer Players At Different Positions, Emily Davis

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION: Percent body fat (%BF) can be measured in many ways. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is one accepted way. This uses the relation of fat mass to lean mass in the body. A low level electrical current is sent through the body. The flow of the current is affected by the amount of water in the body. Body mass index (BMI) is another way to measure body composition. BMI is calculated by using the equation weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Waist to hip ratio is also a measurement that can be used for body composition. This …

13 Week Training Program And The Senior Fitt Test, Jocelyn Jose

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION: The Senior Fitt Test is a tool used by many to study the functional fitness of older individuals. It assesses the physiological capability of these individuals to carry out daily tasks safely without fatigue. Research has shown that walking enhances the results of exercise by warming-up the muscles of the body. The exercise program consisted of individuals who were 70 years of age and older who attended classes three days per week for 13 weeks and went through a warm-up, cardiovascular training, resistance training, and cool down

The Effect Of Caffeine On Submaximal Exercise Performance In Female College Students, Hoai Nguyen

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Many studies has been conducted to determin how caffeine affects exercise performance. Research shows that certain types of caffeine help improve one's body mass and overall performance. Some studies have shown that caffeine provides ergogenic benefits during strength-training exercise.The purpose of this study was to determine if caffeine had any effect on submaximal exercise performance in female college students.Five women (age 22 ±1 yrs; height 162.06 ± 6.58cm; weight 50.30±5.75 kg) who are UTA Kinesiology students volunteered to participate in the study. All the five subjects experienced two YMCA cycle ergometer tests on two different days within a week. The …

Acute Effects Of Dietary Nitrate Supplementation Via Beetroot Juice On Exercise Performance, I. Nduka

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

It has been reported that dietary nitrate supplementation effectively reduces blood pressure and increases tolerance of both moderate and high intensity exercise. However, it is presently unknown whether these effects are solely seen during long term supplementation or are equally present following short term supplementation; thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of short term nitrate supplementation on exercise performance.

Anaerobic Power And Aerobic Fitness Characteristics Of College-Aged, Recreational, Female Soccer Players Based On Their Field Positions, Nelson Martinez

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Research has shown that more anaerobically fit soccer players make for better defenders, while the more aerobically fit players are better off being used on the offensive side of the pitch. The Wingate is an anaerobic test, most often performed on a cycle ergometer, which is used to measure peak anaerobic power, as well as anaerobic capacity. On the other hand, maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is the maximum capacity of the body to transport and utilize oxygen (aerobic) during incremental exercise. To obtain VO2max, the Bruce Protocol, which is a standardized multistage treadmill test for assessing cardiovascular health, was used.

Fitness Assessment Of College-Aged Male Commuters And Non-Commuters, Brad Kleinlauth

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Body Mass Index (BMI) is the height to weight measurement used to determine if a person is at a healthy body composition. Research shows that students who drive 16 minutes or longer to campus are 64% more likely to have a BMI of 25 or over. Fitness of an individual also depends on other variables such as relative maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), maximal heart rate, time of exercise, and percent body fat.

The Effects Of Energy Drinks On Performance During A Submaximal Exercise Test, Christine Hernandez

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Introduction: Energy Drinks are beverages that imply revitalization of the mind and body, enhancement for better performance in sports, and the stimulation of the body by boosting the energy levels. Generally, energy drinks are consumed in order to enhance the quality of performance in exercise and to boost their energy levels on performance. These beverages claim to impact exercise and enhance the body’s physiological responses.