Kinesiology Commons^™

Muscle Physiology And Performance During Intensified Cycle Training: Impact Of Carbohydrate-Protein Supplementation, Andrew Christian D'Lugos

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Previous studies show that carbohydrate-protein (CP) ingestion can enhance short-term recovery following exercise, thereby benefiting subsequent exercise performance and compounding physiological parameters, when compared to carbohydrate (CHO) alone. Less is known about the influence that CP supplementation may have over a long-term intervention (several days/weeks). The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether CP supplementation was effective in improving tolerance to a period of intensified training (IT), compared to CHO. Additionally, the influence of CP on recovery/ adaptation to a period of IT followed by a period of reduced volume training (RVT) was examined. Eight endurance-trained cyclists (age: 24.9±7.3 …

The Effects Of Obstructive Sleep Apnea On Autonomic Function During Steady-State Exercise, Courtney Sutton

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Abstract Purpose: The aim of this study is to assess autonomic function by analyzing heart rate variability (HRV) at rest and during submaximal exercise in OSA patients and a non-OSA control group. Methods: Subjects were classified as OSA (n=10) or non-OSA (n=16) based on results from an at-home sleep assessment. Height, weight, waist and neck circumferences, and body composition were collected during the first visit for each subject. Physical activity during the day and nocturnal movement were assessed over a period of 4 days, including 3 weekdays and 1 weekend day, using accelerometers. HRV and blood pressure were recorded at …

Influence Of Traditional And Nontraditional Entries On Figure Skating Jumps, Bryanna Nevius

Honors Program Theses and Projects

The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not adding a non-traditional jump entry into a routine is more beneficial to the skater or if there is more value in performing the same jump with a traditional entry. Specifically, the study examined the kinematics of a non-traditional verses a traditional jump entry by looking at the angles of the hip, knee, and ankle joints at take-off and landing. Maximum jump height, airtime, and horizontal displacement were also examined. It was hypothesized that non-traditional entries would change jump kinematics when compared to the same jumps performed from traditional entries. …

The Quadmill: Effects Of Eccentric Training Vs. Concentric Training On Lower Extremity Power And Anaerobic Capacity 2014., John Crosby

Master's Theses

Training focuses on the concentric action of muscle during exercise for most exercise programs, but eccentric training may yield greater results. The Quadmill^TM is a unique piece of training equipment that focuses on training the quadriceps muscle eccentrically. Purpose: to determine if using the Quadmill^TM could increase power and anaerobic capacity to the same level, if not greater, than a standard concentric focused lower body training protocol. Participants were 44 undergraduate college students (24 Male 20 Female) Design: participants placed into three equal groups (Quadmill^TM, Lifting, Control). The two experimental groups (Quadmill^TM and Lifting) underwent …

Physical Activity And Nutritional Behavior Of Overweight College Students Trying To Lose Weight 2014, Santino Vallejos M.S.

Master's Theses

Although there are numerous benefits to increased physical activity and proper dietary behaviors, the decreased participation in physical activity and poor dietary behaviors has emerged as a significant problem within the college student population. The focus of this research study was to identify the relationship between physical activity and dietary behavior to weight loss behaviors within an undergraduate student sample of a small, comprehensive northeastern university. College-aged students (age range: 17 to 27 years old) completed the American College Health Association’s (ACHA) National College Health Assessment II (NCHA) during the years 2009 and 2012. According to the results, there were …

Factors Affecting The Coefficient Of Friction Of Soccer Goalie Gloves 2014, Candice Hofmann

Master's Theses

The purpose of this study was to compare the coefficients of static friction of five different pairs of soccer goalie gloves with one soccer ball and to compare the effects of four different glove conditions on the coefficients of static friction. Specifically, the coefficients of static friction were determined and compared for one size 5 soccer ball (Select) with five different pairs of goalie gloves (Nike Vapor Grip 3, Select 88, Uhlsport Aqua, Uhlsport Soft and Uhlsport Hard) and four different glove conditions (new, wet, saliva and dirty). Surrogate wooden fingers were inserted into each glove and the glove was …

The Relationship Between Muscular Power And Functional Fitness Among Older Adults, Corinne A. Parkins

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

The purpose of the study was to determine whether functional fitness is a good predictor of average and peak muscular power among adults over the age of 65. The 30-second chair stand and 8-foot-up-and-go test were used to define functional fitness and were administered to 57 older adults. Muscular power output was measured using the Tendo Weightlifting Analyzer during 5 chair stands. Relative average and peak power were used in the analyses. An independent t-test was run on all variables to distinguish differences between men and women, and multiple regression analyses were performed to detect the relationship between the two …

Twenty-Four Hour Post-Exercise Hypotension Following Concurrent Cardiovascular And Resistance Exercise, Whitley J. Stone

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Despite pharmacological advances, exercise remains a cost effective preventative for cardiovascular disease (CVD) by acutely and chronically lowering systolic blood pressure (SBP). Although numerous studies have investigated aerobic and resistance training’s role in eliciting an acute SBP response termed post-exercise hypotension (PEH), few researchers have investigated how performing both cardiovascular and weight training in a single session (concurrent training) or how different prescriptions for order of exercise modality will elicit this PEH response; no known studies have attempted altering the order of exercise types within each session. This study seeks to determine if the order of exercise type will affect …

Effect Of Weight Support On Tibial Accelerations During A Lower-Body Positive Pressure Treadmill Cadence Controlled Run, Brendan J. Rickert, Matthew F. Moran, Beau K. Greer

Exercise Science Faculty Publications

Running in a lower-body positive pressure treadmill (LBPP-TM) is utilized for athletes to maintain fitness while recovering from tibial stress fracture. Previous investigations report that step rate is linearly related to level of body weight (BW) support and tibial accelerations (TA) is not significantly reduced until

A Comparison On The Effects Of Handwriting And Typing On Remembering Copied Texts, Angelo L. Sayo

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Sitting And Looking: The Development Of Stability And Visual Exploration, Regina T. Harbourne, Bridget O. Ryalls, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

This longitudinal study focused on the interaction of developing sitting postural control with look time, which served as a measure for cognitive processing. Twenty-eight typically developing infants and 16 infants with motor delays were evaluated using center-of-pressure measures to assess stability of sitting postural control and videography to assess look time at objects, at three progressive stages of sitting development. Results indicated that look time decreased significantly in conjunction with a significant increase in postural stability in both groups as sitting progressed to independence. Infants with motor delays showed significantly longer looks when compared to typical infants at the middle …

Comparison Of Sweat Rates And Sweat Electrolyte Concentrations In Collegiate Male And Female Athletes With And Without A History Of Cramping, Brittany Cherie Willard

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

The purpose of this study was to explore the two main theories of muscle cramping by comparing sweat rate and sweat-electrolyte concentrations of athletes with a reported history of exercise associated muscle cramping (EAMC) to those with minimal cramping history to provide a potential link between sodium deficiency/sweat rate and EAMCs. The methodological consistency of analyses between two separate processes was also evaluated.

How Functional Fitness Relates To Muscular Power Among Older Adults, Jessica Mae Moix

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

The current study examined the relationship between functional fitness measures and muscular power among older adults. A 30-second chair stand test, 10-meter habitual walking test, and an 8-foot up-and-go test were all used as measures of functional fitness and muscular power was measured by Tendo analysis. The purpose of this study was to determine what aspects of functional fitness were associated with muscular power while then provide evidence that functional fitness can predict muscular power among older adults. Fifty-seven participants over 65 years old completed both the functional fitness and muscular power measures. Three separate correlations between functional fitness measures …

Self Myofascial Release: Effects On Hamstring Range Of Motion And Torque, Dillion F. Evans

Honors Theses

Research has indicated that static stretching may reduce force production capabilities. This has led many practitioners to exchange static stretching for alternative methods of increasing range of motion (ROM) in warm-ups. Despite having little research to support its use, self myofascial release—foam rolling—has been suggested as a viable alternative (Macdonald et al, 2013). The objective of this study was to determine how self myofascial release (SMR) of the hamstring muscle group affects ROM and torque production capabilities of the hamstring muscle group. Ten subjects (age 26.5 6.5 years, mass 74.412.1 kg, height 1738 cm) were recruited. A within subjects randomized, …

Physiological Responses At The Critical Heart Rate During Treadmill Running, Haley Bergstrom

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The purposes of this study were to: 1) determine if the critical heart rate (CHR) model for cycle ergometry can be applied to treadmill running; and 2) examine the times to exhaustion (T_lim) as well as the VO₂, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), electromyographic amplitude (EMG AMP) and mean power frequency (MPF) responses during constant heart rate (HR) runs at CHR-5 b·min^-1 (CHR-5), CHR, and CHR+5 b·min^-1 (CHR+5). Thirteen runners performed an incremental treadmill test to exhaustion. On separate days, 4 constant velocity runs to exhaustion were performed. The total number of heart beats …

Biomechanical Analysis Of Gait Kinetics Resulting From Use Of A Vacuum Socket On A Transtibial Prosthesis, Maria De Lourdes Ramos Gonzalez

Honors College Theses

The technology and design of lower limb prosthetics have evolved greatly since their introduction. The current study proposed to compare the effects of a conventional pin socket attachment and a vacuum socket attachment for a transtibial amputee. Whereas traditional measurements of gait utilize force plates and camera systems, this study made use of a small tri-axial load cell located at the base of the socket to measure the forces and moments exerted during a regular gait cycle. The hypothesis tested stated that a vacuum pump socket attachment, when compared to a non-vacuum (pin) socket, will have a significant effect on …

The Acute Effects Of Different Blood Flow Restriction Settings On Blood Lactate, Electromyography And Leg Strength During Bilateral Knee Extensions, Guillermo Eduardo Perez

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

The current protocols being used for Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) exercise did not examine the effects of different Initial Restrictive Pressures (pressure applied to limb by cuff prior to inflation, IRP) during design. There are several research articles highlighting the importance of IRP and how it can create variability in results. Therefore it is necessary to evaluate the current BFR protocol against different IRP in order to determine reliability. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of different blood flow restriction setting on 1) the level of blood lactate production, 2) neuromuscular activation (the changes …

Salivary Alpha-Amylase As An Indicator Of Body Stress Following An Acute Session Of Repetitive Jumping, Shaelee Allen

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Determining body stress levels is important when developing training programs for athletes and rehab facilities. Stress levels during exercise are commonly measured using heart rate, oxygen consumption (VO₂), and blood biomarkers. These collection measures involve training on the part of the data collector and the participant, are invasive, and themselves elicit some stress. The purpose of this study is to test whether a 10-min repetitive jumping session will cause a significant increase in salivary alpha-amylase, a potential stress biomarker. This study also looks to determine if a 20-min recovery is enough time for amylase levels to return to …

Effects Of An In-Season Resistance Training Program On Lower Extremity Power Output In Collegiate Basketball Players, Kevin Lee King

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in muscle power performance in a horizontal (forward movement), vertical, and lateral directions in collegiate basketball players due to the presence of an in-season resistance training program (ISRTP). Four basketball teams were recruited for this study. Two women's basketball teams and two men's basketball teams participated with one team in each gender participating in an ISRTP and one team not participating in an ISRTP. Fifty-three collegiate basketball players (Females= 29, Males= 24) were successfully recruited for this project. Subjects were assessed for lower extremity muscle power and muscle strength at pre-season, …

Effects Of Tens On Voluntary Quadriceps Activation And Vertical Ground Reaction Force During Walking In Subjects With Experimental Knee Pain, Seong Jun Son

Theses and Dissertations

Context: Knee pain is a common symptom in knee pathology and is associated with alterations in quadriceps activation and movement patterns. Reducing pain through intervention may help reestablish neuromuscular function. The independent effects of knee pain are difficult to examine and unclear. Objective: To investigate the effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on quadriceps activation and vertical ground reaction force (VGRF) during walking. Design: Crossover. Setting: Laboratory. Subjects: 15 in the TENS group (10M and 5F, 23.5 ± 2.8 yrs, 70.5 ± 12.5 kg, 178.1 ± 7.4 cm), and 15 in the sham group (10M and 5F, 22.5 ± …

The Effects Of Apoe Knock Out On Skeletal Muscle Regeneration: A Look Into Markers Of Protein Synthesis And Satellite Cell Function, Joshua Eden Ragland

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

ApoE helps regulate serum cholesterol levels by adding in transport of cholesterol into the cells, as well as, to the liver. ApoE knockout mice (ApoE KO) present a model that demonstrates the effects of hypercholesterolemia. Damage to muscle stimulates a complex regenerative response. The effects of high cholesterol on this regenerative response are not known. PURPOSE: To determine if skeletal muscle regeneration is altered in apoE KO mice by measuring protein synthesis regulator IGF-1, Akt, mTOR, and p70S6K, cell cycle regulator cyclin D1, and myogenic regulatory factors myoD and myogenin. METHODS: Female C57/BL6 (WT) and apoE KO were assigned to …

The Relationship Among School Playground Design And Conditions And Physical Activity Levels In Children, Ipuna Estavillo Black

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Almost 20% of children aged 6 to 11 years are obese in the United States, tripling over the last ten years. The rise in childhood obesity challenges nurses in their efforts to improve community health and sustainability. A decrease in physical activity (PA) levels has been associated with an increase in obesity. Schools have been identified as a primary setting to provide children adequate amounts of daily PA, and nurses working in the area of child health promotion can work with schools to provide opportunities for children to increase PA levels. The playground is one environment where children can increase …

Asymmetric Unilateral Transfemoral Prosthetic Simulator, Tyagi Ramakrishnan

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

amputation, which includes reduced force generation at the knee and ankle, reduced control of the leg, and different mass properties relative to their intact leg. The physical change in the prosthetic leg leads to gait asymmetries that include spatial, temporal, or force differences. This altered gait can lead to an increase in energy consumption and pain due to compensating forces and torques. The asymmetric prosthesis demonstrated in this research aims to find a balance between the different types of asymmetries to provide a gait that is more symmetric and to make it overall easier for an amputee to walk.

Previous …

The Effects Of A Single Bout Of Self-~Myofascial Release On Flexibility And Maximum Voluntary Contraction, Jonathan Robert Garcia

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of foam rolling on hamstrings flexibility, isometric and isokinetic torque. Participants: Thirteen female participants (N = 13; age: 28.5 + 6.8 years of age; height: 165.5 + 6.7 cm; mass: 64.2 + 8.4 kg) volunteered to participate in the study.

Methods: Hamstring flexibility was assessed using a sit and reach test; muscle strength was assessed by having participants complete a maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) of the hamstrings and maximal effort isokinetic knee flexion test using an isokinetic dynamometer. Participants completed these tests prior to any intervention (pre-rolling 1), …

The Influence Of Ambulation Speed And Corresponding Mechanical Variables On Articular Cartilage Metabolism, W. Matt Denning

Theses and Dissertations

During ambulation, lower-extremity joint angles and net moments influence knee joint load. It is unclear which mechanical variables most strongly correlate with acute articular cartilage (AC) catabolism in response to ambulation. Purpose: To determine which mechanical variables are most strongly correlated to acute AC catabolism, and to test the acute effect of ambulation speed on AC catabolism, while controlling for load frequency. Methods: 18 able-bodied subjects (9 male, 9 female; age = 23 ± 2 y; mass = 68.3 ± 9.6 kg; height = 1.70 ± 0.08 m) completed three separate ambulation sessions: slow (preferred walking speed), medium (+50% of …

Development Of A System For Analysis Of Muscle Contraction Pattern During Drosophila Melanogaster Crawling Behavior, Mary Catherine Decker

Celebrating Scholarship & Creativity Day (2011-2017)

The aim of this study was to attain footage of the crawling Drosophila larva from 360° angles in order to visualize the pattern of individual muscle contractions. A GAL4-UAS system was used to drive homozygous GCAMP expression, causing the muscles of the Drosophila larva to fluoresce when contracting. A stand was designed in order to place a live, crawling larva in a glass capillary tube under a fluorescent microscope and then rotate the tube completely for 360° video footage. Through the combination of the GCAMP expression and the rotatable stand, video of the individual muscle contraction pattern of a crawling …

Differences Between Men And Women In Percentage Of Body Weight Supported During Push-Up Exercise, Constance M. Mier, Tal Amasay, Steven Capehart, Heather Garner

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 7(2) : 161-168, 2014. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of push-up method (standard vs modified) and gender on percentage of body weight supported. Thirty seven men and women completed five push-ups in the standard (SPU) and modified (MPU) positions, and 5-sec hold (static) in the up (elbow extension) and down (elbow flexion) positions. Vertical ground reaction forces (expressed as load relative to body weight) were measured using force platforms. From a video-captured image, a computer software distance tool measured vertical range of motion (ROM) achieved in the down position expressed …

The Critical Power Concept And Bench Press: Modeling 1rm And Repetitions To Failure, R Hugh Morton, Matthew D. Redstone, Daniel J. Laing

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 7(2) : 152-160, 2014. Introduction: We demonstrate application of the 3-parameter critical power (CP) model derived for cycling and running, to performance at bench press exercise. We apply the model to both performance of a single repetition maximum (1RM) and multiple repetitions (reps) to failure at different sub-maximal weights. Methods: Sixteen weight-trained young adult male participants each performed a modified YMCA 1RM test and four sets of fixed cadence reps to failure at different sub-maximal weights. The CP model equation takes the form: n = ALC/(m – CL) + ALC/(CL – Lmax,), where n is …

Racial Comparisons In Police Officer Bench Press Strength Over 12.5 Years, Robert W. Boyce, Tyler K. Willett, Glenn R. Jones, Edward L. Boone

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 7(2) : 140-151, 2014. Strength, when considering gender and race, provides a basis for training, hiring, and retention for police officers. The purpose of this study is to identify muscular strength differences among racial groups from initial-recruit to in-service tests. Strength variables included bench press, bench press/lean mass and bench press/body mass. Scores were retrieved for the 1990 to 1995 recruit classes and were paired to the 2006 in-service fitness log. Sample included 309 officers: 30 females (13 black, 17 white) and 279 males (41 black, 238 white). Mean age of recruit was 24.6 ± …

Manuscript Has Been Retracted, Michael Smith, Eric Trexler, Allan Sommer, Brooke Starkoff, Steven Devor

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 7(2) : 128-139, 2014. Manuscript has been retracted.