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Kinesiology Commons™

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2011

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Articles 151 - 180 of 342

Full-Text Articles in Kinesiology

The Relationship Between Physical Activity Recommendations And Diabetes Risk Factors In Pregnant Women, Kelly Mattran May 2011

The Relationship Between Physical Activity Recommendations And Diabetes Risk Factors In Pregnant Women, Kelly Mattran

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

BACKGROUND: Changes in maternal insulin sensitivity throughout pregnancy may help supply nutrients to a growing fetus; however, the changes may concomitantly increase the mother and child’s risk for diabetes and chronic diseases. Regular physical activity (PA) positively impacts precursors for diabetes, but the impact of PA throughout gestation is less studied. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between meeting PA recommendations and diabetes risk in pregnant women. METHODS: A total of 23 pregnant women were recruited for participation. Venous blood samples, questionnaires, and anthropometric measurements (height, weight, and hip/waist circumferences) were ascertained during a single session. …

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Concurrent Aerobic Exercise Interferes With The Satellite Cell Response To Acute Resistance Exercise In Mhc I Muscle Fibers, Lyle W. Babcock May 2011

Concurrent Aerobic Exercise Interferes With The Satellite Cell Response To Acute Resistance Exercise In Mhc I Muscle Fibers, Lyle W. Babcock

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Purpose: Concurrent training attenuates hypertrophy compared to resistance training alone, and does so in a fiber-type specific manner. The mechanism responsible for this ‘interference’ is unclear, and satellite cell physiology, an important hypertrophic factor, has not been examined within this context. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to assess the fiber-type specific satellite cell response to acute resistance, aerobic and concurrent exercise. Methods: Eight recreationally active college-aged males (23±1 yrs, 83.4±3.6 kg, 181±2 cm, and 48.5±1.6 ml/kg/min) performed 3 sets of 10 repetitions with a fourth set ≥ 10 repetitions at 75% of 1RM for both unilateral leg extensions …

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Comparison Of Carotid, Brachial, And Popliteal Intima Media Thickness Among Sedentary And Physically Active Subjects Between 40 And 60 Years Old, Amanda Robinson May 2011

Comparison Of Carotid, Brachial, And Popliteal Intima Media Thickness Among Sedentary And Physically Active Subjects Between 40 And 60 Years Old, Amanda Robinson

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

The purpose of the current study was to determine the effect of long term versus recent training on intima-media thickness (IMT) and if this effect is localized in the vascular beds of the tissues directly involved in the activity. Thirty-four male subjects (aged 49.69 ± 6.48 years) were recruited and divided into the following groups: sedentary (SE), recent aerobic exercisers (RE) or long-term aerobic exercisers (LE). Carotid, brachial, and popliteal artery IMT was measured using B-mode ultrasonography. Diet, physical activity, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured as well. Carotid IMT was not significant (p=0.974) between the groups, with SE values …

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The Effects Of Sr2w-1 Supplementation On High-Intensity Cycling Performance And Lactate Metabolism, Kevin A. Murach May 2011

The Effects Of Sr2w-1 Supplementation On High-Intensity Cycling Performance And Lactate Metabolism, Kevin A. Murach

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Purpose: The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of SR2W-1 herbal supplementation on cycling performance, muscle and blood lactate, and various physiological parameters including blood glucose, heart rate (HR), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), oxygen consumption (VO2), expired ventilation (VE), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), and femoral artery blood flow. Methods: Seven recreational cyclists (Age: 26.7 ± 9.8 yrs, Height: 172.5 ± 13.3 cm, Weight:67.1 ± 10.7 kg, and VO2max: 59.5 ± 11 mL/kg/min) performed 20-min of steady-state cycling (~85% VO2max, 212.1 ± 25.0 W) followed by three 1-min high intensity intervals at VO2max workload (272.9 ± 26.9) …

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The Effects Of Sr2w-1 Supplementation On Cycling Performance And Muscle Fatigue, Tara Ali Ata May 2011

The Effects Of Sr2w-1 Supplementation On Cycling Performance And Muscle Fatigue, Tara Ali Ata

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the potential effects of SR2W-1 supplementation on cycling performance, central fatigue, and a variety of physiological parameters, including blood lactate, blood pH, heart rate (HR), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), oxygen consumption (VO2), expired ventilation (VE), and respiratory exchange ratio (RER). Methods: Five recreational cyclists (38 ± 8 yr, 168.4 ± 4.3 cm, 68.8 ± 5.6 kg, and 54.4 ± 2.6 mL/kg/min) performed 20-min of steady-state cycling (~85% VO2max) followed by three 1-min high intensity intervals at VO2max with 30-sec active recovery periods at 100 W, 15-min passive recovery period, and a …

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Volume Of Physical Activity And Hemostatic Variables In Pregnant Women, Christine Nicewonger May 2011

Volume Of Physical Activity And Hemostatic Variables In Pregnant Women, Christine Nicewonger

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Purpose: This study investigated the relationship between blood coagulation and fibrinolytic potential and physical activity. Physical activity levels to predict blood coagulation and fibrinolytic potential were also examined. Methods: Twenty-three pregnant women, aged 19-34 yrs, had a fasted blood draw between 6 and 10 a.m. analyzed for tPA antigen, tPA activity, PAI-1 antigen, and vWF antigen. Trimester specific volume of leisure time physical activity was assessed by the Modifiable Activity Questionnaire (MAQ) and converted to METmin/wk. Based on MAQ results, women were grouped as meeting (“active”) or not meeting (“sedentary”) physical activity recommendations established by American College of Obstetrics and …

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Post-Exercise Hypotension In Brief Exercise, Jeremiah G. Bush May 2011

Post-Exercise Hypotension In Brief Exercise, Jeremiah G. Bush

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The purpose of this investigation was to examine whether a single 10 minute bout of exercise, performed at multiple intervals throughout the day to equal 30 minutes, can effectively elicit post-exercise hypotension (PEH). Secondly, it is important to explore whether a light (40% VO2R) or moderate (70% VO2R) intensity is required to elicit PEH within 10 minutes. Subjects (N=11) completed a VO2max test utilizing the Bruce Treadmill protocol. Each subject returned within 3 – 5 days to complete two separate exercising trials. A counter balanced system was employed so that each subject did not perform the same intensity rotation (Counter …

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The Effects Of Caffeine On A Time-Trial Cycling Performance, Chris Tucker May 2011

The Effects Of Caffeine On A Time-Trial Cycling Performance, Chris Tucker

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Caffeine is one of the most widely consumed drugs in the world. Its mechanism of action has given it credibility as an ergogenic aid. It has been shown to stimulate the mobilization and oxidation of free fatty acids (FFA), thus sparing muscle glycogen. Caffeine is also well documented as a central nervous stimulant and its direct effect on the central nervous system is found in its role as an adenosine antagonist. It is thought to inhibit adenosine from blocking neuronal transmission thus increasing pain tolerance and reducing fatigue.

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Aerobic Capacity Of Wheelchair Basketball Players During Arm Crank Ergometry Vs Treadmill, Steve Quaker May 2011

Aerobic Capacity Of Wheelchair Basketball Players During Arm Crank Ergometry Vs Treadmill, Steve Quaker

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

It is difficult to determine the aerobic capacity of wheelchair athletes by the accepted standards and methods of testing. The levels of disability and the associated functionality of the individual as well as wheelchair design itself impacts the measure of VO2 peak. VO2 peak is the maximum volume of O2 that a person's body can transport to tissue during incremental exercise. At the current time VO2 peak is the best indicator of physical fitness of an individual.

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The Effects Of A Supplement (Body Rush) On Responses To A Maximal Stress Test, Isaac Dankyi May 2011

The Effects Of A Supplement (Body Rush) On Responses To A Maximal Stress Test, Isaac Dankyi

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Body Rush is a nitric oxide booster supplement that claims to dramatically improve strength, stamina, and focus. The active ingredients that are projected to change the dynamics of one’s output are: L-Carnitine to turn fat into energy, BCAAs which are amino acids that are metabolized in the muscles instead of the liver, and L-Arginine which has the ability to release growth hormone and support healthy cholesterol. A maximal graded exercise test (GXT) will be performed via Bruce protocol to determine if maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max), rate of perceived exerction (RPE), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), rate of respiration (RR) and …

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The Effect Of Compression Sleeves On Blood Lactate During An Arm Ergometer Max Test, Sergio Daniel Arciniega May 2011

The Effect Of Compression Sleeves On Blood Lactate During An Arm Ergometer Max Test, Sergio Daniel Arciniega

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Among athletes, the use of compression sleeves has been widely used with the intentions of increased flexibility, improved blood circulation, and increased muscle oxygenation. Therefore, the performance enhancements provided by compression sleeves could affect the amount of lactic acid accumulated within the muscle. Lactic acid builds up in the muscles as a byproduct of anaerobic activity, which dissociates into lactate and H+ resulting in a decrease in pH and is thought to lead to muscle fatigue.

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Relationship Between Balance Confidence And Dynamic Computerized Posturography, Megan Tracy May 2011

Relationship Between Balance Confidence And Dynamic Computerized Posturography, Megan Tracy

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between balance confidence, as measured by the BES, and performance on the SOT as measured by the composite SOT score.

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The Effect Of Cytomax Sports Drink On Blood Lactate Levels In A 400 M Run, Christina Driscoll May 2011

The Effect Of Cytomax Sports Drink On Blood Lactate Levels In A 400 M Run, Christina Driscoll

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

During short term exercise, lactic acid is formed as a byproduct of glycolysis. It forms from pyruvate when oxygen is not present in the muscles. Lactic acid then diffuses from the muscles into the blood and is broken down into lactate and hydrogen ions. This excess of hydrogen ions causes the blood pH to lower, unless it is buffered by the body. Many substances such as sodium bicarbonate, superoxygenated water, and caffeine have been tested as buffers, but none has been found to be both safe and effective. A new product, Cytomax performance drink claims to be a buffer.

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The Effect Of Wearing Compression Garments On Responses To Submaximal Exercise, Shayan Moslemi May 2011

The Effect Of Wearing Compression Garments On Responses To Submaximal Exercise, Shayan Moslemi

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

The aim of this study was to determine whether or not wearing compression garments has an effect on heart rate, blood pressure, blood lactate levels, and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) during submaximal exercise.

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Effects Of Nitric Oxide Supplementation On Maximal Graded Exercise, Erin Lewis May 2011

Effects Of Nitric Oxide Supplementation On Maximal Graded Exercise, Erin Lewis

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Nitric oxide (NO) is a naturally occurring substance in the body. It is released during exercise, stimulating vasodilatation, which increases blood flow to the muscles. It has become a popular form of supplementation in the past few years, gaining popularity over creatine use (which it is now often stacked with). Companies introduced nitric oxide as a supplement similar to creatine; naturally occurring in the body to aid in exercise, and by increasing the supply, they claim that it would enhance the user’s exercise capacity. However, there are few studies done that test the actual physiological effects of nitric oxide supplementation …

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The Relationship Between Sleeping Habits And Body Fat Composition, Ashley Longoria May 2011

The Relationship Between Sleeping Habits And Body Fat Composition, Ashley Longoria

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

The purpose of this research was to compare the relationship between sleeping habits and body fat composition.

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The Effects Of Core Stabilization On Blood Lactate Levels, Isela Salinas May 2011

The Effects Of Core Stabilization On Blood Lactate Levels, Isela Salinas

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

The purpose of this research was to examine if Core Stabilization exercise enhanced blood lactate clearance following a Wingate Anaerobic Power Test (WAnT).

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The Effects Of Caffeine On A Time Trial On A Cycle Ergometer, Allen Conly May 2011

The Effects Of Caffeine On A Time Trial On A Cycle Ergometer, Allen Conly

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Some people wake up in the morning and grab that cup of coffee to get a boost of energy to get moving. Why is it that coffee is used for this? Perhaps, it’s because of the ingredients found in coffee, like caffeine, in particular. Caffeine is used as a stimulant and a diuretic. A stimulant is an agent that enhances the activity of a body system or function. Because of its stimulating effects, caffeine is often used as an ergogenic aid. Caffeine can be used to stay awake or for better mental alertness in times of fatigue. An ergogenic aid …

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Cryotherapy And Its Effects On Shoulder Proprioception, Spencer Elswick May 2011

Cryotherapy And Its Effects On Shoulder Proprioception, Spencer Elswick

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Proprioception, or the relative sense of body position in space, is accomplished by a complex integration of multiple sensory receptors within the skin, muscle, joints, ligaments, and tendons. These proprioceptors continually send afferent neural impulses to the central nervous system regarding peripheral joint stability and movement and are typically stimulated (excited) with tissue deformation via stretching or compression. However, when an athlete sustains an injury to a joint during competition, the joint is most commonly treated with a desensitizing treatment like cryotherapy. Ice application is used to interrupt pain sensation by decreasing nerve conduction velocity, inflammatory mediators, and metabolic byproducts. …

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Functional Movement Screen Predicators: Can High Fms Scores Be Predicted Through Range Of Motion, Strength, And Balance Measures?, Jeremy L. Hester May 2011

Functional Movement Screen Predicators: Can High Fms Scores Be Predicted Through Range Of Motion, Strength, And Balance Measures?, Jeremy L. Hester

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

There has been a steady increase in sport participation in the U.S. over the recent years, and with increases in activity comes a rise in the physical demands of sport on the musculoskeletal system. These demands coupled with increased sport activity can yield an increase in the risk of injury. Functional movement occurs in everyday life, and even more so in an athletic population. When these movements are imbalanced or biomechanically inefficient, breaks in the proper kinetic chain of movement will begin to occur. Compensatory movement will follow the bodies physical deficits, so early detection or proper intervention are important. …

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Effects Of Vo2 Max Test On Short Term Memory, Olufemi Ola-Ajose May 2011

Effects Of Vo2 Max Test On Short Term Memory, Olufemi Ola-Ajose

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Exercise in healthy adults has been shown to small but positive effects on cognitive function. Short term or working memory is a limited storage system in which a memory is lost or decays rapidly. Short term memory is believed to support an array of complex cognitive behaviors such as reading comprehension and mathematical problem solving (Beilock & Carr, 2005). The effects of exercise intensity on short term memory is varied, although submaximal and moderate exercise bouts have been shown to have a positive effect on memory. Exercise causes changes in cardiorespiratory, hormonal and metabolic processes that may increase the availability …

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The Effect Of Lactate Buildup As An Energy Substrate During A Short-Duration, High-Intensity Run Of 400-M And A Medium Run Of 800-M On Uta Kinesiology Students, Davor Krnjajic May 2011

The Effect Of Lactate Buildup As An Energy Substrate During A Short-Duration, High-Intensity Run Of 400-M And A Medium Run Of 800-M On Uta Kinesiology Students, Davor Krnjajic

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Lactic acid is a metabolic byproduct of the anaerobic glycolysis energy system present in blood and muscle. Some research indicates that lactic acid is a marker of fatigue during short duration exercise due to its dissociation into lactate and the H+ ion, whose accumulation in tissues and blood can lead to a subsequent decrement in muscle and plasma pH causing an inhibition of coupling mechanisms and enzymatic processes necessary for maintenance of muscular force production. Other studies have not implicated lactate to be the sole contributor of fatigue, as different types of exercise produce multifaceted fatigue factors, depending on muscle …

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What Does It Take To Be A National Cheerleading Champion?, Rolando J. Aviles May 2011

What Does It Take To Be A National Cheerleading Champion?, Rolando J. Aviles

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Cheerleading involves the performance of skills requiring a high degree of muscular strength, endurance, flexibility, balance, and determination. Despite the trend of cheerleaders performing increasingly difficult and athletic skills, very little is known about their physiological fitness levels.

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Comparing Limit Of Stability And Sensory Organization Test Scores As A Predictor Of Fall Risk In Men And Women, Ampa Pantages May 2011

Comparing Limit Of Stability And Sensory Organization Test Scores As A Predictor Of Fall Risk In Men And Women, Ampa Pantages

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Falls in older patients often occur when several tasks are performed simultaneously and have become the leading cause of injuries such as bone fractures. Factors such as reaction time, flexibility, and directional control can help determine the fall risk in older individuals.

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The Evaluation Of Hand Strength In An Aging Population, Linzi Ball May 2011

The Evaluation Of Hand Strength In An Aging Population, Linzi Ball

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Muscular deterioration is a well known effect that aging has on individuals. As a person gets older, their muscles naturally become worn down and more atrophied as compared to their younger counterparts. The ability of an individual to perform their activities of daily living may be compromised by low muscular strength even in healthy older individuals. There is mounting evidence to show not only endurance capacity but also strength is a predictor of health, especially in elderly people. Many studies have shown a correlation between muscular strength and future morbidity, disability, and mortality in these individuals and many of them …

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Electromechanics Of Biological Systems Studied By Scanning Probe Microscopy, Gary Thompson May 2011

Electromechanics Of Biological Systems Studied By Scanning Probe Microscopy, Gary Thompson

All Dissertations

The functional role of piezoelectricity and of other modes of electromechanical coupling across the hierarchical structures of biological materials garnered interest many years ago. Many biological materials have been described as exhibiting piezoelectric behavior, from wool fibers to wood planks and even to living mammalian cells, but efforts are on-going towards understanding how electromechanical coupling in biological systems transcends from the molecular to tissue levels.
In pursuit of high-resolution measurements of such hierarchical electromechanical coupling, scanning probe microscopy-based techniques are considered. Piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) becomes the specific focus of this work, and the nascent development of PFM is reviewed …

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The Effects Of Reading Distraction During Steady-State Exercise On Exercise Intensity, Megan Holt, Megan Tracy, Mitchel Samels May 2011

The Effects Of Reading Distraction During Steady-State Exercise On Exercise Intensity, Megan Holt, Megan Tracy, Mitchel Samels

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

The consequence of reading during exercise on the cardiovascular response to exercise (e.g., heart rate response) and the intensity of the performed exercise remains incompletely understood through existing publications. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the effect of reading during exercise on heart rate responses to exercise and exercise intensity performance.

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Self-Reported Exercise And Risk Of Osteoporosis In Prostate Cancer Patients Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy, Lori J. Mennen-Winchell May 2011

Self-Reported Exercise And Risk Of Osteoporosis In Prostate Cancer Patients Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy, Lori J. Mennen-Winchell

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Prostate cancer is stimulated to grow in response to testosterone. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) leads to chemical castration and suppression of prostate cancer cell production. Testosterone levels less then 300ng/ml decreases bone mineral density and could result in osteoporosis. Studies have shown that during the first year of ADT, fracture risk, mainly in hips and spine increases about 50%. In men, 40% of hip fractures result in death. Exercise may reduce the risk of osteoporosis and thus contribute to the prevention of hip and other fractures. There is limited data regarding whether exercise is associated with a reduced risk of …

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The Effects Of Sodium Bicarbonate Supplementation On Lower-Body Hypertrophy-Type Resistance Exercise, Benjamin Mclean Carr May 2011

The Effects Of Sodium Bicarbonate Supplementation On Lower-Body Hypertrophy-Type Resistance Exercise, Benjamin Mclean Carr

Dissertations

A number of studies have demonstrated the ergogenic effects of induced-alkalosis on high-intensity intermittent exercise performance. Purpose: The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) administration on a high-volume hypertrophy-type resistance exercise regimen for the lower body. Methods: In a double-blind counterbalanced manner, 12 resistance-trained male participants (mean ± SD; age = 20.3 ± 2 yr, mass = 88.3 ± 13.2 kg, height = 1.80 ± 0.07 m), with a minimum of two years of training experience, ingested either 0.3 g˙kg-1 of NaHCO3 or calcium carbonate (CaCO3) …

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Walk-Run Transition Speed And The Relevance Of Loading, Muscular Fatigue, And Human Kinematics: A Comparison Of Human Gait Patterns, Callie Elizabeth Gunderson May 2011

Walk-Run Transition Speed And The Relevance Of Loading, Muscular Fatigue, And Human Kinematics: A Comparison Of Human Gait Patterns, Callie Elizabeth Gunderson

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

INTRODUCTION: The walk-to-run transition (WRT) typically occurs at a preferred transition speed (PTS) of 1.9-2.1ms-1. Previous research has focused on potential triggers for this transition such as leg length, muscular fatigue, loading rates (LR), and vertical ground reaction forces (VGRFs). Rather than focus on mechanisms responsible for the transition, the purpose of the current study was to determine if basic anthropometrics or gait characteristics are predictive of the WRT. METHODS: Thirty participants were recruited for the current study (n = 13 male, 17 female; n = 11 normal weight, n = 10 overweight, n = …

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