Kinesiology Commons^™

Aerobic And Anaerobic Exercise's Impact On Cognitive Functions In Eighth Grade Students., Heather Erwin, Sarah Schreiber

Kinesiology and Health Promotion Faculty Publications

The present study examined the impact of aerobic and anaerobic exercise on cognitive abilities in eighth grade students at one middle school in southeastern US. It is known that youth do not meet recommended physical activity levels, yet there is research demonstrating a clear connection between aerobic exercise and academic performance. There is a gap in evidence regarding anaerobic exercise and cognitive capabilities. If professionals know which type of exercise is most beneficial for enhancing cognition in youth, it will behoove them to incorporate these practices in physical education and other areas throughout the school day for students. Thus, this …

Advancing Objective Mobile Device Use Measurement Inchildren Ages 6–11 Through Built-In Device Sensors: A Proof-Of-Concept Study, Olivia L. Finnegan, Robert Glenn Weaver Med, Phd, Hongpeng Yang, James W. White, Srihari Nelakuditi, Zifei Zhong, Rahul Ghosal Ph.D., Yan Tong, Aliye B. Cepni, Elizabeth L. Adams, Sarah Burkart Mph, Ph.D., Michael W. Beets Med, Mph, Phd, Bridget Armstrong Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

Mobile devices (e.g., tablets and smartphones) have been rapidly integrated into the lives of children and have impacted howchildren engage with digital media. The portability of these devices allows for sporadic, on-demand interaction, reducing theaccuracy of self-report estimates of mobile device use. Passive sensing applications objectively monitor time spent on a givendevice but are unable to identify who is using the device, a significant limitation in child screen time research. Behavioralbiometric authentication, using embedded mobile device sensors to continuously authenticate users, could be applied toaddress this limitation. This study examined the preliminary accuracy of machine learning models trained on iPad …

Physical Activity In Underserved Preadolescents: Characterization Of Accumulation And Patterns, Alma I. Behar, Matthew T. Mahar, Gregory Norman, John P. Elder, Michael Pratt, Patricia Dionicio, Noe C. Crespo

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Objectives: The increasing rates of physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors among youth are a significant public health concern. The greatest disparities in physical activity (PA) are experienced by underserved (racial/ethnic minority, low-income) youth. This study aimed to characterize accelerometer-measured PA behaviors in a sample of low-income, predominantly Latino, preadolescents. Methods: Participants wore wrist worn GENEActiv accelerometers for 7 days. PA levels were classified as sedentary (< 50 mg), light (50-150 mg), moderate (> 150-500 mg), vigorous (> 500 mg), and MVPA (≥ 150 mg). Time spent in PA levels and sedentary time (ST), prevalence of meeting MVPA guidelines, and PA volume were estimated from accelerometer data. Three-way …

Attitude And Attitudinal Structures Toward Physical Education And Their Influences On Physical Activity Behavior, Yubing Wang, Yaogang Han, Pan Li, Binn Zhang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine middle and high school students’ cognitive and affective attitude and their cognitive-affective attitudinal structures toward physical education (PE). The effects of cognitive and affective attitude and attitudinal structures on physical activity (PA) in PE and outside of school were also examined. Methods: 1773 Chinese middle and high-school students participated in this study. SEM, Chi-square test, ANOVAs, and Contingency tables were adopted to address the research questions. Results: The results showed that most students (>90%) were holding positive cognitive and affective attitude toward PE. Students’ affective attitude significantly influences their PA …

Attitudes And Self-Efficacy Of Swimming Coaches Towards The Inclusion Of Swimmers With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Eleftheria Kasagianni, Dimitrios Kokaridas, Panagiotis Varsamis, Vasilis Tsimaras

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

The purpose of this study was to investigate the attitudes and self-efficacy of swimming coaches regarding the inclusion of swimmers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The sample consisted of 150 Greek swimming coaches with an average age of 29.58 years. Each participant completed the Swimming Coaches Attitudes towards Inclusion Questionnaire for perceptions assessment and the Biddle and Goudas (1997) self-efficacy questionnaire. The statistical analysis used SPSS 27 to calculate Cronbach’s alpha, Pearson product-moment correlations, independent t-tests, and ANOVA. The findings of the study showed that the swimming coaches expressed positive attitudes and a high percentage of perceived self-efficacy towards the …

In This Issue 14:3, Stephen J. Langendorfer Ph.D.

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

In This Issue 14:3

A Research Framework To Improve Evidence-Based Practice Surrounding The Resuscitation Response To Drowning In Surf Lifesaving, Elissa Hooper, Aaron T. Scanlan, Shayne D. Baker, Samantha Fien

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Surf lifesaving members are essential first responders who patrol public waterways, performing rescues and resuscitation to individuals in the community when needed. In this way, surf lifesaving members experience arduous physical requirements alongside extensive psychological stress during resuscitation. Surf Life Saving Queensland (SLSQ) represents the predominant, frontline lifesaving service in Queensland, Australia; however, little research has explored key aspects of drowning resuscitations involving this organisation, as well as in the broader lifesaving industry, limiting our current understanding on this vital topic. We sought to explore key aspects of drowning resuscitations within SLSQ and create a framework to generate evidence-based practice. …

‘You Have To Respect The Water’: Participant Experiences Of Appreciating And Managing The Risks Associated With Open Water Swimming – A Rapid Ethnographic Study, Mark A. Christie, David Elliott

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Open water swimming (OWS) has rapidly grown in popularity, driven by the purported health benefits of cold-water immersion. A paucity of research remains specifically considering the notable risks inherent in OWS participation, and a lack of qualitative research on freshwater swimming experiences, and safety-related issues therein. This rapid ethnographic study, based at a dedicated OWS lake in the UK, conducted semi-structured interviews with OWS participants (n=17; female=11, male=6). Two core themes emerged: environmental issues impacting OWS experiences and behaviours; and knowledge and education of OWS which highlighted safe/unsafe practices, levels of education for managing risks, personal preparedness, swimming solo/with others, …

Comparison Of Raw Accelerometry Data From Actigraph, Apple Watch, Garmin, And Fitbit Using A Mechanical Shaker Table, James W. White Iii, Olivia L. Finnegan, Nick Tindall, Srihari Nelakuditi, David E. Brown Iii, Russell R. Pate Ph.D., Gregory J. Welk, Massimiliano De Zambotti, Rahul Ghosal, Yuan Wang, Sarah Burkart, Elizabeth L. Adams, Mvs Chandrashekhar, Bridget Armstrong, Michael W. Beets, Robert Weaver Med, Phd

Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the raw accelerometry output from research-grade and consumer wearable devices compared to accelerations produced by a mechanical shaker table. Raw accelerometry data from a total of 40 devices (i.e., n = 10 ActiGraph wGT3X-BT, n = 10 Apple Watch Series 7, n = 10 Garmin Vivoactive 4S, and n = 10 Fitbit Sense) were compared to reference accelerations produced by an orbital shaker table at speeds ranging from 0.6 Hz (4.4 milligravity-mg) to 3.2 Hz (124.7mg). Two-way random effects absolute intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) tested inter-device reliability. …

Lay Rescuer Equipment Preferences And Efficacy During A Simulated Drowning Event, Alison M. Miller, William D. Ramos, Kristina R. Anderson, Jill Cuvala

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

During a drowning incident where a lifeguard is not present, a bystander – referred to as a lay rescuer - may put themselves in danger by attempting a rescue. When lay rescuers can avoid entering the water by using rescue equipment to help a drowning victim, it serves to not only help the person actively drowning, but also provides a layer of protection to a lay rescuer. This study sought to examine the following questions: (a) which pieces of rescue equipment were preferred by lay rescuers at pre-determined short and long distances, (b) do lay rescuers select appropriate rescue equipment …

Barriers: Location, Functionality, And Method Of Access In Childhood Pool/Spa Submersion Incidents, United States, 2000-2017, Alison Miller, Kristina R. Anderson, William D. Ramos

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Drowning is a leading cause of fatality among children in the United States, and residential pools/spas currently account for as much as 80% of these submersion incidents. This study reviewed narrative case reports obtained from the United States Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) to understand barrier location, type, and functionality as methods of pool/spa access for childhood submersion incidents. Retroactive analysis of 1,523 fatal and non-fatal submersion incidents among children aged 13 years old and younger was conducted using the CPSC in depth investigation dataset from 2000-2017. Narrative descriptions were coded according to the attributes of barrier location, functionality, and …

Perceived And Real Water Competency And Drowning Risk Among Adults, Teresa Stanley, Kevin Moran, Dawn Garbett, Alan Ovens

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Traditionally, public understanding of drowning survival has focused on swimming capacity, often measured by how far a person can swim. With respect to the high incidence of adult drowning in high-income countries, using the more inclusive concept of water competency may yield a more comprehensive explanatory framework for understanding the reasons behind these drownings. Any competency base required to survive a drowning situation is dynamic, complex, and multi-faceted. Furthermore, perceptions of risk and capacity to cope with that risk are likely to be pivotal to the avoidance of drowning. Adults’ perceived water competence was measured against their actual water competence …

Evaluating Drowning Prevention Campaigns - The Challenge Of Getting The Right Information To The Right People At The Right Time: A Response To Calverley, Petrass, And Blitvich, Gemma Crawford, Meg Abercromby, Malena Della Bona, Justine E. Leavy Ph.D.

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Evidence-informed decision making requires timely and readily available research and evaluation for policy and practice. In the context of drowning prevention, evaluation of interventions in the grey and peer reviewed literature is relatively scarce. Lack of evidence and associated barriers to access limits the scope of knowledge translation efforts and the application of research outcomes to initiatives designed to prevent drowning. The paper, Alcohol Focused Drowning Prevention Campaigns: What Do We Know and What Should We Do Now? highlights a lack of specific evaluation for alcohol-focused drowning prevention campaigns. We offer insights as evaluators of a youth water safety program …

A Longitudinal Look At Student Attitude, Perceived Competence, And Fitness Test Performance Of Elementary Students, Risto Marttinen, Kevin Mercier, Jung Yeon Park, Kelly L. Simonton, Erin Centeio, Kevin Andrew Richards, Kathleen Wilson

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

The purpose of this study was to assess relationships between students’ attitudes toward physical education (PE), their perceived competence toward PE, and their fitness test performance, as well as how these relationships change over time. Measurements were conducted with validated instruments across five time points during two school years with fourth and fifth grade students across ten schools (n = 636, 48% = female). This study was developed to address a need for examining how attitudes and perceived competence change over time. Descriptive statistics and latent growth models were run with the variables of interest to investigate four research …

Running Biomechanics Differ During And After Pregnancy Compared To Females Who Have Never Been Pregnant, Jennifer J. Bagwell, Elizabeth Avila, Nicholas Reynolds, Jo Armour Smith, Kevin Valenzuela, Dimitrios Katsavelis

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

Background

Perinatal running participation has increased recently; however, pregnancy related symptoms can limit activity. Perinatal running biomechanics could inform interventions to help perinatal individuals maintain an active lifestyle.

Research question

Are perinatal running biomaechanics and muscle activation different compared to nulligravida females?

Methods

Sixteen pregnant participants completed self-selected velocity running during second trimester (2 T), third trimester (3 T), and postpartum (PP) and 16 matched controls completed these procedures once in this case control study. Kinematic, kinetic, and electromyography (EMG) data were collected using a motion capture system, force plates, and EMG electrodes. Peak trunk, pelvis, hip, knee, and ankle …

A04: A Pilot Study On The Persistence Of Children's Online Sports Games, Haoye Shen, Xiaozan Wan, Meiyuan Chen, Mengke Kang, Hao Li, Yiang Yuan

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: In the post-epidemic era, children's physical activity has decreased sharply, and smart sports at home have gradually emerged, making online sports games an important path for children's sports participation. This pilot study was to explore the persistence of children's online sports game participation through exercise frequency recording and provided guidance for online sports game intervention programs. Methods: A total of 29 primary school children were enrolled, including 24 boys and 5 girls. Participants exercise autonomously through motion software. In this study, the movement of each participant was recorded through the background of the software system and exported to Excel. …

A01: A Pilot Study Of Student Cadres Mental Health At A Sport University During Covid-19, Yuan Yuan, Haijun Han, Hongwei Guan

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Over 90% of college students have experienced negative mental health symptoms due to the pandemic, according to a survey from BestColleges.com. More than half (54%) of college students believe COVID-19 circumstances have impacted their mental health. Although the pandemic's influence on mental health expanded, not all students have felt its effects to the same degree. Physical activity has been reported to have many physical and mental health benefits. Students at sport universities tend to participate in more sport and physical activity. During the pandemic, student cadres are expected to take more responsibilities such as coordinating COVID-19 tests and interacting …

A10: Analyzing Perceptual Differences Toward Esports Among Students Across Various Educational Levels Of America, Xianhua Luo, Li Chen, Yong Yang, Hui Deng

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Electronic sports (Esports) draw increasing attention in the world and become popular across institutions of American higher education. Scholars in Esports research have explored various findings and discussions related to education, marketing and promotion, organization and management, and sociology and psychology of sport. However, the perceptual differences of Esports participants remain unknown across educational levels across American institutions. The purposes of this study were to examine the perceptual differences toward Esports across educational levels in the United States. Methods: A total of 397 voluntary participates with various education levels took part in a reginal survey in the east coast …

A52: Practice Research On Orientation Movement Teaching In Primary School, Ziying Zeng, Haicheng Wen, Liyan Lao, Shunzhou Du, Yuntao Zeng

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Sports shoulder the important task of improving the physical health of teenagers, is an indispensable part of the school quality education, more importantly, is to undertake the fundamental mission of moral cultivation. Orienteering is a new sports project integrating intelligence and physical strength. It not only strengthens the body, but also improves the students' self-control ability such as thinking and judging ability and solving difficulties by themselves, so as to truly realize the ideal effect of "sports people". Methods: From the perspective of the implementation of school-based orienteering curriculum in our school, this paper adopts experimental methods, mathematical statistics …

A56: Mediation Analysis Of Association Between Fundamental Motor Skills And Physical Activity In Elementary School Students, Jun Chen, Xiaozan Wang, Ouyi Chen, Haizhu Long

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the association of fundamental motor skills (FMS), perceived motor competence (PMC), physical activity (PA) in elementary school students, as well as to examine whether PMC mediated the relationship between FMS and PA. Methods: Participants were 470 3-6th grade students (210 boys vs. 242 girls; Mean age = 10.11 years old; SD = 1.19) at five elementary schools from the province of Hunan in China. The students’ FMS were assessed with The Test of Gross Motor Development-3, PMC was assessed using the perceived athletic competence sub-scale of Harter’s Self-perception profile for children and PA were …

A57: A Study On The Correlation Between Basic Motor Skills And Attention, Parent-Child Relationship And Behavior, Mengke Kang, Xiaozan Wang, Meiyuan Chen, Haoye Shen

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: In the Curriculum Standards of Physical Education and Health for Compulsory Education (2022 Edition) newly issued by China in 2022, basic motor skills are included in the curriculum, requiring students to learn, practice and experience mobility skills, control skills, manipulative skills, and other basic motor skills. The purpose of this study is to explore the correlation between basic motor skills and pupils' attention, parent-child relationship, and behavior, and to provide a theoretical basis for its further implementation. Methods: In this study, 45 primary school students from Malu Primary School, Jiading District, Shanghai, with an average age of 9.76 years …

A60: Gait Kinematics Characteristics Of The Overweight And Obese Elderly At Different Walking Speeds, Liu Min

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Gait is associated with falls. Overweight, obesity and falls are prominent problems affecting the healthy life of the elderly in China. The purpose of this study is to measure the gait kinematic parameters of the overweight and obese elderly using BTS SMART DX Motion Capture System, and to analyze the gait characteristics of the overweight and obese elderly when walking with different speeds, so as to provide reference for the prevention of falls in the overweight and obese elderly. Methods: A total of 42 healthy old women (overweight or obese group: N = 20, age = 67.36±6.11 yrs.; normal …

A70: An Experimental Study Of Sports Vr Equipment On Cultivating High School Students' Interest In Sports, Zhang Rui

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: The incorporation of VR virtual teaching has garnered significant attention, with its applications spanning various disciplines and fields. Notably, in the realm of physical education, VR integration has not only contributed to the enhancement of instructional effectiveness but has also played a pivotal role in fostering the holistic development and personality growth of students. The primary objective of this study is to investigate whether VR virtual teaching can elevate the interest of high school students in the learning of physical education. Methods: Eighty students in high school were recruited and randomly divided into experimental and control groups (40 students …

A67: The Influence Of Physical Exercise On College Students' Psychological Pressure: A Chain Intermediary Effect, Zhenqi Zhou, Zhen Li

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: At this stage, the increasingly fierce social competition makes college students face significant challenges while striving for development opportunities. They will encounter various setbacks and challenges, causing excessive psychological pressure on college students, which will affect their mental health. As an effective means to promote people's physical and mental development, physical exercise plays an important role in the development of college students, It plays a very important role in relieving college students' psychological pressure. Therefore, it is particularly important to study how physical exercise affects college students' psychological pressure and the role of other factors. The purpose of this …

A111: Relationship Between Physical Activity And Mental Toughness: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Chinese College Students, Ke Wang, Jiaju Hu

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Physical activity has favorable impacts on exercisers' stress levels, psychological distress and anxiety, emotional regulation, and mental wellness. In recent years, the global outbreak of COVID-19 has subtly altered college students' lifestyles. Studies have shown that the physical and mental health of students has deteriorated dramatically, which is alarming. Mental toughness refers to the ability to adapt well in the face of major pressures, setbacks, and adversity in life. The purpose of the present study was to examine variations in mental toughness depending on the intensity, length, and frequency of physical activity. Methods: A total of 3,120 Chinese college …

A127: Difficulties Facing And Coping Strategies Of Physical Education And Health Interdisciplinary Teaching In China, Jie Yang, Liping Xu, Zhihua Yin

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: In response to the national demand for compound talents, “Physical Education (PE) and Health Curriculum (2022 version) for Compulsory Education” proposes to include interdisciplinary teaching in five major courses in China. Due to the lack of course cases for reference, there’s a certain gap between interdisciplinary theory and practice. Therefore, it’s urgent to analyze the difficulties faced by interdisciplinary teaching and find out the coping strategies. Methods: By using keywords such as "interdisciplinary teaching," "PE and health curriculum," and "interdisciplinary," this study collected and studied 39 articles from CNKI, Web of Science, Scopus, and other databases, and analyzed the …

A123: Research Progress And Review Of Key Competencies Of Physical Education Curriculum In China, Liping Xue, Zhihua Yin

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: The introduction of the "Opinions on Comprehensively Deepening Curriculum Reform and Implementing the Fundamental Task of Establishing Virtues and Cultivating People" marked the initiation of comprehensive curriculum reform across all disciplines in our country, with a particular emphasis on key competencies. Among these competencies, those integral to the Physical Education (PE) curriculum have garnered increasing attention from scholars. Building upon this foundation, this paper systematically reviews and analyzes pertinent research on the key competencies within the PE curriculum. The exploration covers the development process, current research hotspots, and future prospects in this field, aiming to serve as a reference …

A143: Influence Of Sports Participation On Females’ Health In The Cold Cities Of Northeast China, Chenxu Zuo

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: People living in the northeastern, cold region of China have been enduring a severe climate. It’s well known that sports participation can promote health. However, there is a lack of research on sports participation among urban females in cold areas of China. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the influence of sports participation on urban females’ health in northeastern China. Methods: A total of 305 urban females (aged 39 years) from Harbin completed an online survey, which asks about demographic information, health status, and sports participation. Health status was assessed by measuring three dimensions of health-related indicators (BMI, chronic …

A153: The Relationships Between Physical Activity And Health-Related Quality Of Life In Parent-Child Dyads With Asd, Yu Song, Bo Shen

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Researchers have found that the core and combined symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) negatively influence the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of autistic children and their parents. Although it is supported that participation in physical activity (PA) can enhance the HRQoL and well-being in general, few studies have addressed the relationship between HRQoL with PA in the population with ASD. This study examines how much leisure-time physical activity participation is correlated to HRQoL in parent-child dyads with ASD. Method: Participants were recruited from two Rehabilitation Centers for neurodevelopmental disability children. Eighty-five ASD children and their parents participated in …

A155: Research On The Influence Of Kinesthetic Intelligence Courses With Industrialized Education On Children's Physical Fitness, Yanli Luo, Xiaoming Gong, Yanqing Chen, Lianglei Xiana, Jie Luo, Kaidi Wu

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Nowadays, the industrialization of education has led to the shortage of teachers and consequently hindered resource allocation and curriculum optimization. These problems are profound for educators when applying Kinesthetic Intelligence (KI) curriculum for children in early childhood. This paper examines the impact of the current KI course delivery on children’s physical fitness to provide reference for researchers and educators. Methods: Forty-six kids were randomly selected from two intermediate Kindergarten classes and were divided into an experimental group (EG) and a control group (CG). A pre-test of physical fitness was done on eight indices such as stature, weight, throwing, and …