Kinesiology Commons^™

Physiological Responses To Various Durations And Intensities Of Warmup, Susan J. Hanson

Student Work

Warmup has been a general practice for most athletes to engage in prior to a practice or competitive race. However, there has been little scientific evidence, specifically for the endurance athlete concerning the appropriate duration, intensity, or a combination of duration and intensity needed to enhance performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine how different combinations of durations and intensities of warmup affect heart rate (HR), lactic acid· (LA), minute ventilation (VE), respiratory exchange ratio (R) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) during a 5 minute treadmill run at 80% VO2 max. Subjects included four male and …

Students' Perception Of Teacher Expectation In A Co-Educational Physical Activity Class, Cari Robin Turner

Student Work

The purpose of this study was to determine if a gender difference exists between students perception of male and female teacher expectation. Student perceptions were determined by administering the Student Perception Inventory (SPI) developed by McBride (1990). Three high schools and five junior high schools which included 15 teachers participated in the study. All students who participated were enrolled in co-educational physical activity classes. All students were surveyed at the beginning of the class period. There were 363 students surveyed. Of the 363 students surveyed, 342 were considered usable. Analysis of the data included frequency and percentage of response, as …

The Historical Transformation Of Swimming Into A Modern Leisure Activity, Stephanie J. Haas

Student Work

The purpose of this study is to trace the transformation of swimming from its earliest appearance in the literature to its contemporary form as a modern leisure activity. The processes of rationalization, legitimation and democratization are examined in pre-industrial, industrial, and post-industrial societies.

An investigation of the available literature disclosed negative attitudes toward swimming during the Middle Ages which caused a decrease in expressive uses of swimming. After this period, swimming's acceptance as a legitimate leisure activity continued to increase through the industrial and post-industrial eras. The democratization of swimming seemed limited to societies on the coasts of large bodies …

The Effect Of A Weight Training Program On The Happiness Of Young Women, Natalie Dowty

Student Work

An increasing body of research indicates that exercise has some positive psychological effects. But few studies focus specifically on weight training as the treatment, or happiness as the dependent variable. Additionally, much research has focused on psychological state changes from immediately before, to immediately following a physical activity. Little has been reported on the relationship between weight training and general happiness over a longer period of time, (i.e. three to four months). The purpose of this study was: (a) to determine the effect of beginning and maintaining a regular weight training program on the happiness of previously sedentary women, (b) …

Running With Running Shoes Versus Barefoot Running: A Videographical Analysis, Nikolaos Stergiou

Student Work

The purpose of this study was to kinematically describe the movements of the lower extremities in running with running shoes and running barefoot. Another purpose of this study was to identify and compare the anatomical and mechanical adaptations that occur. Seven college age females, members of the University of Nebraska at Omaha cross-country team, and one local competitive long-distance female runner 27 yrs old, were subjects of this study. All subjects were free of any physical disability that could have caused an impaired performance.

All subjects completed one testing session consisting of three acceptable trials each with and without their …

The Effects Of An Employee Fitness Program On Absenteeism And Health Care Costs, Brian C. Bell

Student Work

Health care expenditures in the United States have continued to climb at an alarming rate. In 1982, health care expenditures accounted for nearly $322.4 billion of the gross national product (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1982). Health care expenditures are expected to consume nearly 12 percent of the nation's economic output by the year 1990, reaching nearly $756 billion in projected costs (Cullen and Towe, 1983). Although health care costs have climbed at an annual rate of less than 10 percent, these costs have continued to increase in the private sector, which currently absorbs one-fourth of the nation's …

The Effects Of An Aerobic Arm Cranking Program On Children With Myelomeningocele, Lisa L. Jacques

Student Work

The number of men and women with lower extremity disability is growing {Pollock, Miller, Linnerind, Laughridge, Coleman, and Alexander, 1974). A chief cause of this growth is an increase in the number of accidents damaging the spinal column (Pollock et al., 1974). However, many individuals are also born with these types of disabilities, and one of the causes is a disease termed spina bifida. Spina bifida occurs in about 3 per 1000 live births (Batshaw & Perret, 1981). The spine of children born with this defect is bifida and may be exposed, along with nervous tissue surrounding the area, on …

The Effect Of A Corporate Fitness Program On Worker Productivity, Joseph A. Leutzinger

Student Work

Other parts of the world, namely Europe and Asia, are out producing the United States. According to Steers & Porter (1987), the U.S. ranked sixth among seven leading industrial nations in productivity increases from 1968-1978. An unhealthy life-style is one factor causing decreased productivity in the U.S. (Cox, Shephard & Corey, 1981). Fitness level, work capacity, mental fatigue and stress are related to life-style and have an impact on productivity (Falkenberg, 1987). It is estimated that two-thirds of all businesses in the U.S. with fifty or more employees offer some type of health promotion program (McLemore & Dolzier, 1987). These …

Analysis Of Some Variations In Method Of Performing The Push-Up Among College Women, Clifford T. Mito

All Master's Theses

This study utilized 90 college women from Central Washington University to determine if there are significant differences in strength scores between Rowney Knees-on Push-up Method and three body position variations and cadences. The main outcome of this research reflected two significant differences between Rowney's method and body position and cadences. No significant differences were found between experimental body position variations and cadences. The results of this study confirm the hypothesis that changes in push-up technique may produce significant differences in strength scores.

Comparison Of Responses To Weight Training In Prepubescent And Adult Males, Margaret M. Sailors

Student Work

The effect of overload training on adults has been considered for thousands of years. Centuries before Christ, Milo of Crotona carried a calf on his back daily until the animal was full-grown, resulting in one of the earliest accounts of the overload principle (Bergan & Scoles, 1979). Results of overload training on adults have been well documented (Tanner, 1952; Hellebrandt & Houtz, 1958; Berger,1962a; 1962b; Rasch & Pierson, 1963; Berger & Hardage, 1967; Stull & Clark, 1970; Leighton, Holmes, Benson, Wooten & Schmerer, 1967; Wilmore, 1975; Gettman, Ward & Hager, 1982). However, how overload affects children and adolescents is barely …

A Comparison Of The Cardiorespiratory Responses Of Prepubescent Boys And Adult Men To Similar Exercise Programs, Mary Marlene Petratis

Student Work

The cardiorespiratory effects of exercise training in adults have been widely researched (26,39,53,56,57). Through training, the adult experiences an increase in maximum aerobic power (V 02 max), a decrease in resting and submaximum heart rate and an increase in maximum cardiac output (26,36,53,54,59,60). These physiological changes result in an increase in physical working capacity and an enhanced tolerance to all exercise workloads.

Factors contributing to the training effect in the adult include the intensity, the duration, and the frequency of exercise (1, 2). The recommended type of exercise involves activities which use large muscle groups of the body in a …

The Physiological And Physical Effects Of A Seven Week Summer Wrestling Camp On Experienced Prepubescent Wrestlers, Wade Hoyt Thomson

Student Work

Participation by children in competitive sports programs has increased considerably within the past 20 years, in part because of the increased number of competitive sports programs available for children (59). Fur­thermore, children are becoming increasingly involved at younger ages (48). Frequently, these programs are very physical, and actively compet­itive with little consideration given to how the children may respond or adapt to the strenuous exercise. It is tacitly assumed that children sports participants will experience the same physiological and physical benefits as would adult participants .

A Factor Analysis Of Physical Fitness Components For Seventh Grade Chinese Students, Chen-Hsing Huang

Masters Theses

The main purpose of this study is to explore the basic elements of physical fitness, which can serve as a source for the construction of a physical fitness test for Chinese students. The subjects of this study are 100 male seventh grade students of junior high school in Kaohsiung City, Republic of China.

A physical fitness test consisting of 29 subtests was devised and used as the basis for the investigation. Data collected from tests were analyzed by means of factor analysis and resulting in the following:

I. Seven basic elements that account for physical fitness were found. They were …

The Effects Of Three Stretching Techniques On Flexibility, Mark Edward Wortman

Student Work

According to deVries (11), flexibility is defined as the range of possible movement in a joint or series of joints. The assessment of flexibility is a concern for both physical education and. the medical professions·. Apparently, an adequate amount of flexibility is essential for rehabilitation from injury,.prevention of injury and superior athletic performance (2, 8, 11, 14, 15, 16, 19, 21, 25, 31, 37, 43, 45). Presently, three stretching techniques are available: 1) static or slow sustained; 2) ballistic or bounce; 3) pro­-prioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF). However, there appears to be no uniform agreement as to the best technique for …

Effect Of Diet On Aerobic Performance, Maureen Hall Fennerty

Student Work

Aerobic performance is affected by a number of physiological, psychological, sociological and environmental factors (Astrand, 1977). Among the many physiological factors nutrition plays an important part. However, when considering what constitutes a balanced diet, nutritionists express varying opinions as to what percentage of protein, fat and carbohydrate should be included for the general populace and the athlete. Mayer and Bullen (1960) in their review of literature on nutrition and athletic performance concluded a balanced diet is adequate for the athlete.

A Comparison Of Three Training Programs In Developing Cardiovascular Fitness In Untrained Women, Carol S. Hovey

Student Work

Interval training is defined by Fox and Mathews (1974) as a series of repeated bouts of exercise alternated with periods of rest or relief. Much research has been done comparing different intensities, durations, and work-relief ratios in interval training, and how these affect the development. of the various physiological systems of the body. Little, however, has been done to compare the development of aerobic power with the duration and intensity of the work interval varied, with frequency per week held constant. Research in this area has been especially limited using untrained women as subjects. Rosentswieg and Burrhus (1975) point out …

The Relationship Between Body Fat And Physical Well-Being Of Children, Aged Six To Thirteen, As Determined By Physical Activity And Physical Fitness, Paul Sieczkowski

Student Work

Body fat has several implications for an individual's physical well-being. Aside from its functional aspects as an energy reserve and as a thermal insulator, excess body fat has been related to an increased mortality rate (Dublin, 1930). Vitale (1973) and deVries (1974) emphasized that excess fat is associated with many degenerative diseases such as diabetes, gallstones, high blood pressure, and heart disease. Mayer (1953) noted that there might be seasonal changes in the body fat level due to changes in activity level. Johnson, Burke,, and Mayer (1956) traced the onset of obesity of most "late obesity" children to the winter …

The Effect Of Two Athletic Training Programs On Aerobic Capacity, Anaerobic Capacity, Reaction Time, And Percent Body Fat, Paul W. Petersen

Student Work

It is perhaps obvious that athletic teams, such as basketball and wrestling, use different conditioning pro­grams during the regular season of competition because of the nature of their sports. Although many coaches initiate particular programs and use them year after year, rarely do they have any definite measurements concerning the effects of the program on their athletes other than a win-loss record. To better understand the conditioning that takes place in various sports, in this study, several parameters of fitness were calculated-using the basketball and wrestling teams at the University of Nebraska at Omaha. The measurements will indicate the change …

The Effects Of A Calisthenic Exercise Program On Fourth Grade Elementary School Children, Toby Bedford

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

A Comparison Of The Effectiveness Of Three Different Teaching Methods Upon The Learning Of Beginning Badminton Skills, Helen H. Tedder

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this investigation was to compare the effectiveness of the traditional (T.), programmed with loop films to present skills (P.), and traditional with the Video Tape Recorder (V.T.R.) methods of instruction upon learning and retention of beginning badminton skills. Three beginning coed badminton classes at Old Dominion University were randomly assigned to one of the three treatments. A pre-test measuring skills by means of the Stalter wall volley test, French clear test and French short serve test at the beginning of instruction, a post-test measuring skills by the same three tests and a retention-test consisting of the same …

Effect Of Speed Of Muscle Contraction On Strength Improvement, Terry Alan Dieckhoff

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

A Study Of The Validity Of Two Indirect Predictors Of Maximal Oxygen Uptake, Robert V. Sedik

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

A Comparative Study Of Beginning Swimming Techniques, Stephen C. Meyer

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Physical Fitness Activities For Latter-Day Saint Missionaries, Robert R. Hughes

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to construct a physical fitness program for the needs of full-time missionaries of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Two groups, a control and experimental, were selected from the missionaries entering the Language Training Mission on February 16, 1972. The experimental group, consisting of thirty-two subjects, participated in a structured physical fitness class for seven weeks. The control group, consisting of twenty students, participated in no structured program. Each group took a pre- and post-test consisting of four strength factor tests and Cooper's twelve-minute run.

Findings of the study suggested no significant …

The Influence Of Selected Individuals On The Acquisition Of Fundamental Motor Skills Of Girls, Laura Susan Clapp

All Master's Theses

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of selected individuals on the acquisition of fundamental motor skills of girls. Specific problems were: 1. To develop a device for measuring influences exerted by selected individuals. 2. To measure fundamental motor skills. This study was limited to all ninth grade girls attending Arroyo High School in San Lorenzo, California. This study was limited to one administration of the questionnaire and one administration of the motor ability test per girl.

A Comparison Of The Perceptual And Motor Abilities Of Learning Disabled And Normal Students At Ages Eleven And Twelve, Rachel Adams Thompson

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

No abstract.

A Study Designed To Establish Norms For The Marine Corps Physical Fitness Test Utilizing Somatotypes, Dean A. Blevins

All Master's Theses

The purpose of this study is to develop norms for the Marine Corps Physical Fitness Test in each somatotype classification as determined by the Heath-Carter anthropometric measurement. At the present time, norms exist only for the group as a whole which is comprised mainly of mesomorphs. This, of course, results in a great many endomorphs who score poorly, or not at all, and some ectomorphs who also do poorly. It is proposed that endomorphs, ectomorphs, and mesomorphs should each have their own norms.

The Effect Of Selected Motor Activities On The Social Adjustment And Motor Educability Of Educable Mentally Handicapped Children, Valerie S. Twenter

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Coaching And Training Of Junior College Distance Runners, Eldon Claude Odle

Graduate Student Research Papers

The purpose of this study was to investigate the theories, techniques, and methods of training and coaching of distance runners. To do this, the ideas advanced by the leading authorities in the field will be investigated and an attempt will be made to formulate a usable program for the development of college freshman and sophomore distance runners.

The Effect Of Gymnastic Routines On Blood Pressure And Pulse Rate, Robert Ferguson

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.