Kinesiology Commons^™

The Relationship Between Muscular Power And Functional Fitness Among Older Adults, Corinne A. Parkins

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

The purpose of the study was to determine whether functional fitness is a good predictor of average and peak muscular power among adults over the age of 65. The 30-second chair stand and 8-foot-up-and-go test were used to define functional fitness and were administered to 57 older adults. Muscular power output was measured using the Tendo Weightlifting Analyzer during 5 chair stands. Relative average and peak power were used in the analyses. An independent t-test was run on all variables to distinguish differences between men and women, and multiple regression analyses were performed to detect the relationship between the two …

Effect Of Weight Support On Tibial Accelerations During A Lower-Body Positive Pressure Treadmill Cadence Controlled Run, Brendan J. Rickert, Matthew F. Moran, Beau K. Greer

Exercise Science Faculty Publications

Running in a lower-body positive pressure treadmill (LBPP-TM) is utilized for athletes to maintain fitness while recovering from tibial stress fracture. Previous investigations report that step rate is linearly related to level of body weight (BW) support and tibial accelerations (TA) is not significantly reduced until

Comparison Of Sweat Rates And Sweat Electrolyte Concentrations In Collegiate Male And Female Athletes With And Without A History Of Cramping, Brittany Cherie Willard

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

The purpose of this study was to explore the two main theories of muscle cramping by comparing sweat rate and sweat-electrolyte concentrations of athletes with a reported history of exercise associated muscle cramping (EAMC) to those with minimal cramping history to provide a potential link between sodium deficiency/sweat rate and EAMCs. The methodological consistency of analyses between two separate processes was also evaluated.

How Functional Fitness Relates To Muscular Power Among Older Adults, Jessica Mae Moix

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses

The current study examined the relationship between functional fitness measures and muscular power among older adults. A 30-second chair stand test, 10-meter habitual walking test, and an 8-foot up-and-go test were all used as measures of functional fitness and muscular power was measured by Tendo analysis. The purpose of this study was to determine what aspects of functional fitness were associated with muscular power while then provide evidence that functional fitness can predict muscular power among older adults. Fifty-seven participants over 65 years old completed both the functional fitness and muscular power measures. Three separate correlations between functional fitness measures …

Self Myofascial Release: Effects On Hamstring Range Of Motion And Torque, Dillion F. Evans

Honors Theses

Research has indicated that static stretching may reduce force production capabilities. This has led many practitioners to exchange static stretching for alternative methods of increasing range of motion (ROM) in warm-ups. Despite having little research to support its use, self myofascial release—foam rolling—has been suggested as a viable alternative (Macdonald et al, 2013). The objective of this study was to determine how self myofascial release (SMR) of the hamstring muscle group affects ROM and torque production capabilities of the hamstring muscle group. Ten subjects (age 26.5 6.5 years, mass 74.412.1 kg, height 1738 cm) were recruited. A within subjects randomized, …

Physiological Responses At The Critical Heart Rate During Treadmill Running, Haley Bergstrom

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The purposes of this study were to: 1) determine if the critical heart rate (CHR) model for cycle ergometry can be applied to treadmill running; and 2) examine the times to exhaustion (T_lim) as well as the VO₂, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), electromyographic amplitude (EMG AMP) and mean power frequency (MPF) responses during constant heart rate (HR) runs at CHR-5 b·min^-1 (CHR-5), CHR, and CHR+5 b·min^-1 (CHR+5). Thirteen runners performed an incremental treadmill test to exhaustion. On separate days, 4 constant velocity runs to exhaustion were performed. The total number of heart beats …

The Acute Effects Of Different Blood Flow Restriction Settings On Blood Lactate, Electromyography And Leg Strength During Bilateral Knee Extensions, Guillermo Eduardo Perez

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

The current protocols being used for Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) exercise did not examine the effects of different Initial Restrictive Pressures (pressure applied to limb by cuff prior to inflation, IRP) during design. There are several research articles highlighting the importance of IRP and how it can create variability in results. Therefore it is necessary to evaluate the current BFR protocol against different IRP in order to determine reliability. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of different blood flow restriction setting on 1) the level of blood lactate production, 2) neuromuscular activation (the changes …

Effects Of Tens On Voluntary Quadriceps Activation And Vertical Ground Reaction Force During Walking In Subjects With Experimental Knee Pain, Seong Jun Son

Theses and Dissertations

Context: Knee pain is a common symptom in knee pathology and is associated with alterations in quadriceps activation and movement patterns. Reducing pain through intervention may help reestablish neuromuscular function. The independent effects of knee pain are difficult to examine and unclear. Objective: To investigate the effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on quadriceps activation and vertical ground reaction force (VGRF) during walking. Design: Crossover. Setting: Laboratory. Subjects: 15 in the TENS group (10M and 5F, 23.5 ± 2.8 yrs, 70.5 ± 12.5 kg, 178.1 ± 7.4 cm), and 15 in the sham group (10M and 5F, 22.5 ± …

The Influence Of Ambulation Speed And Corresponding Mechanical Variables On Articular Cartilage Metabolism, W. Matt Denning

Theses and Dissertations

During ambulation, lower-extremity joint angles and net moments influence knee joint load. It is unclear which mechanical variables most strongly correlate with acute articular cartilage (AC) catabolism in response to ambulation. Purpose: To determine which mechanical variables are most strongly correlated to acute AC catabolism, and to test the acute effect of ambulation speed on AC catabolism, while controlling for load frequency. Methods: 18 able-bodied subjects (9 male, 9 female; age = 23 ± 2 y; mass = 68.3 ± 9.6 kg; height = 1.70 ± 0.08 m) completed three separate ambulation sessions: slow (preferred walking speed), medium (+50% of …

Intensity Of Exercise And Endothelial Function In Healthy Adults, Jacquelyn R. Moxey

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

PURPOSE: To examine the effects of acute bouts of isocaloric exercise at different intensities on endothelial function. The flow-mediated dilation (FMD) responses after the different acute exercise bouts were compared to a control (no exercise) condition. METHODS: Nine healthy subjects completed the study (6 males, 3 females, X ± SD = 24 ± 5 yr, 1.75 ± 0.11 m, 79.2 ± 12.4 kg, 47.9 ± 6.9 mL•kg^-1•min^-1). Vascular responses were compared under three different conditions- HIT: a bout of high-intensity interval treadmill exercise consisting of ten 1-minute intervals at ~100% VO_2max; MOD: moderate-intensity exercise …

The Perceived Demands Of Crossfit, Bryanne N. Bellovary

All NMU Master's Theses

Rhabdomyolysis is the breakdown of muscle tissue causing myoglobin, creatine kinase, and other intracellular proteins and electrolytes to leak into circulation, disrupting cell homeostasis. Exertional rhabdomyolysis (ER) occurs after extremely rigorous physical training that could include high amounts of strenuous eccentric exercise. There has been an increase in reports for mild to severe ER as well as other musculoskeletal injuries as the popularity of extreme conditioning programs (e.g., CrossFit®) increases. Therefore, the main purposes of this investigation were to identify: primary risk factors associated with ER during CrossFit®, CrossFit® workouts that might induce a higher risk for the development of …

Defining The "Dose" Of Altitude Training: How High To Live For Optimal Sea Level Performance Enhancement, Robert F. Chapman, Trine Karlsen, Geir K. Resaland, R. L. Ge, Matthew P. Harber, Sarah Witkowski, James Stray-Gundersen, Benjamin D. Levine

Exercise and Sport Studies: Faculty Publications

Defining the "dose" of altitude training: how high to live for optimal sea level performance enhancement. J Appl Physiol 116: 595-603, 2014. First published October 24, 2013; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00634.2013.-Chronic living at altitudes of 2,500 m causes consistent hematological acclimatization in most, but not all, groups of athletes; however, responses of erythropoietin (EPO) and red cell mass to a given altitude show substantial individual variability. We hypothesized that athletes living at higher altitudes would experience greater improvements in sea level performance, secondary to greater hematological acclimatization, compared with athletes living at lower altitudes. After 4 wk of group sea level training and …

Thermoregulatory, Cardiovascular, And Perceptual Responses To Intermittent Cooling During Exercise In A Hot, Humid Outdoor Environment, Michelle A. Cleary, Michelle G. Toy, Rebecca M. Lopez

Athletic Training Faculty Articles and Research

Decreasing core body temperature during exercise may improve exercise tolerance, facilitate acclimatization, and prevent heat illness during summer training. We sought to evaluate the effectiveness of intermittent superficial cooling on thermoregulatory, cardiovascular, and perceptual responses during exercise in a hot humid environment. We used a randomized, counterbalanced, repeated measures investigation with 2 conditions (control and cooling) during exercise and recovery outdoors on artificial turf in a hot, humid tropical climate in the sun (wet bulb globe temperature outdoors [WBGTo], 27.0 6 0.88 C; range, 25.8–28.18 C) and in the shade (WBGTo, 25.4 6 0.98 C; range, 24.3–26.88 C). Participants were …

The Acute Effects Of Whole-Body Corrective Exercise On Postural Alignment, Nicole Renee Rencher

Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the acute effects of whole-body corrective exercise on postural alignment in a sample of 50 male participants (18-30 y) displaying asymmetrical postural deviations. All participants were randomly assigned to either a non-exercise control (n = 25) or corrective exercise treatment (n = 25) group. A three-dimensional motion analysis Vicon system was employed to quantify standing postural alignment at the beginning and end of a 6 d study. Postural misalignments were determined in degrees of symmetry (tilt) and rotation using horizontal and vertical virtual plumb lines for the following locations: hip (ASIS), leg (greater trochanter), shoulder (acromion process), …

The Effect Of Interval Training On Resting Blood Pressure, Camilla May Nielson

Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: An experimental study to examine the effects of CardioWaves interval training (IT) and continuous training (CT) on resting blood pressure, resting heart rate, and mind-body wellness. Methods: Fifty-two normotensive (blood pressure <120/80 mmHg), pre-hypertensive (120-139/80-89 mmHg), and hypertensive (>140/90 mmHg) participants were randomly assigned and equally divided between the IT and CT groups. Both groups participated in the assigned exercise protocol thirty minutes per day, four days per week for eight weeks. Resting blood pressure, resting heart rate, and mind-body wellness were measured pre- and post-intervention. Results: A total of 47 participants (15 females and 32 males) were included in the analysis. The IT group had …

Achilles Tendon Changes In Downhill, Level And Uphill Running, Katy Andrews Neves

Theses and Dissertations

In this study, we examined how hill running affects the Achilles tendon, which is a common location for injuries in runners. Twenty females ran for 10 min on three randomly selected grades (-6%, 0%, +6%). Achilles tendon (AT) cross-sectional area (CSA) was imaged using Doppler ultrasound and peak vertical forces were analyzed using high-speed (240 Hz) videography. A metabolic cart and gas analyzer ensured a similar metabolic cost across grades. Data were analyzed using a forward selection regression. Results showed a decrease in AT CSA from pre-run to post-run (p = .0001). Peak vertical forces were different across grades (p …

Effect Of Fontan Fenestration On Regional Venous Oxygen Saturation During Exercise: Further Insights Into Fontan Fenestration Closure, Rohit S. Loomba, Michael E. Danduran, Jennifer E. Dixon, Rohit P. Rao

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Fontan fenestration closure is a topic of great debate. The body of data regarding the risks and benefits of fenestration closure is limited yet growing. Previous studies have demonstrated that Fontan patients have less exercise capacity than those with normal cardiovascular anatomy. Differences also have been noted within various subgroups of Fontan patients such as whether Fontan is fenestrated or not. This study aimed to compare trends in regional oxygen saturations using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in patients with Fontan circulations during ramping exercise to further delineate differences between patients with and without a fenestration. It was hypothesized that Fontan patients …

Beyond Basic Exercise Guidelines: Is Sitting Really The New Smoking?, Mary Stenson

Forum Lectures

The "Just Stand" movement has recently gained a foothold at CSB|SJU with the addition of sit-stand workstations in Clemens Library, Murray Hall, and several faculty and staff offices. Researchers have been studying "sitting disease," more formally termed sedentary physiology, for over a decade and have begun to conclude that simply meeting exercise guidelines is not enough to reduce risk for chronic diseases. An individual can be physically active and lead a sedentary lifestyle. The two are not mutually exclusive. The average American adult, even those who meet the general exercise guidelines, spends 55% of their waking hours sedentary. Sedentary behaviors …

Feasibility And Acceptability Of An Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Intervention: Results From The Healthy Homes, Healthy Families Pilot Study, Akilah Dulin Keita, Patricia M. Risica, Kelli L. Drenner, Ingrid Adams, Gemma Gorham, Kim M. Gans

Faculty Publications

Background. This study examined the feasibility and acceptability of a home-based early childhood obesity prevention intervention designed to empower low-income racially/ethnically diverse parents to modify their children’s health behaviors. Methods. We used a prospective design with pre-/posttest evaluation of 50 parent-child pairs (children aged 2 to 5 years) to examine potential changes in dietary, physical activity, and sedentary behaviors among children at baseline and four-month follow-up. Results. 39 (78%) parent-child pairs completed evaluation data at 4-month follow-up. Vegetable intake among children significantly increased at follow-up (0.54 cups at 4 months compared to 0.28 cups at baseline, 𝑃 …

Examination Of Two Hydration Protocols During Simulated Forced Marching Under Acute Heat Stress, David Alan Cottrill

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The purpose of this study was to identify and compare the effects of ingesting either water or 6% solution of carbohydrates, electrolytes, and water on hydration status during simulated military road marching in hot environmental conditions. Five volunteer male subjects completed two 60 minute experimental trials exercising at a high intensity (RER .90-.95) in an improvised environmental chamber (29.7 ^{_{+ or -}} .18^oC, 11.3 + or - 2.13% relative humidity) in full army combat uniform carrying 18.18kg of equipment. Random assignment of either water or solution was completed prior to trial 1, and consumption of the unselected protocol …

Obesity-Related Hormones And Metabolic Risk Factors: A Randomized Trial Of Diet Plus Either Strength Or Aerobic Training Versus Diet Alone In Overweight Participants, Allan Geliebter, Christopher N. Ochner, Carl L. Dambkowski, Sami A. Hashim

Lander College of Arts and Sciences Publications and Research

There is debate about the additive effects of exercise in conjunction with diet to treat obesity, and not much is known about the differential effects of strength versus aerobic training. This randomized controlled trial examined the effects of diet plus strength training, diet plus aerobic training, or diet only on metabolic risk factors associated with obesity. Eighty-one overweight and obese participants completed the 8-week intervention. All participants received an energy-restrictive formula diet with an energy content based on 70% of measured resting metabolic rate (RMR). Participants assigned to an exercise group trained 3 days/week under supervision. Anthropometrics and fasting hormones …

A Community-Based Exercise Intervention Transitions Metabolically Abnormal Obese Adults To A Metabolically Healthy Obese Phenotype, Lance C. Dalleck, Gary Van Guilder, Tara B. Richardson, Donald L. Bredle, Jeffery M. Janot

Health and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

Background: Lower habitual physical activity and poor cardiorespiratory fitness are common features of the metabolically abnormal obese (MAO) phenotype that contribute to increased cardiovascular disease risk. The aims of the present study were to determine 1) whether community-based exercise training transitions MAO adults to metabolically healthy, and 2) whether the odds of transition to metabolically healthy were larger for obese individuals who performed higher volumes of exercise and/or experienced greater increases in fitness. Methods and results: Metabolic syndrome components were measured in 332 adults (190 women, 142 men) before and after a supervised 14-week community-based exercise program designed to reduce …

Comparison Of Kinematics And Accuracy Of Overhand American Football Throwing, Randall L. Jensen

Conference Papers in Published Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Longitudinal Effects Of Parental, Child And Neighborhood Factors On Moderate-Vigorous Physical Activity And Sedentary Time In Latino Children, Nancy F. Butte, Steven E. Gregorich, Jeanne M. Tschann, Carlos Penilla, Lauri A. Pasch, Cynthia L. De Groat, Elena Flores, Julianna Deardorff, Louise C. Greenspan, Suzanna M. Martinez

School of Education Faculty Research

Background: Moderate-vigorous physical activity (%MVPA) confers beneficial effects on child musculoskeletal health, cardiovascular fitness, and psychosocial well-being; in contrast, sedentary time (%SED) is emerging as a risk factor for health. This study aimed to identify parental, child and neighborhood factors influencing longitudinal assessments of body mass index (BMI) and activity patterns among Latino children, and to estimate lagged and cross-lagged effects between child BMI, %MVPA and %SED.

Methods: A longitudinal design with assessments at baseline, 1 and 2 years follow-up (FU) was used to evaluate the effects of maternal and paternal factors (BMI, age, education level, acculturation, household income and …

Short And Long-Term Lifestyle Coaching Approaches Used To Address Diverse Participant Barriers To Weight Loss And Physical Activity Adherence, Elizabeth M. Venditti, Judith Wylie-Rosett, Linda M. Delahanty, Lisa L. Mele, Mary A. Hoskin, Sharon Edelstein

GW Biostatistics Center

Background

Individual barriers to weight loss and physical activity goals in the Diabetes Prevention Program, a randomized trial with 3.2 years average treatment duration, have not been previously reported. Evaluating barriers and the lifestyle coaching approaches used to improve adherence in a large, diverse participant cohort can inform dissemination efforts.

Methods

Lifestyle coaches documented barriers and approaches after each session (mean session attendance = 50.3 +/- 21.8). Subjects were 1076 intensive lifestyle participants (mean age = 50.6 years; mean BMI = 33.9 kg/m2; 68% female, 48% non-Caucasian). Barriers and approaches used to improve adherence were ranked by the percentage of …

Development And Psychometric Evaluation Of A Post Exercise Exhaustion Scale Utilising The Rasch Measurement Model, Mark D. Hecimovich, Jeremiah J. Peiffer, Allen G. Harbaugh

Faculty Publications

Objectives: The objective of this study to report on the development and psychometric analysis of a scale to measure post exercise exhaustion.

Design: This study utilised the Rasch measurement model for the psychometric analysis of a new scale aimed at measuring acute onset exhaustion in athletes.

Method: An extensive literature review, feedback from athletes and an expert panel from educators in psychology, sports science and exercise physiology provided feedback on the scale, providing evidence of content validity. A final survey, consisting of the 25 items and completed by three hundred and seventynine athletes (Sport: 187 tri-athletes and 192 cyclists; gender: …

Assessing Function And Endurance In Adults With Spinal And Bulbar Muscular Atrophy: Validity Of The Adult Myopathy Assessment Tool., Michael O. Harris-Love, Lindsay Fernandez-Rhodes, Galen Joe, Joseph A. Shrader, Angela Kokkinis, Alison La Pean Kirschner, Sungyoung Auh, Cheunju Chen, Li Li, Ellen Levy, Todd E. Davenport, Nicholas A. Di Prospero, Kenneth H. Fischbeck

Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Publications

Purpose. The adult myopathy assessment tool (AMAT) is a performance-based battery comprised of functional and endurance subscales that can be completed in approximately 30 minutes without the use of specialized equipment. The purpose of this study was to determine the construct validity and internal consistency of the AMAT with a sample of adults with spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA).

Methods. AMAT validity was assessed in 56-male participants with genetically confirmed SBMA (mean age, 53 ± 10 years). The participants completed the AMAT and assessments for disease status, strength, and functional status. Results. Lower AMAT scores were associated with longer …

Disparities In The Consequences Of Sarcopenia: Implications For African American Veterans, Michael O. Harris-Love, Bernadette Adams, Haniel J. Hernandez, Loretta Dipietro, Marc R. Blackman

Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

What Parents Think About Giving Nonnutritive Sweeteners To Their Children: A Pilot Study, Allison C. Sylvetsky, Mitchell Greenberg, Xiongce Zhao, Kristina I. Rother

Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Publications

Objective. To evaluate parental attitudes toward providing foods and beverages with nonnutritive sweeteners (NNS) to their children and to explore parental ability to recognize NNS in packaged foods and beverages.

Methods. 120 parents of children ≥ 1 and ≤18 years of age completed brief questionnaires upon entering or exiting a grocery store. Parental attitudes toward NNS were assessed using an interviewer-assisted survey. Parental selection of packaged food and beverages (with and without NNS) was evaluated during a shopping simulation activity. Parental ability to identify products with NNS was tested with a NNS recognition test.

Results. Most parents (72%) disagreed …

Changes In Running Gait Parameters During A 161 Km Trail Race, Randall L. Jensen, Scott Drum

Conference Papers in Published Proceedings

No abstract provided.