Kinesiology Commons^™

The Regulation Of Glycoprotein130 Dependent Inflammatory Cytokines One Basal And Mechanical Stimuli Induced Protein Synthesis In Myotubes And Skeletal Muscles, Song Gao

Theses and Dissertations

Maintaining skeletal muscle mass has a well-documented role in health and quality of life. Two members of IL-6 family of cytokines, IL-6 and LIF, and have a paradoxical role in skeletal muscle mass regulation: short term elevation of IL-6 and LIF plays a key role in mechanical stimuli induced muscle growth and muscle hypertrophy, while the long term elevated IL-6 and LIF regulate muscle wasting during cancer cachexia by disrupting muscle protein turnover regulation. The regulation of muscle protein synthesis is an important determinant of mechanical stimuli induced muscle hypertrophy and muscle wasting during cancer cachexia. IL-6 family of cytokines …

Muscle Inflammatory Signaling Regulates Eccentric Contraction-Induced Protein Synthesis During Cancer Cachexia, Justin Perry Hardee

Theses and Dissertations

Cancer-related cachexia is a complex metabolic syndrome that involves the unintentional loss of skeletal muscle mass that cannot be reversed by standard nutritional intervention. Skeletal muscle mass depletion directly impacts patient survival and life quality, and therefore treatments that preserve muscle mass and function may have significant implications for cancer patient treatment and survival. Systemic and muscle inflammation has been implicated in the regulation of skeletal muscle homeostasis, and the cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) and muscle gp130 receptor signaling have established roles in cancer-induced muscle wasting. Resistance exercise is a nonpharmacological treatment that can improve physical function and metabolic health in …

Comparative Effectiveness Of An Exercise And Sedentary Break Intervention On Mood Profile And Dietary Behavior In Young Adults: Pilot Study, Hannah Dau

Honors Theses

Exercise and sedentary behavior are both important subsets of PA (Physical Activity) to study, with emerging research demonstrating that sedentary behavior may predict mental health outcomes independent of PA. Additionally, a correlation has been observed between diet and PA, but few studies on this topic have employed an intervention design. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine whether changes in PA and sedentary behavior influence mood profile and dietary behavior. The PA intervention consisted of progressively increasing their vigorous-intensity PA (jogging) over a 4-week period among an inactive population. The sedentary group was asked not to exercise, but …

Physical Activity, Body Mass Index, And Clustered Metabolic Risk In U.S. Adolescents: 2007-2012 Nhanes., Bethany Dawn Williams

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Objectives: To examine variation in clustered metabolic risk (cMetS) in adolescents classified as not overweight/active (NOA), not overweight/not active (NONA), overweight/active (OA), and overweight/not active (ONA).

Background: While studies to date have shown that children and adolescents who meet the current physical activity (PA) recommendations and maintain a healthy body weight demonstrate significantly lower cardiometabolic risk, there are some studies that suggest the relationship between PA and metabolic risk may be mediated by adiposity.

Methods: The sample included adolescent participants (n=875; 12-17 years) of the 2007-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The cMetS score included triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein …

The Acute Effect Vibrating Foam Rollers Have On The Lower Extremities' Ability To Produce Power, Jared L. Klingenberg

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect that vibration through self-myofascial release in combination with a dynamic stretch routine had on maximum power output. Twenty-one collegiate volleyball athletes agreed to participate in the study. The design was a randomized cross-over design in which all participants served as their own control by participating in all three interventions, which consisted of; a) dynamic stretch routine (DS), b) non-vibrating foam rolling combined with dynamic stretch routine (NVFR), and c) vibrating foam rolling combined with dynamic stretch routine (VFR). The foam rolling protocol consisted of rolling each limb bilaterally for 30 …

The Effects Of Caffeine Supplementation When Manipulating The Time Of Ingestion Prior To Simulated Rugby Union Activity, Zachary William Bell

Online Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: Caffeine is a commonly used supplement, incorporated among athletes for enhancing sports specific performance via physiological and cognitive responses. Rugby is practiced worldwide, played by men and women, requiring varying physical and skill components. Although the effects of caffeine on sports performance have been heavily researched and scrutinized, a suitable time frame for caffeine ingestion prior to activity to elicit an ergogenic effect remains unclear.

Methods: Athletes from a women and men's university club rugby squad were recruited for this study (n=22). Athletes were measured for height, weight, body composition, and resting blood pressure. Body composition was measured utilizing …

The Effect Of Practical Blood Flow Restriction Training On Body Composition And Muscular Strength In College-Aged Individuals, Zachary R. Salyers

Online Theses and Dissertations

PURPOSE: To determine the effects of practical blood flow restriction training on body composition and muscular strength in college-aged individuals when compared to a traditional resistance training protocol. METHODS: This study consisted of two randomized groups, an experimental group (BFR), and a traditional resistance training (TRT) control group. The 9 subjects' characteristics were 8 males, 1 female; age: 22 ± 2 years; height: 175 ±7.6 centimeters; weight: 83.4±18.1 kg.; body fat percentage: 21±9%. All participants completed pre-testing measures of girth of both arms and legs, upper chest, and shoulders. Body composition was determined using air displacement plethysmography via BodPod (COSMED …

The Effects Of Depth Jump Implementation Of Sprint Performance In Collegiate And Club Sport Athletes, Ryan Bean

Online Theses and Dissertations

Introduction; Depth jumps (DJ) are popular high-intensity plyometric exercises typically reserved for highly-trained individuals. DJs cause an individual to undergo high amounts of stress during the eccentric and concentric phase. This extreme loading allows individuals to increase lower body strength and power output. Muscular strength and power have a transfer effect to sprint speed; however, few have examined if implementing DJs into training can increase sprint speed. Purpose; The purpose of this study was to determine if the implementation of DJs into a sprint training program would increase sprint speed more so than sprinting alone. Methods; 5 collegiate level and …

Reliability Of Doming And Toe Flexion Testing To Quantify Foot Muscle Strength, Sarah T. Ridge, J. William Myrer, Mark T. Olsen, Kevin Jurgensmeier, A. Wayne Johnson

Faculty Publications

Quantifying the strength of the intrinsic foot muscles has been a challenge for clinicians and researchers. The reliable measurement of this strength is important in order to assess weakness, which may contribute to a variety of functional issues in the foot and lower leg, including plantar fasciitis and hallux valgus. This study reports 3 novel methods for measuring foot strength – doming (previously unmeasured), hallux flexion, and flexion of the lesser toes.

The Effects Of Beetroot Juice On Vo2max And Blood Pressure During Submaximal Exercise, Jose M. Perez

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Supplementation with beetroot juice (BR) has been shown to reduce blood pressure (BP) at rest and improve several performance parameters during submaximal and maximal exercise. BR effects on BP during submaximal exercise have not been investigated. Furthermore, the effects of BR on VO₂max are inconclusive. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of BR on VO₂max and BP during submaximal exercise. 20 healthy, recreationally trained volunteers (age 21.8±2.35 years, weight 75.10±10.62 kg, height 177.4±6.39 cm) participated in this study, which had a double-blind placebo controlled randomized crossover design. Participants began supplementation with either …

Pengaruh Metode Uchikomi Dan Flexibility Terhadap Hasil Bantingan Pada Pejudo Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Suwarli Suwarli

Jurnal Keolahragaan

Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui: (1) perbedaan pengaruh antara metode uchikomi dengan menggunakan karet ban sepeda dan uchikomi jalan terhadap hasil bantingan judo, (2) perbedaan hasil bantingan antara pejudo yang memiliki flexibility tinggi dan flexibility rendah, dan (3) interaksi antara metode uchikomi dan flexibility terhadap hasil bantingan judo. Metode penelitian adalah eksperimen dengan rancangan faktorial 2 x 2. Populasi penelitian adalah pejudo D.I. Yogyakarta yang berjumlah 44 pejudo. Sampel penelitian ini 24 pejudo yang diambil dengan teknik Purposive Rondom Sampling. Data penelitian ini diperoleh melalui tes dan pengukuran. Instrumen penelitian adalah sit and reach dan Randori (dipertandingkan) selama tiga menit. Teknik …

Pengaruh Latihan Beban Dan Kekuatan Otot Terhadap Hypertrophy Otot Dan Ketebalan Lemak, Eko Sucipto, Widiyanto Widiyanto

Jurnal Keolahragaan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) perbedaan pengaruh antara latihan beban metode compound set dan circuit training, (2) perbedaan pengaruh kekuatan otot tinggi dan rendah,dan (3) interaksi antara metode latihan beban dan kekuatan terhadap hasil hypertrophy otot dan ketebalan lemak. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 56 members yang programnya hypertrophy otot dari Fitness Centre GOR FIK UNY dan Fitness Centre Club Arena Hotel Jayakarta Yogyakarta. Sampel yang berjumlah 28 members ditentukan dengan teknik Purposive Rondom Sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Analisis Varian (ANAVA). Hasil penelitian adalah: (1) ada perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan antara …

Pengaruh Metode Latihan Dan Persepsi Kinestetik Terhadap Keterampilan Groundstrokes Tenis Lapangan Pada Siswa Sd, Suryono Suryono

Jurnal Keolahragaan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) Perbedaan pengaruh antara metode demonstrasi dan metode audio visual terhadap keterampilan groundstrokes tenis lapangan, (2) Perbedaan pengaruh antara persepsi kinestetik terhadap keterampilan groundstrokes tenis lapangan, dan (3) interaksi metode latihan dan persepsi kinestetik terhadap keterampilan groundstrokes. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa SD Negeri Petinggen dan SD Negeri Terbansari yang berjumlah 75 siswa. Sampel penelitian 40 siswa ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan tes persepsi kinestetik dan keterampilan groundstrokes. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah horizontal liner space test dan memantulakan bola ke dinding. Teknik analisis data …

Il-15 Activates The Jak3/Stat3 Signaling Pathway To Mediate Glucose Uptake In Skeletal Muscle Cells, James E. Krolopp, Shantaé M. Thornton, Marcia J. Abbott

Health Sciences and Kinesiology Faculty Articles

Myokines are specialized cytokines that are secreted from skeletal muscle (SKM) in response to metabolic stimuli, such as exercise. Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a myokine with potential to reduce obesity and increase lean mass through induction of metabolic processes. It has been previously shown that IL-15 acts to increase glucose uptake in SKM cells. However, the downstream signals orchestrating the link between IL-15 signaling and glucose uptake have not been fully explored. Here we employed the mouse SKM C2C12 cell line to examine potential downstream targets of IL-15-induced alterations in glucose uptake. Following differentiation, C2C12 cells were treated overnight with 100 …

The Hemostatic Effects Of Acute Exposure To Colored Cornstarch Powder During A 5k Run, Robert C. Allsbrook

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

PURPOSE: To examine the acute hemostatic effects of particulate matter (PM) in the form of colored corn starch powder during a 5 kilometer race. METHODS: 10 recreationally active adults completed two 5k runs, one with color and one without color. 10 mL blood samples were taken 6 hours prior to the trial and immediately following the trial. PAI-1 activity, FVIII antigen, and tPA activity were measured using an ELISA. RESULTS: No significant main effects or interaction effects (P<0.05) were observed among any of the variables although a trend (P = 0.082) was observed for increased PAI-1 activity during exercise in the color condition. CONCLUSIONS: There is a trend towards increased PAI-1 activity levels during exercise during color runs that could be due to increased inflammation. Furthermore, the lack of increased FVIII:ag and tPA activity suggests that the intensity of the exercise may not have been adequate and further research should be conducted in this area.

The Effects Of Experimental Anterior Knee Pain On Bilateral Ground Reaction Forces During Running, Emily Rachel Cronk

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the independent effects of anterior knee pain (AKP) on bilateral ground reaction force (GRF) during running, with a focus on GRF applied to the uninvolved leg, which, prior to this study, had never been evaluated. Twelve volunteers completed three data collection sessions, that corresponded to one of three conditions (control, sham, and pain), in a counterbalanced order. For each session, subjects ran for five minutes. For the pain and sham sessions, respectively, hypertonic and isotonic saline were infused into the infrapatellar fat pad of the right leg during the running, while no …

Effects Of An 18- Week Strength, Conditioning, And Circuit Training Program On Weight Loss In A Middle Aged Adult Male, Aryeh D. Spingarn

Publications and Research

Aryeh Spingarn Queens College, City University of New York Department of Family, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, Effects of an 18-week strength, conditioning, and circuit training program on weight loss in a middle-aged male. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a strength, conditioning, and circuit training program on weight loss in a middle age adult. Methods: The subject participated in an 18-week strength and conditioning program 2 days per week for one hour per session, totaling 2 hours of training time per week. The first 12 weeks of the program included only strength training for …

Daily Variability Of Body Weight And Hydration Markers In Free Living Men And Women, Lynndee Grace Summers

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Body weight and hydration markers change greatly during strenuous exercise, especially in the heat. However, in a non-athletic population, changes in body weight and hydration markers may not be so obvious. It is important to classify the normal fluctuation of these measurements for future studies in order to delineate when an intervention results in a change outside of what can be expected during normal daily living. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe the normal fluctuations in body weight and urine hydration markers over the course of 29 days. METHODS: One-hundred two male and female participants, ranging from …

The Differences In Time To Stability, Foot Muscle Size, And Toe Flexor Strength Between Cheerleaders And Gymnasts, Kelsey Renee Garner

Theses and Dissertations

Context: There has been recent speculation that the intrinsic muscles of the foot may play a larger role in lower extremity control and injury than previously believed. Multiple studies have shown that certain intrinsic muscles increase in size and strength after transitioning to minimalist shoe running, theoretically decreasing injury risk. There are currently no studies that examine the effect that training barefoot has in other athletic populations. Objective: Our purpose was to compare the intrinsic and extrinsic foot muscle size and strength in gymnasts (who predominantly train barefoot) and cheerleaders (who predominantly train shod). Another purpose was to measure time …

Running Decreases Knee Intra-Articular Cytokine And Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Concentrations: A Pilot Study, Robert D. Hyldahl, Alyssa Evans, Sunku Kwon, Sarah T. Ridge, Eric Robinson, J. Ty Hopkins, Matthew K. Seeley

Faculty Publications

Introduction Regular exercise protects against degenerative joint disorders, yet the mechanisms that underlie these benefits are poorly understood. Chronic, low-grade inflammation is widely implicated in the onset and progression of degenerative joint disease.

Purpose To examine the effect of running on knee intra-articular and circulating markers of inflammation and cartilage turnover in healthy men and women.

Methods Six recreational runners completed a running (30 min) and control (unloaded for 30 min) session in a counterbalanced order. Synovial fluid (SF) and serum samples were taken before and after each session. Cytokine concentration was measured in SF and serum using a multiplexed …

Barriers, Motivations, And Preferences For Physical Activity Among Female African American Older Adults, Neha P. Gothe, Bradley J. Kendall

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, less than 11% of adults more than the age of 65 meet the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans. Among minority populations, only 5% of non-Hispanic Black older adults met the guidelines. Given our limited understanding of psychosocial and environmental factors that affect physical activity participation in these groups, the purpose of our focus groups was to investigate barriers, motivators, and preferences of physical activity for community-dwelling African American older adults. Three focus groups were conducted with female African American older adults (N = 20). Questions posed to each focus group …

Putting The Athletic Back In The Trainer, Shelby L. Davis

Posters-at-the-Capitol

Athletic Training Students are taught about the benefits of physical activity and how to create specific exercise programs to maintain overall wellness. Although athletic training students have knowledge about the positive effects of physical activity, they continually score lower on activity level scales when compared with the average college student. A rigorous course schedule and long clinical hours seem to be a common factor that play into the poor health habits of the athletic training student. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the variables that negatively affect the exercise habits of undergraduate athletic training students.

Students from …

Active Science® Pilot Study: Promoting Physical Activity And Science Learning Among Children, Kevin E. Finn, Zi Yan, Edward Martin, Kyle Mcinnis

Health Sciences Faculty Publications

Background: Afterschool programs (ASPs) have been identified as ideal settings where children can accumulate a significant portion of their total daily physical activity (PA). The purpose of the current study was to assess the effectiveness of the Active Science program in promoting PA and science learning in different site locations across the U.S. Methods: Participants were 72 children (35 females, mean age = 9.2 years, standard deviation [SD] = 0.9) from five YMCA afterschool childcare sites located in five states. The 6-week Active Science program was implemented twice/week for 60 min at a site. The participants completed 30 min of …

Differences In Depression, Anxiety, And Life Satisfaction Between Intercollegiate Athletes, Intramural Participants, And Non-Athletes, Megan Wilson

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

It is widely supported that participation in athletics is positively correlated with increased overall health. However, some research indicates that participation in increased levels of competition is positively correlated with higher levels of depression and anxiety. This means, that if compared, athletes competing nationally or internationally would report higher levels of both depression and anxiety than athletes competing at the intercollegiate level. Research indicates that this could be caused by increased amounts of pressure, personal cost, and expectation.

This study examines potential differences between intercollegiate, intramural, and non-athletes in these areas on a college campus. The first hypothesis is that …

Pertinacity Volume 2 Issue 2, Yuri Hosokawa

Pertinacity

No abstract provided.

Associations Between Physical Activity, Physical Fitness, And Falls Risk In Healthy Older Individuals, Christopher Deane Vaughan

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess relationships between objectively measured physical activity, physical fitness, and the risk of falling. Methods: A total of n=29 subjects completed the study, n=15 male and n=14 female age (mean±SD)= 70± 4 and 71±3 years, respectively. In a single testing session, subjects performed pre-post evaluations of falls risk (Short-from PPA) with a 6-minute walking intervention between the assessments. The falls risk assessment included tests of balance, knee extensor strength, proprioception, reaction time, and visual contrast. The sub-maximal effort 6-minute walking task served as an indirect assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness. Subjects traversed a …

The Effect Of Acute Supplementation Of Sodium Bicarbonate And Caffeine On Anaerobic Running Performance, Kyle E. Witherbee

Theses

Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and caffeine are two sport supplements that have been widely explored for their possible ergogenic effects during exercise. Few studies have looked at sodium bicarbonate and caffeine supplementation together and no studies have included a running test.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of sodium bicarbonate and caffeine, both independent and synergistically, on a field-based intermittent sprint test.

Methods: Three men and 10 women, of recreational fitness level, completed this research study. On four separate visits, participants consumed a supplement solution in randomized order of 300mg/kg NaHCO3, 5mg/kg caffeine, 300mg/kg …

Effects Of Short‐Term Free‐Weight And Semi‐Block Periodization Resistance Training On Metabolic Syndrome, Mark A. South, Andrew S. Layne, N. Travis Triplett, William A. Sands, Satoshi Mizuguchi, W. Guy Hornsby, Ashley Kavanaugh, Michael H. Stone

ETSU Faculty Works

The effects of short-term resistance training on performance and health variables associated with prolonged sedentary lifestyle and metabolic syndrome (MS) were investigated. Resistance training may alter a number of health-related, physiological, and performance variables. As a result, resistance training can be used as a valuable tool in ameliorating the effects of a sedentary lifestyle including those associated with MS. Nineteen previously sedentary subjects (10 with MS and 9 with nonmetabolic syndrome [NMS]) underwent 8 weeks of supervised resistance training. Maximum strength was measured using an isometric midthigh pull and resulting force-time curve. Vertical jump height (JH) and power were measured …

The Aging Neuromuscular System And Motor Performance, Sandra K. Hunter, Hugo M. Pereira, Kevin Keenan

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Age-related changes in the basic functional unit of the neuromuscular system, the motor unit, and its neural inputs have a profound effect on motor function, especially among the expanding number of old (older than ∼60 yr) and very old (older than ∼80 yr) adults. This review presents evidence that age-related changes in motor unit morphology and properties lead to impaired motor performance that includes 1) reduced maximal strength and power, slower contractile velocity, and increased fatigability; and 2) increased variability during and between motor tasks, including decreased force steadiness and increased variability of contraction velocity and torque over …

Biomechanical Analysis Of Gait Termination In 11–17 Year Old Youth At Preferred And Fast Walking Speeds, Sarah T. Ridge, John Henley, Kurt Manal, Freeman Miller, James G. Richards

Faculty Publications

In populations where walking and/or stopping can be difficult, such as in children with cerebral palsy, the ability to quickly stop walking may be beyond the child’s capabilities. Gait termination may be improved with physical therapy. However, without a greater understanding of the mechanical requirements of this skill, treatment planning is difficult. The purpose of this study was to understand how healthy children successfully terminate gait in one step when walking quickly, which can be challenging even for healthy children. Lower extremity kinematic and kinetic data were collected from 15 youth as they performed walking, planned, and unplanned stopping tasks. …