Immunology and Infectious Disease Commons^™

Morphology Of The Synlophe And Genital Cone Of Parostertagia Heterospiculum (Trichostrongylidae) With Comments On The Subfamilial Placement Of The Genus, Eric P. Hoberg, J. Ralph Lichtenfels

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

The genus Parostertagia is referred to the Cooperiinae with reference to a suite of shared characters of the synlophe and genital cone postulated as derived homologies for the subfamily. The genus has traditionally been relegated to the Graphidiinae or Ostertagiinae, but unique structural attributes of the synlophe and genital cone indicate close affinities with the Cooperiinae. The synlophe of Parostertagia heterospiculum is characterized by a relatively low number of ridges in the cervical zone (16-20 at the excretory pore), a frontal axis of orientation, sequential increase in ridges posteriorly, lateral addition of ridges, minuscule lateral-most ridges and hypertrophy of specific …

Phylogeny, Historical Biogeography, And Ecology Of Anophryocephalus Spp. (Eucestoda: Tetrabothriidae) Among Pinnipeds Of The Holarctic During The Late Tertiary And Pleistocene, Eric P. Hoberg, Ann M. Adams

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Phylogenetic systematic analyses of Anophryocephalus spp. resulted in a single most-parsimonious cladogram (consistency index: 80%). Cladograms for pinniped hosts (phocids and otariids) and Anophryocephalus spp. were highly incongruent, corroborating a hypothesis for colonization as a dominant determinant of parasite diversification. Phoca (Pusa) spp. in the Atlantic basin are postulated as the initial hosts; range expansion for hosts and parasites into the Pacific basin through the Arctic (ca. 3.0-2.5 million years ago) was followed by radiation of Anophryocephalus spp. among Phoca spp. and subsequent colonization of otariids (Eumetopias jubatus as typical hosts; ca. 2.0 million years ago). Host …

Historical Ecology As A Research Program, Daniel R. Brooks, Deborah A. Mclennan

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Modern evolutionary biology is the descendant of two theories proposed by Darwin. First, all organisms are connected by common genealogy, and second, the form and function of organisms is closely tied to the environments in which they live. Of these two theories, the role of the first (phylogeny) in evolutionary explanations has been diminishing in some fields, most notably in ecology and ethology. However, the last ten years have witnessed the beginning of a reversal in this trend. With increasing frequency, ecologists (Wanntorp et aI., 1990; Maurer and Brooks, submitted), ethologists (Dobson, 1985; Huey and Bennett, 1987; Mclennan et aI., …

Coprolite Analysis: A Biological Perspective On Archaeology, Karl J. Reinhard, Baughn M. Bryant Jr

Karl Reinhard Publications

The most remarkable dietary remains recoverable from archaeological contexts are coprolites. Coprolites are desiccated or mineralized feces that are preserved in sheltered and open sites in arid regions, primarily in the New World. These dietary remains are remarkable from several perspectives. They typically contain a variety of macroscopic and microscopic remains that form interrelated data sets for the reconstruction of diets. Because contexts containing coprolites are typified by excellent preservation, the remains coprolites contain tend to be in better states of preservation than dietary remains recovered from nonfecal deposits. Coprolites also contain the well-preserved remains of intestinal parasites and pathogens …

Parasitology As An Interpretive Tool In Archaeology, Karl J. Reinhard

Karl Reinhard Publications

Parasitological studies of archaeological sites can be used to interpret past beh avior and living conditions. During the 1980s problem-oriented research into prehistoric- and h istorical-period parasitism developed and resulted in thefield of archaeoparasitology. A rchaeoparasitology attempts to integrate parasite data into archaeological theory and interpretation. Within the last decade,four major archaeoparasitologicallaboratories emerged. They developed interpretive frameworks that apply parasitological data to a remarkable variety of prehistoric beh aviors. Parasite remains can be used to reconstruct aspects of diet. health . and other behaviors such as transhumance and trade. Finally. analysis of the distribution of parasite remains can be used …

Vertebral Pathology In Prehistoric And Historic Skeletons From Northeastern Nebraska, Karin L. Sandness, Karl J. Reinhard

Karl Reinhard Publications

Vertebral pathology has long been a useful criterion for anthropologists in the assessment of activity patterns, stress, and general health of extinct peoples. This method of analysis, however, has never been applied to the peoples of the Nebraska Great Plains. This study is the first to concentrate on the indigenous Native Americans of this region, examining the spinal pathology present in the prehistoric and historic skeletal remains. Pathology present in the form of spondylolysis, Schmorl's nodes, osteophytosis (degenerative disc disease), and osteoarthritis (degenerative joint disease), provides evidence to suggest differing activity patterns and levels of stress in Plains groups before …

Dan Canyon Burial: A Piii Burial In Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, Steve Dominguez, Karl Reinhard, Kari L. Sandness, Cherie A. Edwards, Dennis Danielson, F. A. Calabrese, Chris Kincaid

Karl Reinhard Publications

The Dan Canyon burial was discovered at a time when the philosophy, ethics, and legislation concerning the study of human remains are in a state of flux. A number of important sensitive issues germane to managers, archeologists, and American Indians are discussed in the introduction. The subsequent analysis provides a detailed scientific account of these remains and a glimpse of a segment of a people's past lifeway while remaining sensitive to the wishes of the American Indians.

The burial and associated grave goods of site 42SA21339 were exposed by wave action in a location frequented by boaters at the Glen …