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Articles 121 - 150 of 349
Full-Text Articles in Immunology and Infectious Disease
Resolving The Repression Pathway Of Virulence Gene Hila In Salmonella, Alexandra King, Lon Chubiz Phd, Brenda Pratte, Lauren Daugherty
Resolving The Repression Pathway Of Virulence Gene Hila In Salmonella, Alexandra King, Lon Chubiz Phd, Brenda Pratte, Lauren Daugherty
Undergraduate Research Symposium
Salmonella is a relatively abundant, virulent species of bacteria that is most known for spreading gastrointestinal diseases through food. These illnesses result in approximately 1.35 million infections, including over 25,000 hospitalizations each year, in the U.S. alone (CDC.gov). As antibiotic resistance becomes an increasingly urgent public health problem, the importance of developing alternative treatment methods is only becoming more crucial. One of the genes responsible for this virulence is known as hilA. HilA is the main transcriptional regulator of Salmonella Pathogenicity Island-1 gene (UniProt). SPI-1 plays an important role in the invasion of Salmonella into epithelial cells. The proteins encoded …
Genomic Insights Into Mechanisms Of Microbial Evolution And Evolution-Inspired Strategies To Combat Pathogen Diversity, Saymon Akther
Genomic Insights Into Mechanisms Of Microbial Evolution And Evolution-Inspired Strategies To Combat Pathogen Diversity, Saymon Akther
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
We live in an era of emerging infectious diseases that are increasingly common, rapidly spreading, and gravely devastating. Lyme disease, caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Borreliella, is rapidly rising in the Northern Hemisphere because of geographic range expansion of both the tick vectors and the pathogens. Evolutionary comparative analysis of Borreliella genomes is a key to understanding the phylogeographic history and mechanisms of their global diversification. Moreover, genomic variations in Borreliella associated with human pathogenicity, e.g., at loci encoding cell-surface antigens interacting with the vertebrate hosts, have not been fully identified. Similarly, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, caused …
Heterogeneity Of Gene Expression In Peanut-Allergic Cells May Be Related To Differing Cell Subpopulations, Sophia R. Tekorius
Heterogeneity Of Gene Expression In Peanut-Allergic Cells May Be Related To Differing Cell Subpopulations, Sophia R. Tekorius
Honors Projects
Peanut allergies can have severe and life-threatening complications. By understanding the biology of individuals struggling with this disease, better treatments can be developed. This project explores the possibility of two phenotypically distinct cell types within CD154+ cell types in patients with peanut allergy. Previous studies show that there is a Th2 cell subpopulation associated with allergies, and within effector CD4+ memory populations two distinct phenotypes have been found. This project expands upon this research at the genetic level and through bioinformatic analyses, including the production of heatmaps, the project has found evidence for differing gene expression in two cell subpopulations. …
Why Plasmodium Vivax And Plasmodium Falciparum Are So Different? A Tale Of Two Clades And Their Species Diversities, Ananias A. Escalante, Axl S. Cepeda, M. Andreína Pacheco
Why Plasmodium Vivax And Plasmodium Falciparum Are So Different? A Tale Of Two Clades And Their Species Diversities, Ananias A. Escalante, Axl S. Cepeda, M. Andreína Pacheco
Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials
The global malaria burden sometimes obscures that the genus Plasmodium comprises diverse clades with lineages that independently gave origin to the extant human parasites. Indeed, the differences between the human malaria parasites were highlighted in the classical taxonomy by dividing them into two subgenera, the subgenus Plasmodium, which included all the human parasites but Plasmodium falciparum that was placed in its separate subgenus, Laverania. Here, the evolution of Plasmodium in primates will be discussed in terms of their species diversity and some of their distinct phenotypes, putative molecular adaptations, and host–parasite biocenosis. Thus, in addition to a current …
Genomic Tools And Models For Investigating The Role Of Germline Diversity In Mouse Antibody Repertoire Development., Justin T. Kos
Genomic Tools And Models For Investigating The Role Of Germline Diversity In Mouse Antibody Repertoire Development., Justin T. Kos
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Given the diversity and complexity within immunoglobulin (IG) loci, effective mouse models first require characterization of intra-strain differences and construction of high-quality reference assemblies for IG loci in several representative strains. To understand light chain germline diversity across biomedically significant mouse strains, we profiled the expressed IGK and IGL repertoires of 18 commonly used laboratory mouse strains using AIRR-seq. Across strains, we observed germline IGKV sequences shared by three different IGK haplotypes and a more conserved IGLV germline repertoire among common laboratory strains. Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) Single-Molecule Real-Time (SMRT) sequencing was used to sequence and assemble bacterial artificial chromosomes (BAC) …
Covid Susceptibility And Severity Correlation With The Ace2 Gene, Natalie Taylor
Covid Susceptibility And Severity Correlation With The Ace2 Gene, Natalie Taylor
Thinking Matters Symposium
A wide spectrum of susceptibility and severity of infection has been observed among COVID-19 patients. While some individuals remain unaffected by the Sars-Cov-2 virus, others have contracted the virus multiple times with varying levels of severity. This poster reviews some of the research demonstrating a link between the susceptibility of the Sars-Cov- 2 virus and the severity of infection, and a specific gene called ACE2. The ACE2 gene encodes an angiotensin-converting enzyme that acts as a functional receptor for the spike glycoprotein receptor binding domain of the coronavirus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses. ACE2 presents numerous amino acid variants …
Sars-Cov-2 Reveals That Chimeric Agents Are The Bioweapons Of The Future, Rachel Craig
Sars-Cov-2 Reveals That Chimeric Agents Are The Bioweapons Of The Future, Rachel Craig
Senior Honors Theses
Bioweapons programs have existed since their development during the Cold War. These biowarfare programs initially utilized naturally occurring pathogens capable of infecting crops, livestock populations, and human populations. Anthrax is a widely exploited bioagent responsible for attacks ranging from the Germans’ deployment in World War I to the mailing of anthrax through the postal service in attempts on U.S. senators’ lives. With the development of genetic manipulations, the Soviet Union began modifying anthrax to resist detection and treatment. With the continued advancement of science and technology, a new bioagent has entered the scene – the man-made chimeric virus. Chimeric viruses …
Genomic Analysis Of Metabolic Differences Found In Clostridium Perfringens That Cause Necrotic Enteritis In Poultry, Connor M. Aylor
Genomic Analysis Of Metabolic Differences Found In Clostridium Perfringens That Cause Necrotic Enteritis In Poultry, Connor M. Aylor
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Clostridium perfringens is a common member of gut microbiota in healthy animals, but can also be an important pathogen in human and veterinary medicine. It produces several protein toxins that contribute to both histotoxic and enteric diseases in animals. Necrotic enteritis in poultry has been associated with the NetB toxin of C. perfringens; however, this toxin alone is insufficient to cause disease in infected chickens. While considerable research has focused on the presence of toxins and virulence factors, little has been done to assess the function of metabolic factors on the ability of the bacteria to cause disease. …
Salicylic Acid And N-Hydroxypipecolic Acid At The Fulcrum Of The Plant Immunity-Growth Equilibrium, Alyssa Shields, Vanessa Shivnauth, Christian Danve M. Castroverde
Salicylic Acid And N-Hydroxypipecolic Acid At The Fulcrum Of The Plant Immunity-Growth Equilibrium, Alyssa Shields, Vanessa Shivnauth, Christian Danve M. Castroverde
Biology Faculty Publications
Salicylic acid (SA) and N-hydroxypipecolic acid (NHP) are two central plant immune signals involved in both resistance at local sites of pathogen infection (basal resistance) and at distal uninfected sites after primary infection (systemic acquired resistance). Major discoveries and advances have led to deeper understanding of their biosynthesis and signaling during plant defense responses. In addition to their well-defined roles in immunity, recent research is emerging on their direct mechanistic impacts on plant growth and development. In this review, we will first provide an overview of how SA and NHP regulate local and systemic immune responses in plants. We …
Identification Of A Novel Protein Interaction That Elucidates The Mechanism Of Idiopathic Recurrent Miscarriages In Women With Nlrp2 Mutations, Nayeon Son
Graduate Theses/Dissertations
The protein NOD-Like receptor pyrin domain containing 2 (NLRP2) is one member of a larger family of protein receptors that plays an important role in our innate immune system. In humans, the NLR family consists of 22 proteins. However, only about a half of NLRs’ functions are known, but many are pro-inflammatory, causing inflammation. NLRP2 has been identified to be a maternal effect gene regulating early embryo development in idiopathic recurrent miscarriages. In previous studies, mutations in the NLRP2 gene resulted in genetic maternal imprinting disorders due to NLRP2 regulating DNA methylation. However, the exact mechanisms involved in recurrent miscarriages …
Understanding The Impact Of Human Germline Single-Nucleotide Variants, Samuel Adjei
Understanding The Impact Of Human Germline Single-Nucleotide Variants, Samuel Adjei
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
All genetic variations in the human genome are due to mutations, and therefore determining the impact of the different categories of mutations, particularly nonsynonymous single nucleotide variants (SNVs) which are the most abundant in the population is essential for understanding the genetics of human diseases. Generations of mutation studies have focused on a relatively small number, partly due to technological limitations. However, advances in next-generation sequencing have allowed for empirical assessments of genome-wide mutations. genome sequence of any individual contains extensive protein-altering genetic variation (missense mutations) and of which only a few are unambiguously deleterious. Characterizing the phenotypes of these …
การตรวจหายีนดื้อยากลุ่ม Β-Lactams จากมูลสุกรโดยตรง ด้วยเทคนิค Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ร่วมกับ Lateral Flow Assay และเทคนิค Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction, นุชบา สุจันทา
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
สุกรเป็นอีกหนึ่งแหล่งกักเก็บเชื้อแบคทีเรียที่มียีนดื้อยาสร้างเอนไซม์ Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases (ESBLs) ซึ่งสามารถแพร่กระจายยีนดื้อยามาสู่มนุษย์ สัตว์ และสิ่งแวดล้อมได้ ในการศึกษานี้จึงได้พัฒนาการตรวจหายีนสร้างเอนไซม์ ESBLs จากมูลสุกรโดยตรง ด้วยเทคนิค Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR), mPCR-Lateral flow assay (mPCR-LFA) และเทคนิค Nested PCR (nPCR) เปรียบเทียบกับการตรวจจากเชื้อ ESBL-producing Escherichia coli ซึ่งเพาะแยกจากมูลสุกรตัวอย่างเดียวกัน ด้วยเทคนิค PCR-sequencing เชื้อ ESBL-producing E. coli จำนวน 149 isolates ที่เพาะแยกจากมูลสุกรทั้งหมด 139 ตัวอย่าง พบความชุกของยีนชนิด blaCTX-M-15 (34.2%) มากที่สุด รองลงมาคือ blaCTX-M-15+TEM-1 (17.5%) และ blaCTX-M-55+TEM-1 (13.4%) โดยเชื้อ ESBL-producing E. coli ส่วนใหญ่มีการดื้อยาหลายขนาน โดยดื้อต่อยา Ceftriaxone (100%), Cefotaxime (100%), Ciprofloxacin (31.5%) และ Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole (30.9%) ความไว ความจำเพาะ และขีดจำกัดของการตรวจจากเชื้อ ESBL-producing E. coli ด้วยเทคนิค mPCR-LFA เท่ากับ 100% และ 0.1-1 ng ตามลำดับ เทคนิค mPCR ที่พัฒนาขึ้น สำหรับตรวจจากมูลสุกรโดยตรง พบว่าต้องใช้ปริมาณเชื้อมากถึง 107 CFU จึงจะตรวจพบ โดยมีความไวในการตรวจยีน blaCTX-M และ blaTEM เท่ากับ 30.43% และ 87.65% ตามลำดับ ขีดจำกัดและความไวของการตรวจพบยีน blaCTX-M โดยตรง …
Rickettsial Pathogen Perturbs Tick Circadian Gene To Infect The Vertebrate Host, Supreet Khanal, Vikas Taank, John F. Anderson, Hameeda Sultana, Girish Neelakanta
Rickettsial Pathogen Perturbs Tick Circadian Gene To Infect The Vertebrate Host, Supreet Khanal, Vikas Taank, John F. Anderson, Hameeda Sultana, Girish Neelakanta
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Ixodes scapularis is a medically important tick that transmits several microbes to humans, including rickettsial pathogen Anaplasma phagocytophilum. In nature, these ticks encounter several abiotic factors including changes in temperature, humidity, and light. Many organisms use endogenously generated circadian pathways to encounter abiotic factors. In this study, we provide evidence for the first time to show that A. phagocytophilum modulates the arthropod circadian gene for its transmission to the vertebrate host. We noted a circadian oscillation in the expression of arthropod clock, bmal1, period and timeless genes when ticks or tick cells were exposed to alternate 12 h …
Genomic Approaches To Uncovering The Coevolutionary History Of Parasitic Lice [Review], Kevin P. Johnson
Genomic Approaches To Uncovering The Coevolutionary History Of Parasitic Lice [Review], Kevin P. Johnson
Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials
Next-generation sequencing technologies are revolutionizing the fields of genomics, phylogenetics, and population genetics. These new genomic approaches have been extensively applied to a major group of parasites, the lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) of birds and mammals. Two louse genomes have been assembled and annotated to date, and these have opened up new resources for the study of louse biology. Whole genome sequencing has been used to assemble large phylogenomic datasets for lice, incorporating sequences of thousands of genes. These datasets have provided highly supported trees at all taxonomic levels, ranging from relationships among the major groups of lice to those among …
การพัฒนาชุดตรวจออกซิไดซ์ไลโพโปรตีนชนิดความหนาแน่นสูง ด้วยเทคนิค Paper-Based Immunogold-Silver Enhancement Assay, ปิยวดี ประดิษฐ์นวกุล
การพัฒนาชุดตรวจออกซิไดซ์ไลโพโปรตีนชนิดความหนาแน่นสูง ด้วยเทคนิค Paper-Based Immunogold-Silver Enhancement Assay, ปิยวดี ประดิษฐ์นวกุล
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
ไลโพโปรตีนชนิดความหนาแน่นสูง (High-density lipoprotein; HDL) มีบทบาทสำคัญในการป้องกันการเกิดโรคหัวใจขาดเลือด ต้านการอักเสบของหลอดเลือด และยับยั้งการเกิด LDL-oxidation แต่การทำงานของ HDL จะสูญเสียไปเมื่อ HDL ถูกทำลายด้วยอนุมูลอิสระ กลายเป็น oxidized HDL (oxHDL) การวัดระดับ HDL-cholesterol เป็นการประเมินด้านปริมาณแต่ไม่สามารถบอกการทำงานของ HDL ได้ หากสามารถวัดระดับ oxHDL ควบคู่ไปกับระดับ HDL-cholesterol ทำให้การพยากรณ์การเกิดโรคหัวใจขาดเลือดได้แม่นยำขึ้น แต่การวิเคราะห์ระดับ oxHDL ต้องใช้เครื่องมือจำเพาะและน้ำยามีราคาสูง งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อพัฒนาชุดตรวจวิเคราะห์ oxHDL ด้วยหลักการ Paper-based Immunogold silver-enhanced assay โดยออกแบบฐานกระดาษมีลักษณะเดียวกับ microtiter plate ตรึงแอนติบอดีต่อ 4-Hydroxynonenal (anti-HNE) ซึ่งเป็นผลผลิตจากกรดไขมันที่ถูกออกซิไดซ์ oxHDL ในตัวอย่างจับกับ anti-HNE บนกระดาษ ใช้ anti-APO AI ที่มีความจำเพาะต่อ HDL ที่ติดฉลากกับอนุภาคของทองคำและขยายสัญญาณด้วย silver ion อ่านผลด้วยเครื่องสแกนและวิเคราะห์ความเข้มสีด้วยโปรแกรม Photoshop CS64 ผลการวิเคราะห์ความเป็นเส้นตรงระหว่าง oxHDL กับ ความเข้มสี พบว่า มีความสัมพันธ์เป็นเส้นตรงที่ความเข้มข้นตั้งแต่ 0-300 ng/mL ( r2 = 0.946) ผลการทดสอบความถูกต้องของชุดทดสอบ ใช้ซีรัมจำนวน 32 ราย วิเคราะห์ปริมาณ oxHDL ด้วยวิธีที่พัฒนาขึ้นและวิธี Sandwich ELISA หาความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างปริมาณ oxHDL ที่วิเคราะห์ได้จากทั้งสองวิธีด้วย Pearson correlation coefficient พบว่า ค่า correlation coefficient (r) = 0.527 และมีค่า p-value =0.002 แสดงให้เห็นว่าทั้งสองวิธีมีความสัมพันธ์มีความสัมพันธ์กันในระดับกลางอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ อุปกรณ์ตรวจวิเคราะห์ออกซิไดซ์ไลโพโปรตีนชนิดความหนาแน่นสูงฐานกระดาษเป็นต้นแบบที่สามารถนำไปต่อยอดและพัฒนา เพื่อประยุกต์ใช้ในการตรวจปริมาณ oxHDL …
ผลของ Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Gg ร่วมกับสารเคอคิวมินต่อการยับยั้งการมีชีวิตและกระตุ้นการตายแบบอะพอพโตซิสของเซลล์มะเร็งช่องปากชนิดสความัสเซลล์คาร์ซิโนมา, ชัชพันธุ์ อุดมพัฒนากร
ผลของ Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Gg ร่วมกับสารเคอคิวมินต่อการยับยั้งการมีชีวิตและกระตุ้นการตายแบบอะพอพโตซิสของเซลล์มะเร็งช่องปากชนิดสความัสเซลล์คาร์ซิโนมา, ชัชพันธุ์ อุดมพัฒนากร
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
มะเร็งช่องปากชนิดสความัสเซลล์คาร์ซิโนมา (Oral squamous cell carcinoma, OSCC) จัดเป็นมะเร็งที่พบได้บ่อยที่สุดของ มะเร็งศรีษะและลำคอ เคอคิวมินเป็นสารออกฤทธิ์หลักซึ่งพบได้ในขมิ้นชันและถูกใช้เป็นสมุนไพรสำหรับการรักษาโรคต่าง ๆ หลายชนิด รวมทั้ง ได้รับการพิสูจน์ในห้องปฏิบัติการแล้วว่ามีคุณสมบัติในการยับยั้งเซลล์มะเร็งได้หลากหลายประเภท ในขณะที่โพรไบโอติกแบคทีเรีย Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) ได้รับการพิสูจน์ในห้องปฏิบัติการถึงคุณสมบัติในการยับยั้งเซลล์มะเร็งได้หลากหลายชนิดเช่นกัน และ มีรายงานถึงการนำ LGG ไปใช้ร่วมกับสารผลิตภัณฑ์ธรรมชาติชนิดอื่น ๆ เพื่อเพิ่มประสิทธิภาพของสารธรรมชาตินั้นอีกด้วย ดังนั้นวัตถุประสงค์ ของการศึกษาในครั้งนี้คือ เพื่อศึกษาผลของการใช้เคอคิวมินร่วมกับน้ำเลี้ยงส่วนใสของแบคทีเรีย LGG (LGG cell-free supernatant, LGG CFS) ในการยับยั้งการมีชีวิตและกระตุ้นให้เซลล์มะเร็งช่องปากชนิด OSCC (SCC-9 cells) เกิดการตายแบบอะพอพโตซิส ผลการศึกษาพบว่า เคอคิวมินและ LGG CFS มีคุณสมบัติในการยับยั้งการมีชีวิตของเซลล์มะเร็งช่องปาก SCC-9 cells โดยขึ้นอยู่กับความเข้มข้นที่ใช้ การใช้เคอคิว มินและ LGG CFS ที่ความเข้มข้นสูง (Curcumin 40 µg/ml และ 25% (volume/volume) LGG CFS ที่ความเข้มข้น 108 CFU/ml หรือความ เข้มเข้นเริ่มต้น (undiluted condition)) ในรูปแบบการใช้สารเดี่ยวหรือสารผสมร่วมกัน ส่งผลยับยั้งการมีชีวิตของทั้งเซลล์มะเร็งช่องปาก SCC9 cells และเซลล์เนื้อเยื่อเหงือก (human gingival fibroblast, HGF cells) เมื่อเปรียบเทียบกับสภาวะควบคุม (p<0.0001 สำหรับการใช้สาร เดี่ยวในเซลล์มะเร็งช่องปาก SCC-9 และการใช้สารเดี ่ยวและสารผสมในเซลล์เนื ้อเยื ่อเหงือก HGF และ p=0.02 สำหรับการใช้สารผสมใน เซลล์มะเร็งช่องปาก SCC-9) ในขณะที ่การใช้เคอคิวมินและ LGG CFS ในรูปแบบของสารผสมร่วมกันที ่ระดับความเข้มข้นต่ำ (Curcumin 5 µg/ml และ 25% (v/v) LGG CFS ความเข้มข้น 1:100 เท่าจากระดับความเข้มข้นเริ ่มต้น) สามารถยับยั ้งการมีชีวิตของเซลล์มะเร็งช่องปาก SCC-9 ได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพเมื่อเปรียบเทียบกับสภาวะการใช้สารเดี่ยวของเคอคิวมินและ LGG CFS ที่ระดับความเข้มข้นต่ำ และสภาวะควบคุม (p<0.0001, p=0.002 และ p=0.02 ตามลำดับ) และไม่ส่งผลต่อการมีชีวิตของเซลล์เนื้อเยื่อเหงือก HGF เมื่อเทียบกับกลุ่มควบคุม (p=0.14) ผลการวิเคราะห์ Flow analysis พบว่าสภาวะการใช้เคอคิวมินและ LGG CFS ร่วมกันที่ระดับความเข้มข้นต่ำ สามารถเหนี่ยวนำให้ เซลล์มะเร็ง SCC-9 เกิดการตายแบบอะพอพโตซิสได้มากขึ้นอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติเมื่อเปรียบเทียบกับการใช้สารเดี่ยวและสภาวะควบคุม (p<0.0001 ในทุกสภาวะ) นอกจากนั้นสภาวะการใช้เคอคิวมินและ LGG CFS ร่วมกันที่ระดับความเข้มข้นต่ำ สามารถเหนี่ยวนำให้เซลล์มะเร็ง SCC-9 มีระดับการแสดงออกของ Bax/Bcl-2 ratio ที่สูงขึ้น ซึ่งมีผลให้ให้เซลล์มะเร็งเกิดการตายแบบอะพอพโตซิสต่อไป อย่างไรก็ตามสภาวะ เคอคิวมินและ LGG CFS ร่วมกันที่ระดับความเข้มข้นต่ำ ส่งผลต่อระดับการแสดงออกของโปรตีน caspase-3 ที ่สูงขึ้นอย่างไม่มีนัยสำคัญ (p=0.12) แต่ไม่มีผลต่อระอัตราส่วนการแสดงออกของโปรตีน Bcl-xL/Bak และโปรตีน Mcl-1/Bak เมื่อเทียบกับกลุ่มควบคุม (p=0.53 และ p=0.34 ตามลำดับ) การวิเคราะห์ LGG CFS ที่ความเข้มข้น 1:100 เท่าจากระดับความเข้มข้นเริ่มต้น ด้วยเทคนิค LC-MS/MS พบสารประเภท โปรตีนทั้งหมด 30 ชนิด ได้แก่ metabolic enzyme and protein จำนวน 26 ชนิด และ surface layer protein จำนวน 4 ชนิด การใช้สาร เคอคิวมินและ LGG CFS ร่วมกันที่ระดับความเข้มข้นต่ำ น่าจะมีผลในการยับยั้งเซลล์มะเร็งช่องปากชนิด SCC-9 แต่ไม่มีผลกระทบต่อเซลล์ เหงือก HGF ผลการศึกษาในครั้งนี้อาจนำไปสู่การพัฒนาวิธีป้องกันหรือรักษามะเร็งช่องปากชนิด OSCC รูปแบบใหม่ได้ในอนาคต
Amblyomma Quadricavum (Schulze, 1941) (Acari:Ixodidae): First Description Of The Nymphal Stage And Phylogenetic Assessment Of Its Taxonomic Status, Ashleigh V. Riggs
Amblyomma Quadricavum (Schulze, 1941) (Acari:Ixodidae): First Description Of The Nymphal Stage And Phylogenetic Assessment Of Its Taxonomic Status, Ashleigh V. Riggs
College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations
The hard tick (Acari: Ixodidae) Amblyomma quadricavum (Schulze, 1941) is a parasite of snakes and is endemic to the Caribbean region. Morphological characters of this species, namely its rudimentary eye structures, have led to debate about its taxonomic status. The species was originally assigned to the genus Aponomma. However, with revisions of the genus Aponomma, and the recent creation of new genera created for some basal former-Aponomma, it has been suggested that perhaps Amblyomma quadricavum might be a close relative of Robertsicus elaphensis, the Trans-Pecos rat snake tick of the southwest United States and New Mexico, another eyeless former-Aponomma species …
Assesment Of Antibiotic Resistant Gene Expression In Clinical Isolates Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Dustin Esmond
Assesment Of Antibiotic Resistant Gene Expression In Clinical Isolates Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Dustin Esmond
Biology Theses
Increasing prevalence of nosocomial infections by antimicrobial resistant pathogens resulting in higher mortality rates and financial burden is of great concern. Pseudomonas aeruginosa represents one of six highly virulent “ESKAPE” pathogens that exhibit considerable intrinsic drug resistance as well as mechanisms for acquiring further resistance. As many of these mechanisms are regulated through gene expression, we sought to identify regulatory strategies and patterns at play in 23 clinical isolates collected from Baku, Azerbaijan and Tyler, Texas, USA. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed on six gene targets implicated in resistance and contrasted with antibiotic phenotypes. We found AmpC cephalosporinase …
Roles Of A Bradykinin Storm And A Cytokine Storm In Covid-19 Cases, Nouha H. Odeh
Roles Of A Bradykinin Storm And A Cytokine Storm In Covid-19 Cases, Nouha H. Odeh
Honors College Theses
In the light of recent events, it is imperative to understand the key inflammatory response elements that appear to be the source of more severe ailments resulting from a SARS-CoV-2 viral infection known as Covid-19 The more severe cases of Covid-19 are characterized by a severe inflammatory response resulting in tissue damage. My research proposal aims to investigate the two possible culprits of this response: a bradykinin (BK) storm and an interleukin-6 (IL-6) mediated cytokine storm. In both systems respectively, the excess release of these signals subsequently signals the production of even more of the same response element, resulting in …
Diversity And Host Specificity Of Nycteribiid Bat Flies (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) In Kenya, Taylor Verrett
Diversity And Host Specificity Of Nycteribiid Bat Flies (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) In Kenya, Taylor Verrett
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Bat flies (Diptera: Nycteribiidae and Streblidae) are hematophagous ectoparasites of bats distributed globally. Members of Nycteribiidae are morphologically constrained relative to streblids, and are united by their lack of wings, dorso-ventrally compressed bodies, and a primary distribution across the Eastern hemisphere. Bats are principal reservoirs of infectious diseases, including viral zoonoses of important consideration to human health, but the overall high host specificity of bat flies has largely been thought to curb their potential as inter-specific vectors of bat-borne pathogens. However, nycteribiid diversity and host associations remain critically understudied in some geographic regions, and rare examples of nycteribiid bat flies …
Full Issue: The International Undergraduate Journal Of Health Sciences, Volume 1, Issue 1, June 2021, Iujhs Full Issue
Full Issue: The International Undergraduate Journal Of Health Sciences, Volume 1, Issue 1, June 2021, Iujhs Full Issue
International Undergraduate Journal of Health Sciences
The full June 2021 issue (Volume 1, Issue 1) of the International Undergraduate Journal of Health Sciences
Impact Of Intratumor Heterogeneity And The Tumor Microenvironment In Shaping Tumor Evolution And Response To Therapy, Akash Mitra
Impact Of Intratumor Heterogeneity And The Tumor Microenvironment In Shaping Tumor Evolution And Response To Therapy, Akash Mitra
Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)
Intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) is a crucial challenge in cancer treatment. The genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity underlying diverse cancer types leads to subclonal variation, which may result in mixed or failed response to therapy. The heterogeneity at the tumor level, along with the tumor microenvironment (TME), often shapes tumor evolution and ultimately clinical outcome. Given that modern treatment paradigms increasingly expose patients with metastatic disease to multiple treatment modalities through the course of their disease, there exists a need to characterize robust and predictive biomarkers of response to therapy. In order to accurately characterize tumor evolution, we need to account for …
Identifying The Cell Composition And Clonal Diversity Of Supratentorial Ependymoma Using Single Cell Rna-Sequencing, James He
University Scholar Projects
Ependymoma is a primary solid tumor of the central nervous system. Supratentorial ependymoma (ST-EPN), a subtype of ependymomas, is driven by an oncogenic fusion between the ZFTA and RELA genes in 70% of cases. We introduced this fusion into neural progenitor cells of mice embryos via in utero electroporation of a non-viral binary piggyBac transposon system containing ZFTA-RELA. From preliminary data in the LoTurco lab, inducing the expression of ZFTA-RELA into different neural progenitor cells produces tumors of varying lethality and cellular composition. To define the cellular composition and subclonal diversity of ST-EPN tumors, we used single cell RNA-sequencing to …
The Immune Microenvironment And Relation To Outcome In Patients With Advanced Breast Cancer Treated With Docetaxel With Or Without Gemcitabine, Elisabeth S. Stovgaard, Karama Asleh, Nazia Riaz, Samuel Leung, Dongxia Gao, Lise B. Nielsen, Anne-Vibeke Lænkholm, Eva Balslev, Maj-Britt Jensen, Dorte Nielsen, Torsten O. Nielsen
The Immune Microenvironment And Relation To Outcome In Patients With Advanced Breast Cancer Treated With Docetaxel With Or Without Gemcitabine, Elisabeth S. Stovgaard, Karama Asleh, Nazia Riaz, Samuel Leung, Dongxia Gao, Lise B. Nielsen, Anne-Vibeke Lænkholm, Eva Balslev, Maj-Britt Jensen, Dorte Nielsen, Torsten O. Nielsen
Centre for Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research
Preclinical studies suggest that some effects of conventional chemotherapy, and in particular, gemcitabine, are mediated through enhanced antitumor immune responses. The objective of this study was to use material from a randomized clinical trial to evaluate whether patients with preexisting immune infiltrates responded better to treatment with gemcitabine + docetaxel (GD) compared to docetaxel alone. Formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded breast cancer tissues from SBG0102 phase 3 trial patients randomly assigned to treatment with GD or docetaxel were used. Immunohistochemical staining for CD8, FOXP3, LAG3, PD-1, PD-L1 and CD163 was performed. Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and tumor associated macrophages were evaluated. Prespecified …
Association Of Trim Gene Variation And Lpdv Infection Patterns In Wild Turkeys, Bennett Fry
Association Of Trim Gene Variation And Lpdv Infection Patterns In Wild Turkeys, Bennett Fry
Honors Theses
Emerging infectious diseases pose a serious threat to various species throughout the globe, including humans. The lymphoproliferative disease virus (LPDV) in wild turkeys is an example of disease virus whose impact on its host requires additional study. Although the first description of lymphoproliferative disease came from outbreaks in domestic turkey flocks in Europe, it is now known that LPDV is widespread in wild turkey populations in North America. In an effort to understand what may affect an individual turkey’s susceptibility to this virus, variation in part of the anti-viral TRIM62 gene was investigated. DNA was extracted from hunter-collected, turkey blood …
A High-Throughput Approach To Characterizing Arv1 On The Regulation Of Lipid Homeostasis Uncovers A Novel Interaction With Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, Nicholas Anthony Wachowski
A High-Throughput Approach To Characterizing Arv1 On The Regulation Of Lipid Homeostasis Uncovers A Novel Interaction With Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, Nicholas Anthony Wachowski
Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Theses and Dissertations
Acyl-CoA cholesterol acyl transferase related enzyme-2 required for viability 1 (ARV1) was first recognized in Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a study done in 2000 by Tinkelenberg et al. In yeast, the deletion of ARV1 results in numerous defects including abnormal sterol trafficking [1], the reduction of sphingolipid metabolism [2], synthesis of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor [3], ER stress [4], and hypersensitivity of fatty acids leading to lipoapoptosis [5]. Arv1 germline deletion in mice displayed a lean phenotype with increased energy [6]. In humans, ARV1 mutations lead to epileptic encephalopathy [7].
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) consists of simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis …
Defining Codes Based On The Consolidated Framework For Implementation Research In The Context Of The Implementing Universal Lynch Syndrome Screening, Jasmine A. Burton-Akright
Defining Codes Based On The Consolidated Framework For Implementation Research In The Context Of The Implementing Universal Lynch Syndrome Screening, Jasmine A. Burton-Akright
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Lynch syndrome (LS) is the most common hereditary cause of both colorectal cancer (CRC) and endometrial cancer (EC). Universal tumor screening (UTS) of newly diagnosed EC and CRC patients has been shown to be both an effective and economical approach to identify patients with LS and subsequently reduce future cancer s for patients and their family members. Despite its efficacy, LS UTS has not been consistently adopted across hospital systems and existing programs vary widely in their structure and execution. The Implementing Universal Lynch Syndrome Screening (IMPULSS) study aims to determine the critical factors necessary for successful implementation of LS …
Insights Into Leptopilina Spp. Immune-Suppressive Strategies Using Mixed-Omics And Molecular Approaches, Brian Wey
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Host-parasite interactions influence the biology of each over the course of evolution. Parasite success allows for the passage of potent virulence strategies from generation to generation. Host success passes stronger immunity and resistance strategies to the following generations as well. Only by studying both partners within their natural contexts can we begin to understand the relationship between the two and how immune mechanisms and virulence strategies interact as a molecular arms race.
In this work, we focus on a natural host-parasite pair, the Drosophila-Leptopilina model. Leptopilina species are parasites of several fruit fly species, including Drosophila melanogaster. This model …
Epigenetic Evolution Of Ace2 And Il-6 Genes: Non-Canonical Interferon-Stimulated Genes Correlate To Covid-19 Susceptibility In Vertebrates, Eric R. Sang, Yun Tian, Laura C. Miller, Yongming Sang
Epigenetic Evolution Of Ace2 And Il-6 Genes: Non-Canonical Interferon-Stimulated Genes Correlate To Covid-19 Susceptibility In Vertebrates, Eric R. Sang, Yun Tian, Laura C. Miller, Yongming Sang
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research
The current novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread globally within a matter of months. The virus establishes a success in balancing its deadliness and contagiousness, and causes substantial differences in susceptibility and disease progression in people of different ages, genders and pre-existing comorbidities. These host factors are subjected to epigenetic regulation; therefore, relevant analyses on some key genes underlying COVID-19 pathogenesis were performed to longitudinally decipher their epigenetic correlation to COVID-19 susceptibility. The genes of host angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2, as the major virus receptor) and interleukin (IL)-6 (a key immuno-pathological factor triggering cytokine storm) were shown to evince active …
Sars-Cov-2: An Investigation On Mutagenicity And Its Effects On Infectivity And Mortality, Tyler Elliott Silverwood
Sars-Cov-2: An Investigation On Mutagenicity And Its Effects On Infectivity And Mortality, Tyler Elliott Silverwood
Honors Theses and Capstones
SARS-CoV-2, the etiological agent of the COVID-19 pandemic, has rapidly become a worldwide public health concern. Classified as a betacoronavirus, it is the third human coronavirus (HCoV) to emerge in the 21st century that causes severe disease, alongside SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. The genome consists of open reading frames encoding accessory proteins and four structural proteins, including the spike protein which is a key determinant of host cell tropism. Mutations within the genome, particularly the spike gene, have been linked in-vitro to increased binding affinity to the human receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2), increased fitness in human hosts, and immune evasion. …