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Genetics and Genomics Commons™

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2001

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Articles 31 - 50 of 50

Full-Text Articles in Genetics and Genomics

Genomic Diversity Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa In Cystic Fibrosis, Nathaniel Edwards Head Jan 2001

Genomic Diversity Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa In Cystic Fibrosis, Nathaniel Edwards Head

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common environmental microorganism. However, it has the genetic capacity to cause diseases in patients with compromised host defense systems. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the major hereditary diseases among Caucasian populations. CF patients are born with a defective chloride channel that is responsible for maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance across the lumen of the lung. This imbalance leads to the production of an abnormal dehydrated viscous mucous, prohibiting the patient from normally clearing the respiratory airway. Chronic pulmonary infections with P. aeruginosa are the major causes of high morbidity and mortality in CF. Two of …

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Cationic Surfactant Mediated Hybridization And Hydrophobization Of Dna Molecules At The Liquid/Liquid Interface And Their Phase Transfer, Murali Sastry, Ashavani Kumar, Mrunalini Pattarkine, Vidya Ramakrishnan, Krishna N. Ganesh Jan 2001

Cationic Surfactant Mediated Hybridization And Hydrophobization Of Dna Molecules At The Liquid/Liquid Interface And Their Phase Transfer, Murali Sastry, Ashavani Kumar, Mrunalini Pattarkine, Vidya Ramakrishnan, Krishna N. Ganesh

Faculty Works

Hybridization of complementary oligonucleotides mediated by a cationic surfactant at the water/hexane interface leads to hydrophobic, double-helical DNA which may be readily phase transferred to the organic phase and cast into thin films on solid substrates.

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Cloning Of Hsds Gene And Characterization Of The Protein From Haemophilus Influenzae Rd, Srividya Chalapatti Jan 2001

Cloning Of Hsds Gene And Characterization Of The Protein From Haemophilus Influenzae Rd, Srividya Chalapatti

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Characterization Of Natural Variants Of Local Wild Bananas & Seed Progeny Of Musa Acuminata, Muhammad Asif Javed Jan 2001

Characterization Of Natural Variants Of Local Wild Bananas & Seed Progeny Of Musa Acuminata, Muhammad Asif Javed

Student Works (2000-2009)

The purpose of this study was to characterize the variation pattern that exists in the wild Musa acuminata (AA) populations. widely distributed in Malaysia. Fourteen populations of Musa acuminata, which included subspecies malaccensis, siamea and truncata were collected from different locations including Selangor, Pahang, Perak, Kelantan, Kedah and Terengganu for studies on variation within and between populations, based on morphological characters, biochemical, ploidy and genomic DNA content. Techniques of numerical taxonomy were employed to determine the variation pattern and these included use of the clustering method and principal component analysis. Ploidy level and genomic DNA content were determined by flow …

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Origin And Conservation Genetics Of Threatened Ute Ladies’-Tresses, Spiranthes Diluvialis (Orchidaceae), Allen L. Szalanski, Gerry Steinauer, Richard Bischof, Jessica Lynn Petersen Jan 2001

Origin And Conservation Genetics Of Threatened Ute Ladies’-Tresses, Spiranthes Diluvialis (Orchidaceae), Allen L. Szalanski, Gerry Steinauer, Richard Bischof, Jessica Lynn Petersen

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The Ute ladies’-tresses, Spiranthes diluvialis, is listed as a threatened orchid in west-central United States by the Federal government. Information on its origin and patterns of genetic variation is needed to develop effective conservation strategies for this species. DNA sequencing and polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to evaluate genetic variation and structure of 23 populations of S. diluvialis. In addition, four congeneric species were analyzed to determine possible origins of the putative allotetraploid S. diluvialis. DNA sequencing and PCR-RFLP analysis of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA …

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Genetic Consequences Of Polygyny And Social Structure In An Indian Fruit Bat, Cynopterus Sphinx. Ii. Variance In Male Mating Success And Effective Population Size, Jay F. Storz, Hari Bhat, Thomas H. Kunz Jan 2001

Genetic Consequences Of Polygyny And Social Structure In An Indian Fruit Bat, Cynopterus Sphinx. Ii. Variance In Male Mating Success And Effective Population Size, Jay F. Storz, Hari Bhat, Thomas H. Kunz

Jay F. Storz Publications

Variance in reproductive success is a primary determinant of genetically effective population size (Ne), and thus has important implications for the role of genetic drift in the evolutionary dynamics of animal taxa characterized by polygynous mating systems. Here we report the results of a study designed to test the hypothesis that polygynous mating results in significantly reduced Ne in an age-structured population. This hypothesis was tested in a natural population of a harem-forming fruit bat, Cynopterus sphinx (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae), in western India. The influence of the mating system on the ratio of variance Ne to adult …

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Genetic Variation In Two Conserved Local Romanian Pig Breeds Using Type 1 Dna Markers, Daniel C. Ciobanu, Andrew E. Lu, Alexandru Nagy, Richard Wales, Max F. Rothschild, Graham S. Plastow Jan 2001

Genetic Variation In Two Conserved Local Romanian Pig Breeds Using Type 1 Dna Markers, Daniel C. Ciobanu, Andrew E. Lu, Alexandru Nagy, Richard Wales, Max F. Rothschild, Graham S. Plastow

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Analysis of the genetic variation of an endangered population is an important component for the success of conservation. Animals from two local Romanian pig breeds, the Mangalitsa and Bazna, were analyzed for variation at a number of genetic loci using PCR-based DNA tests. Polymorphism was assessed at loci which 1) are known to cause phenotypic variation, 2) are potentially involved in trait differences or 3) are putative candidate genes. The traits considered are disease resistance, growth, coat color, meat quality and prolificacy. Even though the populations are small and the markers are limited to specific genes, we found significant differences …

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An Assessment Of Prothrombotic Tendency In Humans Using Functional And Genomic Determinants In The South Eastern Irish Population, Carmel Cullen Jan 2001

An Assessment Of Prothrombotic Tendency In Humans Using Functional And Genomic Determinants In The South Eastern Irish Population, Carmel Cullen

Theses

Venous thrombosis occurs in about 1 per 1,000 individuals per year. It is a serious disorder and accounts for a significant number of hospital admissions and deaths annually. Thrombophilia describes the familial or acquired disorders of the haemostatic mechanism that predispose to thrombosis. Inherited thrombophilia can be defined as a genetically determined tendency to venous thromboembolism Mutations in genes that code for proteins involved directly (or indirectly) In blood coagulation have been associated with prothrombotic status. Laboratory investigations for thrombophilia include screening for deficiencies of antithrombin, protein C or protein S and testing for activated protein C resistance. Together these …

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The Effect Of Aspen Wood Characteristics And Properties On Utilization, Kurt H. Mackes, Dennis L. Lynch Jan 2001

The Effect Of Aspen Wood Characteristics And Properties On Utilization, Kurt H. Mackes, Dennis L. Lynch

Aspen Bibliography

This paper reviews characteristics and properties of aspen wood, including anatomical structure and characteristics, moisture and shrinkage properties, weight and specific gravity, mechanical properties, and processing characteristics. Uses of aspen are evaluated: sawn and veneer products, composite panels, pulp, excelsior, post and poles, animal bedding, animal food supplements, fuel applications, and novelties. Aspen is a preferred species for paneling, veneer products including matchsticks and chopsticks, waferboard and oriented strandboard (OSB), fiberboard, pulp, excelsior, research animal bedding, animal food supplements, and tourist or gift items.

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Structural And Functional Characterization Of The Activator Of G-Protein Signaling 3 (Ags3), Michael Labranche Bernard Jan 2001

Structural And Functional Characterization Of The Activator Of G-Protein Signaling 3 (Ags3), Michael Labranche Bernard

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

AGS3 (Activator of G-protein Signaling 3) was isolated in yeast-based functional screen for receptor-independent activators of heterotrimeric G-proteins. To examine the role of AGS3 in mammalian signal processing, we defined the AGS3 sub domains involved in G-protein interaction, its selectivity for G-proteins and its influence on the activation state of G-protein. AGS3 co-immunoprecipitated with Gia3 from tissue lysates in a nucleotide dependent manner (GDP»GTPγS). The regions of AGS3 that bound Giα were localized to 4 thirty amino acid repeats (GPR - G-protein regulatory motif) in the carboxyl terminus (P463-S650), each of which were capable of binding Giα. AGS3-GPR domains selectively …

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Aquaporin 5-Deficient Mouse Lungs Are Hyperresponsive To Cholinergic Stimulation, Carissa M. Krane, Christopher N. Fortner, Arthur R. Hand, Dennis W. Mcgraw, John N. Lorenz, Susan E. Wert, Jennifer E. Towne, Richard J. Paul, Jeffrey A. Whitsett, Anil G. Menon Jan 2001

Aquaporin 5-Deficient Mouse Lungs Are Hyperresponsive To Cholinergic Stimulation, Carissa M. Krane, Christopher N. Fortner, Arthur R. Hand, Dennis W. Mcgraw, John N. Lorenz, Susan E. Wert, Jennifer E. Towne, Richard J. Paul, Jeffrey A. Whitsett, Anil G. Menon

Biology Faculty Publications

Although aquaporin 5 (AQP5) is the major water channel expressed in alveolar type I cells in the lung, its actual role in the lung is a matter of considerable speculation. By using immunohistochemical staining, we show that AQP5 expression in mouse lung is not restricted to type I cells, but is also detected in alveolar type II cells, and in tracheal and bronchial epithelium. Aqp5 knockout (Aqp5−/−) mice were used to analyze AQP5 function in pulmonary physiology. Compared with Aqp5+/+ mice, Aqp5−/− mice show a significantly increased concentration-dependent bronchoconstriction to intravenously administered Ach, as shown by …

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Hawaiian Freshwater Polychaeta: A Potentially Substantial Trophic Component Of Stream Depositional Habitats, M. Eric Benbow, Albert J. Burky, Carl M. Way Jan 2001

Hawaiian Freshwater Polychaeta: A Potentially Substantial Trophic Component Of Stream Depositional Habitats, M. Eric Benbow, Albert J. Burky, Carl M. Way

Biology Faculty Publications

In this paper we report the widespread occurrence of large annelids (Polychaeta: Nereididae) in Hawaiian stream depositional habitats, drawing attention to the lack of knowledge of Hawaiian stream energetics. Specimens of Namalycastis sp. were collected from five Hawaiian Islands from May–July 1995 and from the island of Maui from July–December 1999 and April–July 2000. Most specimens collected were N. hawaiiensis, while two specimens of N. abiuma were collected from a single site on the island of Molokai. Specimens were collected from elevations ranging from 3–240 m; several collections were from sites above at least one major (> 15 m …

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Designing An Intelligent System For Genetic Biology Learning, Seenivasagam S.Gangatharan Jan 2001

Designing An Intelligent System For Genetic Biology Learning, Seenivasagam S.Gangatharan

Student Works (2000-2009)

With the changing education scenario, an issue which has come strongly on how to create intelligent tutoring system to educate learners in a more intelligent way. So a need has emerged for the development of an intelligent tutoring system. This part or thesis describes the design of a collection of intelligent systems under the name GENETIC BIOLOGY for basic genetic biology tutoring. GENETIC BIOLOGY consist of three intelligent systems which arc designed for cell, DNA and gene learning. GENETIC BIOLOGY systems employ natural language processing and various techniques normally used in the construction of intelligent systems. Production rules and frames …

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Hard Cases For Autonomy, Respect, And Professionalism In Medical Genetics, Roger B. Dworkin Jan 2001

Hard Cases For Autonomy, Respect, And Professionalism In Medical Genetics, Roger B. Dworkin

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

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Genetic Diversity In The Bo'an, Salar, And Dongxiang : Co-Resident Muslim Populations In Gansu Province, P.R. China, Thomas Baric Jan 2001

Genetic Diversity In The Bo'an, Salar, And Dongxiang : Co-Resident Muslim Populations In Gansu Province, P.R. China, Thomas Baric

Theses : Honours

Patterns s of genetic diversity within and between three co-resident Muslim populations from Gansu Provence in the Peoples Republic of China were examined and the results contrasted with historical information. This study of members of the Bo'an, Salar and Dongxiang communities will contribute to a clearer understanding of the origins and migratory patterns of Muslims in PR China, and more generally the effect of population subdivision on gene pool structure and composition. Ten autosomal and live Y-chromosome microsatellite loci were genotyped to determine allele distribution patterns. Subsequently, the D-loop region of mitochondrial DNA was sequenced to complement the autosomal and …

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Molecular Phylogeny Of Diabrotica Beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Inferred From Analysis Of Combined Mitochondrial And Nuclear Dna Sequences, Thomas L. Clark, Lance J. Meinke, John E. Foster Jan 2001

Molecular Phylogeny Of Diabrotica Beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Inferred From Analysis Of Combined Mitochondrial And Nuclear Dna Sequences, Thomas L. Clark, Lance J. Meinke, John E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The phylogenetic relationships of thirteen Diabrotica (representing virgifera and fucata species groups) and two outgroup Acalymma beetle species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) were inferred from the phylogenetic analysis of a combined data set of 1323 bp of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and the entire second internal transcribed spacer region (ITS-2) of nuclear ribosomal DNA of 362 characters. Species investigated were D. adelpha, D. balteata, D. barberi, D. cristata, D. lemniscata, D. longicornis, D. porracea, D. speciosa, D. undecimpunctata howardi, D. u. undecimpunctata, D. virgifera virgifera, D. v. zeae, D. viridula, and outgroup A. blandulum and A. vittatum. Maximum …

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Female Sensitivity To Diet And Irradiation Treatments Underlies Sex-Mortality Differentials In The Mediterranean Fruit Fly, James R. Carey, Pablo Liedo, Hans-Georg Müller, Jane-Ling Wang, Brad Love, Lawrence G. Harshman, Linda Partridge Jan 2001

Female Sensitivity To Diet And Irradiation Treatments Underlies Sex-Mortality Differentials In The Mediterranean Fruit Fly, James R. Carey, Pablo Liedo, Hans-Georg Müller, Jane-Ling Wang, Brad Love, Lawrence G. Harshman, Linda Partridge

Lawrence G. Harshman Publications

Large-scale experiments on medflies that were subjected to sterilizing doses of ionizing radiation (plus intact controls) and maintained on either sugar-only or full, protein-enriched diets revealed that, whereas the mortality trajectories of both intact and irradiated male cohorts maintained on both diets are similar, the mortality patterns of females are highly variable. Mean mortality rates at 35 days in male cohorts ranged from 0.2 to 0.3 but in female cohorts ranged from 0.09 to 0.35, depending on treatment. The study reports three main influences: (a) qualitative differences exist in the sex–mortality response of medflies subjected to dietary manipulations and irradiation, …

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Genetic Consequences Of Polygyny And Social Structure In An Indian Fruit Bat, Cynopterus Sphinx. I. Inbreeding, Outbreeding, And Population Subdivision, Jay F. Storz, Hari Bhat, Thomas Kunz Jan 2001

Genetic Consequences Of Polygyny And Social Structure In An Indian Fruit Bat, Cynopterus Sphinx. I. Inbreeding, Outbreeding, And Population Subdivision, Jay F. Storz, Hari Bhat, Thomas Kunz

Jay F. Storz Publications

Population subdivision into behaviorally cohesive kin groups influences rates of inbreeding and genetic drift and has important implications for the evolution of social behavior. Here we report the results of a study designed to test the hypothesis that harem social structure promotes inbreeding and genetic subdivision in a population with overlapping generations. Genetic consequences of harem social structure were investigated in a natural population of a highly polygynous fruit bat, Cynopterus sphinx (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae), in western India. The partitioning of genetic variance within and among breeding groups was assessed using 10-locus microsatellite genotypes for 431 individually marked bats. Genetic analysis …

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Clinal Variation In Body Size And Sexual Dimorphism In An Indian Fruit Bat, Cynopterus Sphinx (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae), Jay F. Storz, J. Balasingh, Hari Bhat, P. Thiruchenthil Nathan, D. Paramanantha Swami Doss, A. Antony Prakash, Thomas H. Kunz Jan 2001

Clinal Variation In Body Size And Sexual Dimorphism In An Indian Fruit Bat, Cynopterus Sphinx (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae), Jay F. Storz, J. Balasingh, Hari Bhat, P. Thiruchenthil Nathan, D. Paramanantha Swami Doss, A. Antony Prakash, Thomas H. Kunz

Jay F. Storz Publications

Geographic variation in body size and sexual dimorphism of the short-nosed fruit bat (Cynopterus sphinx ) was investigated in peninsular India. Bats were sampled at 12 localities along a 1,200 km latitudinal transect that paralleled the eastern flanks of the Western Ghats. The geographic pattern of variation in external morphology of C. sphinx conforms to the predictions of Bergmann’s Rule, as indicated by a steep, monotonic cline of increasing body size from south to north. This study represents one of the first conclusively documented examples of Bergmann’s Rule in a tropical mammal and confirms that latitudinal clines in body …

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Recolonization Of The Flicker And Other Notes From Isla Guadalupe, Mexico, Paul R. Sweet, George F. Barrrowclough, John Klicka, Liliana Montanez-Godoy, Patricia Escalante Jan 2001

Recolonization Of The Flicker And Other Notes From Isla Guadalupe, Mexico, Paul R. Sweet, George F. Barrrowclough, John Klicka, Liliana Montanez-Godoy, Patricia Escalante

Ornithology Program (HRC)

During a visit to Isla Guadalupe from 31 May to 3 June 1996, we documented three species new to the island, the Barn Owl, Swainson's Thrush, and Hooded Oriole, and established first breeding records for the European Starling and Western Meadowlark. Red-shafted Flickers are now breeding on the island, representing a recent recolonization from the mainland following the extinction of the endemic population. We investigated the validity of Colaptes auratus rufipileus and concluded that it doesn’t meet the standard for phylogenetic species but differs from C. a. collaris at the 75% level usually associated with subspecific rank. Damage to the …

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