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Articles 61 - 73 of 73
Full-Text Articles in Genetics and Genomics
The Population Genetics Of The Endangered Scalloped Hammerhead Shark, Sphyrna Lewini, Across Its Eastern Pacific Range, Holly Nance
All Dissertations
I have characterized the population genetic structure, inferred the evolutionary processes shaping it, and estimated effective population size (Ne) using different contemporary and coalescent methods in the endangered scalloped hammerhead shark, Sphyrna lewini, throughout its Eastern Pacific (EP) range. I found significant genetic differentiation among seven coastal sites between Mexico and Ecuador using 15 microsatellite loci, and significant isolation by distance among samples of mtDNA control region haplotypes. While Bayesian statistical analyses and coalescent-based methods revealed low levels of ecological connectivity between most sampled sites (point estimates of Nm = 0.6 - 7.3), mismatch analyses showed that all populations experienced …
Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci Associated With Chilling Requirement And Bloom Date In Peach, Shenghua Fan
Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci Associated With Chilling Requirement And Bloom Date In Peach, Shenghua Fan
All Dissertations
Chilling requirement (CR), together with heat requirement (HR), determines bloom date (BD), which impacts climatic distribution of genotypes of temperate tree species. The molecular basis of floral bud CR is poorly understood despite its importance to fruit tree adaptation and production. A peach F2 populations developed from two genotypes with contrasting CR values was used for QTL mapping for CR, HR and BD. Using the Contender × Fla.92-2c population, 20 QTLs with additive effects were identified for three traits including one major QTL for CR and two major QTLs for BD. Particularly, one genomic region of 2cM pleiotropic for the …
The Genetics Of Chilling Requirement In Apricot (Prunus Armeniaca L.), Bode Olukolu
The Genetics Of Chilling Requirement In Apricot (Prunus Armeniaca L.), Bode Olukolu
All Dissertations
Commercial production of apricot is severely affected by sensitivity to climatic conditions, an adaptive feature essential for cycling between vegetative or floral growth and dormancy. Yield losses are due to either late winter or early spring frosts or inhibited vegetative or floral growth caused by unfulfilled chilling requirement (CR). Studies in this dissertation developed the first high-density apricot linkage map; followed by a comparative mapping strategy to validate conservation of synteny, genome collinearity and stable quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling CR and bud break between apricot and peach; and ultimately attempt to identify key candidate genes following a linkage disequilibrium-based …
Comparative Genomics And Molecular Evolution: New Genomic Resources For The Hymenoptera And Evolutionary Studies On The Genes Of The Nasonia Vitripennis Hox Complex., Monica Munoz-Torres
Comparative Genomics And Molecular Evolution: New Genomic Resources For The Hymenoptera And Evolutionary Studies On The Genes Of The Nasonia Vitripennis Hox Complex., Monica Munoz-Torres
All Dissertations
Research on insects, the most successful group from all metazoans on earth, has important societal, as well as scientific benefits. Insects occupy a wide range of roles, which have an effect on human life either because the former pose serious threats to public health and commercial crops as well as in some cases represent the only way to propagate food resources. Despite their tremendous importance, insect genomics remained an uneven territory dominated by studies in the Drosophila group and the mosquitoes. This dissertation attempts to: 1) report on advances in the development and characterization of genomic tools for species of …
Application Of Microsatellite/Ssr Markers For The Identification Of Peach Rootstocks And Chromosomal Regions Associated With The Response To Peach Tree Short Life Syndrome, Xiaoyu Liu
All Dissertations
Peach Tree Short Life (PTSL) is a complicated disease syndrome involving nematodes, temperature, soil conditions, pruning and secondary pathogens. The disease occurs commonly in the southeastern U.S., and possibly in other areas of the U.S., Europe, South America and South Africa as the related Bacterial Canker Complex. PTSL causes premature tree death during the 3rd or 4th year after planting, resulting in large economic losses for growers. Recently, Guardian® &lsquo BY520-9&rsquo rootstock was selected for its tolerance to PTSL; however, the genetic basis for this tolerance remains unknown.
Nemaguard, a PTSL susceptible rootstock, and Guardian® selection 3-17-7 were crossed. Each …
Utilizing Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification To Detect Novel X-Linked Microduplications Which Cause Intellectual Disability, Dianne Cohn
All Dissertations
ABSTRACT
A number of conditions related to X-linked intellectual disabilities (XLID) are in part due to microduplications that are not visible cytogenetically. With the focus on Rho, Ras and Rab genes, a family of genes known to be associated with intellectual disabilities, were screened for dosage aberrations (Leeuwen, F. N. 1997), (Ng, E. L. 2008), (Gissen, P. 2007), (Gurkan, C. 2005). Cohorts of intellectually disabled ID individuals were explored with new technologies. These new technologies include comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) (Madrigal, I. 2007), (Hermsen, M. A. 2005), (Morey, J. S. …
Functional Characterization Of Hexokinase-Like 1 (Hkl1) From Arabidopsis Thaliana, Abhijit Karve
Functional Characterization Of Hexokinase-Like 1 (Hkl1) From Arabidopsis Thaliana, Abhijit Karve
All Dissertations
Arabidopsis hexokinase1 (AtHXK1) is a moonlighting protein with roles in both glucose signaling and catalysis. In this study, we first cloned and characterized the six HXK related genes from Arabidopsis. Three of the six encoded proteins were shown not to phosphorylate hexoses and thus, are designated as hexokinase-like (HKL) proteins. Though they are only 50% identical to HXK1, the amino acid sequences of HKL1 and HKL2 both have well conserved glucose binding domains and other recognized structural elements. The possible basis for their lack of catalytic activity was further probed by site-directed mutagenesis and ultimately was attributed to a suite …
Insight Into The Origins Of The Rumex Acetosa Sex Chromosomes And Mechanisms Causing Dimorphism, Samuel Forrest
Insight Into The Origins Of The Rumex Acetosa Sex Chromosomes And Mechanisms Causing Dimorphism, Samuel Forrest
All Dissertations
Sex conferring chromosomes are subject to rapid change throughout evolution. Y-chromosomes (male determining) are subject to extensive chromatin remodeling and higher mutation rates than the autosomes being that recombination with the X chromosome is inhibited in many regions. The non-recombining regions comprise varying proportions of Y chromosomes from species to species and they are subject to mutation acquisition including both deletions and insertions. Recently it has been shown that these insertion mutations include repetitive DNA such as satellite DNA sequences (satDNA) and transposable elements. It is thought that Y chromosomes go through many rounds of expansion and contraction throughout evolution …
The Lss Supernodulation Mutant In Medicago Truncatula: Genetics, Characterization And Mapping, Arijit Mukherjee
The Lss Supernodulation Mutant In Medicago Truncatula: Genetics, Characterization And Mapping, Arijit Mukherjee
All Dissertations
The symbiotic association between legumes and nitrogen fixing rhizobia culminates in the formation of root nodules. Legumes control the extent of root nodule formation through a regulatory mechanism in which nodulating roots induce a shoot response that signals back to the roots, inhibiting further nodule initiation. Disruption of genes involved in this regulatory process lead to super or hypernodulation. The lss (like sunn supernodulator) mutant of Medicago truncatula has been identified as a naturally occurring supernodulation mutation in the Jemalong cultivar. The phenotype of lss is practically indistinguishable from the phenotype of the previously isolated sunn mutant with respect to …
Functional Genomics Of The Angiotensin Ii Type 2 Receptor In The Developing Brain, Traci Pawlowski
Functional Genomics Of The Angiotensin Ii Type 2 Receptor In The Developing Brain, Traci Pawlowski
All Dissertations
The mammalian brain expresses two angiotensin II specific receptors, the angiotensin II type 1 (AGTR1) and type 2 (AGTR2). Studies in humans and mice indicate a possible role for AGTR2 in learning, memory and behavior. However, AGTR2 gene function in the brain, and the molecular mechanisms by which AGTR2 exerts its physiological action, remains elusive. This study examines the possible role of AGTR2 in the developing brain and in brain function by employing three different approaches.
To identify genes in the developing brain that depend on AGTR2 function, a microarray analysis was conducted that compared the gene expression of Agtr2-/y …
Chloroplast Comparative Genomics: Implications For Phylogeny, Evolution, And Biotechnology, Christopher Saski
Chloroplast Comparative Genomics: Implications For Phylogeny, Evolution, And Biotechnology, Christopher Saski
All Dissertations
Lack of complete chloroplast genome sequences is still a limiting factor determining phylogenetic relationships, discerning evolutionary forces, and extending chloroplast genetic engineering to useful crops. Therefore, the chloroplast genomes from six economically important crops were isolated and sequenced. The results will have an impact on chloroplast biology and biotechnology.
The complete soybean chloroplast genome was compared to the other completely sequenced legumes, Lotus and Medicago. The rpl22 gene was found to be missing from all three legumes, a very informative phylogenetic marker. There is a single, large inversion changing the gene order in the legumes from the typical order found …
Functional Characterization Of Ectodysplasin-1 And Identification Of Novel Candidate Genes For Ectodermal Dysplasias And Associated Clinical Features, Bradley Griggs
All Dissertations
Ectodermal dysplasias (ED) are a group of developmental disorders in which ectodermally derived structures are abnormally formed or absent entirely. The molecular signaling pathway controlling the differentiation of ectodermal appendages has been well documented in recent years. However, questions remain concerning the key signaling molecule of this pathway, ectodysplasin-1 (EDA), the identity of the EDA signaling pathway's target genes, and the presence of additional phenotypes observed in some patients.
Despite the intensive study of EDA in recent years, the functional significance of the N-terminal intracellular domain of ectodysplasin-1 (N-EDA) has remained elusive. The yeast two-hybrid system was employed to further …
Characterization Of Male Sterility And Polyploidy In Watermelon, Brent Alan Murdock
Characterization Of Male Sterility And Polyploidy In Watermelon, Brent Alan Murdock
All Dissertations
No abstract provided.