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Articles 61 - 90 of 295
Full-Text Articles in Forest Sciences
Humination Modification: A Green Approach To Improve The Material Properties Of Scots Pine (Pinus Sylvestris L.) Sapwood, Amir Ghavidel, Arantxa Eceiza, Xinfeng Xie, Reza Hosseinpourpia
Humination Modification: A Green Approach To Improve The Material Properties Of Scots Pine (Pinus Sylvestris L.) Sapwood, Amir Ghavidel, Arantxa Eceiza, Xinfeng Xie, Reza Hosseinpourpia
Michigan Tech Publications
Recently, wood modification with environmentally friendly modification agents has received special attention. To this end, this study was conducted to use humin fractions, in combination with citric acid (CA) and succinic acid (SA), as reaction catalysts for the modification of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) sapwood. The effects of humination modification were evaluated by means of dimensional stability, static and dynamic mechanical properties, thermal stability, crystalline structure, and biological durability tests on modified samples and compared with the unmodified reference ones. According to the results, the dimensional stability of the huminated samples significantly increased, and this increase with the presence …
A Climatically Significant Abiotic Mechanism Driving Carbon Loss And Nitrogen Limitation In Peat Bogs, Alexandra B. Cory, Rachel M. Wilson, M. Elizabeth Holmes, William J. Riley, Yueh Fen Li, Malak M. Tfaily, Sarah C. Bagby, Darya Anderson, Robert M. Jones, Gareth Trubl, Nicole Irwin-Raab, Sky Dominguez, Moira Hough, Virginia I. Rich, Matthew B. Sullivan, Maria F. Fahnestock, Suzanne B. Hodgkins, Ruth K. Varner, Michael Ibba, Regis Ferriere, Ahmed Zayed, Patrick M. Crill, Jessica G. Ernakovich, Jeffrey P. Chanton
A Climatically Significant Abiotic Mechanism Driving Carbon Loss And Nitrogen Limitation In Peat Bogs, Alexandra B. Cory, Rachel M. Wilson, M. Elizabeth Holmes, William J. Riley, Yueh Fen Li, Malak M. Tfaily, Sarah C. Bagby, Darya Anderson, Robert M. Jones, Gareth Trubl, Nicole Irwin-Raab, Sky Dominguez, Moira Hough, Virginia I. Rich, Matthew B. Sullivan, Maria F. Fahnestock, Suzanne B. Hodgkins, Ruth K. Varner, Michael Ibba, Regis Ferriere, Ahmed Zayed, Patrick M. Crill, Jessica G. Ernakovich, Jeffrey P. Chanton
Michigan Tech Publications
Sphagnum-dominated bogs are climatically impactful systems that exhibit two puzzling characteristics: CO2:CH4 ratios are greater than those predicted by electron balance models and C decomposition rates are enigmatically slow. We hypothesized that Maillard reactions partially explain both phenomena by increasing apparent CO2 production via eliminative decarboxylation and sequestering bioavailable nitrogen (N). We tested this hypothesis using incubations of sterilized Maillard reactants, and live and sterilized bog peat. Consistent with our hypotheses, CO2 production in the sterilized peat was equivalent to 8–13% of CO2 production in unsterilized peat, and the increased formation of aromatic N compounds decreased N-availability. Numerous sterility assessments …
Supporting Wildlife Restoration In Eastern States Via State Wildlife Action Plans, L. Mark Elbroch, John Vucetich, Christa Rose, Jeremy T. Bruskotter
Supporting Wildlife Restoration In Eastern States Via State Wildlife Action Plans, L. Mark Elbroch, John Vucetich, Christa Rose, Jeremy T. Bruskotter
Michigan Tech Publications
The biodiversity crisis is driven by extinction at two scales: the global extinction of species and the local extirpation of populations (i.e., range contraction). Local extirpations are especially acute in the eastern United States, which has lost a substantial portion of its native mammalian fauna. Species restoration in the U.S., therefore, should be utilised more to revitalise and restore degraded systems. State wildlife agencies can elevate discussions about species restoration and facilitate internal capacity to conduct restoration projects by including locally extirpated species in State Wildlife Action Plans, which are currently under revision, and will guide state conservation programs for …
Land-Use Effects On Soil Organic Matter And Related Soil Properties In A Mixed Agricultural–Forest Landscape Of Central Wisconsin, Usa, Kathryn L. Hofmeister, Gwen Feitl, Kaylee Tackett, Leah Fleury, Lucas E. Nave
Land-Use Effects On Soil Organic Matter And Related Soil Properties In A Mixed Agricultural–Forest Landscape Of Central Wisconsin, Usa, Kathryn L. Hofmeister, Gwen Feitl, Kaylee Tackett, Leah Fleury, Lucas E. Nave
Michigan Tech Publications
Soil organic matter (SOM) influences a wide range of ecosystem processes, including nutrient cycling, water movement, plant productivity, and biodiversity. In agricultural landscapes, adjacent land uses often differ in SOM contents and related soil properties, such as soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks, but the direction and magnitude of these effects are inconsistent across studies. We assessed how land uses differed in SOM and related properties in a representative US Midwest agricultural–forest landscape to support land-use and management decisions by local landowners and producers. We measured SOM, bulk density (Db), root biomass, and pH, and estimated SOC stocks, in a Typic …
Soil Amendments Alter Tree Growth And Wood Decay After Forest Thinning, Deborah S. Page-Dumroese, Martin Jurgensen, Chris Miller, Joanne M. Tirocke, Derek N. Pierson, Cole Mayn, Mark J. Kimsey, Haley C. Anderson
Soil Amendments Alter Tree Growth And Wood Decay After Forest Thinning, Deborah S. Page-Dumroese, Martin Jurgensen, Chris Miller, Joanne M. Tirocke, Derek N. Pierson, Cole Mayn, Mark J. Kimsey, Haley C. Anderson
Michigan Tech Publications
Forest soil amendments are increasingly used in western US forests to dispose of unmerchantable woody residues, reduce wildfire risk, and improve soil properties. Our objective was to determine the effect of fertilizer and organic amendments on tree growth and organic matter decomposition after thinning. Treatments were a control, three single soil amendments (wood chips, fertilizer, and biochar), and one combined soil amendment (biochar + fertilizer), each applied after thinning a ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex. Laws) stand. After 10 years, amendment treatments had no effect on tree diameter increment (p = 0.600), but the biochar + fertilizer and wood …
Long Oligos: Direct Chemical Synthesis Of Genes With Up To 1728 Nucleotides, Yipeng Yin, Reed Arneson, Yinan Yuan, Shiyue Fang
Long Oligos: Direct Chemical Synthesis Of Genes With Up To 1728 Nucleotides, Yipeng Yin, Reed Arneson, Yinan Yuan, Shiyue Fang
Michigan Tech Publications
The longest oligos that can be chemically synthesized are considered to be 200-mers. Here, we report direct synthesis of an 800-mer green fluorescent protein gene and a 1728-mer Φ29 DNA polymerase gene on an automated synthesizer. Key innovations that enabled this breakthrough include conducting the synthesis on a smooth surface rather than within the pores of traditional supports, and the use of the powerful catching-by-polymerization (CBP) method for isolating the full-length oligos from a complex mixture. Conducting synthesis on a smooth surface not only eliminated the steric hindrance that would otherwise prevent long oligo assembly, but also, surprisingly, drastically reduced …
Greening Of A Boreal Rich Fen Driven By Co2 Fertilisation, Sandeep Thayamkottu, T. Luke Smallman, Jaan Pärn, Ülo Mander, Eugénie S. Euskirchen, Evan Kane
Greening Of A Boreal Rich Fen Driven By Co2 Fertilisation, Sandeep Thayamkottu, T. Luke Smallman, Jaan Pärn, Ülo Mander, Eugénie S. Euskirchen, Evan Kane
Michigan Tech Publications
Boreal peatlands store vast amounts of soil organic carbon (C) owing to the imbalance between productivity and decay rates. In the recent decades, this carbon stock has been exposed to a warming climate. During the past decade alone, the Arctic has warmed by ∼ 0.75°C which is almost twice the rate of the global average. Although, a wide range of studies have assessed peatlands’ C cycling, our understanding of the factors governing source / sink dynamics of peatland C stock under a warming climate remains a critical uncertainty at site, regional, and global scales. Here our focus was on answering …
Legacy Effects Of Plant Community Structure Are Manifested In Microbial Biofilm Development With Consequences For Ecosystem Co Emissions, Kevin H. Wyatt, Jillian Cieslik, Catherine M. Dieleman, Evan Kane, Allison R. Rober, Barrett Sullivan, Merritt R. Turetsky
Legacy Effects Of Plant Community Structure Are Manifested In Microbial Biofilm Development With Consequences For Ecosystem Co Emissions, Kevin H. Wyatt, Jillian Cieslik, Catherine M. Dieleman, Evan Kane, Allison R. Rober, Barrett Sullivan, Merritt R. Turetsky
Michigan Tech Publications
To better understand linkages between hydrology and ecosystem carbon flux in northern aquatic ecosystems, we evaluated the relationship between plant communities, biofilm development, and carbon dioxide (CO) exchange following long-term changes in hydrology in an Alaskan fen. We quantified seasonal variation in biofilm composition and CO exchange in response to lowered and raised water table position (relative to a control) during years with varying levels of background dissolved organic carbon (DOC). We then used nutrient-diffusing substrates (NDS) to evaluate cause-effect relationships between changes in plant subsidies (i.e., leachates) and biofilm composition among water table treatments. We found that background DOC …
Development Of Long-Term Studies Evaluating The Potential Of Chondrostereum Purpureum As A Mycobiocontrol On Invasive Buckthorn, Abraham F. Stone
Development Of Long-Term Studies Evaluating The Potential Of Chondrostereum Purpureum As A Mycobiocontrol On Invasive Buckthorn, Abraham F. Stone
Michigan Tech Undergraduate Scholarship
Chondrostereum purpureum is a circumboreal polypore with high potential as a native fungal biocontrol for weedy, deciduous tree species in the Northern Hemisphere. This thesis describes the development of three multi-year studies designed to evaluate the effectiveness of C. purpureum as a management tool for invasive buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica and Frangula alnus) in Upper Michigan, in a manner that tests a broader range of application methods beyond girdling or cut-stump treatments. Our experiments focused on a) developing a viable liquid inoculum to spray on buckthorn whips and b) creating a symptomatic assessment scale to quantify disease progression of C. purpureum …
Decentering Humans In Sustainability: A Framework For Earth-Centered Kinship And Practice, Tran Thi Mai Anh, Cassandra M. Reed-Vandam, Kendall Belopavlovich, Elizabeth Brown, Katherine E. Higdon, Shelby Nicole Lane-Clark, Katherine M. Mcgowen, Emily Shaw, Valoree Gagnon
Decentering Humans In Sustainability: A Framework For Earth-Centered Kinship And Practice, Tran Thi Mai Anh, Cassandra M. Reed-Vandam, Kendall Belopavlovich, Elizabeth Brown, Katherine E. Higdon, Shelby Nicole Lane-Clark, Katherine M. Mcgowen, Emily Shaw, Valoree Gagnon
Michigan Tech Publications
Contemporary Earth crises are challenging ideologies that enthrone humans at the center of existence and separate from nature, problematizing common notions of sustainability. Further inquiry, particularly sustainability of what and for whom, requires decentering the human experience toward other-than-human beings (e.g., plants and animals). In this article, we, as the Kinship Circle book club, share reflections from our monthly dialogue with the five-part book series Kinship: Belonging in a World of Relations, built on a foundation of partnership experiences with the Keweenaw Bay Indian Community Lake Superior Band of Ojibwa. Together, we discuss three major departures from our previous modes …
Wolves Across Borders, Ilse Storch, Aimee Tallian, Luigi Boitani, Cecilia Di Bernardi, Josip Kusak, Çağan Şekercioğlu, Douglas Smith, John Vucetich, Barbara Zimmermann
Wolves Across Borders, Ilse Storch, Aimee Tallian, Luigi Boitani, Cecilia Di Bernardi, Josip Kusak, Çağan Şekercioğlu, Douglas Smith, John Vucetich, Barbara Zimmermann
Michigan Tech Publications
No abstract provided.
Gains In Soil Carbon Storage Under Anthropogenic Nitrogen Deposition Are Rapidly Lost Following Its Cessation, Brooke E. Propson, Donald R. Zak, Aimée T. Classen, Andrew J Burton, Zachary B. Freedman
Gains In Soil Carbon Storage Under Anthropogenic Nitrogen Deposition Are Rapidly Lost Following Its Cessation, Brooke E. Propson, Donald R. Zak, Aimée T. Classen, Andrew J Burton, Zachary B. Freedman
Michigan Tech Publications
In the Northern Hemisphere, anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition contributed to the enhancement of the global terrestrial carbon (C) sink, partially offsetting CO2 emissions. Across several long-term field experiments, this ecosystem-level response was determined to be driven, in part, by the suppression of microbial activity associated with the breakdown of soil organic matter. However, since the implementation of emission abatement policies in the 1970s, atmospheric N deposition has declined globally, and the consequences of this decline are unknown. Here, we assessed the response of soil C storage and associated microbial activities, in a long-term field study that experimentally increased N deposition …
Interlaboratory Evaluation Of Bretziella Fagacearum Molecular Detection Assays To Guide The Edna Monitoring Of Oak Wilt Disease, Marie Krystel Gauthier, Abdelmadjid Djoumad, Tara L Bal, Guillaume J Bilodeau, Marc F Digirolomo, Meher Ony, Denita Hadziabdic, Kelsey C Mclaughlin, Laura Miles, Isabel Munck, Karen Lynn Snover-Clift, Philippe Tanguay
Interlaboratory Evaluation Of Bretziella Fagacearum Molecular Detection Assays To Guide The Edna Monitoring Of Oak Wilt Disease, Marie Krystel Gauthier, Abdelmadjid Djoumad, Tara L Bal, Guillaume J Bilodeau, Marc F Digirolomo, Meher Ony, Denita Hadziabdic, Kelsey C Mclaughlin, Laura Miles, Isabel Munck, Karen Lynn Snover-Clift, Philippe Tanguay
Michigan Tech Publications
Oak wilt disease, caused by the fungus Bretziella fagacearum, can kill mature red oaks within months of infection, severely affecting biodiversity, landscapes, and industries. The disease, originally only present in the United States, was officially reported for the first time in Canada in June 2023. The aim of this study was to suggest a standardized assay and sample processing method to optimize oak wilt detection both in infection centers and ahead of the disease front. Two previously published molecular assays, a Nested PCR and a TaqMan qPCR, were compared to detect B. fagacearum in a variety of samples in a …
Discovery Of Genes That Positively Affect Biomass And Stress Associated Traits In Poplar, Tatyana Georgieva, Yordan Yordanov, Elena Yordanova, Md Rezaul Khan, Kaiwen Lyu, Victor Busov
Discovery Of Genes That Positively Affect Biomass And Stress Associated Traits In Poplar, Tatyana Georgieva, Yordan Yordanov, Elena Yordanova, Md Rezaul Khan, Kaiwen Lyu, Victor Busov
Michigan Tech Publications
Woody biomass serves as a renewable resource for various industries, including pulp and paper production, construction, biofuels, and electricity generation. However, the molecular mechanisms behind biomass traits are poorly understood, which significantly curtails the speed and efficiency of their improvement. We used activation tagging to discover genes that can positively affect tree biomass-associated traits. We generated and screened under greenhouse conditions a population of 2,700 independent activation tagging lines. A total of 761 lines, which had significantly and positively affected at least one biomass-associated trait, were discovered. The tag was positioned in the genome for forty lines which were affected …
Coyotes Can Do ‘Puppy Dog Eyes’ Too: Comparing Interspecific Variation In Canis Facial Expression Muscles, Patrick Cunningham, Mahita Shankar, Bridgett Vonholdt, Kristin Brzeski, Sarah S. Kienle
Coyotes Can Do ‘Puppy Dog Eyes’ Too: Comparing Interspecific Variation In Canis Facial Expression Muscles, Patrick Cunningham, Mahita Shankar, Bridgett Vonholdt, Kristin Brzeski, Sarah S. Kienle
Michigan Tech Publications
Facial expressions are critical for non-verbal communication. The Canis genus epitomizes the interplay between behaviour and morphology in the evolution of non-verbal communication. Recent work suggests that the levator anguli oculi medialis (LAOM) muscle is unique to dogs (Canis familiaris) within the Canis genus and evolved due to domestication. The LAOM raises the inner eyebrows, resulting in the ‘puppy dog eyes’ expression. Here, we test whether the LAOM is a derived trait in dogs by (i) examining the facial expression muscles of a closely related and ancestral wild Canis species, the coyote (C. latrans) and (ii) comparing our results with …
Tree Diversity Across The Minneapolis-St. Paul Metropolitan Area In Relation To Climate And Social Vulnerability, Adrienne B. Keller, Leslie A. Brandt, Jeannine Cavender-Bares, Joseph F. Knight, Sarah E. Hobbie
Tree Diversity Across The Minneapolis-St. Paul Metropolitan Area In Relation To Climate And Social Vulnerability, Adrienne B. Keller, Leslie A. Brandt, Jeannine Cavender-Bares, Joseph F. Knight, Sarah E. Hobbie
Michigan Tech Publications
Urban tree canopy cover is often unequally distributed across cities such that more socially vulnerable neighborhoods often have lower tree canopy cover than less socially vulnerable neighborhoods. However, how the diversity and composition of the urban canopy affect the nature of social-ecological benefits (and burdens), including the urban forest's vulnerability to climate change, remains underexamined. Here, we synthesize tree inventories developed by multiple organizations and present a species-specific, geolocated database of more than 600,000 urban trees across the 7-county Minneapolis-St. Paul (MSP) metropolitan area in the Upper Midwest of the United States. We find that tree diversity across the MSP …
Carbon In Non-Forested Wetlands Of The Midwest And Eastern United States, Adrienne B. Keller, Stephen D. Handler
Carbon In Non-Forested Wetlands Of The Midwest And Eastern United States, Adrienne B. Keller, Stephen D. Handler
Michigan Tech Publications
Although wetlands make up a small percentage of total land area in the United States, they store a disproportionate amount of carbon largely due to their unique hydrology. Wetlands of the Midwest and Eastern regions are comprised of both mineral soil wetlands and organic soil wetlands (peatlands) and store a significant proportion of all wetland carbon in the contiguous United States. Here, a basic summary of how carbon is stored and moves through these wetlands, and how climate change and management may interact with site conditions to alter wetland carbon cycling, is provided.
Establishing Silphids In The Invertebrate Dna Toolbox: A Proof Of Concept, Katherine E. Higdon, Kristin Brzeski, Melanie A. Ottino, Tara Bal
Establishing Silphids In The Invertebrate Dna Toolbox: A Proof Of Concept, Katherine E. Higdon, Kristin Brzeski, Melanie A. Ottino, Tara Bal
Michigan Tech Publications
Environmental DNA (eDNA) analyses are an increasingly popular tool for assessing biodiversity. eDNA sampling that uses invertebrates, or invertebrate DNA (iDNA), has become a more common method in mammal biodiversity studies where biodiversity is assessed via diet analysis of different coprophagous or hematophagous invertebrates. The carrion feeding family of beetles (Silphidae: Coleoptera, Latreille (1807)), have not yet been established as a viable iDNA source in primary scientific literature, yet could be useful indicators for tracking biodiversity in forested ecosystems. Silphids find carcasses of varying size for both food and reproduction, with some species having host preference for small mammals; therefore, …
Effects Of Fire On Ecosystem Carbon In The Upper Midwest And Northeast United States : A Primer, Adrienne B. Keller, Stephen D. Handler
Effects Of Fire On Ecosystem Carbon In The Upper Midwest And Northeast United States : A Primer, Adrienne B. Keller, Stephen D. Handler
Michigan Tech Publications
Prior to European settlement, fire was a common disturbance across most of the Midwest and Eastern United States. Today, prescribed fire is used as a management tool to promote native, fire-tolerant species and reduce vulnerability to high-intensity, unplanned fires. This primer discusses how prescribed fire affects ecosystem structure and function, with a primary focus on ecosystem carbon storage and sequestration. Management considerations related to the effects of prescribed fire on ecosystem carbon and greenhouse gas mitigation goals are discussed.
Non-Native Invasive Earthworms In The Midwest And Eastern United States: A Primer, Adrienne B. Keller, Stephen Handler
Non-Native Invasive Earthworms In The Midwest And Eastern United States: A Primer, Adrienne B. Keller, Stephen Handler
Michigan Tech Publications
Prior to European settlement, earthworms were rare across most of the Midwest and Eastern United States (James 1995). This is presumably because earthworms were slow to recolonize after the last glacial period. Currently, earthworms of European and Asian origin are invading this region with demonstrable effects on soil characteristics and ecosystem functions. Eradicating non-native invasive earthworms (hereafter, “earthworms”) is generally not a realistic management goal. Still, understanding how earthworms act as ecosystem engineers will aid land managers in considering how earthworms modify local effects of climate change and management actions on natural ecosystems. Additionally, where earthworms have not yet invaded, …
Soil Organic Carbon In Temperate Managed Ecosystems : A Primer, Adrienne B. Keller, Stephen D. Handler
Soil Organic Carbon In Temperate Managed Ecosystems : A Primer, Adrienne B. Keller, Stephen D. Handler
Michigan Tech Publications
Soils store more carbon than the atmosphere and vegetation combined, an impressive fact that underscores the importance of considering soils when managing for ecosystem carbon. Not only do soils store vast amounts of carbon, but soil carbon also persists in the ecosystem for much longer than other pools of carbon. This primer is an introduction to soil organic carbon storage, sequestration, and cycling in terrestrial managed ecosystems. The effects of site factors, climate change, and management on soil carbon are discussed.
Impact Of Changing Climate On Bryophyte Contributions To Terrestrial Water, Carbon, And Nitrogen Cycles, Mandy L. Slate, Anita Antoninka, Lydia Bailey, Monica B. Berdugo, Des A. Callaghan, Mariana Cárdenas, Matthew W. Chmielewski, Nicole J. Fenton, Hannah Holland-Moritz, Samantha Hopkins, Mélanie Jean, Bier Ekaphan Kraichak, Zoë Lindo, Amelia Merced, Tobi Oke, Daniel Stanton, Julia E. Stuart, Daniel Tucker, Kirsten K. Coe
Impact Of Changing Climate On Bryophyte Contributions To Terrestrial Water, Carbon, And Nitrogen Cycles, Mandy L. Slate, Anita Antoninka, Lydia Bailey, Monica B. Berdugo, Des A. Callaghan, Mariana Cárdenas, Matthew W. Chmielewski, Nicole J. Fenton, Hannah Holland-Moritz, Samantha Hopkins, Mélanie Jean, Bier Ekaphan Kraichak, Zoë Lindo, Amelia Merced, Tobi Oke, Daniel Stanton, Julia E. Stuart, Daniel Tucker, Kirsten K. Coe
Michigan Tech Publications
Bryophytes, including the lineages of mosses, liverworts, and hornworts, are the second-largest photoautotroph group on Earth. Recent work across terrestrial ecosystems has highlighted how bryophytes retain and control water, fix substantial amounts of carbon (C), and contribute to nitrogen (N) cycles in forests (boreal, temperate, and tropical), tundra, peatlands, grasslands, and deserts. Understanding how changing climate affects bryophyte contributions to global cycles in different ecosystems is of primary importance. However, because of their small physical size, bryophytes have been largely ignored in research on water, C, and N cycles at global scales. Here, we review the literature on how bryophytes …
Fostering Effective And Sustainable Scientific Collaboration And Knowledge Exchange: A Workshop-Based Approach To Establish A National Ecological Observatory Network (Neon) Domain-Specific User Group, Alison Donnelly, Ankur R. Desai, Katherine A. Heckman, Lucas E. Nave, Michael J. Cramer, Marie Faust, Peter Weishampel, Caleb Slemmons, Christian G. Andresen, Edward Ayres, Stacy Cotey, Kathryn M. Docherty, Joshua Hatzis, Kathryn Hofmeister, Jalene M. Lamontagne, John Lenters, Noah R. Lottig, Amy Marcarelli, Jessica Miesel, Jason Riddle, Meghan Salmon-Tumas, Mike D. Sanclements, Subash Sapkota, Mark D. Schwartz, Puja Sharma, Ojaswee Shrestha, Geoffrey Vincent, Angela Waupochick, Ting Zheng, Ye Zhiwei
Fostering Effective And Sustainable Scientific Collaboration And Knowledge Exchange: A Workshop-Based Approach To Establish A National Ecological Observatory Network (Neon) Domain-Specific User Group, Alison Donnelly, Ankur R. Desai, Katherine A. Heckman, Lucas E. Nave, Michael J. Cramer, Marie Faust, Peter Weishampel, Caleb Slemmons, Christian G. Andresen, Edward Ayres, Stacy Cotey, Kathryn M. Docherty, Joshua Hatzis, Kathryn Hofmeister, Jalene M. Lamontagne, John Lenters, Noah R. Lottig, Amy Marcarelli, Jessica Miesel, Jason Riddle, Meghan Salmon-Tumas, Mike D. Sanclements, Subash Sapkota, Mark D. Schwartz, Puja Sharma, Ojaswee Shrestha, Geoffrey Vincent, Angela Waupochick, Ting Zheng, Ye Zhiwei
Michigan Tech Publications
The decision to establish a network of researchers centers on identifying shared research goals. Ecologically specific regions, such as the USA’s National Ecological Observatory Network’s (NEON’s) eco-climatic domains, are ideal locations by which to assemble researchers with a diverse range of expertise but focused on the same set of ecological challenges. The recently established Great Lakes User Group (GLUG) is NEON’s first domain specific ensemble of researchers, whose goal is to address scientific and technical issues specific to the Great Lakes Domain 5 (D05) by using NEON data to enable advancement of ecosystem science. Here, we report on GLUG’s kick …
Seasonal And Species-Level Water-Use Strategies And Groundwater Dependence In Dryland Riparian Woodlands During Extreme Drought, Jared Williams, John C. Stella, Michael Bliss Singer, Adam M. Lambert, Steve L. Voelker, John E. Drake, Jonathan M. Friedman, Lissa Pelletier, Li Kui, Dar A. Roberts
Seasonal And Species-Level Water-Use Strategies And Groundwater Dependence In Dryland Riparian Woodlands During Extreme Drought, Jared Williams, John C. Stella, Michael Bliss Singer, Adam M. Lambert, Steve L. Voelker, John E. Drake, Jonathan M. Friedman, Lissa Pelletier, Li Kui, Dar A. Roberts
Michigan Tech Publications
Drought-induced groundwater decline and warming associated with climate change are primary threats to dryland riparian woodlands. We used the extreme 2012–2019 drought in southern California as a natural experiment to assess how differences in water-use strategies and groundwater dependence may influence the drought susceptibility of dryland riparian tree species with overlapping distributions. We analyzed tree-ring stable carbon and oxygen isotopes collected from two cottonwood species (Populus trichocarpa and P. fremontii) along the semi-arid Santa Clara River. We also modeled tree source water δ18O composition to compare with observed source water δ18O within the floodplain to infer patterns of groundwater reliance. …
Changing The Culture Of Ecology From The Ground Up, Elsa Abs, Moira Hough
Changing The Culture Of Ecology From The Ground Up, Elsa Abs, Moira Hough
Michigan Tech Publications
We are two early career soil ecologists in academia who entered the field of soil ecology with the goal of studying soil-climate feedbacks to make meaningful contributions to climate change mitigation. Although our training and research extensively focused on the effects of climate change on soil ecosystems, we were not trained during our PhD nor incentivized as postdocs to work on solutions for climate change mitigation. So the question we ask here is: Given the consensus among ecologists about the urgency of the climate crisis, why is our field not promoting more solutions-oriented research in training and practice? In this …
Responses Of Vascular Plant Fine Roots And Associated Microbial Communities To Whole-Ecosystem Warming And Elevated Co2 In Northern Peatlands, Katherine Duchesneau, Camille E. Defrenne, Caitlin Petro, Avni Malhotra, Jessica A.M. Moore, Joanne Childs, Paul J. Hanson, Colleen M. Iversen, Joel E. Kostka
Responses Of Vascular Plant Fine Roots And Associated Microbial Communities To Whole-Ecosystem Warming And Elevated Co2 In Northern Peatlands, Katherine Duchesneau, Camille E. Defrenne, Caitlin Petro, Avni Malhotra, Jessica A.M. Moore, Joanne Childs, Paul J. Hanson, Colleen M. Iversen, Joel E. Kostka
Michigan Tech Publications
Warming and elevated CO2 (eCO2) are expected to facilitate vascular plant encroachment in peatlands. The rhizosphere, where microbial activity is fueled by root turnover and exudates, plays a crucial role in biogeochemical cycling, and will likely at least partially dictate the response of the belowground carbon cycle to climate changes. We leveraged the Spruce and Peatland Responses Under Changing Environments (SPRUCE) experiment, to explore the effects of a whole-ecosystem warming gradient (+0°C to 9°C) and eCO2 on vascular plant fine roots and their associated microbes. We combined trait-based approaches with the profiling of fungal and prokaryote communities in plant roots …
Photodegradation Stability Of Huminated European Pine (Pinus Sylvestris L.) Microveneers, Reza Hosseinpourpia, Amir Ghavidel
Photodegradation Stability Of Huminated European Pine (Pinus Sylvestris L.) Microveneers, Reza Hosseinpourpia, Amir Ghavidel
Michigan Tech Publications
Humins are heterogeneous and polydisperse furanic macromolecules derived from sugar biorefinery. Improving wood properties by humination has become of interest recently. This study examined the photodegradation stability of European pine sapwood microveneers modified with humins at different concentrations of citric acid (CA) and succinic acid (SA) as reaction catalysts, e.g., 1.5 %, 3 %, and 4.5 % wt.%. The photostability of huminated wood was assessed after 48 h, 96 h, and 144 h of exposure to the accelerated weathering test by means of mass loss and finite-span tensile strength. The results were compared with unmodified and also unweathered samples. The …
A Historical Contingency Hypothesis For Population Ecology, Sarah Hoy, Rolf O. Peterson, John A. Vucetich
A Historical Contingency Hypothesis For Population Ecology, Sarah Hoy, Rolf O. Peterson, John A. Vucetich
Michigan Tech Publications
Assessments of historical contingency have advanced our understanding of adaptive radiation and community ecology, but little attention has been given to assessing the importance of historical contingency in population ecology. An obstacle has been the unmet need to conceptualize historical contingencies for populations in a manner that allows for their explanatory power to be assessed and quantified so that it can be directly compared with the explanatory power of statistical models representing other hypotheses or theory-based explanations. Here we conceptualize historical contingencies as a series of random events characterized by (1) significant legacy effects that are comparable in length to …
Shifting The Language Of ‘Invasion’ Ecology: Two-Eyed Seeing As A Framework For Discourse Regarding Introduced Species, Shelby Nicole Lane-Clark, Valoree Gagnon, Tara Bal
Shifting The Language Of ‘Invasion’ Ecology: Two-Eyed Seeing As A Framework For Discourse Regarding Introduced Species, Shelby Nicole Lane-Clark, Valoree Gagnon, Tara Bal
Michigan Tech Publications
Discourse used in the field of invasion ecology has significant impacts on society's perception, yet communication related to “invasives” is rife with problematic, exclusionary language. We provide potential solutions, including a repositioned perspective that may facilitate better relationships with the natural world by applying the two-eyed seeing framework. Our discussion calls for a paradigm shift for deeper understandings of human and more-than-human relationships. Ultimately, we advocate for respectful, considerate, and intentional language and stewardship.
A Flexible Inventory Of Survey Items For Environmental Concepts Generated Via Special Attention To Content Validity And Item Response Theory, John A. Vucetich, Jeremy T. Bruskotter, Benjamin Ghasemi, Claire E. Rapp, Michael Paul Nelson, Kristina M. Slagle
A Flexible Inventory Of Survey Items For Environmental Concepts Generated Via Special Attention To Content Validity And Item Response Theory, John A. Vucetich, Jeremy T. Bruskotter, Benjamin Ghasemi, Claire E. Rapp, Michael Paul Nelson, Kristina M. Slagle
Michigan Tech Publications
We demonstrate how many important measures of belief about the environmental suffer from poor content validity and inadequate conceptual breadth (dimensionality). We used scholarship in environmental science and philosophy to propose a list of 13 environmental concepts that can be held as beliefs. After precisely articulating the concepts, we developed 85 trial survey items that emphasized content validity for each concept. The concepts’ breadth and the items’ content validity were aided by scrutiny from 17 knowledgeable critics. We administered the trial items to 449 residents of the United States and used item response theory to reduce the 85 trial items …