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2013

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Articles 331 - 360 of 409

Full-Text Articles in Forest Sciences

Sustainable Approach To Produce Bioethanol From Karanja (Pongamia Pinnata) Oilseed Residue, Pooja Doshi, Gopal Srivastava Jan 2013

Sustainable Approach To Produce Bioethanol From Karanja (Pongamia Pinnata) Oilseed Residue, Pooja Doshi, Gopal Srivastava

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Agricultural biomass is the world's largest, most sustainable, and most promising renewable energy source. This study investigated the potential of Karanja (Pongamia pinnata) oilseed residual waste (defatted kernel, hull, and their mixture) as a source of ethanol. The pretreatment of the finely ground samples was carried out using dilute sulfuric acid (0.5%) hydrolysis at a higher temperature of 121 °C and 15 psi pressure for 90 min. The pretreatment usually removes the lignin and facilitates the hydrolysis of cellulose and hemicelluloses. They were further hydrolyzed using 5% H_2SO_4 at 50 °C for 70 h. The analyses of hydrolyzed products have …

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Determination Of The Impact Of Creeping Of Furniture Joints On Their Rigidity, Jerzy Smardzewski, Robert Klos, Beata Fabisiak Jan 2013

Determination Of The Impact Of Creeping Of Furniture Joints On Their Rigidity, Jerzy Smardzewski, Robert Klos, Beata Fabisiak

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The study presents research results on the effect of creeping on changes in the rigidity of selected joints used in constructions of upholstered furniture, expressed as the substitute modulus of elasticity Ez. The modulus was calculated analytically for this purpose using the Maxwell-Mohr constitutive equation. In addition, actual runs of creeping curves were determined and a theoretical model well describing the obtained results was selected. Simultaneously, a detailed statistical analysis was carried out. It was found that creeping exerted a significant impact on the mechanical quality of the examined joints by reducing their substitute modulus of elasticity by 11%-16%. This …

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Comparative Study On The Prebleaching Of Bamboo And Hardwood Pulps Produced In Kharnaphuli Paper Mills, Md Sarwar Jahan, Md Milton Hosen, Md Mostafizur Rahman Jan 2013

Comparative Study On The Prebleaching Of Bamboo And Hardwood Pulps Produced In Kharnaphuli Paper Mills, Md Sarwar Jahan, Md Milton Hosen, Md Mostafizur Rahman

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In order to lower bleaching costs, various prebleaching methods have been investigated. In the current work 3 prebleaching methods, peroxyformic acid, oxygen, and xylanase, were investigated in bamboo and hardwood kraft pulp produced by Kharnaphuli Paper Mills. Among these 3 methods, peroxyformic acid showed the most promising results. Peroxyformic acid prebleaching reduced kappa numbers by 38% and 30% and increased brightness by 12.2% and 8.6% in hardwood and bamboo pulp, respectively. Using 30 kg ClO_2 t^{-1} of pulp, hardwood pulp attained 77.2% brightness, while peroxyformic-acid-prebleached pulp attained 86% brightness without a reduction in viscosity in D_0E_pD_1 bleaching sequences. To achieve …

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Aspen Status Report And Recommendation For The Book Cliffs, Paul C. Rogers, Cody M. Mittanck, Ronald J. Ryel Jan 2013

Aspen Status Report And Recommendation For The Book Cliffs, Paul C. Rogers, Cody M. Mittanck, Ronald J. Ryel

Aspen Bibliography

Regionally quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) forests are experiencing numerous impediments to resilience. In the West, recent drought, fire suppression, insects, diseases, climate trends, inappropriate management, and ungulate herbivory are impacting these high biodiversity forests. We conducted a landscape assessment of aspen communities in the Book Cliffs region, Vernal Field Office of the Bureau of Land Management, for the purposes of determining landscape-level status of aspen and making recommendations for future management of these forests. The study area consists of 268 distinct aspen polygons totaling approximately 70 ha (174 acres) of aspen forest surrounded by much larger tracts of …

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Book Cliffs Roadless Area Aspen Study 2013 : Grand & Uintah Counties, Utah, Cody M. Mittanck Jan 2013

Book Cliffs Roadless Area Aspen Study 2013 : Grand & Uintah Counties, Utah, Cody M. Mittanck

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

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Geo 585 Final Project: A Study In The Gordon Natural Area, James Gregory, Tim Snow, Matt Long Jan 2013

Geo 585 Final Project: A Study In The Gordon Natural Area, James Gregory, Tim Snow, Matt Long

Gordon Natural Area Biodiversity Studies Documents

No abstract provided.

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Threshold Responses Of Forest Birds To Landscape Changes Around Exurban Development, Todd R. Lookingbill, Marcela Suarez-Rubio, Scott Wilson, Peter Leimgruber Jan 2013

Threshold Responses Of Forest Birds To Landscape Changes Around Exurban Development, Todd R. Lookingbill, Marcela Suarez-Rubio, Scott Wilson, Peter Leimgruber

Geography and the Environment Faculty Publications

Low-density residential development (i.e., exurban development) is often embedded within a matrix of protected areas and natural amenities, raising concern about its ecological consequences. Forest-dependent species are particularly susceptible to human settlement even at low housing densities typical of exurban areas. However, few studies have examined the response of forest birds to this increasingly common form of land conversion. The aim of this study was to assess whether, how, and at what scale forest birds respond to changes in habitat due to exurban growth. We evaluated changes in habitat composition (amount) and configuration (arrangement) for forest and forest-edge species around …

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A Predictive Model For Soil Seed Bank Outcomes In The Pyrenophora Semeniperda-Bromus Tectorum Pathosystem, Phil Stewart Allen, Susan E. Meyer, Julie Beckstead Jan 2013

A Predictive Model For Soil Seed Bank Outcomes In The Pyrenophora Semeniperda-Bromus Tectorum Pathosystem, Phil Stewart Allen, Susan E. Meyer, Julie Beckstead

Biology Faculty Scholarship

Pyrenophora semeniperda is abundant in soil seed banks of Bromus tectorum, where it kills a fraction of seeds throughout the year. The pathogen engages in a race with host seeds for endosperm resources; the pathogen success is negatively correlated with seed germination speed. We developed a deterministic model to predict pathosystem outcomes (seed death versus seed escape), using seed bank data from 80 sites collected over a 13-year period. The response variable (killed seeds in the spring seed bank) was regressed on multiple predictor variables (pathogen and host densities at seed dispersal, amount and timing of precipitation). Increased mortality …

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Seed Priming Improves Irrigation Water Use Efficiency, Yield, And Yield Components Of Late-Sown Wheat Under Limited Water Conditions, Hakoomat Ali, Nadeem Iqbal, Ahmad Naeem Shahzad, Naeem Sarwar, Shakeel Ahmad, Athar Mehmood Jan 2013

Seed Priming Improves Irrigation Water Use Efficiency, Yield, And Yield Components Of Late-Sown Wheat Under Limited Water Conditions, Hakoomat Ali, Nadeem Iqbal, Ahmad Naeem Shahzad, Naeem Sarwar, Shakeel Ahmad, Athar Mehmood

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

A randomized complete block design field study with split plot arrangements was conducted during 2006-2007 and 2007-2008 at the Agronomic Research Station in Khanewal, Pakistan, to evaluate if seed priming could improve grain yield and water use efficiency of late-sown wheat under limited water supply conditions. Seeds of cultivar Inqlab-91 received one of the following treatments: they were soaked in aerated distilled water for 12 or 24 h (hydropriming), layered between moist gunny bags for 12 or 24 h (matriconditioning), soaked in tap water for 12 h (on-farm priming), or hydroprimed for 12 h and then kept at -20 °C …

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National Smokejumper Assocation Trail Maintenance Annual Report For 2012, National Smokejumper Association Trails Committee Jan 2013

National Smokejumper Assocation Trail Maintenance Annual Report For 2012, National Smokejumper Association Trails Committee

Trails Reports

The Trails Maintenance Program Annual Reports compiled by the National Smokejumper Association Trails Committee summarizes the activities of the Trails Program. The members of the program also go by the title Trails Restoration and Maintenance Project Specialists (TRAMPS). The contents of the 2011 report include: Volunteer of the Year; Others Who Helped us out; Logistics Report; Accomplishments Report; Tax Exempt Status; Art Jukkala Trail; Bear Creek; Bear Lake Trails; Blue Bend Rec. Area; USFS/BWCAW/WCB/GTHS Project; Snowbank Lake Trail; Dixie; Dry Gulch Trail; Challenge Cr. Cabin/Corral; Big Bill Cabin; Greenwood Cabin; Horse Butte Lookout; Huckleberry Lookout; Little Dead Elk; Mann Gulch-Phase …

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Agroforestry And Smallholder Farmers: Climate Change Adaptation Through Sustainable Land Use, Colin Mccabe Jan 2013

Agroforestry And Smallholder Farmers: Climate Change Adaptation Through Sustainable Land Use, Colin Mccabe

Capstone Collection

Agriculture in the developing world will be extremely hard hit by climate change, and smallholder farmers in Least Developed Countries (LDCs) are among the most vulnerable to its impacts. There is a range of agricultural adaptations to climate change, and each context demands a unique appraisal of impacts and adaptations based on specific geography, local climate variability and expected change, and social conditions. The term “climate-smart agriculture” (CSA) has come to embody a set of practices in crop and livestock cultivation that 1) reduce greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation), 2) build resilience to the impacts of climate change for …

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Plant Micrornas: New Players In Functional Genomics, Vahap Eldem, Sezer Okay, Turgay Ünver Jan 2013

Plant Micrornas: New Players In Functional Genomics, Vahap Eldem, Sezer Okay, Turgay Ünver

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, endogenously expressed, and nonprotein coding RNAs that regulate gene expression via post-transcriptional inhibition and cleavage. To date, several plant miRNAs have been identified via direct cloning, high-throughput sequencing, and bioinformatics analyses. The miRNAs participate in RNA-induced gene silencing complex, and specifically repress the target gene transcripts. Thus, miRNAs regulate the expression of genes playing diverse roles in plants, such as root initiation, leaf morphology, flower development, and response to environmental stimuli. A number of miRNAs have been identified and functionally characterized in eukaryotes. In this review, we discuss the functional roles of miRNAs in plant development …

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Multiple Shoot Regeneration Of Plumular Apices Of Chickpea, Muhammad Aasim, Si̇bel Day, Fereshteh Rezaei, Mortaza Hajyzadeh Jan 2013

Multiple Shoot Regeneration Of Plumular Apices Of Chickpea, Muhammad Aasim, Si̇bel Day, Fereshteh Rezaei, Mortaza Hajyzadeh

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important grain legume used almost all over the world. Development of new repeatable and reliable tissue culture protocols is very important for improvement of breeding and genetic transformation studies. It is a highly recalcitrant plant and there is an urgent need to develop a regeneration protocol that can ensure easy multiple and qualitative superior shoots that could be rooted and yield fertile plants. Unconditioned plumular apices and plumular apices preconditioned with 10 mg L^{-1} benzylaminopurine (BA) for 10 days were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.25-2.00 mg L^{-1} BA with …

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Micropropagation Of Vaccinium Arctostaphylos L. Via Lateral-Bud Culture, Mustafa Cüce, Ersan Bektaş, Atalay Sökmen Jan 2013

Micropropagation Of Vaccinium Arctostaphylos L. Via Lateral-Bud Culture, Mustafa Cüce, Ersan Bektaş, Atalay Sökmen

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The aim of this study was to determine the most suitable growth medium for rapid and efficient micropropagation of Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. (Ericaceae) via lateral-bud cultures. According to preliminary studies, the best explant collection time was late April and May. Accordingly, cuttings were taken from naturally growing V. arctostaphylos populations, and lateral shoot buds were used as explant sources. Anderson's rhododendron medium (AN), McCown's woody plant medium (WPM), and Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium, each supplemented with zeatin/indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (1.0/0.1 mg L^{-1}), were tested to determine the best basal medium for multiple shoot formation; WPM was the most …

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Online Tomato Sorting Based On Shape, Maturity, Size, And Surface Defects Using Machine Vision, Omid Omidi Arjenaki, Parviz Ahmadi Moghaddam, Asad Moddares Motlagh Jan 2013

Online Tomato Sorting Based On Shape, Maturity, Size, And Surface Defects Using Machine Vision, Omid Omidi Arjenaki, Parviz Ahmadi Moghaddam, Asad Moddares Motlagh

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Online sorting of tomatoes according to their features is an important postharvest procedure. The purpose of this research was to develop an efficient machine vision-based experimental sorting system for tomatoes. Relevant sorting parameters included shape (oblong and circular), size (small and large), maturity (color), and defects. The variables defining shape, maturity, and size of the tomatoes were eccentricity, average of color components, and 2-D pixel area, respectively. Tomato defects include color disorders, growth cracks, sunscald, and early blight. The sorting system involved the use of a CCD camera, a microcontroller, sensors, and a computer. Images were analyzed with an algorithm …

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Ecology, Toxicity, And Hydrolytic Activities Of Bacillus Thuringiensis In Forests, Fouad Al-Momani, Maher Obeidat Jan 2013

Ecology, Toxicity, And Hydrolytic Activities Of Bacillus Thuringiensis In Forests, Fouad Al-Momani, Maher Obeidat

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The investigation of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) in 16 forest soil samples from Ajloun, northern Jordan, involved the isolation of 23 isolates toxic to the third instar dipteran larvae of Drosophila melanogaster and 7 isolates toxic to the third instar lepidopteran larvae of Ephestia kuehniella. The highest viable count of Bt was found in Ebeen forest soils (14.24 × 10^7 CFU g^{-1}), and the lowest viable count was found in Rasoun forest soils. The lethal concentration (LC_{50}) of Bt isolates indicated a variation in their toxicity to D. melanogaster and E. kuehniella larvae, with lower LC_{50} values for D. melanogaster suggesting …

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Effects Of Thinning Intensity On The Growth Of Narrow-Leaved Ash (Fraxinus Angustifolia Subsp. Oxycarpa) Plantations, Emrah Çi̇çek, Faruk Yilmaz, Ali̇ Kemal Özbayram, Mehmet Efe, Murat Yilmaz, Ayhan Usta Jan 2013

Effects Of Thinning Intensity On The Growth Of Narrow-Leaved Ash (Fraxinus Angustifolia Subsp. Oxycarpa) Plantations, Emrah Çi̇çek, Faruk Yilmaz, Ali̇ Kemal Özbayram, Mehmet Efe, Murat Yilmaz, Ayhan Usta

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Narrow-leaved ash (Fraxinus angustifolia) is one of the important broadleaved tree species, and it is becoming more important in European forestry because of its valuable wood and fast growing ability. Despite its wide natural range and high economic value, there is little or very limited information about the effects of thinning on the growth and development of ash stands, especially in plantations. In this study, 2 thinning experiments were carried out to determine the effects of thinning intensity on the growth of diameter, height, basal area, and volume in narrow-leaved ash plantations over a 6-year period in Adapazarı, Turkey. In …

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Forest Management Issues Of The Southern United States And Comparisons With Turkey, Pete Bettinger, Jacek Siry, Chris Cieszewski, Krista L. Merry, Hayati̇ Zengi̇n, Ahmet Yeşi̇l Jan 2013

Forest Management Issues Of The Southern United States And Comparisons With Turkey, Pete Bettinger, Jacek Siry, Chris Cieszewski, Krista L. Merry, Hayati̇ Zengi̇n, Ahmet Yeşi̇l

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Most of the forest area in the southern United States has been cleared, regrown, purchased, and sold several times over the last 200 years, and forest management practices generally focus on wood production. Agricultural expansion, use, and the abandonment of land have been the major forces behind land use change, and now human population expansion is a major issue. The land tenure system of the United States has allowed individuals and companies to acquire, use, and sell land since the time of European colonization; thus, private ownership of land dominates the southern region. However, new private, corporate, nonindustrial entities have …

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Free Vibration Of Both-Ends Clamped Wooden Beams: Is It Potentially Applicable As An In Situ Assessment Method?, Mehran Roohnia, Abdolsaber Yaghmaeipour, Yoshitaka Kubojima, Ajang Tajdini Jan 2013

Free Vibration Of Both-Ends Clamped Wooden Beams: Is It Potentially Applicable As An In Situ Assessment Method?, Mehran Roohnia, Abdolsaber Yaghmaeipour, Yoshitaka Kubojima, Ajang Tajdini

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Considerable errors caused by shear deflection and rotary inertia in both-ends clamped flexural vibration make the modulus of elasticity hardly obtainable in flexurally excited beams with similar ending conditions. As both-ends clamped beams and columns are necessarily quality controlled in situ within the building structures, this study has attempted to identify some initial requirements for the dynamic responses of a sound both-ends clamped beam under flexural vibration. Accordingly, the dynamic responses of the both-ends clamped wooden beams in radial and tangential flexural vibration were compared to beams in a free-free condition while stepwise increasing axial compressions were applied to the …

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Adhesion Properties Of Some Protective Layers Exposed To Outside Weather Conditions For Five Years, Mehmet Budakçi, Ci̇hat Taşçioğlu Jan 2013

Adhesion Properties Of Some Protective Layers Exposed To Outside Weather Conditions For Five Years, Mehmet Budakçi, Ci̇hat Taşçioğlu

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In this study, the long-term (5-year) performances of 2 varnish systems, semitransparent alkyd-based brown stain (SABBS) and alkyd-based clear varnish (ABCV), were evaluated on preservative-treated Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) sapwood. Prior to varnish application, specimens were impregnated with 2 different types of wood preservative. The experimental variables were varnish type, layer thickness, and wood preservative. ASTM D 1641 was followed for exposing wood specimens to outdoor conditions. The effects of long-term exposure on adhesion properties of applied varnish systems were tested according to ASTM D 4541. Long-term outdoor exposure resulted in 4.2% and 33.9% reductions in the adhesion properties …

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The Effect Of Tillage Systems On Yield And Quality Of Durum Wheat Cultivars, Andrzej Wozniak Jan 2013

The Effect Of Tillage Systems On Yield And Quality Of Durum Wheat Cultivars, Andrzej Wozniak

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

A field experiment was conducted for 3 years, from 2008 to 2010, in Uhrusk, Poland, to investigate the effect of tillage systems on the yield and quality of durum wheat cultivars Floradur and Lloyd. The 3 tillage systems were: 1) conventional tillage (CT) - shallow ploughing and harrowing after harvest of the previous crop, ploughing in the autumn; 2) reduced tillage (RT) - only a cultivator was used after harvest of the previous crop; and 3) herbicide tillage (HT) - only Roundup 360 SL was used after harvest of the previous crop. Both cultivars were found to respond differently to …

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Mitigation Effects Of Glycinebetaine On Oxidative Stress And Some Key Growth Parameters Of Maize Exposed To Salt Stress, Cengi̇z Kaya, Osman Sönmez, Sali̇h Aydemi̇r, Murat Di̇ki̇li̇taş Jan 2013

Mitigation Effects Of Glycinebetaine On Oxidative Stress And Some Key Growth Parameters Of Maize Exposed To Salt Stress, Cengi̇z Kaya, Osman Sönmez, Sali̇h Aydemi̇r, Murat Di̇ki̇li̇taş

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of glycinebetaine (GB) on oxidative stress and some key growth parameters in maize (Zea mays L. 'DK 647 F1') grown under saline conditions. Maize seedlings were grown in pots containing perlite. The experiment was designed in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with 2 levels (0 and 100 mM) of sodium chloride (NaCl) and 2 levels (25 and 50 mM) of GB sprayed onto leaves of maize seedlings. Saline stress caused a considerable decline in total dry matter, chlorophyll content, relative water content (RWC), peroxidase (POD; EC. 1.11.1.7), and …

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Selection Of Potential Autochthonous Starter Cultures From Shalgam, A Traditional Turkish Lactic Acid-Fermented Beverage, Hasan Tangüler, Hüseyi̇n Erten Jan 2013

Selection Of Potential Autochthonous Starter Cultures From Shalgam, A Traditional Turkish Lactic Acid-Fermented Beverage, Hasan Tangüler, Hüseyi̇n Erten

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The present study was done to select the potential autochthonous lactic acid bacteria (LAB) for the production of shalgam, which is a traditional Turkish lactic acid-fermented beverage. Eighteen LAB belonging to the genera Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Pediococcus, and Leuconostoc isolated previously from shalgam samples produced in the university laboratory and by small- and large-scale producers in industry were used. Pasteurized black carrot juice was inoculated individually with these selected LAB strains and fermented for 10 days. The strains of Lb. plantarum gave the highest numbers during fermentations with a range of 9.40-9.16 log cfu mL^{-1}. Lb. plantarum^{bx} produced the highest total …

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The Effect Of Mesotrione Applied With Adjuvants On Weed Control Efficacy And Forage Sorghum Tolerance, Robert Idziak, Witold Skrzypczak, Hubert Waligóra, Zenon Woznica Jan 2013

The Effect Of Mesotrione Applied With Adjuvants On Weed Control Efficacy And Forage Sorghum Tolerance, Robert Idziak, Witold Skrzypczak, Hubert Waligóra, Zenon Woznica

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Field experiments were conducted over 2 years to determine the influence of timing, rate, and method of application of mesotrione on weed control, forage sorghum injury, and fresh weight biomass. Sucrosorgo 506 sorghum was treated with 120 and 80 g ha^{-1} of mesotrione with petroleum oil (PO) or methylated seed oil (MSO) plus 28% N urea-ammonium nitrate liquid fertilizer (UAN). Mesotrione was applied once between the 4- and 6-leaf stages of sorghum or split and applied between the 2- and 3-leaf and the 6- and 7-leaf stages in 2 equal applications, with or without adjuvants. Mesotrione at 120 g ha^{-1} …

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Effects Of Organic Manures And Non-Chemical Weed Control On Wheat. Ii. Grain Quality, Sancar Bulut, Ali̇ Öztürk, Mehmet Murat Karaoğlu, Nesri̇n Yildiz Jan 2013

Effects Of Organic Manures And Non-Chemical Weed Control On Wheat. Ii. Grain Quality, Sancar Bulut, Ali̇ Öztürk, Mehmet Murat Karaoğlu, Nesri̇n Yildiz

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Deficit plant nutrients, especially nitrogen, and weed competition are the most critical problems in organic farming. This research was carried out on research plots of the Agricultural Research and Extension Center of Atatürk University Agricultural Faculty during the cropping seasons of 2006-07, 2007-08, and 2008-09 under dry farming conditions. A factorial experimental design with 4 replications was used to set up the experimental plots. The factors were 2 wheat cultivars (Kırik and Doğu-88), 3 weed control practices (weedy control, hand weeding, dense sowing), and 7 fertilizer sources [control, standard inorganic (NP), Bio-Organic (Bio), Bio-SR Organic (Bio SR), Leonardite, Organic fertilizer …

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Development Of Short Gssrs In G. Arboreum And Their Utilization In Phylogenetic Studies, Tayyaba Shaheen, Yusuf Zafar, James M. Stewart, Mehboob-Ur Rahman Jan 2013

Development Of Short Gssrs In G. Arboreum And Their Utilization In Phylogenetic Studies, Tayyaba Shaheen, Yusuf Zafar, James M. Stewart, Mehboob-Ur Rahman

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Microsatellite regions in DNA fragments of Gossypium arboreum were explored and PCR products 500-800 bp long were analyzed for genomic simple sequence repeats (gSSRs). From 39 segments, 23 short gSSRs were identified; on average they occurred every 1.6 kb. Primers were used to amplify fragments from 18 diploid species representing 6 diploid genomes and 1 tetraploid species, G. hirsutum (AD). The phylogeny of diploid genomes was subsequently determined. No primer amplified the DNA from all genotypes; however, amplification occurred in 59% of 437 PCR events. All genomes were grouped into 2 clusters (a and b). The obtained phylogeny of the …

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Changes In Phenolic Content Of Wild And Greenhouse-Grown Hypericum Triquetrifolium During Plant Development, Cüneyt Çirak, Jolita Radusiene, Birute Kapraviciene, Necdet Çamaş, Mehmet Serhat Odabaş Jan 2013

Changes In Phenolic Content Of Wild And Greenhouse-Grown Hypericum Triquetrifolium During Plant Development, Cüneyt Çirak, Jolita Radusiene, Birute Kapraviciene, Necdet Çamaş, Mehmet Serhat Odabaş

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Hypericum triquetrifolium is a promising medicinal plant from eastern Europe and the Mediterranean area. The present study was conducted to determine ontogenetic and morphogenetic variation of chlorogenic acid, rutin, hyperoside, isoquercetin, quercitrin, and quercetin content in this species. The wild-growing and greenhouse-grown plants were harvested at vegetative, floral budding, full flowering, fresh fruiting, and mature fruiting stages and were dissected into stem, leaf, and reproductive tissues, which were dried separately and subsequently assayed for bioactive compounds by high performance liquid chromatography. Chemical contents in whole plants increased during plant phenology and, generally, higher accumulation levels were observed in wild plants. …

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Effects Of Winter Green Manuring On Organic Cucumber Production In Unheated Greenhouse Conditions, Yüksel Tüzel, Hale Duyar, Gölgen Bahar Özteki̇n, Özlem Kiliç, Di̇lek Anaç, Ni̇lgün Madanlar, Zeynep Yoldaş Jan 2013

Effects Of Winter Green Manuring On Organic Cucumber Production In Unheated Greenhouse Conditions, Yüksel Tüzel, Hale Duyar, Gölgen Bahar Özteki̇n, Özlem Kiliç, Di̇lek Anaç, Ni̇lgün Madanlar, Zeynep Yoldaş

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The effects of winter green manure crops on organic cucumber production were determined in unheated greenhouse conditions in order to integrate soil building and conservation practices, which are critically important in greenhouse production without crop rotation. The study was conducted between 2006 and 2008 to compare (1) pea (Pisum sativum L.), (2) Italian rye-grass (Lolium multiflorum L.), and (3) common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) as winter green manure plants. These treatments were compared with a control without green manuring (4). All of the plots were divided into halves, and poultry manure was applied as 0 (-PM) and 0.75 kg m^{-2} …

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Interactive Effects Of Seed Size And Drought Stress On Growth And Allocation Of Quercus Brantii Lindl. Seedlings From Two Provenances, Roghayeh Zolfaghari, Payam Fayyaz, Mona Nazari, Fernando Valladares Jan 2013

Interactive Effects Of Seed Size And Drought Stress On Growth And Allocation Of Quercus Brantii Lindl. Seedlings From Two Provenances, Roghayeh Zolfaghari, Payam Fayyaz, Mona Nazari, Fernando Valladares

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Quercus brantii is an important tree species in Zagros forests. Summer drought imposes severe limitations in Q. brantii forests, making reforestation with this species in general very difficult. This is further complicated by the limited ecophysiological information for this species. To improve our understanding of factors affecting the drought tolerance of Q. brantii at early critical life stages, we explored the influence of seed size and provenance on growth and survival of Q. brantii seedlings under drought. As expected, drought reduced growth and survival and increased the root-to-shoot ratio, with larger acorns rendering more vigorous growth than small ones. There …

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Auxetic Springs For Seating, Jerzy Smardzewski Jan 2013

Auxetic Springs For Seating, Jerzy Smardzewski

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

It is commonly believed that furniture spring systems are far more durable and friendly to use than foam systems. The aim of this research project was to design and realise models of individual auxetic compression springs and determine their resistance to cyclic as well as prolonged static loads. The study was conducted using numerical calculations and verification of results by laboratory experiments. The results of the performed investigations made it possible to conclude that the designed spring had stiffness characteristics similar to the compression characteristics of polyurethane foams. Cyclical and prolonged static loads have no significant influence on changes in …

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