Forest Sciences Commons^™

Vascular Flora Of Three Watersheds In The Fernow Experimental Forest And Factors Influencing Species Composition Of The Herbaceous Layer, Staci Dudash Smith Aulick

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Herbaceous layer communities respond to a number of environmental variables in forests: thus, study of the herb layer is essential for a more complete understanding of the forest ecosystem. The objectives of this study were to (1) describe the flora of the watersheds. (2) describe the species richness and diversity of watersheds 3, 4 , and 7 of the Fernow Experimental Forest, Parsons, West Virginia, and (3) examine stand and soil variables and their influence on the herbaceous communities or the forest. Watersheds were selected on the basis of stand age/history (WS3 "20yr, clearcut; WS7 "20 yr. clearcut and herbicide: …

Bulletin 4274 - Tree Planting On The High Rainfall Coastal Plain, Don Bennett, Richard George

Bulletins 4000 -

Careful planning can mean the difference between the success or failure of a tree planting program . Healthy , well-e stablished trees stand a better chance of survival, grow faster and are more resistant to insect attack. The need for time-consuming watering in summer is also eliminated.

The high rainfall coastal plain extends from Perth to Busselton and inland to the Darling Scarp. It receives about 800 to 1000 mm annual rainfall.

Site preparation is ideally started in summer. For a winter planting, decide before March where to plant, which varieties and how many trees to plant. Early planning allows …

Honey Production In Western Australia, Rob Manning

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

the first ever survey of the potential production and value of apiary products from the south-west of Western Australia has shown beekeepers are collecting only 10 per cent of the potential honey crop.

The biggeest losses in honey production are caused by the enviroment, such as protracted drought, and extreme temperatures, heavy rain and cyclones during flowering. Fire, apiary sites leased but not used, and logging of forests also reduce the availability of apiary sites for honey production.

Western Forests And Air Pollution, United States Environmental Protection Agency

Pollution

This book addresses the relationships between air pollution in the western United States and trends in the growth and condition of Western coniferous forests. The West is defined in this case as the eleven conterminous states of California, Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico, Utah, Colorado, Wyoming, and Montana. Approximately one-third of the West is forested, primarily by coniferous forest types.

Optimum Cone Collection Period In Arkansas For Establishing In Vitro Cultures Of Loblolly Pine (Pinus Taeda L.), Jameel M. Al-Khayri, Feng H. Huang, H. T. Zhang

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

This study was conducted to determine the optimum period to collect loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) cones that contain embryos with the greatest capacity to produce embryogenic callus for establishing somatic embryogenesis. Cones were collected from trees at the University of Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Fayetteville, in 1991 during four consecutive months: May, June, July, and August. Seeds were extracted and disinfected in 70% ethanol for 1 min, 50% Clorox for 20 min, followed by four water rinses. Seed coats were removed, and embryos were cultured on DCR medium adjusted to pH 5.7 and supplemented with 3 mg/L 2,4-D, 0.5 …

Using Physical, Chemical And Biological Indicators To Assess Water Quality On The Ouachita National Forest Utilizing Basin Area Stream Survey Methods, J. Alan Clingenpeel, Betty G. Cochran

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Ouachita National Forest (ONF) has developed a series of Best Management Practices (BMP's) designed to protect water quality and associated beneficial uses (fisheries, municipal water supplies, etc.). A monitoring program is necessary to document the effectiveness of that protection. The Basin Area Stream Survey (BASS) methodology provides a monitoring link from BMP's to the aquatic ecosystems. The goal of BASS is to identify the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of a stream in a format that will allow comparisons with other streams, and indicate when a stream is being impacted. Six index streams within two ecoregions were selected and …

Bugs! Bugs! Bugs! Not Just For Children Anymore! Seeking A National Perspective, David L. Kulhavy

Faculty Publications

Insects as interpretive tools are an invaluable resource for the interpreter. There are many uses, from live insect displays to pinned specimens to the use of insects puppets in classrooms, conferences or other interpretive arenas. In this paper, the use of mealworms, the monarch butterfly as a candidate for our national insect, and the demonstration of insect locomotion are presented. The key to successful interpretation using insects is to encourage audience participation, exude enthusiasm, and promote the use of insects as an easy resource to acquire.

Nutrient Chemistry Of A Reconstructed Forested Wetland In Rowan County, Kentucky, David M. Blevins

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biology by David M. Blevins on May 10, 1991.

Protecting Biological Diversity: A Major Challenge For Minnesota Forestry In The 1990s, David C. Zumeta

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

One of the most significant challenges to Minnesota forestry in the 1990s will be responding to growing public concern about relationships between forestry in Minnesota and global and national environmental issues (e.g., protecting biological diversity, tropical deforestation). Influential citizens and public interest groups are asking penetrating questions about the effects of forest management and timber harvesting on biological diversity, and about parallels between tropical deforestation and timber harvesting in Minnesota.

This article examines some of the relationships between Minnesota forestry and biological diversity. It also describes what is being done, and what needs to be done, to protect biological diversity. …

Invertebrate Responses To The Effects Of Thinning And Understory Burning In A Canyon Live Oak (Quercus Chrysolepis) Forest In The San Bernardino Mountains, California, Marcia Gay Narog

Theses Digitization Project

No abstract provided.

Silviculture And The Red-Cockaded Woodpecker: Where Do We Go From Here?, David Kulhavy, W. G. Ross, Richard N. Conner, James H. Mitchell, Gloria Maples Chrismer

Faculty Publications

Recent standards and guidelines for the protection and management of red-cockaded woodpecker habitat within 3/4 mi of colony sites, and also thinning within colonies to reduce basal area and midstory will have a significant effect on National Forest lands. The relation of these thinnings to forest pest management will be examined as well as the area of forest involved. Current fire regulations in relation to prescribed burns and potential fuel buildup will be examined. Plans for research, including disturbances, hazard, and risk rating for southern pine beetle and landscape changes will be presented.

Physiology Of Red-Cockaded Woodpecker Cavity Trees: Implications For Management, William G. Ross, David Kulhavy, Richard N. Conner, Jianghua Sun

Faculty Publications

Resin flow and tree moisture stress, frequently used as indicators of pine susceptibility to pine bark beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis Zimm.) attack, were measured in loblolly (Pinus taeda L.) and shortleaf (P. echinata Mill.) pines red-cockaded woodpecker [Picoides boreal& (Vieillot)] cavity trees in the Angelina and Davy Crockett National Forests in eastern Texas. No differences in moisture stress were found, whereas resin flow between different types of cavity trees and control or potential trees varied by site and species. It was concluded that effects of red-cockaded woodpecker activity on host tree susceptibility to southern pine beetle will vary by site, tree …

Remnant Vegetation On Farms Is A Valuable Resource, Richard Hobbs, Ken Wallace

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Retention of native vegetation on farms is important both from an ecological and an economic point of view. Productivity in the paddocks ultimately will depend on the retention and replacement of trees and shrubs in the landscape. Remnants of native vegetation can play their part by helping to ensure the long-term viability of the agricultural system, as well as greatly enhancing the quality of life for those living on the land.

Feeding By Reticulitermes Spp., Deborah A. Waller

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Maine's Endangered And Threatened Plants, Maine State Planning Office

Maine Collection

Maine's Endangered and Threatened Plants

Executive Department, Maine State Planning Office, Critical Areas Program, 1990.

Preliminary Study To Determine The Effect Of Microwaves On Green Wood, Rudolph J. Eichenberger

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A preliminary study was done to determine the moisture content of green wood by treating the wood with microwaves in an oven for various times between 1 and 4 minutes. The temperature of the wood was measured immediately following the radiation with a probe interfaced to a microcomputer and with a mercury-in-glass thermometer. Temperature probes were inserted into the wood samples. Actual moisture content of the wood was determined by weighing the samples before and after drying. Half of the samples exhibited a directly proportional relationship between moisture content and temperature after microwaving. The linear relationship was not generalizable to …

Spruce Budworm In Maine: The End Of The Outbreak: Biological Conditions In 1986, 1987, And 1988, And A Look At The Future, Henry Trial Jr.

Maine Collection

Spruce Budworm in Maine: The End of the Outbreak: Biological Conditions in 1986, 1987, and 1988, and a Look at the Future

by Henry Trial, Jr., Insect and Disease Management Division

Technical Report No. 28

Maine Forest Service, Dept. of Conservation, Augusta, Maine, October 1989.

Contents: Introduction / Biological Conditions in 1986, 1987, and 1988 / Control Activities / Forest Conditions-1986 to 1988 and a Look at the Future / Spray Operations and Forecast of Conditions in Quebec and New Brunswick, 1986-1988 / The Future of Budworm in the Region and in Maine / List of Figures / List of …

Ipps Spp. Natural Enemy Relationships In The Gulf Coastal States, David Kulhavy, R. A. Goyer, M A. Riley

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Douglas-Fir Beetle (Dendroctonus Pseudotsugae Hopkins, Coleoptera : Scolytidae) Brood Production On Douglas-Fir Defoliated By Western Spruce Budworm (Choristoneura Occidentalis Freeman, Lepidoptera : Tortricidae) In Logan Canyon, Utah, S E. Fredricks, M J. Jenkins

The Bark Beetles, Fuels, and Fire Bibliography

Douglas-fir beetle brood production was studied on Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) trees defoliated by the western spruce budworm between 1983 and 1985. Tallies were made of the number of attacks, total length and number of egg galleries, number of eggs deposited, number of larval tunnels, number of pupal chambers, and number of emerging beetles (per female and per unit area). Data analysis showed no significant differences among the three years studied. The number of emerging beetles per female parent was 0.59, and emergence per 90 cm2 was 2.32 beetles. Egg, larval, and pupal survivals were 47.5%, 30.0%, and 15.5%, …

Lodgepole Pine Vigor, Regeneration, And Infestation By Mountain Pine Beetle Following Partial Cutting On The Shoshone National Forest, Wyoming, Gene D. Amman, Gene D. Lessard, Lynn A. Rasmussen, Curtis G. O'Neil

The Bark Beetles, Fuels, and Fire Bibliography

Lodgepole pine stands were thinned in the Shoshone National Forest of northwestern Wyoming in 1979 and 1980 using different forms of partial cutting. Average losses of trees 5 inches diameter at breast height and larger to mountain pine beetles during the 5 years following thinning ranged from less than 1 percent in spaced thinnings to 7.4 percent in the 12-inch diameter limit cut, compared to 26.5 percent in check stands. Residual trees increased radial growth significantly, but change in growth efficiency is slow. Regeneration 5 years after thinning ranged between 1,160 and 3,560 seedlings per acre, with pine being favored …

Clearcutting As A Management Practice In Maine Forests, Irland Group

Maine Collection

Clearcutting As A Management Practice in Maine Forests : Report to the Maine Department of Conservation, Forests for the Future Program.

by The Irland Group

Maine Department of Conservation, Augusta, Maine. 1988.

Contents:( Part I ) Introduction / What is Clearcutting? / Environmental Effects of Clearcutting / Conclusions / Recommendations

Contents:(Part II) Introduction / Public Policy / Definition / Spruce-Fir Siviculture / Northern Hardwood Silviculture / White Pine Silviculture / Aspen-Birch Silviculture / Regeneration / The Brush Stage / Artificial Regeneration / Budworm / Aesthetics / Water Resources / Wildlife / Nutrients and Soil / Naturalistic Silviculture / Logging / …

Field Maps 1988, Grace K. Attea, Ryan W. Mcewan, John L. Vankat

Data Files for Old-Growth Deciduous Forest Dynamics Archive: Hueston Woods

Historical field map scans (1988) for the permanent 100m x 105m research plot in Hueston Woods State Nature Preserve.

Maps were digitized in 2022.

Control Of Herbaceous Competitors In Progeny Tests Using Container-Grown Seedlings, Jimmie L. Yeiser, J. W. Boyd, D. J. Reed

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Container-grown and May-planted seedlings of loblolly and shortleaf pines were treated with herbicides for control of herbaceous competitors. Weed control and seedling growth were evaluated. Competitor control was good for all treatments. Survival and growth of pines differed by species and herbicide treatment. The best treatment for both species included covering seedlings and spraying competitors with glyphosate. Both species showed decreased survival and growth when treated with medium and high rates of hexazinone + sulfometuron methyl.

Survival And Growth Two Years After Control Of Herbaceous Competitors In Newly Planted Seedlings Of Loblolly Pine, Jimmie L. Yeiser, J. W. Boyd

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Early or late over-the-top applications of herbicides were used to control herbaceous competition in machine planted loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L) seedlings at two locations in a pasture near Alleene and hand planted seedlings on a bedded site near Fouke. Sites were selected for diverse competitors. None of the treatments controlled weeds for the entire growing season. Only glyphosate + sulfometuron methyl produced seedling survival and growth below the check plots. The best over-the-top treatments were sulfometuron methyl alone or sulfometuron methyl + hexazinone.

Host Selection In Subterranean Termites: Factors Affecting Choice (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), Deborah Ann Waller

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The effects of block size and species on preference were examined for the subterranean termite Reticulitermes sp. (Rhinotermitidae) in choice and no-choice tests. Termites significantly preferred Douglas fir over Ponderosa pine and red oak, irrespective of block size. The less-preferred woods were eaten in large amounts in no-choice tests, and all three woods appeared to be favorable for the termites and their gut protozoans. In single species tests, termites ate significantly more from larger blocks of Douglas fir, but ate similar amounts from large and small blocks of Ponderosa Pine and red oak. These results suggest that several factors can …

Genetic Family And Stock Type Influence Simulated Loblolly Pine Yields From Wet Sites, J. F. Dickson, Jimmie L. Yeiser, Richard A. Kleunder, J. L. Paschke

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Planting adapted families or a bulked seedlot of bare-root and container-grown-seedlings of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L) were contrasted as cost effective alternatives for regenerating Arkansas' wet sites. Survival data from two wet sites were used to simulate 15 years of growth. Containerized seedlings provided 17% greater survival than bare-root seedlings, but yielded a lower present net worth than bare-root seedlings. Planting families adapted to excessive moisture provided 7% greater survival and yielded a greater present net worth than planting a bulked seedlot consisting of adapted and poorly adapted families.

Woody Plants Of South Arkansas: Computer Aided Instruction In Dendrology, J. F. Dickson, Jimmie L. Yeiser

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Stock Type And Planter Experience On The Time Required To Plant Loblolly Pine Seddlings, Richard A. Kluender, Jimmie L. Yeiser

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Inexperienced workers planted container-grown and bare-root seedlings of loblolly (Pinus taeda L.) on a rocky, upland site near Batesville, AR in a comparison of planting speed and survivability. Planting speed depended on the type of seedling planted and the amount of planting experience. Significantly less time was required to plant an acre with container-grown than bare-root seedlings. Experience increased the consistency and speed of planting for both seedling types.

Proceedings : A Forest Based Economy - Carrying A Tradition Into The Future, Blaine House Conference On Forestry (December 6-7, 1984)

Maine Collection

Proceedings : A Forest Based Economy - Carrying A Tradition Into the Future

Blaine House Conference on Forestry (December 6-7, 1984)

Department of Conservation, State House Station 22, Augusta, Maine 04333, August 1986.

Contents: Table of Contents / Letter of Transmittal / The Forest 2020--Visions Of A Sustainable Forest / Forestry Resurvey: What Does It Say? How Can We Use It? / Can We Improve Maine's Timber Supply? / Atmospheric Deposition And Forests Of The Northeast / A National Perspective: What Is Maine's Competitive Niche? / The Future of Hardwood Markets / The Future of Softwood Markets / The State …

Mountain Pine Beetle Outbreaks In The Rocky Mountains: Regulators Of Primary Productivity?, W. H. Romme, D. H. Knight, J. B. Yavitt

The Bark Beetles, Fuels, and Fire Bibliography

We consider the hypothesis that mountain pine beetles function as cybernetic regulators of primary productivity in ecosystems of lodgepole pine forest through their selective killing of dominant trees and the subsequent redistribution of resources. Following a recent major beetle outbreak in Yellowstone and Grand Teton national parks, surviving trees did grow significantly faster (P < .1); wood production was redistributed among canopy, subcanopy, and understory trees; and annual wood production per hectare usually returned to pre-attack levels or exceeded them within 10-15 yr. However, reconstructions of annual wood production over the last 70-80 yr indicate that the beetle outbreak did not reduce the variation in productivity; rather, the beetles introduced more variation than would have existed in their absence. Hence, our results do not support the hypothesis that the beetles function as cybernetic regulators (in the strict sense). Nevertheless, the beetle-pine system that we studied shows great resilience, and the effects of beetles on primary productivity do not appear to be as severe as conventional wisdom maintains. Annual wood production per hectare returned quickly to previous levels in the stands we studied, and associated ecological changes can be considered generally benign or even beneficial.