Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
- Keyword
-
- Turkey (5)
- Balanced fertilization (2)
- Biopulping (2)
- Fungi (2)
- Maize (2)
-
- Silage maize (2)
- Soil (2)
- Yield (2)
- AUDPC (1)
- Above ground biomass (1)
- Acacia (1)
- Acacia auriculiformis (1)
- Acid detergent fiber (1)
- Agricultural production (1)
- Agriculture (1)
- Agronomic characters (1)
- Allium sativum L. (1)
- Animal health (1)
- Animal nutrition (1)
- Arachis hypogaea L. (1)
- Artificial neural networks (1)
- B. bassiana (1)
- BMPs (1)
- Betula pendula var. carelica (1)
- Bicarbonate in water (1)
- Biobleaching (1)
- Biochemical and molecular markers (1)
- Biological control (1)
- Biological indexing (1)
- Black point (1)
- Publication
- Publication Type
Articles 1 - 30 of 64
Full-Text Articles in Forest Sciences
Burnt Harvest: Penobscot People And Fire, James Eric Francis Sr.
Burnt Harvest: Penobscot People And Fire, James Eric Francis Sr.
Maine History
The scientific and ethnographic record confirms the fact that in southern New England, Indians used fire as a forest management tool, to facilitate travel and hunting, encourage useful grasses and berries, and to clear land for agriculture. Scholars have long suggested that agricultural practices, and hence these uses of fire, ended at the Saco or Kennebec, with Native people east of this divide less likely to systematically burn their forests. This article argues that Native people on the Penobscot River used fire, albeit in more limited ways, to transform the forest and create a natural environment more conducive to their …
Marketing Of Forest Reproductive Material: The Use Of Microsatellites For Identification Of Registered Tree Clones In Finland, Leena Koviuranta, Kari Leinonen, Pertti Pulkkinen
Marketing Of Forest Reproductive Material: The Use Of Microsatellites For Identification Of Registered Tree Clones In Finland, Leena Koviuranta, Kari Leinonen, Pertti Pulkkinen
Aspen Bibliography
According to the current legislation on the marketing of forest reproductive material, tree clones marketed in the EU must have certain traits which make them identifiable, and these traits must have been accepted and registered by an official body. Due to this obligation, there is a need for reliable, functional and practicable methods for specifying these distinctive characters. We have developed a clone identification method for European and hybrid aspens and curly birch, based on nuclear microsatellites, which can be used for determining the distinctive characters mentioned in the directive. For aspens, we have used 18 loci, of which nine …
4th Lone Star Regional Native Plant Conference, David Creech, Greg Grant, James Kroll, Dawn Stover
4th Lone Star Regional Native Plant Conference, David Creech, Greg Grant, James Kroll, Dawn Stover
Lone Star Regional Native Plant Conference
No abstract provided.
Organic Amendment Based On Tobacco Waste Compost And Farmyard Manure: Influence On Soil Biological Properties And Butter-Head Lettuce Yield, Nur Okur, Hüseyi̇n Hüsnü Kayikçioğlu, Bülent Okur, Sezai̇ Deli̇bacak
Organic Amendment Based On Tobacco Waste Compost And Farmyard Manure: Influence On Soil Biological Properties And Butter-Head Lettuce Yield, Nur Okur, Hüseyi̇n Hüsnü Kayikçioğlu, Bülent Okur, Sezai̇ Deli̇bacak
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Agro-industrial waste presents an alternative to inorganic fertilizer. It is possible to use tobacco waste as a soil amendment due to its high organic matter and low toxic element content. Tobacco waste compost (TWC) and farmyard manure (FYM) were applied to Typic Xerofluvent soil at various ratios, and butter-head lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. Capitata L.) was grown. The effects on soil organic C and total N content, soil microbial biomass, soil respiration, activity of 4 enzymes (dehydrogenase, urease, alkaline phosphatase, and \beta-glucosidase), and lettuce yield were determined. Organic materials were applied at the rate of 50 t ha^{-1}. Significantly …
A Perspective On Balanced Fertilization In The Mediterranean Region, John Ryan
A Perspective On Balanced Fertilization In The Mediterranean Region, John Ryan
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The demands on agriculture to produce food and fibre are driven by the inexorable increases in the world's population. However, advances in agricultural science in the past century have helped food production to keep pace with population growth, thus keeping hunger and malnutrition at bay. The achievements in enhanced agricultural output, especially in the developed world, are attributed to 3 main factors: expansion of irrigation, development of improved higher-yielding, disease-resistant crop cultivars, and chemical fertilizers. Fertilizers are fundamental to producing more crop output from existing land in cultivation. Along with increased fertilizer use comes greater concern about the environment in …
Estimating The Effect Of Controlled Drainage On Soil Salinity And Irrigation Efficiency In The Harran Plain Using Saltmod, İdri̇s Bahçeci̇, Recep Çakir, A. Suat Nacar, Pinar Bahçeci̇
Estimating The Effect Of Controlled Drainage On Soil Salinity And Irrigation Efficiency In The Harran Plain Using Saltmod, İdri̇s Bahçeci̇, Recep Çakir, A. Suat Nacar, Pinar Bahçeci̇
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Soil salinity and water logging, as well as water scarcity, are the most common problems limiting irrigated agriculture crop production in southeast Turkey. Thus, this study was conducted in order to predict the effect of drainage control factors on irrigation efficiency, irrigation sufficiency, root zone salinity, and drain discharge using SaltMod simulation. Investigations were conducted in the Harran Plain, also known as the Fertile Crescent or Upper Mesopotamia. High crop evapotranspiration rates and deep water table levels have led to visible increases in irrigation water requirements in the region. Therefore, the level of the water table appears to be a …
Identification Of Advantages Of Maize-Legume Intercropping Over Solitary Cropping Through Competition Indices In The East Mediterranean Region, Şaban Yilmaz, Mehmet Atak, Mustafa Erayman
Identification Of Advantages Of Maize-Legume Intercropping Over Solitary Cropping Through Competition Indices In The East Mediterranean Region, Şaban Yilmaz, Mehmet Atak, Mustafa Erayman
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Alternate planting combinations of maize (Zea mays L.) with common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) or cowpea (Vigna sinensis L.) were compared with the solitary planting of each crop during 2003 and 2004 under the East Mediterranean conditions in Turkey. The experiment comprised 15 treatments; sole planting of maize (71,500 plant ha^{-1}), sole planting of common bean (285,750 plant ha^{-1}) and cowpea (285,750 plant ha^{-1}), and 2 different planting patterns (1- and 2-row plantings) with 6 maize-legumes intercropping series, 50:50, 67:50, and 100:50, respectively, using randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Evaluation of the planting patterns was performed on basis …
Some Parameters Affecting Fire Behavior In Anatolian Black Pine Slash, Ömer Küçük, Ertuğrul Bi̇lgi̇li̇, Bülent Sağlam, Sağdan Başkaya, Bahar Di̇nç Durmaz
Some Parameters Affecting Fire Behavior In Anatolian Black Pine Slash, Ömer Küçük, Ertuğrul Bi̇lgi̇li̇, Bülent Sağlam, Sağdan Başkaya, Bahar Di̇nç Durmaz
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
This study presents and discusses the results of a fire behavior study conducted in Anatolian black pine (Pinus nigra J.F. Arnold subsp. nigra var. caramanica (Loudon) Rehder) slash. A total of 30 experimental fires were conducted over 3 years under varying weather and fuel loading conditions in aging slash. Relationships between fire behavior and fuel properties and weather conditions were determined with correlation and regression analyses. Spread rate, fuel consumption, and fire intensity were all related to fuel properties and weather, and ranged from 0.2 to 3.1 m min^{-1}, from 0.71 to 6.65 kg m^{-2}, and from 14.05 to 3961.46 …
Alkaline Pulping And Bleaching Of Acacia Auriculiformis Grown In Bangladesh, M. Sarwar Jahan, Rowshan Sabina, Arjumand Rubaiyat
Alkaline Pulping And Bleaching Of Acacia Auriculiformis Grown In Bangladesh, M. Sarwar Jahan, Rowshan Sabina, Arjumand Rubaiyat
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The physical, chemical, and morphological characteristics of Acacia auriculiformis were evaluated in terms of its suitability for papermaking. The fiber length (1.1 mm) of A. auriculiformis in this study was within the range of tropical hardwoods. The lignin content in A. auriculiformis was 19.4% and \alpha-cellulose 44.1%, which was within the range of other acacias, but that of extractives was higher. Soda, soda-AQ, and kraft processes were studied in pulping. Screened pulp yield was increased with increasing active alkali. Acceptable pulp yield (43%-44%) and kappa number (22-24) were obtained at 20% alkali and 2.5 h of cooking in soda, 16% …
Influence Of Rootstocks On Changing The Pattern Of Phenolic Compounds In Thompson Seedless Grapes And Its Relationship To The Incidence Of Powdery Mildew, Jogaiah Satisha, Pooja Doshi, Pandurang Gundappa Adsule
Influence Of Rootstocks On Changing The Pattern Of Phenolic Compounds In Thompson Seedless Grapes And Its Relationship To The Incidence Of Powdery Mildew, Jogaiah Satisha, Pooja Doshi, Pandurang Gundappa Adsule
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The total phenolic content and individual groups of phenols, such as flavonones, flavonoids, and flavon-3-ols, were estimated in the leaves and berries of Thompson Seedless grapes grafted onto different rootstocks and own-rooted vines during 3 stages of berry development. The leaves at all the stages of sampling contained more total phenol and individual phenolic groups than berries. The reduction in phenolic content was gradual in leaves from the first to third stage of sampling, but it was drastic in berries. Thompson Seedless grafted onto Dog ridge, 110 R, and 1103 P rootstocks had the highest phenolic content and individual phenolic …
Antioxidant Activity Of Cauliflower (Brassica Oleracea L.), Ekrem Köksal, İlhami̇ Gülçi̇n
Antioxidant Activity Of Cauliflower (Brassica Oleracea L.), Ekrem Köksal, İlhami̇ Gülçi̇n
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Recently, a number of studies on the health benefits associated with fruits, vegetables, herbs and spices demonstrated that they possess potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic, and anti-carcinogenic activity. The potential antioxidant activity of water and ethanol extracts of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L.) were investigated to evaluate their potential value as a natural ingredient for foods or cosmetic application. In this study antioxidant activity was measured by 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl free radical (DPPH^.) scavenging, N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride (DMPD) radical scavenging, superoxide anion (O2^{.-}) radical scavenging, total antioxidant activity, reducing activity using Fe^{+3}-Fe^{+2} transformation and CUPRAC assays, hydrogen peroxide (H_2O_2) scavenging, …
The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment: Tradeoffs Between Food Security And The Environment, Claudia Ringler
The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment: Tradeoffs Between Food Security And The Environment, Claudia Ringler
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
This paper provides an overview of selected trends and conditions of ecosystem services, in particular, food production and impacts on the environment based on the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. It then describes outcomes for future ecosystem services under alternative development pathways, with a focus on tradeoffs between food security and the environment, such as implications for fertilizer use, and the role of biofuels. As tradeoffs among various ecosystem services are expected to increase into the future, research will need to focus increasingly on ways to achieve a balance between food security and improving non-food ecosystem services. To reduce adverse future impacts, …
Outlook For World Fertilizer Demand, Supply, And Supply/Demand Balance, Patrick Heffer, Michel Prud'homme
Outlook For World Fertilizer Demand, Supply, And Supply/Demand Balance, Patrick Heffer, Michel Prud'homme
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The outlook is driven by impressive economic growth in Asia, increasing demand for biofuel, and a tight grain market. As a result of tight supply/demand conditions, prices for almost all agricultural commodities are unusually high. The need to boost agricultural production worldwide is stimulating fertilizer consumption in Asia and the Americas, driving global demand to new record levels. For the production of most nutrients 2007 was a record year, as buoyant demand stretched the industry's capacity to meet global requirements. All supply and demand situations will be difficult to balance until 2011 due to sustained fertilizer demand. With nitrogen supply …
The Effects Of Traditional Grazing Practices On Upland (Yayla) Rangeland Vegetation And Forage Quality, Bi̇nali̇ Çomakli, Mahmut Daşci, Ali̇ Koç
The Effects Of Traditional Grazing Practices On Upland (Yayla) Rangeland Vegetation And Forage Quality, Bi̇nali̇ Çomakli, Mahmut Daşci, Ali̇ Koç
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
A seminomadic animal raising system, known as ''yaylacılık'' in Turkish, is one of the best ways of using upland rangelands, particularly in rough terrain regions. Three rangeland sites were selected to determine the spatial effect of summer grazing distribution on botanical composition, canopy coverage, soil aggregate stability, and forage nutrient content in these range sites. On average, grass covered 61.09% of the total land in site I, 67.04% and 57.40%, respectively, in sites II and III. Legume covered 11.61%, 13.67%, and 18.05%, respectively, of the total land in sites I, II, and III. Other families covered 27.30%, 19.29%, and 24.55% …
The Relationship Between Black Point And Fungi Species And Effects Of Black Point On Seed Germination Properties In Bread Wheat, Faruk Toklu, Davut Soner Akgül, Mehmet Bi̇çi̇ci̇, Tolga Karaköy
The Relationship Between Black Point And Fungi Species And Effects Of Black Point On Seed Germination Properties In Bread Wheat, Faruk Toklu, Davut Soner Akgül, Mehmet Bi̇çi̇ci̇, Tolga Karaköy
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between some fungi species and black point incidence and the effect of black point on seed weight, germination percentage, seedling emergence, seedling establishment, number of embryonic roots, and coleoptile length under field conditions in bread wheat. In this research, black-pointed and black point-free kernel samples of 5 bread wheat cultivars, namely Ceyhan-99, Doğankent-1, Yüreğir-89, Seyhan-95, and Adana-99 - commonly grown under the agroclimatic conditions of Çukurova Region, were used. Isolations from the black point-affected and black point-free kernels indicated that Alternaria spp. are the predominant fungi, followed by Chaetomium sp and Aspergillus …
Determination Of The Effects Of Hazelnut Husk And Tea Waste Treatments On Urease Enzyme Activity And Its Kinetics In Soil, Ridvan Kizilkaya, İmanverdi̇ Ekberli̇
Determination Of The Effects Of Hazelnut Husk And Tea Waste Treatments On Urease Enzyme Activity And Its Kinetics In Soil, Ridvan Kizilkaya, İmanverdi̇ Ekberli̇
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
In this research, the effects of 5% treatment of hazelnut husk (HH) and tea production waste (TEW) to clay loam soil on urease enzyme activity and its kinetics were determined in a 30-day soil incubation experiment. For this purpose, kinetic parameters (V_{max}, K_m, and V_{max}/K_m,) were calculated by determining urease activity in organic wastes treated soils in different substrate concentrations (0%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, and 12%), incubation periods (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 h), and incubation temperatures (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 °C) at the end of the 30 days of the …
Biological Control Of Bacterial Spot Disease Of Pepper With Bacillus Strains, Mustafa Mi̇ri̇k, Yeşi̇m Aysan, Özden Çinar
Biological Control Of Bacterial Spot Disease Of Pepper With Bacillus Strains, Mustafa Mi̇ri̇k, Yeşi̇m Aysan, Özden Çinar
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Bacterial spot disease caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria (X. axonopodis pv. vesicatoria) is a devastating pepper (Capsicum annuum) disease in Turkey. Biological control of Xanthomonas axanopodis pv. vesicatoria is of great interest, in terms of environmental safety and economic return. In this study, 3 Bacillus strains isolated from soil samples of the rhizospheres of peppers grown in greenhouses and fields were used to suppress the size of the population of X. axonopodis pv. vesicatoria. Results indicated that disease development decreased by 11%-62% and 38%-67% in pepper plants inoculated with the 3 Bacillus strains alone and in combination, respectively, in …
Feeding And Foraging Behaviour In Two Coccinellid Predators: Scymnus Levaillanti Muls. And Cycloneda Sanguinea L., Ali̇ Arda Işikber
Feeding And Foraging Behaviour In Two Coccinellid Predators: Scymnus Levaillanti Muls. And Cycloneda Sanguinea L., Ali̇ Arda Işikber
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Predatory behaviour, prey consumption, and foraging cycle of adults and larvae of Scymnus levaillanti Muls. and Cycloneda sanguinea L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) were investigated using a video/computer recording and measurement system. Larvae of S. levaillanti spent more time in feeding activities compared to C. sanguinea. Adults of both S. levaillanti and C. sanguinea spent more time in non-feeding activities (digestion and cleaning) compared to their larvae whilst adults of S. levaillanti spent less time in non-feeding activities than those of C. sanguinea. Generally, larvae and adults of both coccinellid species spent most of their time in non-feeding activities. Although S. levaillanti …
Pilot Study For An Assessment Of Vegetation Structure For Steppe Rangelands Of Central Anatolia, Hüseyi̇n Kansur Firincioğlu, Bi̇lal Şahi̇n, Steven Seefeldt, Fehmi̇ Mert, Basri̇ Hakan Hakyemez, Meci̇t Vural
Pilot Study For An Assessment Of Vegetation Structure For Steppe Rangelands Of Central Anatolia, Hüseyi̇n Kansur Firincioğlu, Bi̇lal Şahi̇n, Steven Seefeldt, Fehmi̇ Mert, Basri̇ Hakan Hakyemez, Meci̇t Vural
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
In the last 50 years, rangelands in the Central Anatolian Region of Turkey have been converted to cropping lands, which has negatively accelerated vegetation change, resulting in overgrazing and poor condition and productivity. In these steppe rangelands, to develop a rational basis for making restoration and management decisions, the vegetation structure must be well understood. Thus, the objectives of this study were to: (1) define vegetation patterns through assessing spatial distribution of the plant species and groups, (2) evaluate the relationships between vegetation and environmental aspects and range condition, and (3) outline possible restoration implementations. Therefore, a study was carried …
Performance Analysis Of Collective Set-Move Lateral Sprinkler Irrigation Systems Used In Central Anatolia, İdri̇s Bahçeci̇, Ali̇ Fuat Tari, Nazmi̇ Di̇nç, Pinar Bahçeci̇
Performance Analysis Of Collective Set-Move Lateral Sprinkler Irrigation Systems Used In Central Anatolia, İdri̇s Bahçeci̇, Ali̇ Fuat Tari, Nazmi̇ Di̇nç, Pinar Bahçeci̇
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Performance assessment (PA) of irrigation and drainage systems has been an important area of research and debate in recent years. The present study was carried out to determine some performance parameters of sprinkler irrigation systems. Thirty-eight subunits (lateral) were monitored and assessed in the Konya Basin of Turkey. Sprinkler nozzle-pressure, flow rate, and their variations, and the amount of irrigation water were determined. Application and distribution uniformity, irrigation adequacy, and characteristics of system design and application were analyzed. Christensen Uniformity coefficient (CUC) and distribution uniformity (DU) values were between 41% and 88%, and between 18% and 81%, respectively. Variation in …
Comparison Of Different Chemical Pulps From Wheat Straw And Bleaching With Xylanase Pre-Treated Ecf Method, Sai̇m Ateş, Celi̇l Atik, Yonghao Ni, Esat Gümüşkaya
Comparison Of Different Chemical Pulps From Wheat Straw And Bleaching With Xylanase Pre-Treated Ecf Method, Sai̇m Ateş, Celi̇l Atik, Yonghao Ni, Esat Gümüşkaya
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Different pulping processes, kraft-anthraquinone (AQ), bio-kraft, soda-AQ, ALCELL, and FORMACELL were studied for wheat straw. Fungal pre-treatment with Ceriporiopsis subvermispora, white rot fungi, was applied to wheat straw before kraft-AQ pulping, the so-called bio-kraft process. Fiber properties, carbohydrate contents, FT-IR analyses, strength properties of resultant paper, and bleachability characteristics were included to determine the properties of these pulp samples. In addition, the effects of the xylanase pre-treatment on the subsequent Elemental Chlorine Free (ECF) bleaching process were investigated. The results indicated that kraft-AQ pulps from wheat straw exhibited better characteristics than the other pulp samples with lower kappa number, higher …
Population Parameters Of Tetranychus Cinnabarinus Boisduval (Prostigmata: Tetranychidae) On Eight Strawberry Cultivars, Cengi̇z Kazak, Cemal Ki̇bri̇tçi̇
Population Parameters Of Tetranychus Cinnabarinus Boisduval (Prostigmata: Tetranychidae) On Eight Strawberry Cultivars, Cengi̇z Kazak, Cemal Ki̇bri̇tçi̇
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Development times, reproductive rates, and population growth parameters of Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisd. on 8 strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne) varieties were evaluated under laboratory conditions. Total development times of immature males and females were not significantly influenced by the strawberry varieties. T. cinnabarinus laid significantly more eggs per day on cultivar Muir (8.46) than on the other cultivars. Similarly, T. cinnabarinus on Muir had the highest net reproductive rate (R_o) (120.19 F/F), while R_o was the lowest on cultivar Sweet Charlie (39.51 F/F). The generation time ranged from 18.96 to 22.32 days, but no significant varietal effect was seen. The …
Effect Of Upper Plant Parts On Yield And Quality In Turkish Durum Wheat Landraces From Different Regions, Altitudes, And Provinces, Nusret Zenci̇rci̇
Effect Of Upper Plant Parts On Yield And Quality In Turkish Durum Wheat Landraces From Different Regions, Altitudes, And Provinces, Nusret Zenci̇rci̇
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The aim was to explore 117 durum wheat (T. turgidum L. conv. durum (Desf.) MacKey) landraces from 2 regions, 5 altitude intervals, and 12 provinces for flag leaf length, width, angle, sheath length, fertile spikes, spike length and width, plant yield, percent vitreous kernel, pearling index, percent grain protein, and 1000 kernel weight. The field experiment consisted of 566 single plant selections from 117 populations with Kunduru 1149 and Kızıltan 91 controls, analyzed via descriptive and multivariate statistical methods. Plant yield with the highest variation was positively correlated with flag leaf length, flag leaf sheath length, and spike width. While …
Effect Of Pollination Levels On Yield And Quality Of Maize Grown For Silage, Selahatti̇n İptaş, Musa Yavuz
Effect Of Pollination Levels On Yield And Quality Of Maize Grown For Silage, Selahatti̇n İptaş, Musa Yavuz
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids with good yields of grain and whole-plant dry matter are preferred for forage production. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between kernel development and nutritive value of maize silage, using controlled pollination to alter the extent of ear fill in 4 maize hybrids. Whole-plant acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and crude protein (CP) were measured. Pollination control affected the ear fill for 0% and 100% pollination levels. Stem diameter and plant height were not affected by pollination treatment; however, they were different for the hybrids. Leaf content and …
Effect Of Modified Atmosphere Packaging On The Quality And Shelf Life Of Minimally Processed Carrots, Zehra Ayhan, Okan Eştürk, Emel Taş
Effect Of Modified Atmosphere Packaging On The Quality And Shelf Life Of Minimally Processed Carrots, Zehra Ayhan, Okan Eştürk, Emel Taş
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of modified atmosphere packaging on the quality and shelf life of minimally processed carrots during cold storage. Ready-to-eat carrots (Nantes) prepared by manual peeling and automatic slicing were packed with passive (in air) and active modified atmospheres at low (5% O_2, 10% CO_2, 85% N_2) and high oxygen concentrations (80% O_2, 10% CO_2, 10% N_2). Minimally processed carrots were packed in polypropylene (PP) trays sealed with PP based film. Microbial, chemical, physical, and sensory analyses were conducted in carrots for 21 days at 4 °C. There was no yeast or …
Global Economics Of Nutrient Cycling, Bert H. Janssen, Oene Oenema
Global Economics Of Nutrient Cycling, Bert H. Janssen, Oene Oenema
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
This paper briefly discusses global human requirements of protein nitrogen (N) from crops and animals, and then estimates the need for fertilizer N as a function of N use efficiency, and the recycling of N from animal manure and sewage wastes. These estimates are based on various assumptions and simple calculations. Results suggest that globally only 1% of N input is retained, 28% is lost to the wider environment, and some 70% is potentially available for recycling via manure and sewage. In addition, large amounts of nutrients recycle via crop residues. In practice, only a fraction of this potential is …
Improving Nutrient Use Efficiency, Terry L. Roberts
Improving Nutrient Use Efficiency, Terry L. Roberts
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Public interest and awareness of the need for improving nutrient use efficiency is great, but nutrient use efficiency is easily misunderstood. Four indices of nutrient use efficiency are reviewed and an example of different applications of the terminology show that the same data set might be used to calculate a fertilizer N efficiency of 21% or 100%. Fertilizer N recovery efficiencies from researcher managed experiments for major grain crops range from 46% to 65%, compared to on-farm N recovery efficiencies of 20% to 40%. Fertilizer use efficiency can be optimized by fertilizer best management practices that apply nutrients at the …
Balanced Crop Nutrition: Fertilizing For Crop And Food Quality, Hillel Magen
Balanced Crop Nutrition: Fertilizing For Crop And Food Quality, Hillel Magen
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Globally the ratio of N:P_2O_5:K_2O changed from 2.5:1.3:1 in the 1980s to 3.6:1.4:1 in 2002 as N consumption outstripped that of K. Regardless of their decreased nutrient consumption, developed countries maintained a modest increase in agricultural production. Positive and similar growth rates for agricultural products and nutrient consumption prevail in developing countries, but with the use of a 35% higher nitrogen (N) to potassium (K) ratio than in developed countries. The outcome of a negative K balance is presented here using examples from India, China, Egypt, and Bulgaria. Reasons for a negative K balance stem mostly from farmers' lack of …
Land Cover Change And Soil Fertility Decline In Tropical Regions, Alfred E. Hartemink, Tom Veldkamp, Zhanguo Bai
Land Cover Change And Soil Fertility Decline In Tropical Regions, Alfred E. Hartemink, Tom Veldkamp, Zhanguo Bai
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Land cover changes influence the biogeochemistry, hydrology, and climate of the earth. Studies that assessed land cover changes at the global scale mostly focused on: deforestation, cropland expansion, dry land degradation, urbanisation, pasture expansion, and agricultural intensification. For the assessment, remotely sensed land-cover data, census data, and expert knowledge were used. In tropical regions, forest is cleared for the expansion of cropland, wood extraction, or infrastructure expansion. This widely occurs in the Amazon region and in Asia. In many temperate regions, the area under forest is increasing although forest plantations are also on the increase in the tropics. Croplands expanded …
Micronutrients And Animal Nutrition And The Link Between The Application Of Micronutrients To Crops And Animal Health, George E. J. Fisher
Micronutrients And Animal Nutrition And The Link Between The Application Of Micronutrients To Crops And Animal Health, George E. J. Fisher
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Micronutrients (or 'trace elements') are required in animal diets for health and welfare, and therefore they are essential for the agricultural production of milk, meat, fibre, and eggs. It is clear from the literature that deficiencies of micronutrients, particularly in their sub-clinical form where they are not visually apparent, can result in major reductions in productivity. Micronutrients are used mostly as the central elements of enzymes and co-enzymes in the biochemistry of ruminants and monogastrics. Thus, their deficiency often leads to sub-optimal growth and fertility. Within the farming system, the aim should be to only use supplementation with micronutrients where …