Food Processing Commons^™

Screening Of Strain With Antioxidation Activity From Wild Macrofungi And Optimization On Its Fermentation Conditions, Chai Xinyi, Yu Shijun, Zhang Weiwei, Du Zehu

Food and Machinery

The objectives of the study were to screen the strain with a good antioxidation activity from 10 species of wild macrofungi and optimize the optimal conditions for antioxidant substance production. These results can provide some references for the breeding of Auricuiaria auricular and industrialization of its production. As material with 10 strains of wild fungi from the Langyashan in Anhui province, the strains with antioxidant substance producing were obtained by DPPH free radical scavenging rate of the broth. Shake flask culture was then used to get the optimum culture conditions based on the single factor and orthogonal experiments, which is …

Analysis Of Components Of Oleoresin Of Cold Drawn Oil In Zanthoxylum With Different Extraction Methods, Jiang Yan, Pu Biao, Wang Hanqing, Xu Lin, Feng Yachao, Chen Yan

Food and Machinery

To discuss the effects with different methods of oleoresin of cold pressing oil in Zanthoxylum extraction, select appropriate oleoresin extraction method, and explore different extraction methods of oleoresin flavor components of cold pressing oil in Zanthoxylum. With the cold pressing oil in Zanthoxylum as raw material, water bath, ultrasonic and microwave methods were used to extract the oleoresin and GC—MS was adopted to analyze flavor components of the different extraction methods of oleoresin. The results showed that the extraction of oleoresin absorbance at 270 nm value of ultrasound is the highest, followed by water bath, the lowest is microwave; the …

Technology Optimization Of Carboxymethylation On Polysaccharide From Rice Bran, Li Zhe, Yuan Yuan, Zhu Mingpeng, Xiao Zhigang, Wang Na, Wang Chong

Food and Machinery

The experiment used defatted rice bran as materials which extract water-soluble polysaccharide from it, expecting to improve its functional activities by modification. The carboxymethylated derivative of polysaccharide was prepared by the reaction between rice bran polysaccharide and chloroacetic acid (MCA) in alkaline condition and fourier infrared spectrum suggested that carboxymethylated rice bran polysaccharide was successfully carboxymethylated without changing the original structure of rice bran polysaccharide. The optimal technological conditions for the reaction are: reaction temperature 52 ℃, reaction time 2.5 h, concentration of NaOH 1.2 mol/L, MCA dose 3.20 g. This condition of the rice bran polysaccharide carboxymethylated substitution degree(DS) …

Separation,Purification And Stability Of Total Flavonoids From Xanthoceras Sorbifolia Shell, Mao Dirui, Jiang Guiquan, Sun Jiwei, Luo Yingcai

Food and Machinery

No abstract provided.

Reserch On Separation And Purification Of Flavonoids In Hunan Pomelo, Peng Chengcheng, Deng Fangming

Food and Machinery

Taking Hunan pomelo fruit drop as raw materials, ethanol ultrasonic extraction of flavonoids pomelo, Research AB-8, NKA-9, D110 and ADS-17 four types of macroporous resin separation and purification process optimization pomelo flavonoids. The results showed that: AB-8 macroporous highest amount of total flavonoids Hunan pomelo, reaching 0.70 mg/mL; integrated adsorption, recovery, purity and absorption rate and other indicators, AB-8 macroporous resin separation and purification of the Hunan Xiang optimal conditions grapefruit flavonoids was: 1∶10 aspect ratio; the adsorption velocity 1.5 BV/h, the eluent pH value 4.0, eluent 70% ethanol eluted dosage 4 BV, analytical flow rate 2 BV/h, the resin …

Optimization Of Ultrasound/Microwave Assisted Extraction (Umae) Of Flavones From Vaccinium Bracteatum Thunb Leaves, Chen Yiyong, Zhang Dejin

Food and Machinery

Vaccinium Bracteatum Thunb Leaves (VBTL) was used as material. An efficient ultrasound/microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) technique was employed to extract flavones from VBTL. The effects of microwave power, ratio of solvent to solid, temperature and time on the yield of flavones from VBTL were investigated. To optimize the extraction process, response surface methodology was used based on the results of single factor experiment. IR spectrum was scanned to validate the effect of UMAE technology compared with the traditional solvent extraction technology. The results indicated the optimal conditions of UMAE were 140 W of microwave power, 50 W of ultrasound power, …

Optimization Of Ultrasonic Assisted Pectinase Extraction Of Flavonoid In Hawthorn Juice, Liu Hui, Zhang Chunling, Liu Jiechao, Hu Lina, Jiao Zhonggao

Food and Machinery

In order to study the optimum ultrasonic-assisted extraction technology of flavonoids in hawthorn juice under pectinase treatment, the single-factor tests and orthogonal array design were employed to optimize the extraction conditions. The effects of boiling treatment time, ultrasonic extraction time, ultrasonic extraction temperature and ultrasonic power on the content of flavonoids in hawthorn juice were researched. And the hawthorn flavoinoid extraction conditions were optimized as follows: boiling treatment time 30 min, ultrasonic extract time 50 min, ultrasonic extract temperature 50 ℃ and ultrasonic power 150 W. Under the optimized extraction conditions, the content of flavonoids was 335.32 mg/100 mL. Ultrasonic …

Study On Ultrasonic Wave-Assisted Extraction Of Active Substances From Antrodia Camphorata, Guo Danzhao, Zheng Wei, Ma Haile, Peng Ying, Liu Renkang, Liu Bei

Food and Machinery

Ultrasonic wave-assisted extraction of Antrodia camphorata's mycelim was studied. Four test factors of solid-to-liquid ratio, ultrasonic power, extraction temperature and extraction time were studied in extraction of polysaccharide and triterpenoids from Antrodia camphorata. Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer was used as determining method. The results showed that the extraction quantity of polysaccharide was 26.319 mg/g with 120 W ultrasonic power lasting for 35 min, under 55 ℃ with the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1︰30 (m︰V). The extraction quantity of triterpenoids was 38.624 mg/g under the optimal extraction condition which involves solid-to-liquid ratio of 1︰30 (m︰V), ultrasonic power of 210 W, extraction temperature of 50 …

Optimization On Enzymatic Hydrolysis Processing From Pepper Meal Protein Isolate, Zhao Jing, Wang Yan

Food and Machinery

Extraction of crude protein from pepper meal, by the establishment of protease hydrolysis pepper meal protein isolate preparation in the best condition of flavor peptides was studied. Through judging the degree of hydrolysis and yield of peptide, the compound protease had the best hydrolyzation effect in digesting pepper meal protein isolate among the trypsin, papain, alkaline, compound protease. The results showed that compound protease had best effect. Selecting solid-liquid ratio(m︰V), amount of enzyme, hydrolysis time, pH and hydrolysis temperature as experiment factors, the best technological condition of digesting pepper meal protein isolate was determined by method of single factor experiment …

Optimization On Extraction Technology Of Mushroom Mycelium Polysaccharides By Ultrasonic, Xue Jing, Wu Xiaotong, Wang Yingchao, Zeng Luying, Liu Jing

Food and Machinery

Polysaccharides was extracted from Tricholoma mongolicum mycelium. The effect factors, including ultrasonic power, ultrasonic time, liquid-solid ratio and temperature, were optimized through orthogonal tests L₉(3⁴) on the basis of single factor experiment. Results showed that ultrasonic power 18% (rated power 900 W), ultrasonic time 20 min, liquid-solid ratio 40∶1 and extraction temperature 75 ℃. Under optimal conditions, the extraction yield of polysaccharides was 13.96%.

Effect Of Hot Air Drying Temperature On Qualities Of Sweet Potato Powder, Guo Ting, Chen Zhenlin, He Xinyi, Xie Dongdi, Huang Huiling

Food and Machinery

In order to investigate the temperature on the quality of sweet potato powder by hot air drying, the color, rehydration capacity, particle size, viscosity, bulk density, reducing sugar and amylum of the sweet potato powder were compared. Results showed that hot air drying temperature had a significantly influence on the rehydration, particle size, viscosity and amylum of sweet potato powder (P<0.05). With the drying temperature rising, the dry basis moisture content decreased faster, the drying time shortened and amylum content increased. The sweet potato powder particle size prepared at hot air drying in 80 ℃ was the minimum, and the rehydration was the highest with good color.

Optimization On Extraction Technology Of Puerarin From Puerarialobata, Cao Xiong, Ai Fang, Liu Mengyao, Wang Tong, Wu Aijuan, Zheng Qiang, Li Chao, Yin Xia, Han Qin

Food and Machinery

In order to explore the optimum conditions of puerarin, the extraction process was optimized by single factor test and response surface design. The extract was identified by high performance liquid chromatography (HLPC) for puerarin or not.The results showed that the best extraction conditions were: ethanol volume fraction 50%, solid-liquid ratio of 1∶25(m∶V), extraction time 70 min and extraction temperature of 60 ℃With those conditions, the expected content of puerarin is 96.79%, and the testing results of HPLC is consistent with the element standard of puerarin.

Effect Of Blanching Treaments On Quality Of Vacuum Fried Ginkgo Kernel, Han Hongwei, Xie Bowen, Xu Dan, Zhang Min, Liu Jie

Food and Machinery

Taking the Big Buddha Finger ginkgo kernel as material, the effects were studied from blanching temperature and time on the time of POD enzyme's inactivation, moisture content, degree of starch gelatinization of ginkgo kernel and the microstructure, crispiness, oil content, color, sensory quality of vacuum fried ginkgo kernel. The results showed that with increasing of the blanching temperature and time, the degree of starch gelatinization and moisture content rose gradually, but the time of POD enzyme's inactivation decreased. The crispiness and color of the vacuum fried ginkgo kernel were better, but the oil content of it was higher. The vacuum …

Preparation Of Natural Cream Flavor From Natural Butter By Mixed Enzyme Hydrolysis, Zhou Meiyu, Fu Liang

Food and Machinery

Prepared natural cream flavor by mixed enzyme with two kinds of lipase. Through the determination of acid value and sensory evaluation, the palatase 20000L and lipase MER were selected for enzymolysis reaction. The optimum conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis of butter were palatase 20000L 0.18%, lipase MER 0.09%, hydrolysis time 9 h, temperature 40 ℃ and pH 7.0. By GC-MS analysis, the main flavor components consist of 11 kinds of substances include short chain fatty acids, small amount of ketones, lactones and esters. Through baking applications and sensory evaluation, finished bakery products had a thick milk and long lasting flavor, without …

Influence Of Perilla Leaf Superfine Powders On Dough Properties And Bread Quality, Tian Haijuan, Zhu Zhu, Zhang Chuanzhi, Yu Zishuai

Food and Machinery

Perilla leaf superfine powder were added to the dough, then produced bread, using Brabender farinograph and Brabender stretcher measuring the dough properties, and then determinated the fermentation characteristics, sensory quality, water retention, aging degree and specific volume of bread contained with Perilla leaf superfine powder. The results showed that Perilla leaf superfine powder adding quantity 6%，the decline of bread dough`s Farinograph and tensile properties were not obvious, the quality of the sensory quality of bread was good, with high water retention, low aging degree, volume of good healthy food. When Perilla leaf superfine powder adding amount was 6%~8%, the Farinograph …

Optimization Of Chinese Chestnut Shelling Peeled Process Using Microwave-Baking Joint, He Rui, Jia Lirong, Wang Jiaxing, Gao Hong

Food and Machinery

Microwave-baking process was used to improve chestnut shelling peeled rate. Response surface methodology was employed to analyze the impact of microwave time, baking time and baking temperature on Chestnut shelling and to optimize the shelling rate and color index L* value. The results indicated that the impact of microwave time on the rate of shelling is greater than the baking time and the baking temperature. The microwave time was extremely significant to L* value. When the microwave time was 123 s, the baking temperature was 171 ℃ and the baking time was 128 s, the shelling rate could reach 97.96%, …

Optimization On Pre-Cooked Processes For Kidney Bean, Wang Ting, Yu Lei, Li Shuaifei, Liu Jianan, Wang Weixu

Food and Machinery

The constant temperature soaking, low pressure cooking and air drying were used to pre-cook the kidney beans in order to make the kidney beans get maturity simultaneously when cooked with rice. The temperature of constant temperature soaking, the pressure and the time of low pressure cooking was taken as the independent variable, and gelatinization degree was taken as the response value to get the optimal process condition through the experiments. The results showed that the optimum processing conditions for kidney beans were as followed: soaking temperature 50 ℃, cooking pressure 50 kPa, the time of low pressure cooking 5 min. …

Antitumor And Antiangiogenic Effects Of Flavonoids, Li Xiangzhou, Luan Fangfei, Zhang Sheng, Huang Dan

Food and Machinery

Flavonoids drugs are effective, natural, and their toxic and side effect are relatively mild. Otherwise, they have many kinds of biological effects such as anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, reducing blood fat, anti-aging and so on.The treatment of malignant tumor is difficult to conquer in the medical community. The majority of clinical antitumor drugs have side effects. This paper elaborated the research progress of anti-tumor and anti-angiogenesis of plant flavonoids from the cellular level, molecular level and animal models level, which can provide a reference for further development and utilization of flavonoids in antitumor and anti-angiogenesis.

Research Process On Scale-Up Factors And Methods Of Self-Inducing Bioreactor, Jiang Kaiwei, Luo Haiyan, Dou Bingran, Hong Housheng

Food and Machinery

Gas-inducing reactor is a sort of gas-liquid reactor operated easily and has been widely applied in many chemical industries, environmental engineering and biotechnological engineering for its predominant mass transfer performance and the low power consumption and cost due to the absent of external compressor. In the gas-inducing reactor involving gas-liquid two-phase flow system, the mixing, mass transfer and heat transfer processes are very complicated. Many problems need to be solved in theory. The critical impeller speed for the onset of gas induction，rate of gas induction，power consumption，gas holdup and mass-transfer coefficient of the self-inducing reactor are discussed, and research process on …

Research Progress Of Difference Between Electronic Tongue And Real Taste Evaluation, Wang Xingya, Pang Guangchang, Li Yang

Food and Machinery

Electronic tongue is a new analysis and detection equipment to study liquid sample information, in recent years, which has been more widely used in food industry. This paper introduces the basic principles of electronic tongue technology, similarities and differences with real evaluation methods of taste, status of equipment and its application in the food field, in order to propose new ideas for the development of electronic tongue equipment.

Progress Of Infrared Drying Technology Applied In Processing Of Fruits And Vegetables And Grain, Wei Zhongcai, Sun Chuanzhu, Zhang Lili, Su Guoliang, Shi Dongyue

Food and Machinery

Infrared radiation drying technology has been paid more attention widely with many advantages such as high efficiency, environmental protection. Progress of home and abroad infrared radiation drying technology application research and test of fruits, vegetables and grain were elaborated and summarized, and some existing problems of infrared drying were also analyzed. The integration of infrared drying and other emerging drying technology was come up with to improve the quality of drying. Meanwhile, the main research direction of infrared radiation drying technology of the future application was also pointed out in the processing of fruits and vegetables and grain.

High Throughput Genomic Sequencing Of Bioaerosols In Broiler Chicken Production Facilities, Kate M. O’Brien, Michael S. Chimenti, Morgan Farnell, Tom Tabler, Thomas Bair, Joey Lynn Bray, Matthew W. Nonnenmann

Faculty Publications

Chronic inhalation exposure to agricultural dust promotes the development of chronic respiratory diseases among poultry workers. Poultry dust is composed of dander, chicken feed, litter bedding and microbes. However, the microbial composition and abundance has not been fully elucidated. Genomic DNA was extracted from settled dust and personal inhalable dust collected while performing litter sampling or mortality collection tasks. DNA libraries were sequenced using a paired-end sequencing-by-synthesis approach on an Illumina HiSeq 2500. Sequencing data showed that poultry dust is predominantly composed of bacteria (64–67%) with a small quantity of avian, human and feed DNA (< 2% of total reads). Staphylococcus sp. AL1, Salinicoccus carnicancri and Lactobacillus crispatus were the most abundant bacterial species in personal exposure samples of inhalable dust. Settled dust had a moderate relative abundance of these species as well as Staphylococcus lentus and Lactobacillus salivarius. There was a statistical difference between the microbial composition of aerosolized and settled dust. Unlike settled dust composition, aerosolized dust composition had little variance between samples. These data provide an extensive analysis of the microbial composition and relative abundance in personal inhalable poultry dust and settled poultry dust.

Acoustic Emission Of Lactococcus Lactis Ssp. Lactis C2 Infected With Three Bacteriophages C2, Sk1 And Ml3, Luxi Meng

Theses and Dissertations--Animal and Food Sciences

The objective of this research was to monitor the Acoustic Emission (AE) produced by Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis C2 infected with three bacteriophages (c2, sk1 and ml3 at 90 min) using an acoustic emission-monitoring device which was designed at University of Kentucky in Lexington KY. The acoustic emission data was collected and then analyzed. These Acoustic Emission (AE) data suggested that bacteriophage ml3, sk1 and c2 can easily be distinguished by the differences in Absolute Energy (ABE), Centroid Frequency (CF) and Peak Frequency (PF) signals. The AE data suggested that bacteriophage sk1 and c2 caused greater stress on the lactis …

Dna Barcoding Reveals Mislabeling Of Game Meat Species On The U.S. Commercial Market, Charles Quinto, Rebecca Tinoco, Rosalee S. Hellberg

Food Science Faculty Articles and Research

Game meats represent a valuable specialty market in the United States that has high economic incentives associated with mislabeling. However, there is limited information on this topic. The purpose of this study was to conduct a market survey of game meats sold within the United States and identify instances of mislabeling using DNA barcoding. Products were also examined for the presence of threatened or endangered species. Fifty-four samples of whole-cut game meats were collected from online distributors in the United States and sequenced across a 658 base-pair region of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. The resulting DNA …

Identification Of Species In Ground Meat Products Sold On The U.S. Commercial Market Using Dna-Based Methods, Dawn Kane, Rosalee S. Hellberg

Food Science Faculty Articles and Research

The objective of this study was to test a variety of ground meat products sold on the U.S. commercial market for the presence of potential mislabeling. Forty-eight ground meat samples were purchased from online and retail sources, including both supermarkets and specialty meat retailers. DNA was extracted from each sample in duplicate and tested using DNA barcoding of the cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene. The resulting sequences were identified at the species level using the Barcode of Life Database (BOLD). Any samples that failed DNA barcoding went through repeat extraction and sequencing, and due to the possibility of a …

Robotics In Meat Processing, Kompal Joshi, Tomas Norton, Jesus Maria Frias, Brijesh K. Tiwari

Books/Book Chapters/ Proceedings

Scientists are currently investigating micro-robotics in the medical field with a potential to provide better medical technology in the near future. When it comes to the food industry, the use of robots has been traditionally limited to picking and palletization. Today, however, robots are used in material handling and secondary or tertiary packing. Recent developments with faster computers and sophisticated sensors have made it possible to use robotics in the meat processing sectors, where their application has reduced processing costs, occupational injuries, improved efficiency and hygiene associated with meat products. Compared to other industries, the working environment in the meat …

Physico-Chemical, Rheological And Baking Properties Of Proso Millet, Manjot Singh

Theses and Dissertations--Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering

Due to climate change, water scarcity, increasing population and rising food prices, agriculture and food security has been affected worldwide. Cereal grains being a major part of world food supply also act as important energy source in human diet. In order to counter food insecurity, alternative grains are being explored, and millet being drought-resistant has the potential to serve as an alternative grain due to its comparable nutritional composition with other major cereals and its gluten free proteins. The evidence that gluten sensitivity is one of the increasing food intolerances is driving an increasing demand for gluten-free foods. However, gluten …

Effect Of Phytosanitary Irradiation And Methyl Bromide Fumigation On The Physical, Sensory, And Microbiological Quality Of Blueberries And Sweet Cherries, Karen Thang, Kimberly Au, Cyril Rakovski, Anuradha Prakash

Food Science Faculty Articles and Research

Background

The objective of this study was to determine whether irradiation could serve as a suitable phytosanitary treatment alternative to methyl bromide (MB) fumigation for blueberries and sweet cherry and also to determine the effect of phytosanitary irradiation treatment on survival of Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes on these fruit. ‘Bluecrop’ blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum) and ‘Sweetheart’ cherries (Prunus avium) were irradiated at 0.4 kGy or fumigated with methyl bromide and evaluated for quality attributes during storage.

Results

Irradiation caused an immediate decrease in firmness of both fruit without further significant change during storage. Fumigated fruit, in …

Microbiological Control And Mechanisms Of Action Of High Voltage Atmospheric Cold Plasma, Lu Han

Doctoral

Dielectric barrier discharge-atmospheric cold plasma (DBD-ACP) is a promising non-thermal technology effective against a wide range of microorganisms. These studies were performed using a custom built DBD-ACP system. The inactivation efficacy was found to be governed by a series of critical control parameters, including treatment time, mode of exposure (Direct/Indirect exposure), applied voltage, applied gas content but was also very dependent on the characteristics of treatment targets. In this study, these parameters were investigated using in-package design along with a post-treatment storage procedure to align with industrial processing times as well as mitigation of post-process contamination. A range of food …