Food Science Commons^™

Reducing The Risk: Psychological And Technological Approaches For Improving Handwashing Practices In The Foodservice Industry, Jeffrey Allan Clark

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

As Americans are spending greater portions of their dollar on food consumed outside the home, the foodservice industry plays more of an integral part of daily existence compared to previous generations. Given the numerous annual foodborne illness outbreaks that threaten human lives while undermining confidence in the food supply, food safety is a pertinent issue for industry stakeholders, government regulators, and consumers. Food worker handwashing reduces the risk of foodborne illness transmission, yet compliance with this simple behavior is a complex problem. This dissertation addresses, predominantly, the issue of sub-optimal handwashing practices through applying psychology and technology, including wearable computers …

Anthocyanin Stability In Food Products Made With Freeze-Dried Blueberry Powder, Samantha Findley

Food Science Undergraduate Honors Theses

This study evaluated the stability of anthocyanins in six blueberry products (gummy, graham bar, oatmeal bar, rice krispy bar, ice pop and juice) prepared with freeze-dried wild blueberry powder during processing and over eight weeks storage. Total anthocyanins were determined by HPLC before processing and at day 0 and 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks of storage. Thermal processing of gummy and graham bar products resulted in significant losses of anthocyanins (50% and 31%, respectively). An eight-week storage time also resulted in a significant decrease in anthocyanins (7% to 51%) in products stored at ambient temperature. The ice pop, which …

Food Culture And National Identity: Japan And The International Whaling Commission, Emma Fahey

Renée Crown University Honors Thesis Projects - All

This research project focuses on the contentious issue of whaling in the 21^st century and attempts to make sense of Japan’s whaling policy in terms of food culture and national identity. Using a constructivist theoretical framework, I analyze the impact of the whaling issue on Japan’s bilateral relations with other nations, in both the East Asian subregion and the larger global community. The results of this paper indicate that whale meat carries a deep symbolism in Japanese national identity and that the general issue of whaling has little effect of Japan’s bilateral relations with other nations. Much of the …

Characterization And Evaluation Of The Probiotic Properties Of The Sporeforming Bacteria, Bacillus Coagulans Unique Is-2, Amy Garrison

Department of Food Science and Technology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Probiotics are live organisms, that when consumed in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit to the host. To achieve probiotic status, each potential strain’s functional properties and their safety to the consumer must be comprehensively evaluated. Probiotic effects have been observed to be strain specific, therefore each new strain of interest must be characterized according to their phenotypic and genetic characteristics. There is a list of characteristics that potential probiotic strains should have to be considered as a probiotic. Potential probiotic strains should be evaluated for their acid and bile salt resistance, antimicrobial activity and adherence and colonization to intestinal …

The Anti-Inflammatory Effects Of Dietary Anthocyanins Against Ulcerative Colitis, Shiyu Li, Binning Wu, Wenyi Fu, Lavanya Reddivari

Department of Food Science Faculty Publications

Ulcerative colitis (UC), which is a major form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), is a chronic relapsing disorder of the gastrointestinal tract affecting millions of people worldwide. Alternative natural therapies, including dietary changes, are being investigated to manage or treat UC since current treatment options have serious negative side effects. There is growing evidence from animal studies and human clinical trials that diets rich in anthocyanins, which are pigments in fruits and vegetables, protect against inflammation and increased gut permeability as well as improve colon health through their ability to alter bacterial metabolism and the microbial milieu within the intestines. …

Hyperspectral Imaging Evaluation Of The Freshness Of Mushrooms (Agaricus Bisporus), Meera Hmoud Saeed Aldhaheri

Theses

Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a non-destructive analytical tool that can be used for sensing multiple attributes of foods. This thesis evaluates the application of HSI for measuring the freshness of the mushroom Agaricus bisporus (A. bisporus) in comparison with traditional seed methods. Three separate experiments were performed with 135 mushroom samples stored either in packed or unpacked conditions for 11 days. The overall results suggest that the HSI spectral region between 400 and 1000 nm is suitable for the inspection of mushroom freshness. Two distinguishing variables that aligned with physicochemical and microbiological analysis were recognized. Moisture loss was the main …

Influence Of Change In Ph On Whey Expulsion From Cheddar Cheese Curds Made From Recombined Concentrated Milk, Kanak Bulbul

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Western Dairy Center at Utah State University funded this project to investigate cheese research using concentrated milks. Concentrated milk was provided by the South Dakota State University and starter culture for this study was prepared and donated by Vivolac Cultures Corporation, Greenfield, Indiana.

The project initiated as a continuation of a previous study on effects of protein concentration, coagulum cut size and set temperature on curd moisture loss kinetics while stirring during cheesemaking. It was aimed at determining the extent to which pH drop prior to draining and final cheese moisture when using microfiltered concentrated milk.

We performed twelve …

The Total Western Diet And Vancomycin Treatment Increase Inflammation-Mediated Colorectal Cancer, Niklas David Joakim Aardema

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Prior work by our research group showed that the total Western diet (TWD), a rodent diet which models the typical American diet, promoted the development of colon tumors when fed to mice. Other researchers previously showed that vancomycin, an antibiotic that changes the gut microbiome composition, causes differential changes in the severity of colon inflammation and CRC. Our goal was to determine the combined effects of feeding the TWD and vancomycin treatment on colitis and CRC, and if these factors interact. We hypothesized that vancomycin treatment would mitigate colitis and CRC in mice fed the TWD. To this end, mice …

The Impacts Of Administering Metabolites Of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae On Broiler Performance, Yields And Salmonella Content Of Component Portions, Bill Douglas Potter

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The impacts of using health-promoting Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation metabolites in poultry production and processing can be measured in respect to multiple measures of success. Traditionally this yeast-based compound has been administered to poultry, livestock, poultry, and other species to improve animal performance and production volume output. In addition, Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation metabolites have also been shown in more recent research to reduce colonization of pathogenic bacteria in the host organism’s gastro-intestinal tract. In this dissertation, the impacts of administering a functional ingredient containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolites on broiler performance measures and pathogen reduction were measured. One of the studies in …

Implications Of Rice Cultivar Selection To Optimize Returns From Crop Insurance, David Ethan Branscum

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Rice production differs from most other field crops by distinct differences in yields across cultivars and rice producers being paid for yield after post-harvest milling. Using eleven years (2003-2013) of Arkansas harvest data from performance trials in six different locations, hybrids have 19% higher paddy yields and head rice yield rate 1.7% lower than conventional cultivars. Given the 2014 Farm Bill’s emphasis on crop insurance as a risk management tool for producers, these variations in yield among cultivars have significant implications for rice producers. Comparing national level, crop insurance data on corn, soybeans and rice indicates rice producers strongly prefer …

Study On The Abnormality Among Accumulation And Fermentation Of Maotai-Flavor Liquor In Winter Byturning And Translocation Stacking, Yuan Zaishun, Hu Ping, Chen Qian, Wang Xiaoyu

Food and Machinery

Under the condition of low temperature in winter, the accumulation and fermentation of Maotai-flavor liquor often shows abnormal heating. In this experiment, the abnormal fermentation heap A in the first and second rounds of fermentation was treated with Turning and translocation stacking. The normal accumulation of fermented grain B in the same workshop was used as a control to study the changes of fermentation microbes and physical and chemical indicators in the fermented grains, and analyze their correlation with the quality and yield of wine. Results: the turning and translocation stacking treatment could restore the normal temperature of the abnormal …

O/W Pickering Emulsions Stabilized By Caco3 And Particle Size Effect, Liu Xingnian, Wang Ling, Li Bin, Li Jing, Wei Xianling

Food and Machinery

CaCO₃ was used as stabilizer to prepare O/W Pickering emulsions. CaCO₃ of different particle size were obtained by ball milling method, and the effects were investigated from the particle size, particle concentration and ratio of water to oil on type, stability, micro-morphology and rheology property of the emulsions. The results indicated that Ball-milled CaCO₃ can stabilize Pickering emulsions, and the emulsion was stable after long-term storage. Particle size of CaCO₃ had effect on the stability of emulsions and drop size of the emulsion increased with expansion of the particle size. When particle concentration was increased, the …

Effect Of Ultrasound On Physicochemical And Emulsifying Properties Of Pork Myofibrillar Protein, Diao Xiaoqin, Guan Haining, Qiao Xiuli, Liu Dongqi, Liu Wang

Food and Machinery

The physicochemical and emulsifying properties of pork myobrillar protein (MP) solution treated by ultrasound power: 0, 80, 140, 180 and 200 W were examined. Compared with MP without ultrasonic treatment, with the increase of ultrasonic power, d_{4, 3} of MP decreased, while solubility, absolute value of the zeta potential, emulsifying activity and emulsion stability were significantly increased. Meanwhile 180 W was the optimum ultrasound power to obtain the highest emulsifying activity index (EAI) and emulsion stability index (ESI). The increase of emulsion stability was related to increased zeta potential and reduced average particle size. Optical microscopy observation proved that …

Study On The Pasting, Rheological And Gelatinization Properties Of Sweet Potato/Corn Starch Blend, Zhang Dandan, Liu Xiaokang, Ma Liping, Zhang Xiaoyu

Food and Machinery

This research studied the characteristics of paste, rheology and gelatinization of sweet potato/maize starch mixtures in different proportions(0∶100; 25∶75; 50∶50; 75∶25; 100∶0). The pasting results showed that the pasting temperature of corn starch (77.7 ℃) was higher than that of sweet potato starch (73.2 ℃), and the peak viscosity of sweet potato starch (513 BU) was greater than that of corn starch (281 BU); The breakdown and setback were in between two kinds of starch. The dynamic frequency scanning tests showed that the elastic modulus of corn starch was about four times as that of sweet potato starch, and the …

Effect Of Supplementing Rutin On Quality And Antioxidant Capacity Of Low-Fat Yoghurt, Hou Caiyun, Guo Xiulan, Peng Jiaxuan, Lu Yurong

Food and Machinery

Based on skimmed milk, the effects were investigated on supplementing different concentrations of rutin (0.015%, 0.020%, 0.025% and 0.030%) in fermentation time, acidity, water holding capacity, sensory quality, antioxidant capacity and microbe numbers of low fat yogurt. The results showed that the addition of 0.015%～0.025% rutin increased the water holding capacity and the state sensory score of yoghurt (P＜0.05) compared with the control. With the rutin amount increasing, the rutin contents and antioxidant capacity were gradually increased in yoghurt, and they were significantly enhanced when the amount was more than 0.015%. The numbers of fermented bacteria were reduced as the …

Identification Of Glucosinolate In Different Varieties Of Broccoli Leaves Baesd On Hplc-Q-Tof-Ms Technology, Peng Pei, Tianyan, Deng Fangming, Qing Zhixing

Food and Machinery

A method for identification of glucosinolate in three kinds of cruciferous vegetable leaves was developed by using HPLC-Q-TOF-MS. Firstly, the mass spectrometry fragmentation pathways of two standard glucosinolates was studied. The bond of glucose, sulfated thiohydroximate and R-group was easily fractured and the rearrangement reaction was observed for the forming the fragment ions. Then, the structure of 8 glucosinolates including 3-(methylsulfinyl) propyl (1), 4-(methylsulfinyl) butyl (2), 3-butenyl (3), 4-hydroxybenzyl (4), 1-hydroxyindol-3-ylmethyl (5), Indol-3-ylmethyl (6), 1-methoxyindol-3-ylmethyl (7), 6-(methylsulfonyl) hexyl glucosinolate (8) were identified based on the fragmentation pathways of two standard glucosinolates, There were 4 kinds of glucosinolate (1, 2, 4, …

Pma-Qpcr For Detecting Live Bacteria Of Shaanxi Kiwifruit Cancer Dominant Pathogen, Xiao Yan, Liu Yunhong, Gao Guitian, Cao Fan, Ma Yanping, Zhao Wuqi, Lei Yushan

Food and Machinery

Combining Propidium Monoazide Bromide (PMA) with real-time quantitative (qPCR) to detect the number of the live bacteria of kiwifruit cancer dominant pathogen in Shaanxi province. The optimal condition for PMA-qPCR to distinguish between live and dead ulcer bacteria was determined by optimizing the optimum concentration of PMA, incubation time and light exposure time. The results showed that all Psa were killed when treated by boiling water bath at 98.3 ℃ for 13 min. When the concentration of dead Psa was 1×10⁷ CFU/mL, the suitable concentration of covalent crosslinking between PMA and dead Psa was 105 μg/mL, the best incubation …

Establishment And Comparison Of Htlcs And Hplc For Detecting The Luteolin, Apigenin And Acacetin In Chuju Chrysanthemum, Zhou Guoliang, Cai Yuru, Li Sasa, Jian Qian, Feng Shunli, Qing Meisong, Yu Hao

Food and Machinery

Taking the luteolin, apigenin and carnelin in the chrysanthemum as the determination index, the high-performance thin-layer scanning method (HTLCS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to determine the linear relationship between each method. The linear relationship and range of each method were investigated. The results showed that the established HTLSC and HPLC methods met the requirements, and the linear relationship was good, RE<3%. However, there was no significant difference between the two methods (P>0.05). The method of establishing HTLCS and HPLC method was reasonable. The determination of three components of luteolin, apigenin and acacetin could be carried out by using HTLCS instead of HPLC.

Detection Of The Ph Value Of Cigarette Smoke In Simulated Oral Environment, Li Huaiqi, Qiu Jianhua, Li Guozheng, Li Qian, Huang Pei, Chcn Xiao, Yang Chen, Wang Yong, Liu Jinxiao, Wang Ning, Ma Yan, Luo Zhen

Food and Machinery

To evaluate the pH value of mainstream cigarette smoke (MCS) in the simulated oral environment, with Cambridge filter to collect mainstream cigarette smoke particulate, oral solution by simulating shock to extract filter, pH composite electrode to determinate pH value of extraction solution, and set up a method to measure the pH of MCS. Correlation analysis was made between the pH and the contents of routine chemical components in MCS, between pH and the sensory evaluation of MCS. The results showed that: ① the pH value of MCS was highly correlated with the total particulate matter, tar, nicotine and H2O content …

The Value And Enlightenment Of Japanese Food Safety Basic Law, Wu Lijun

Food and Machinery

The Japanese Food Safety Basic Law establishes a traceability quality assurance system for the whole process of food safety in terms of legislative content, and constructs a consistent food safety regulatory organization system and food safety standards. And the implementation of a severe punishment system for food safety-related illegal acts fully reflects the effectiveness and flexibility of food safety supervision, which is based on the effective protection of national health and pays attention to the effectiveness and flexibility of food safety supervision. And the legislative value of ensuring the matching of food safety responsibility with harmfulness and so on. In …

Dimension Of Resolving Administrative Punishment Disputes In The New 《Food Safety Law》, An Yonghua

Food and Machinery

The provisions of the new Food Safety Law on administrative penalty have changed from individual-oriented to legal person-oriented, the intensity of punishment has increased and the number of punished objects for the same illegal act has increased, which is the institutional motivation for many administrative penalty disputes that did not exist before. In the practice of administrative penalties for food safety, the increasing possibility of abusing discretion by administrative supervision departments, the lack of operational rules and standards for administrative penalties, and the lack of scientific and unified hearing procedures are the practical mechanisms that may lead to administrative penalty …

Research On Cooperative Mechanism Of Food Safety Supervision In China, Ren Fuying

Food and Machinery

In recent years, China's food safety problems are frequent, and the social impact is bad. Lack of cooperative spirit, unbalanced risk distribution and widespread soft budget constraints among various regulatory bodies lead to fragmentation in the fields of responsibility concept, regulatory bodies, resource allocation, system reform and so on. The holistic governance theory provides beneficial enlightenment for solving the above problems.

Numerical Simulation Of Meshing Co-Rotating Twin Screw Extrusion Process Under Non-Isothermal Conditions, Zhao Yulian, Li Xin, An Qi, Huang Zhigang

Food and Machinery

The SolidWorks 3D modeling software was used to construct the meshing co-rotating twin-screw physical model. By changing the rotational speed of the PLA processed by the screw extruder, the non-isothermal flow analysis was used to carry out the corresponding numerical simulation in the polyflow software. Compare the effect of speed on the processing of PLA. The numerical results show that under non-isothermal conditions, the temperature increases linearly in the direction from the inlet to the outlet, that is, in the extrusion direction. On the Z-axis section, the temperature gradually increases outward in the radial direction. By comparing the flow field …

Reserch On Simulation Of Flow Field In Main Press Section Of Single Screw Press Based On Fluent, Gu Jin, Huang Zhigang, Mi Guoqiang, Hu Shuzhen

Food and Machinery

In order to study the flow field distribution and variation law of the interaction between oil and screw in the chamber of a single screw press, a physical model of the screw press and the fluid field was established. In Fluent software, k-e model and SIMPLEC solver are used to solve the finite element simulation. The distribution of pressure field and velocity field of oil in the main pressing section is obtained. Through fluid-structure coupling analysis, the stress and deformation of the screw under oil extrusion are obtained, and the location where the screw is prone to large deformation and …

Influence Of Different Pressure On Heat Transfer Of Nozzle With Different Sizes, Gu Hanwen, Xie Jing, Wang Jinfeng

Food and Machinery

Food industry is demanding higher and higher quality of frozen food, and the quickfreezer can well meet this requirement. In this study, the internal flow field of quick freezer with slit nozzle type was taken as the research object.Three different sizes of nozzle structures based on inlet pressure of 190 Pa, 170 Pa and 160 Pa, numerical simulation and field test of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) were used to compare the differences of internal flow field and heat transfer characteristics of three nozzle structures under different pressure conditions. The results showed that the outlet wind velocity, Nusselt number and uniformity …

Study On The Performance Of Constant Temperature Drying Mode Of Multifunctional Heat Pump Drying Device, Mu Huan, Tang Lan, Sun Yanhong

Food and Machinery

In order to promote the application of heat pump drying technology, a multifunctional heat pump drying device with heating was designed. The conventional drying, constant temperature drying, and various operating modes were refrigerated, and the corresponding experimental bench was set up to test the performance of the constant temperature drying mode. The air supply temperature of the heat pump drying device and the bypass rate of the drying medium were adjusted by the control system, and the drying experiment was carried out under different operating conditions to test the effects on the wet cotton cloth. The results showed that the …

Design Of The On-Line Continuous Cutting Equipment Foryoung Coconut, Zhang Cong

Food and Machinery

The young coconut cutting technology was studied and the new automatic processing equipment was designed. The equipment could transport young coconuts with fixed spacing. In the process of operation, realized the synchronous cutting of the cylindrical surface and the conical top of the fruit and the cutting and separating of the ends. Finally the product was formed. The design scheme, key structural and technical principle of this device was also detailed. In the experiment, the young coconut with transverse diameter of φ150~160 mm was used as the processing object, and the products with cylindrical diameter of 130 mm and height …

Optimum Design And Analysis Of Yuba Cutting Tool, Du Changqiang, Xu Liangyuan

Food and Machinery

The Solidworks software is used to analyze the statics and modal of the circular cutter and the straight blade knife. In the same test condition, the mass and volume wear tests of circular and straight-edged cutting tools were carried out, and the data of stress, strain, displacement and wear about the two kinds of shape cutting tools in the operation were obtained. Through comprehensive analysis, it is found that the straight blade flat cutter has less wear and better stability, and is more suitable for continuous mechanized cutting. The straight blade flat cutter is preferably selected as the main cutting …

Germicidal Effects Of Ultraviolet On Condensed Milk Barrel And Its Dynamic, Zhang Weiwei, Sun Yanhui, Wei Haiyang, Jia Xiaoli, Liu Shulan, Gu Haiyang

Food and Machinery

An innovation UV irradiation device was used to detect the germicidal efficacy of UV irradiation on microorganisms inside the condensed milk barrel. In terms of germicidal rates, experiments were conducted to investigate the disinfecting feasibility and the effectiveness of ultraviolet under 60 experimental conditions, which were formed by 4×5×3 factorial combinations of radiant intensity, radiant time and radiant distance. The results indicated the germicidal rate was positively correlated with the radiant intensity, radiant time and radiant distance. Meanwhile, it was up to 99.9% for 90 second by UV irradiation in the same light with the radiant intensity above 90 μW/cm …

Analysis Of Packaging Design Elements Based On Eye Tracking Technology And Quantitation Theory, Zhang Yue, Hou Yadan, Li Hui

Food and Machinery

In order to design packaging that meets the consumer's perceptual needs, we use eye tracking technology and quantitation theory type I to study the key design factors that influence consumer emotions through eye movement indicators. The evaluation of kansei image of consumers is obtained through semantic difference method. The application of quantitation theory type I was used to establishes the relationship betweenkansei image and design elements and constructs mathematical models to auxiliary packaging design. The case study of tea packaging design shows that the method was accurate and feasible.