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Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

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Articles 751 - 780 of 1026

Full-Text Articles in Food Science

Polyphenols With Antiglycation Activity And Mechanisms Of Action: A Review Of Recent Findings, W.-J. Yeh, S.-M. Hsia, W.-H. Lee, C.-H. Wu Jul 2020

Polyphenols With Antiglycation Activity And Mechanisms Of Action: A Review Of Recent Findings, W.-J. Yeh, S.-M. Hsia, W.-H. Lee, C.-H. Wu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are substances composed of amino groups of proteins and reducing sugars. The initial and propagation phases of the glycation process are accompanied by the production of a large amount of free radicals, carbonyl species, and reactive dicarbonyl species, of which, methylglyoxal (MG) is the most reactive and can cause dicarbonyl stress, influencing normal physiological functions. In the advanced phase, the production of AGEs and the interaction between AGEs and their receptor, RAGE, are also considered to be among the causes of chronic diseases, oxidative stress, and inflammatory reaction. Till date, multiple physiological activities of polyphenols …

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Black Garlic: A Critical Review Of Its Production, Bioactivity, And Application, S. Kimura, Y.-C. Tung, M.-H. Pan, N.-W. Su, Y.-J. Lai, K.-C. Cheng Jul 2020

Black Garlic: A Critical Review Of Its Production, Bioactivity, And Application, S. Kimura, Y.-C. Tung, M.-H. Pan, N.-W. Su, Y.-J. Lai, K.-C. Cheng

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Black garlic is obtained from fresh garlic (Allium sativum L.) that has been fermented for a period of time at a controlled high temperature (60–90°C) under controlled high humidity (80–90%). When compared with fresh garlic, black garlic does not release a strong offensive flavor owing to the reduced content of allicin. Enhanced bioactivity of black garlic compared with that of fresh garlic is attributed to its changes in physicochemical properties. Studies concerning the fundamental findings of black garlic, such as its production, bioactivity, and applications, have thus been conducted. Several types of black garlic products are also available in the …

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Biopharmaceutical Potentials Of Prosopis Spp. (Mimosaceae, Leguminosa), S. Henciya, P. Seturaman, A.R. James, Y.-H. Tsai, R. Nikam, Y.-C. Wu, H.-U. Dahms, F.R. Chang Jul 2020

Biopharmaceutical Potentials Of Prosopis Spp. (Mimosaceae, Leguminosa), S. Henciya, P. Seturaman, A.R. James, Y.-H. Tsai, R. Nikam, Y.-C. Wu, H.-U. Dahms, F.R. Chang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Prosopis is a commercially important plant genus, which has been used since ancient times, particularly for medicinal purposes. Traditionally, Paste, gum, and smoke from leaves and pods are applied for anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial purposes. Components of Prosopis such as flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, quinones, or phenolic compounds demonstrate potentials in various biofunctions, such as analgesic, anthelmintic, antibiotic, antiemetic, microbial antioxidant, antimalarial, antiprotozoal, antipustule, and antiulcer activities; enhancement of H+, K+, ATPases; oral disinfection; and probiotic and nutritional effects; as well as in other biopharmaceutical applications, such as binding abilities for tablet production. The compound juliflorine provides a cure in …

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Functional Study Of Cordyceps Sinensis And Cordycepin In Male Reproduction: A Review, Y.-C. Chen, Y.-H. Chen, B.-S. Pan, M.-M. Chang, B.-M. Huang Jul 2020

Functional Study Of Cordyceps Sinensis And Cordycepin In Male Reproduction: A Review, Y.-C. Chen, Y.-H. Chen, B.-S. Pan, M.-M. Chang, B.-M. Huang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Cordyceps sinensis has various biological and pharmacological functions, and it has been claimed as a tonic supplement for sexual and reproductive dysfunctions for a long time in oriental society. In this article, the in vitro and in vivo effects of C. sinensis and cordycepin on mouse Leydig cell steroidogenesis are briefly described, the stimulatory mechanisms are summarized, and the recent findings related to the alternative substances regulating male reproductive functions are also discussed. © 2016

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Chemopreventive Effect Of Natural Dietary Compounds On Xenobiotic-Induced Toxicity, J.-C. Wu, C.-S. Lai, M.-L. Tsai, C.-T. Ho, Y.-J. Wang, M.-H. Pan Jul 2020

Chemopreventive Effect Of Natural Dietary Compounds On Xenobiotic-Induced Toxicity, J.-C. Wu, C.-S. Lai, M.-L. Tsai, C.-T. Ho, Y.-J. Wang, M.-H. Pan

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Contaminants (or pollutants) that affect human health have become an important issue, spawning a myriad of studies on how to prevent harmful contaminant-induced effects. Recently, a variety of biological functions of natural dietary compounds derived from consumed foods and plants have been demonstrated in a number of studies. Natural dietary compounds exhibited several beneficial effects for the prevention of disease and the inhibition of chemically-induced carcinogenesis. Contaminant-induced toxicity and carcinogenesis are mostly attributed to the mutagenic activity of reactive metabolites and the disruption of normal biological functions. Therefore, the metabolic regulation of hazardous chemicals is key to reducing contaminant-induced adverse …

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An Apple A Day To Prevent Cancer Formation: Reducing Cancer Risk With Flavonoids, S.-H. Tu, L.-C. Chen, Y.-S. Ho Jul 2020

An Apple A Day To Prevent Cancer Formation: Reducing Cancer Risk With Flavonoids, S.-H. Tu, L.-C. Chen, Y.-S. Ho

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The purpose of this review is to update and discuss key findings from in vitro and in vivo studies on apple and its biocompounds, with a special focus on its anticancer role. Several studies have proposed that apple and its extracts exhibit a variety of biological functions that may contribute to health benefits including beneficial effects against chronic heart and vascular disorders, respiratory and pulmonary dysfunction, diabetes, obesity, and cancer. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanism(s) of various components in apple, as established in previous studies that indicated their growth-inhibitory effects in various cancer cell types. Moreover, an …

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Preface, P.-D.L. Chao Jul 2020

Preface, P.-D.L. Chao

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

[No abstract available]

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4-O-Caffeoylquinic Acid As An Antioxidant Marker For Mulberry Leaves Rich In Phenolic Compounds, J.G. Ganzon, L.-G. Chen, C.-C. Wang Jul 2020

4-O-Caffeoylquinic Acid As An Antioxidant Marker For Mulberry Leaves Rich In Phenolic Compounds, J.G. Ganzon, L.-G. Chen, C.-C. Wang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves are widely used as herbal tea to prevent heat stroke. Potential chemical markers of the antioxidant properties and its correlation with harvesting times and leaf location were explored in this study. A 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging assay guided isolation of mulberry leaves extract provided five phenolic compounds: 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (1), 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid (2), gastrodin (3), isoquercetin (4) and rutin (5). The 50% radical-scavenging concentrations (SC50) of these compounds were 32.76 ± 0.27, 11.41 ± 0.48, 404.30 ± 4.92, 10.63 ± 0.96, and 10.57 ± 0.61 μg/mL, respectively. Chromatographic fingerprinting allowed content analysis of 1–5 in samples …

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Lactic Acid Bacteria-Fermented Product Of Green Tea And Houttuynia Cordata Leaves Exerts Anti-Adipogenic And Anti-Obesity Effects, L.-C. Wang, T.-M. Pan, T.-Y. Tsai Jul 2020

Lactic Acid Bacteria-Fermented Product Of Green Tea And Houttuynia Cordata Leaves Exerts Anti-Adipogenic And Anti-Obesity Effects, L.-C. Wang, T.-M. Pan, T.-Y. Tsai

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Obesity is associated with higher risks of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Green tea, rich in polyphenolic compounds such as epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and epigallocatechin (EGC), has been shown to display anti-obesity effects. Houttuynia cordata leaves have also been shown to exhibit anti-obesity effects due to their chlorogenic acid content. Lactic acid bacteria are able to increase the production of polyphenolic compounds. This study aims to develop a novel anti-obesity fermentation product by combining H. cordata leaf tea with green tea, using Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei NTU 101 (NTU 101) for fermentation due to the advantages of bioconverting the polyphenolic …

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Enantioseparation Of Phenothiazines Through Capillary Electrophoresis With Solid Phase Extraction And Polymer Based Stacking, W.-B. Tseng, M.-M. Hsieh, T.-C. Chiu, P.-L. Yu, S.-H. Chen Jul 2020

Enantioseparation Of Phenothiazines Through Capillary Electrophoresis With Solid Phase Extraction And Polymer Based Stacking, W.-B. Tseng, M.-M. Hsieh, T.-C. Chiu, P.-L. Yu, S.-H. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This study developed a sensitive method involving capillary electrophoresis (CE) coupled with ultraviolet absorption for the simultaneous separation of chiral phenothiazine drugs at nanomolar concentration levels. The method consists of hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin (Hp-γ-CD) as a chiral selector and poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDAC)-based CE. Five pairs of D,L-phenothiazines were baseline separated using a background electrolyte containing 0.9% PDDAC, 5 mM Hp-γ-CD, and 100 mM tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris)-formate (pH 3.0). The five pairs were successfully stacked on the basis of the difference in viscosity between the PDDAC-containing background electrolyte and the sample solution, with almost no loss of resolution. The combination of a solid-phase …

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Mulberry Leaf Extract Inhibit Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Proliferation Via Depressing Il-6 And Tnf-Α Derived From Adipocyte, C.-H. Chang, Y.-T. Chang, T.-H. Tseng, C.-J. Wang Jul 2020

Mulberry Leaf Extract Inhibit Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Proliferation Via Depressing Il-6 And Tnf-Α Derived From Adipocyte, C.-H. Chang, Y.-T. Chang, T.-H. Tseng, C.-J. Wang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Epidemiological studies have revealed that obesity and being overweight are associated with increased cancer risk. Adipose tissue is regarded as an endocrine organ that secretes proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), which are related to the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, adipocytes from 3T3-L1 cells were induced and stained with Oil Red O, which revealed marked intracellular lipid accumulation. Adding 15% conditioned medium (CM) from adipogenic -differentiated 3T3-L1 cells, which contained adipocyte-derived factors, to a culture medium of HepG2 cells was discovered to promote cell proliferation by a factor of up to …

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Elemental Profile And Oxygen Isotope Ratio (Δ18o) For Verifying The Geographical Origin Of Chinese Wines, S. Fan, Q. Zhong, H. Gao, D. Wang, G. Li, Z. Huang Jul 2020

Elemental Profile And Oxygen Isotope Ratio (Δ18o) For Verifying The Geographical Origin Of Chinese Wines, S. Fan, Q. Zhong, H. Gao, D. Wang, G. Li, Z. Huang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The elemental profile and oxygen isotope ratio (δ18O) of 188 wine samples collected from the Changji, Mile, and Changli regions in China were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS), respectively. By combining the data of δ18O and the concentration data of 52 elements, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique was firstly applied to obtain the important descriptors for the discrimination of the three geographical origins. Ca, Al, Mg, B, Fe, K, Rb, Mn, Na, P, Co, Ga, As, Sr, and δ18O were identified as the …

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Concentrations Of Perfluoroalkyl Substances In Foods And The Dietary Exposure Among Taiwan General Population And Pregnant Women, W.-L. Chen, F.-Y. Bai, Y.-C. Chang, P.-C. Chen, C.-Y. Chen Jul 2020

Concentrations Of Perfluoroalkyl Substances In Foods And The Dietary Exposure Among Taiwan General Population And Pregnant Women, W.-L. Chen, F.-Y. Bai, Y.-C. Chang, P.-C. Chen, C.-Y. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This study quantified five perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) and two perfluorosulfonic acids in cereals, meats, seafood, eggs, pork liver, and milk in Taiwan using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and evaluated the dietary exposure of the general population and pregnant women using per capita consumption and a questionnaire, respectively. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and PFCAs of 10–12 carbons were found in almost all of the samples in considerable concentrations in rice and pork liver, reaching as high as 283 ng/g (PFOA in pork liver); the levels are two to three orders of magnitude higher than previous reports. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), the most …

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Application Of Thermal Stability Difference To Remove Flammutoxin In Fungal Immunomodulatory Protein, Fip-Fve, Extract From Flammulina Velutipes, C.-H. Tung, C.-C. Lin, H.-J. Wang, S.-F. Chen, F. Sheu, T.-J. Lu Jul 2020

Application Of Thermal Stability Difference To Remove Flammutoxin In Fungal Immunomodulatory Protein, Fip-Fve, Extract From Flammulina Velutipes, C.-H. Tung, C.-C. Lin, H.-J. Wang, S.-F. Chen, F. Sheu, T.-J. Lu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Fungal immunomodulatory protein (FIP-fve) is a potential functional food ingredient. However, undesirable component flammutoxin (FTX) would occur in the extracted fraction of FIP-fve. In this paper, an application of heating processing instead of the intensive separation process was employed in fractionation of FIP-fve, meanwhile, exclusion of FTX was reached. Contents of FIP-fve and FTX were monitored by HPLC-UV-ESI-MS. Both FIP-fve and FTX had higher thermal stability in a lower concentration solution. Cold water could effectively extract FIP-fve and FTX from fresh mushroom without acetic acid and disulfide-bond breaking agent β-mercaptoethanol commonly used in biochemical studies. Heating cold water extract contained …

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Combination Of On-Line Desalting And Hplc-Uv-Esi-Ms For Simultaneous Detection And Identification Of Fip-Fve And Flammutoxin In Flammulina Velutipes, C.-H. Tung, C.-C. Lin, C.-C. Tung, S.-F. Chen, F. Sheu, T.-J. Lu Jul 2020

Combination Of On-Line Desalting And Hplc-Uv-Esi-Ms For Simultaneous Detection And Identification Of Fip-Fve And Flammutoxin In Flammulina Velutipes, C.-H. Tung, C.-C. Lin, C.-C. Tung, S.-F. Chen, F. Sheu, T.-J. Lu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A rapid analytical approach, on-line desalting HPLC-UV-ESI-MS method, for the analysis of FIP-fve and flammutoxin (FTX), two important bioactive proteins in the fruiting bodies of Flammulina velutipes, was developed. In this study, a highly efficient desalting method is provided using molecular weight cut-off centrifugal filtration and on-line desalting. Sample preparation followed by an on-line desalting HPLC-UV-ESI-MS system was employed for simultaneous desalting and detection and identification of FIP-fve and FTX. Results indicated that using trifluoroacetic acid as a modifier on a C18 reversed-phase column renders effective separation. ESI-MS revealed that the apparent molecular masses of FIP-fve and FTX were 12,749.1 …

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A Feasible And Practical 1h Nmr Analytical Method For The Quality Control And Quantification Of Bioactive Principles In Lycii Fructus, L.-Y. Hsieh, H.-H. Chan, P.-C. Kuo, H.-Y. Hung, Y.-C. Li, C.-L. Kuo, Y. Peng, Z.-Z. Zhao, D.-H. Kuo, I.-W. Sun, T.-S. Wu Jul 2020

A Feasible And Practical 1h Nmr Analytical Method For The Quality Control And Quantification Of Bioactive Principles In Lycii Fructus, L.-Y. Hsieh, H.-H. Chan, P.-C. Kuo, H.-Y. Hung, Y.-C. Li, C.-L. Kuo, Y. Peng, Z.-Z. Zhao, D.-H. Kuo, I.-W. Sun, T.-S. Wu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Lycii Fructus, a solanaceous drug, is widely used as functional foods and in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Samples collected from different regions of China have been found to be not identical in chemical compositions which might affect the biological activities. Although many chromatographic and spectrometric methods have been reported to determine the concentration of betaine and other bioactive amino acids, disturbance resulted from other polar substances with low UV-absorbance and expensive mass facilities reduced the applicability of these techniques. In the present study, the strong cation exchange solid phase extraction procedure incorporated with 1H NMR was successfully developed as a rapid …

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Comparative Study Of Two Different Chromatographic Approaches For Quantitation Of Hydrocortisone Acetate And Pramoxine Hydrochloride In Presence Of Their Impurities, F. Ibrahim, A.K. El-Deen, K. Shimizu Jul 2020

Comparative Study Of Two Different Chromatographic Approaches For Quantitation Of Hydrocortisone Acetate And Pramoxine Hydrochloride In Presence Of Their Impurities, F. Ibrahim, A.K. El-Deen, K. Shimizu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In the present study, we compare the performance of two reversed-phase liquid chromatographic approaches using different eluents either conventional hydro-organic eluent or micellar one for simultaneous estimation of hydrocortisone acetate and pramoxine hydrochloride in presence of their degradants and process-related impurities; hydrocortisone and 4-butoxyphenol, respectively. For conventional reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC), separation of the studied compounds was completed on an Inertsil ODS 3-C18 column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm particle size) with a mobile phase consists of 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 5.0): acetonitrile (50: 50, v/v). For micellar liquid chromatography (MLC), an Eclipse XDB-C8 column (150 mm …

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Improvement Of Nutritional Components And In Vitro Antioxidative Properties Of Soy-Powder Yogurts Using Lactobacillus Plantarum, J.H. Lee, C.E. Hwang, E.J. Cho, Y.H. Song, S.C. Kim, K.M. Cho Jul 2020

Improvement Of Nutritional Components And In Vitro Antioxidative Properties Of Soy-Powder Yogurts Using Lactobacillus Plantarum, J.H. Lee, C.E. Hwang, E.J. Cho, Y.H. Song, S.C. Kim, K.M. Cho

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This research was the first to demonstrate changes in nutritional compositions (isoflavone and CLA) from the 50% methanol extracts of soy-powder milk (SPM) and soy-powder yogurt (SPY) through fermentation using Lactobacillus plantarum S48 and P1201 strains. The radical scavenging activities and protective effects against oxidative stress in LLC-PK1 cells were also investigated. The average physicochemical characteristics including acidity and viable cell number as well as β-glucosidase activity increased with 0.2 → 0.7%, 7.5 → 9.8 log cfu/mL, and 0.0 3 → 1.75 U/g in SPYs. Total average isoflavones were considerably reduced (3180.3 → 2018.3 μg/g) with the increase of aglycone …

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Synergic Effect Of Curcumin And Its Structural Analogue (Monoacetylcurcumin) On Anti-Influenza Virus Infection, S.M. Richart, Y.-L. Li, Y. Mizushina, Y.-Y. Chang, T.-Y. Chung, G.-H. Chen, J.T.-C. Tzen, K.-S. Shia, W.-L. Hsu Jul 2020

Synergic Effect Of Curcumin And Its Structural Analogue (Monoacetylcurcumin) On Anti-Influenza Virus Infection, S.M. Richart, Y.-L. Li, Y. Mizushina, Y.-Y. Chang, T.-Y. Chung, G.-H. Chen, J.T.-C. Tzen, K.-S. Shia, W.-L. Hsu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Curcumin (Cur), a polyphenolic compound extracted from spice and common food colourant turmeric, contains versatile bio-activities. Monoacetylcurcumin (MAC), a structural analogue of Cur, differs from Cur by acetyl modification, but retains enone groups. Comparative analysis revealed MAC effectively inhibited influenza virus infection (IAV) to a similar extent as, if not superior to, curcumin. Both compounds mildly reduced viral NA activity. Surprisingly, unlike Cur, the MAC inhibition of IAV did not occur through the blocking of HA activity. However, MAC strongly dampened Akt phosphorylation, the prerequisite signalling for efficient IAV propagation. A much stronger inhibition effect on IAV infection was observed …

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Resveratrol Protects Muscle Cells Against Palmitate-Induced Cellular Senescence And Insulin Resistance Through Ameliorating Autophagic Flux, Y.-C. Chang, H.-W. Liu, Y.-T. Chen, Y.-A. Chen, Y.-J. Chen, S.-J. Chang Jul 2020

Resveratrol Protects Muscle Cells Against Palmitate-Induced Cellular Senescence And Insulin Resistance Through Ameliorating Autophagic Flux, Y.-C. Chang, H.-W. Liu, Y.-T. Chen, Y.-A. Chen, Y.-J. Chen, S.-J. Chang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Skeletal muscle, a highly metabolic tissue, is particularly vulnerable to increased levels of saturated free fatty acids (FFAs). The role of autophagy in saturated FFAs-induced cellular senescence and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle remains unclear. Therefore, the present study was aimed to explore autophagic flux in cellular senescence and insulin resistance induced by palmitate in muscle cells, and whether resveratrol limited these responses. Our results showed that palmitate induced cellular senescence in both myoblasts and myotubes. In addition, palmitate delayed differentiation in myoblasts and inhibited expression of insulin-stimulated p-AKTSer473 in myotubes. The accumulations of autophagosome assessed by tandem fluorescent-tagged LC3 …

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Effects Of Vitamin B-6 Supplementation On Oxidative Stress And Inflammatory Response In Neonatal Rats Receiving Hyperoxia Therapy, M.-S. Lee, T.-C. Su, Y.-C. Huang, R.C. Yang, J.-K. Kao, C.-H. Lee, J.-J. Tseng, C.-S. Hsu, C.-L. Hsu Jul 2020

Effects Of Vitamin B-6 Supplementation On Oxidative Stress And Inflammatory Response In Neonatal Rats Receiving Hyperoxia Therapy, M.-S. Lee, T.-C. Su, Y.-C. Huang, R.C. Yang, J.-K. Kao, C.-H. Lee, J.-J. Tseng, C.-S. Hsu, C.-L. Hsu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Hyperoxia is often used in the treatment of neonates. However, protracted use of hyperoxia leads to significant morbidity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of vitamin B-6 supplementation on oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in neonatal rats undergoing hyperoxia therapy. The study consisted of 2 parts: a survival study and a vitamin B-6 efficacy study for 16 days. Neonatal rats were randomly divided into either the control group, B-6 group (subcutaneously injected with 90 mg/kg/d of pyridoxal 5′-phosphate [PLP]), O2 group (treated with 85% oxygen), or O2 + B-6 group (simultaneously treated with 85% oxygen and …

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Quantitative And Qualitative Analyses Of Cytotoxic Triterpenoids In The Rhizomes Of Anemone Raddeana Using Hplc And Hplc-Esi-Q/Tof-Ms, Y. Zhao, X. Zhang, C. Lv, Y. Yu, Y. Zhang, J. Lu Jul 2020

Quantitative And Qualitative Analyses Of Cytotoxic Triterpenoids In The Rhizomes Of Anemone Raddeana Using Hplc And Hplc-Esi-Q/Tof-Ms, Y. Zhao, X. Zhang, C. Lv, Y. Yu, Y. Zhang, J. Lu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Anemone raddeana Regel, a Traditional Chinese Medicine, has been demonstrated to possess cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activities. The purpose of this study is to establish analytical methods to identify and quantify the major active constituents in Anemone raddeana. A high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-Q/TOF-MS) was used to identify the components in the title plant material. To quantify the major components, a HPLC-UV method was developed and validated. The results showed that 37 compounds were identified based on the MS data and retention times. The contents of eight main bioactive compounds were determined by …

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Investigation Of Aflatoxins Contamination In Herbal Materia Medica In A Taiwan Pharmaceutical Factory, M.-Y. Chien, C.-M. Yang, C.-M. Huang, C.-H. Chen Jul 2020

Investigation Of Aflatoxins Contamination In Herbal Materia Medica In A Taiwan Pharmaceutical Factory, M.-Y. Chien, C.-M. Yang, C.-M. Huang, C.-H. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

During the years 2005–2016, a total of 1067 samples for 24 types of herbal materia medica were investigated for the presence of aflatoxins (AFs) using immunoaffinity column cleanup and HPLC-coupled to a fluorescence detector after post-column derivatization. AFs were detected in 373 (35%) out of the total samples. Among them, Platycladi Semen (65% for total AFs and 79% for AFB1), Corydalis Rhizoma (53% for total AFs and 32% for AFB1), Corni Fructus (3% for total AFs), Coicis Semen (3% for total AFs and AFB1), Nelumbinis Semen (6% for total AFs and 9% for AFB1), Arecae Semen (18% for AFB1), Polygalae …

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Characterization Of Titanium Dioxide And Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles In Sunscreen Powder By Comparing Different Measurement Methods, P.J. Lu, S.W. Fang, W.L. Cheng, S.C. Huang, M.C. Huang, H.F. Cheng Jul 2020

Characterization Of Titanium Dioxide And Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles In Sunscreen Powder By Comparing Different Measurement Methods, P.J. Lu, S.W. Fang, W.L. Cheng, S.C. Huang, M.C. Huang, H.F. Cheng

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Numerous consumer products, such as cosmetics, contain nanoparticles (NPs) of titanium dioxide (TiO2) or zinc oxide (ZnO); however, this raises questions concerning the safety of such additives. Most of these products do not indicate whether the product includes NPs. In this study, we characterized metal oxide NPs according to size, shape, and composition as well as their aggregation/agglomeration characteristics. In order to comprehend quickly the characterization of metal oxide NPs, we employed single particle inductively coupled plasma (SP-ICPMS) to help quantify the size of metal oxide NPs; then, we use transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to corroborate the results. The crystal …

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Flavonoids Luteolin And Quercetin Inhibit Rps19 And Contributes To Metastasis Of Cancer Cells Through C-Myc Reduction, K.-C. Chen, W.-H. Hsu, J.-Y. Ho, C.-W. Lin, C.-Y. Chu, C.C. Kandaswami, M.-T. Lee, C.-H. Cheng Jul 2020

Flavonoids Luteolin And Quercetin Inhibit Rps19 And Contributes To Metastasis Of Cancer Cells Through C-Myc Reduction, K.-C. Chen, W.-H. Hsu, J.-Y. Ho, C.-W. Lin, C.-Y. Chu, C.C. Kandaswami, M.-T. Lee, C.-H. Cheng

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Flavonoids luteolin and quercetin can inhibit growth and metastasis of cancer cells. In our previous report, luteolin and quercetin was shown to block Akt/mTOR/c-Myc signaling. Here, we found luteolin and quercetin reduced protein level and transactivation activity of RPS19 in A431-III cells, which is isolated from parental A431 (A431-P) cell line. Further investigation the inhibitory mechanism of luteolin and quercetin on RPS19, we found c-Myc binding sites on RPS19 promoter. The Akt inhibitor LY294002, mTOR inhibitor rapamycin and c-Myc inhibitor 10058-F4 significantly suppressed RPS19 expression and transactivation activities. Overexpression and knockdown of c-Myc in cancer cells show RPS19 expression was …

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Production Of Functional Peptides With Inhibition Ability Against Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Using P. Pastoris Expression System, H.-M. Tai, C.-C. Li, C.-Y. Hung, L.-J. Yin Jul 2020

Production Of Functional Peptides With Inhibition Ability Against Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Using P. Pastoris Expression System, H.-M. Tai, C.-C. Li, C.-Y. Hung, L.-J. Yin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

To obtain the angiotension-I converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), a fusion ACEI polypeptide encoded with 8 DNA sequences of GPL, GPM, IKW, IVY, IRPVQ, IWHHT, IYPRY and IAPG, which were selected and designed and cloned into pGAPZαC and then transformed into Pichia pastoris SMD1168H. After 3 days induction, the fraction with highest ACEI activity was expressed and purified using a Ni Sepharose™ 6 Fast Flow. The IC50 of recombinant ACEI polypeptide was 88.2 μM. A 128-fold increase of ACEI activity (0.69 μM) was obtained after pepsin digestion, which was equivalent to 0.022 μM of captopril. Reverse phase HPLC indicated all the …

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Comprehensive Quality Evaluation And Comparison Of Angelica Sinensis Radix And Angelica Acutiloba Radix By Integrated Metabolomics And Glycomics, S.-S. Zhou, J. Xu, C.-K. Tsang, K.-M. Yip, W.-P. Yeung, Z.-Z. Zhao, S. Zhu, H. Fushimi, H.-Y. Chang, H.-B. Chen Jul 2020

Comprehensive Quality Evaluation And Comparison Of Angelica Sinensis Radix And Angelica Acutiloba Radix By Integrated Metabolomics And Glycomics, S.-S. Zhou, J. Xu, C.-K. Tsang, K.-M. Yip, W.-P. Yeung, Z.-Z. Zhao, S. Zhu, H. Fushimi, H.-Y. Chang, H.-B. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Angelica radix (Danggui in Chinese) used in China and Japan is derived from two species of Angelica, namely Angelica sinensis and Angelica acutiloba, respectively. The differences in quality between A. sinensis radix (ASR) and A. acutiloba radix (AAR) should be therefore investigated to guide the medicinal and dietary applications of these two species. Secondary metabolites and carbohydrates have been demonstrated to be the two major kinds of bioactive components of Danggui. However, previously, quality comparison between ASR and AAR intensively concerned secondary metabolites but largely overlooked carbohydrates, thus failing to include or take into consideration an important aspect of the …

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Benefaction Of Probiotics For Human Health: A Review, Kerry R. George, J.K. Patra, S. Gouda, Y. Park, H.-S. Shin, G. Das Jul 2020

Benefaction Of Probiotics For Human Health: A Review, Kerry R. George, J.K. Patra, S. Gouda, Y. Park, H.-S. Shin, G. Das

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Humans are a unique reservoir of heterogeneous and vivacious group of microbes, which together forms the human-microbiome superorganism. Human gut serves as a home to over 100–1000 microbial species, which primarily modulate the host internal environment and thereby, play a major role in host health. This spectacular symbiotic relationship has attracted extensive research in this field. More specifically, these organisms play key roles in defense function, eupepsia along with catabolism and anabolism, and impact brain-gut responses. The emergence of microbiota with resistance and tolerance to existing conventional drugs and antibiotics has decreased the drug efficacies. Furthermore, the modern biotechnology mediated …

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Tetrahydrocurcumin Ameliorates Free Fatty Acid-Induced Hepatic Steatosis And Improves Insulin Resistance In Hepg2 Cells, J.-W. Chen, Z.-L. Kong, M.-L. Tsai, C.-Y. Lo, C.-T. Ho, C.-S. Lai Jul 2020

Tetrahydrocurcumin Ameliorates Free Fatty Acid-Induced Hepatic Steatosis And Improves Insulin Resistance In Hepg2 Cells, J.-W. Chen, Z.-L. Kong, M.-L. Tsai, C.-Y. Lo, C.-T. Ho, C.-S. Lai

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Elevated levels of free fatty acids (FFAs) in the liver, resulting from either increased lipolysis or imbalanced FFAs flux, is a key pathogenic factor of hepatic steatosis. This study was conducted to examine the therapeutic effect of tetrahydrocurcumin (THC), a naturally occurring curcuminoid and a metabolite of curcumin, on oleic acid (OA)-induced steatosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells and to elucidate the underlying mechanism. HepG2 cells were incubated with OA to induce steatosis, and then treated with various concentrations of THC. The results showed that THC treatment significantly decreased lipid accumulation in OA-treated HepG2 cells, possibly, by inhibiting the expression …

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Pyrrole-Protein Adducts – A Biomarker Of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid-Induced Hepatotoxicity, J. Ma, Q. Xia, P.P. Fu, G. Lin Jul 2020

Pyrrole-Protein Adducts – A Biomarker Of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid-Induced Hepatotoxicity, J. Ma, Q. Xia, P.P. Fu, G. Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are phytotoxins identified in over 6000 plant species worldwide. Approximately 600 toxic PAs and PA N-oxides have been identified in about 3% flowering plants. PAs can cause toxicities in different organs particularly in the liver. The metabolic activation of PAs is catalyzed by hepatic cytochrome P450 and generates reactive pyrrolic metabolites that bind to cellular proteins to form pyrrole-protein adducts leading to PA-induced hepatotoxicity. The mechanisms that pyrrole-protein adducts induce toxicities have not been fully characterized. Methods for qualitative and quantitative detection of pyrrole-protein adducts have been developed and applied for the clinical diagnosis of PA exposure …

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