Food Science Commons^™

Research Progress Of Plant Exosome-Like Nanoparticles On Characteristics, Components And Functions, Chen Chunping, Xu Hongyan, Liu Shuaichen, Tian Yuxin, Wang Yuchen

Food and Machinery

Exosome-like nanoparticles （ELNs） are nano-sized extracellular vesicles enclosed by lipid bilayer membrane and secreted by cells; And carrying a variety of cargo, including lipids, proteins, miRNAs and secondary metabolites. Plant ELNs have received widespread attention due to their unique structure and excellent physiological activity. This review summarizes the isolation methods, characteristics, components and functions of plant ELNs, focusing on the application of multi-omics technologies in plant ELNs. In addition, some suggestions for further study of plant ELNs were put forward.

Optimization Of The Extraction Process And Molecular Mechanism Of Inhibition On Tyrosinase Of Kojic Acid, Fang Jingjie, Chen Jian, Chen Yajuan, Liang Ying

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to develop new, efficient, safe and precise tyrosinase inhibitors. Methods: The orthogonal test was used to optimize the extraction conditions of kojic acid. The inhibitory effect of kojic acid on tyrosinase was studied by enzyme kinetics, and the mechanism of its interaction with tyrosinase from different sources was analyzed by molecular docking technology. Results: The optimum process conditions for extracting kojic acid were as follows: activated carbon content of 5%, decolorization temperature of 75 ℃, pH 2.0, decolorization time of 50 min, and the purity of kojic acid was 97.85%. the IC₅₀ of kojic acid …

Rapid Detection Of Methyl Parathion By Electrochemical Biosensor Based On Rgo-Aunps Modified Screen Printing Electrode, Geng Junhao, Li Xuezhi, Zhou Jianping, Chen Changhua

Food and Machinery

Objective: In order to achieve rapid detection of methyl parathion. Methods: An acetylcholinesterase sensor was prepared based on gold nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide for quantitative detection of Methyl parathion. Reduced graphene oxide, gold nanoparticles and acetylcholinesterase were successively modified on the surface of the screen printing electrode by layer-by-layer assembly method. The catalytic activity and impedance characteristics of the sensor, the relationship between the sensor's inhibition rate and MP concentration, and the actual sample detection were evaluated. Results: The prepared acetylcholinesterase biosensors showed excellent affinity for acetylthiocholine chloride with the Michaelis-Menten constant of 2.76 mmol/L. Under the optimal conditions, …

Determination Of Chlorantraniliprole And Penoxsulam Residues In Rice By Quechers-Uplc-Ms/Ms, Huang Zijie, Huang Pengmian, Luo Kuanneng, Xiang Zhongping, Zhang Honggang

Food and Machinery

Objective: To establish a new QuEChERS-ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the detection of chlorantraniliprole and penoxsulam residues in rice. Methods: After the sample was extracted with 0.2% formic acid-acetonitrile, purified with N-propylethylenediamine (PSA) and graphitized carbon black (GCB) packing, 0.2% formic acid water and acetonitrile were used as mobile phases for gradient elution, and then subjected to C₁₈ chromatography. UPLC-MS/MS was used to column separation and determination. Results: The limits of quantification (LOQ) of chlorantraniliprole and penoxsulam were both 0.004 mg/kg, and the method detection limits (LOD) were both 0.001 mg/kg. Chlorantraniliprole and penoxsulam had …

Fruit Variety And Freshness Recognition Method Based On Yolo-Ffd, Yan Zi, Chen Liangyan, Liu Weihua, Lai Huaqing, Ye Sheng

Food and Machinery

Objective: In order to improve the situation that existing fruit recognition and classification methods rely on manual operation and complex equipment. Methods: A lightweight model YOLO-FFD (YOLO with fruit and freshen detection) was proposed, which based on the YOLOv5 framework. Firstly, LightweightC3 was designed as the basic unit of the backbone feature extraction network based on the depth separable convolution and GELU activation function, which reduced the number of model parameters and computation, and speeds up the convergence of the model. Secondly, EnhancedC3, a large kernel depth separable convolution module, was used to improve the neck of the original model, …

Compression Characteristics And Damage Mechanism Of Rose Orange, Lu Siyu, Luo Qiang, Lai Yushu, Xia Qiming

Food and Machinery

Objective: Reduced the damage of rose orange in the process of packaging and transportation, and provided a theoretical basis for postharvest storage and spectral quality testing. Methods: According to the basic geometric data of rose orange and the maximum compression force and puncture force obtained from TPA test and puncture test, the finite element model was constructed to simulate the compression of rose orange. Results: The diameter of rose orange ranged from 58.2 mm to 78.6 mm, the average weight was 169.746 g, the average thickness of peel at the equator was 3.1 mm, the maximum puncture force was 6.26 …

Preparation, Structural Characteristics And Antioxidant Activity Of Cardamine Violifolia Oligopeptides, Wen Xiaolong, Xiang Jiqian, Zhang Liang, Li Yajie, Long Lan

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to prepare oligopeptidess of Camelina violifolia and expand its application range. Methods: C. violifolia protein was hydrolyzed by alkaline protease, and then used ultrafiltration membrane for isolating and concentrating, and obtained oligopeptides by freeze-drying. The structure and antioxidant activity of C. violifolia oligopeptides were analyzed. Results: The optimum conditions for the hydrolysis of C.violifolia protein were as follows: hydrolysis temperature 50 ℃, pH 10, enzyme dosage 4%, substrate concentration 2%, and hydrolysis degree 17.9%. The C. violifolia oligopeptides contents of protein and polypeptide were 49.01% and 42.87%, respectively. The oligopeptides had a strong absorption band at …

Review Of Caenorhabditis Elegans In Food Nutritional Function Evaluation, Chen Wang, He Hailun, Zheng Yanjun, Yi Cuiping

Food and Machinery

As an ideal model organism, Caenorhabditis elegans has been increasingly used in the evaluation of the nutritional function of food. Compared with other models such as cells and mice, C. elegans have the advantages of small size, short lifespan, high genetic homology with humans, easy observation of research results, and large batch culture in the laboratory. Therefore, the article summarizes the research methods, potential mechanisms and research progress of C. elegans in food nutritional function such as anti-obesity, antioxidant and anti-aging. In order to provide a reference for new methods in the evaluation of food nutrition function.

Research Progress On Polyphenols In Chestnut Rose Fruit, Yin Yanyan, Zhang Jian, Lu Lunwei, Li Lulu, Zhang Deqin

Food and Machinery

Chestnut rose fruit, known as "Three King fruits", has high edible value and medicinal value. Polyphenols are the second major functional component of chestnut rose fruit with pharmacological and health functions such as antioxidant, regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, anti-inflammatory and bacteriostatic, antialcoholism and liver protection, and have great potential for food development. This review summarized the research progress of the classification, extraction, qualitative and quantitative analysis, and bioactivity of chestnut rose fruit polyphenols in recent years and prospected the future development direction.

Simulation Analysis Of The Influencing Parameters On The Shelling Efficiency Of Rubber Roller Husker Based On Adams, Wang Zixiao, Wang Wangping, Song Shaoyun

Food and Machinery

Objective: Improve the hulling efficiency of the rice huller. Methods: Simulated the process of rice hulling, and analyzed the influence of various parameters on the hulling process by changing the movement speed of the rubber roller and the line speed difference. Firstly, the model of huller and the model of single-sided shelled brown rice were established in SolidWorks, and then the established model was imported into ADAMS for simulation, and the effects of the corresponding factors on the hulling efficiency of huller were observed by changing the rotational speeds of the fast and slow rollers, the difference in line speeds …

Growing South Dakota (Winter 2024), College Of Agriculture, Food And Environmental Sciences

Growing South Dakota (Publication of the College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences)

[Page] 3 Continuing a Leadership Journey
[Page] 5 CAFES Leadership Team Grows
[Page] 7 Award-Winning Faculty & Staff
[Page] 9 New Endowment Holders Recognized
[Page] 10 Inaugural Precision Livestock Field School Offered at SDSU Cottonwood Field Station
[Page] 11 SDSU Celebrates Professional Program in Veterinary Medicine Students [Page] 13 Clay Carlson, SDSU Meat Science Graduate Student Approaches School and Life with Winning Mindset
[Page] 15 SDSU Alumni has been selected as the Head Coach of the South Dakota State University Livestock Judging Team
[Page] 16 Livestock Units Promote Hands-On Learning & Premier Research
[Page] 20 SDSU leads NSF-backed fertilizer development …

Letter From The Faculty Editor, Beth Kegley

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Understanding The Impact Of Food Insecurity Among First-Generation College Students On The University Of Arkansas Campus, Madison Price, Jennie S. Popp Ph.D., Nathan Paul Kemper, Louise Michelle Hancox

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

The purpose of this study was to: 1) better understand food insecurity among first-generation college students and how it might differ from that of other college students, and 2) gather opinions from students that may serve as solutions to alleviate food insecurity. This study was conducted with a mixed-methods survey that included both open-ended and closed-ended questions. This survey had 670 responses. Nearly 10% of respondents stated that they were experiencing food insecurity. Almost 18% stated they were first-generation college students. A greater percentage of African American (P = 0.0022) and Hispanic Latino (P < 0.0001) students were first-generation compared to all other students, while a lower percentage (P < 0.0001) of Caucasian students were first-generation compared to other students. The results suggested that first-generation students were more likely to experience nine food insecurity impacts than non first-generation students. Further, both first-generation and non first-generation students indicated low levels of knowledge and/or use of existing resources on the University of Arkansas campus that can help address food insecurity needs. Finally, both first-generation and non first-generation respondents overwhelmingly favored food insecurity solutions centered around expanding access to campus food programs through lower costs and increased awareness of existing campus resources via improved advertising.

Stream Restoration Effectiveness In Mullins Creek In Fayetteville, Arkansas, Amadeo Scott, Shannon Speir

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Lotic waterways are vital for habitat, food, water, and flood protection, but urbanization poses a major threat to their integrity. Runoff from urban surfaces leads to pollution, flashiness, loss of biodiversity, and other symptoms, also known as Urban Stream Syndrome (USS). Streams can be restored in order to combat USS, but most restorations are not monitored, so their long-term effectiveness is unknown. This study quantitatively evaluated a decade-old stream restoration in Fayetteville, Arkansas, to assess its effectiveness in combating USS and achieving set restoration goals, and to gain insights for future restoration projects. Restoration goals included decreasing erosion and sedimentation, …

Evaluating Efficiency And Accuracy Of Three Texture Analysis Methods For Blackberry Fruit, Rhys M. Brock, Carmen Johns, Katelyn Lust-Moore, Margaret Worthington

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

A major objective of the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture (UADA) Fruit Breeding program is to improve the texture of blackberry (Rubus subgenus Rubus Watson). Blackberry varieties with improved fruit firmness transport and store well and may maintain superior quality under challenging postharvest conditions than softer varieties. Increased firmness may also make cultivars less susceptible to red drupelet reversion (RDR), a postharvest disorder of blackberries in which fully black drupelets revert to red after harvest. This research project aims to assess the efficiency and accuracy of three methods applied in evaluating blackberry firmness. The study compares instrumental analysis …

Feeding Systems And Fresh Lamb Color Stability, Koushik Mondal

Theses and Dissertations--Animal and Food Sciences

Consumers consider the surface color of fresh lamb as the indicator of freshness and wholesomeness, which affects their purchase decisions. The redox chemistry of myoglobin (Mb) determines the color of fresh lamb. Artificial raising on milk replacer (a pre-weaning strategy) as well as red clover supplementation are management strategies used in lamb production. This thesis focuses on the effects of artificial raising on milk replacer and red clover supplementation on the color and oxidative stability of fresh lamb.

In the first experiment, the effect of pre-weaning with milk replacer on the carcass attributes, color stability and lipid oxidation of lamb …

Advancing Sustainable Malting Practices: Aquaporins As Potential Breeding Targets For Improved Water Uptake During Controlled Germination Of Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.), Clare E. O’Lone, Angéla Juhász, Mitchell Nye-Wood, David Moody, Hugh Dunn, Jean P. Ral, Michelle L. Colgrave

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The conversion of raw barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to malt requires a process of controlled germination, where the grain is submerged in water to raise the moisture content to > 40%. The transmembrane proteins, aquaporins, influence water uptake during the initial stage of controlled germination, yet little is known of their involvement in malting. With the current focus on sustainability, understanding the mechanisms of water uptake and usage during the initial stages of malting has become vital in improving efficient malting practices. In this study, we used quantitative proteomics analysis of two malting barley genotypes demonstrating differing water-uptake phenotypes in the …

Melatonin Application Suppresses Oxidative Stress And Maintains Fruit Quality Of Cold Stored ‘Esperanza’ Raspberries By Regulating Antioxidant System, Hafiz M. S. Shah, Zora Singh, Mahmood Ul Hasan, Jashanpreet Kaur, Eben Afrifa-Yamoah, Andrew Woodward

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Raspberries are highly perishable and have a short storage life. To extend its storage life, we evaluated the impact of preharvest melatonin (MEL) application (0, 50, 100, 200 mol L−1), three days before harvest, on the activities of oxidative and antioxidative enzymes and quality attributes in ‘Esperanza’ raspberries up to 10 d cold storage. The 200 mol L−1 MEL-treated raspberries exhibited a significant reduction in disease incidence while maintaining higher marketable fruit and activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase as compared to control. Additionally, it reduced activities of polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase and …

Water Loss: A Postharvest Quality Marker In Apple Storage, Mahmood Ul Hasan, Zora Singh, Hafiz M. S. Shah, Jashanpreet Kaur, Andrew Woodward

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Apple fruit can be stored for long periods of time, especially with the use of controlled atmosphere storage, but like many fruits and vegetables are susceptible to water loss. Water loss can result in compromised appearance such as skin shriveling, as well as loss of firmness, and reduced saleable weight, which in turn affect the income of growers and other industry stakeholders. Preharvest factors that can influence water loss in apples during the postharvest period include climate, cultivar, fruit size, tree age, orchard practices, and harvest maturity. Postharvest factors such as the storage temperature, relative humidity, storage type, and duration …

Featured Faculty Mentor/Student Team, Austin Jones, Ashley Dowling, Baylie Day

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Contents, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Letter From The Dean, Jeff Edwards

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 25 2024, Several Authors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Environmental Implications Of Modern Food Production: An Analysis For The Conscious Consumer, Jessica T. Coming

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

This project explores the pathways by which agriculture affects the environment and determines which foods have the greatest climate, water, and land impacts. Agricultural effects on the environment are extensive, from loss of habitat and declines in regional biodiversity to disruption of global nutrient cycles and climate change. Global food production accounts for 26-34% of annual anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, makes up 38-46% of habitable land, and is responsible for 70% of freshwater extraction. The effect of agriculture on the environment is most significantly dictated by what type of food is being produced. Animal-based food products consistently have the highest …

Leds For Controlled Environment Agriculture: Leveraging Light To Optimize Crops, Tristan D. Sanders

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Indoor agriculture is a growing industry with many of its benefits being recognized. Light emitting diodes (LEDs) reduce production costs compared to traditional light sources. LEDs emit narrow bandwidths of light that allow growers to easily change the wavelengths plants are being grown under by using different combinations of wavelengths. Manipulating the light that plants are grown under is a method to change their physiology which is the basis of this thesis. The goal of the first two studies was to investigate how different light spectra can be used to enhance the nutrition content, growth, and morphology of kale and …

Natural And Artificial Selection Of Multiple Alleles Revealed Through Genomic Analyses, Jana Biová, Ivana Kaňovská, Yen On Chan, Manish Sridhar Immadi, Trupti Joshi, Kristin Bilyeu, Mária Škrabišová

Biomedical Sciences

Genome-to-phenome research in agriculture aims to improve crops through in silico predictions. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) is potent in identifying genomic loci that underlie important traits. As a statistical method, increasing the sample quantity, data quality, or diversity of the GWAS dataset positively impacts GWAS power. For more precise breeding, concrete candidate genes with exact functional variants must be discovered. Many post-GWAS methods have been developed to narrow down the associated genomic regions and, ideally, to predict candidate genes and causative mutations (CMs). Historical natural selection and breeding-related artificial selection both act to change the frequencies of different alleles of …

Review Of Detection Limits For Various Techniques For Bacterial Detection In Food Samples, Xinyi Zhao Nanolab Research Centre, Abhijnan Bhat, Christine O’Connor School Of Food Science And Environmental Health, James Curtin Faculty Of Engineering And Built Environment, Baljit Singh, Micra Biodiagnostics Technology Gateway And Health, Engineering & Materials Sciences (Hems) Research Hub, Furong Tian Nanolab Research Centre

Articles

Foodborne illnesses can be infectious and dangerous, and most of them are caused by bacteria. Some common food-related bacteria species exist widely in nature and pose a serious threat to both humans and animals; they can cause poisoning, diseases, disabilities and even death. Rapid, reliable and cost-effective methods for bacterial detection are of paramount importance in food safety and environmental monitoring. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFIA) and electrochemical methods have been widely used in food safety and environmental monitoring. In this paper, the recent developments (2013–2023) covering PCR, LFIA and electrochemical methods for various bacterial species …

Reducing Food Scarcity: The Benefits Of Urban Farming, S.A. Claudell, Emilio Mejia

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

Urban farming can enhance the lives of communities and help reduce food scarcity. This paper presents a conceptual prototype of an efficient urban farming community that can be scaled for a single apartment building or an entire community across all global geoeconomics regions, including densely populated cities and rural, developing towns and communities. When deployed in coordination with smart crop choices, local farm support, and efficient transportation then the result isn’t just sustainability, but also increasing fresh produce accessibility, optimizing nutritional value, eliminating the use of ‘forever chemicals’, reducing transportation costs, and fostering global environmental benefits.

Imagine Doris, who is …

A Vision For A Food-Secure Future Through Permaculture, Jim Gale

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

In response to the pressing challenges of food security, sustainability, and resilience, Food Forest Abundance, led by visionary CEO Jim Gale, emerges as a beacon for permaculture-based agriculture and community development. This editorial explores the organization's pivotal role in advocating for a future where individuals, families, and communities thrive through sustainable practices and localized food systems. Central to Food Forest Abundance mission is the conviction that permaculture principles can revolutionize our approach to food security, health, and wellness by uniting agricultural and community leaders.

The catalyst for this movement was the World Farmers Market Coalition report, revealing the tangible economic, …