Food Science Commons^™

Optimization Of Preparation Process And Preliminary Structure Characterization Of Polysaccharides From Lemon Peel With High Hypoglycemic Activity, Jiang Zhonggui, Li Di, Li Kaifeng, Ma Li, Gu Xin

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to optimize the preparation process of polysaccharides from lemon peel and screen out the components with high hypoglycemic activity. Methods: Ultrasonic assisted enzymatic extraction of lemon peel polysaccharide, combined with response surface test to explore the best extraction process, through DEAE-52 anion chromatography and Sephadex G-100 gel column chromatography separation and purification to obtain a homogeneous polysaccharide fraction (named as LPs-1a). The effective hypoglycemic components of lemon peel polysaccharides were screened by α-glucosidase and their relative molecular weight, monosaccharide composition and characteristic groups were analyzed. Results: The optimal extraction process of lemon peel polysaccharide was …

Research On Efficient Production And Quality Optimization Of Yuba Based On Soymilk Solids Concentration And Slurry Depth Control, Zhang Yan, Ren Guangyue, Duan Xu, Liu Wenchao, Wang Zhe

Food and Machinery

Objective: Determine the appropriate soymilk concentration and slurry depth to provide a theoretical reference for the efficient and high-quality production of yuba. Methods: The effect of soymilk solids concentration and slurry depth on the yield, film-forming rate, nutrient contents, mechanical properties, cooking loss rate, and rehydration ratio were investigated. Results: The optimal yield solids of yuba (34.68%) and highest nutritional value occurs when the soymilk solids concentration is 6% and the soymilk slurry depth is 6 cm, which presents 51.05% protein, 23.42% fats, and it also has good tensile strength and rehydration qualities, with respective measurements of 3.74 MPa and …

Study On Optimization Of Enzymatic Hydrolysis Technology For Mushroom Sauce, Chen Jing, Tang Haoguo, Wang Jiakang, Si Qihe, Shen Ruxiao

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to prepare a kind of mushroom paste with Lentinus edodes, Pleurotus eryngii and Agaricus bisporus as raw materials by enzymolysis with cellulase. Methods: The response surface method was used to optimize the optimal enzymatic hydrolysis process of the mushroom paste with amino acid nitrogen content as the index. Results: The optimal enzymolysis conditions were as follows: enzyme dosage 0.6%, pH 6, enzymolysis temperature 50 ℃, solid-liquid ratio 1∶30 （g/mL）. Under these conditions, the actual amino acid nitrogen content was 0.418 μg/100 g. Conclusion: The sensory evaluation and nutritional indexes of the mushroom paste are up …

Research Review On The Detection Of Bpa By Electrochemical Sensors Modified With Carbon-Based Composites, Ren Huimin, Zhang Bo, Yin Shixian, Rong Zhixing, Wang Jianhui

Food and Machinery

As one of the most widely used plasticizers, BPA is often used in various types of food packaging. However, the leaching of BPA from food and water and the emission of BPA in the manufacturing process can harm human health. In recent years, carbon-based composites have shown excellent performance in the detection of BPA due to their unique physical and chemical properties. The rapid detection of BPA by electrochemical sensors based on carbon-based composites has become a research hotspot. This article provides an overview of BPA and the application of carbon-based materials modified electrochemical sensors in the detection of BPA, …

Research Progress On Postharvest Quality Deterioration And Preservation Technology Of Blueberry, She Jiehai, Zhou Wenhua, Ma Yan, Zeng Yaoying, Yu Zhuojun, Guo Hangyu

Food and Machinery

Because of high moisture content, blueberries are susceptible to disease and insect infestation leading to corruption and deterioration, which has serious influence on the shelf life of blueberry fruits. This article summarizes the cause mechanism of postharvest quality deterioration of blueberry fruits and the research progress of blueberry preservation technology at home and abroad, mainly including physical, chemical and biological preservation methods; and emphasizes the application of biological methods in the postharvest preservation of blueberries.

Research Progress On Preparation And Characteristics Of Polysaccharide Plant Protein Complex, Zhang Di, Fu Meiling, Fei Congxuan, Li Dandan, Xiu Jianhua

Food and Machinery

Polysaccharides and proteins are two important components in food. Combining plant protein with polysaccharides can give full play to their advantages, show new functional characteristics, and improve their shortcomings. In this review, the preparation and influencing factors of polysaccharides-plant proteins complex, the functional properties of the polysaccharide-plant protein complex and its application are introduced.

Research Progress Of Nanomaterials In The Rapid Detection Of Heavy Metal Ions In Food, Wang Yiping, Su Shufang, Yuan Yalan, Mao Ning

Food and Machinery

Nanomaterials have been widely used in the detection of heavy metal ions in food due to their large specific surface area, good stability, special structure, easy modification, and good biocompatibility. This review focuses on the research and application status of nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon quantum dots, metal-organic frameworks and nanoenzymes in the detection of heavy metal ions in food. The challenges and application prospects of nanomaterials in the detection of heavy metal ions in food are also discussed.

Design And Experiment Of Dynamic Weighing Type Fruit Sorting Machine, Liu Jia, Yang Liling, Ma Wenqiang, Zhu Zhaoshuai, Shen Xiaohe

Food and Machinery

Objective: To solve the problems of low accuracy and low efficiency, high labor intensity and high production cost of fresh fruit manual sorting in China. Methods: A new dynamic weighing type fruit sorting machine was developed based on the fruit weight classification method. This machine operated by initially collecting the weight of fruit through a high-precision weighing unit. The data collected was then processed in conjunction with a signal processing module and a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). The processed data controlled an actuator, specifically a launcher, to execute the sorting based on the fruit's weight. This machine was capable of …

Preparation Of Matrix Reference Materials Of Bifenthrin And Cyhalothrin Pesticide Residues In Green Tea, Fang Haixian, Chen Xinglian, Li Xinyun, Li Jun, Pu Yali, Liu Hongcheng

Food and Machinery

Objective: The preparation method of matrix reference materials of bifenthrin and cyhalothrin pesticide residues in green tea was established. Methods: Green tea samples were sprayed with biphenylthrin and cyhalothrin. The samples were crushed, screened, homogenized and bottled. After the homogeneity and stability tests, the quantity value was determined by three laboratories, and the uncertainty was evaluated. Results: The amount values of bifenthrin and cyhalothrin in green tea were (0.185±0.019 7) and (0.207±0.046 6) mg/kg with k=2, and the confidence interval was 95%. Conclusion: The developed matrix reference materials of bifenthrin and cyhalothrin in green tea are homogeneous and stable …

Banana Ripeness Determination Based On Cnn And Xgboost, Han Xue, Zhang Lei, Zhao Yafei, Wang Cong

Food and Machinery

Objective: Improve the identification accuracy of banana ripeness. Methods: A novel method was established to identify banana ripeness based on CNN and XgBoost. Firstly, convolutional neural network was used to extract banana image features, and full-connected layer network and linear discriminant analysis were used to simplify banana image features. Then, the hyperparameters of the limit gradient lifting algorithm were optimized by Bayesian optimization algorithm. Finally, the simplified banana image features were input into the limit gradient lifting algorithm, and the banana ripeness was judged by the limit gradient lifting algorithm. Results: The identification accuracy of the method for banana ripeness …

On-Farm Hog Processing Demonstration For Teenage Exhibitors: Blending Academic, Laboratory, And Farm-Based Learning, Katherine A. Wells, Chris L. Bruynis, Lyda G. Garcia

Journal of Extension

COVID-19 challenges induced a U.S. meatpacking industry bottleneck. [University] Extension identified the need and responded by creating a three-step hands-on training for teenage junior fair exhibitors. [University] Extension Meat Scientist and graduate students assisted in demonstrating an on-farm hog harvest and processing event in collaboration with a local Extension office for 4-H and FFA teenagers. To add a practical perspective, a local hog-producing and harvesting family was asked to assist with the event. An online post-survey reflected 90-100% gains in five educational areas and 100% said they would a similar event in the future and recommend it to a friend.

Agroecology And Soil Stewardship: Values And Techniques Of Smallholder Farmers In Bernalillo County, Stephanie Olivas

Geography ETDs

Agrarian movements around the world use agroecology to build sovereignty and steward dynamic ecosystems. Research has shown that agroecological farmers steward more resilient crops, more resilient soil biomes, and greater biodiversity than conventional agriculture. GIS and remote sensing offer many tools to detect the impacts of these farmers on the environment, but it is less clear how such technologies fit into agroecological goals. This study asks: what values, experiences and knowledge do smallholder producers in Bernalillo County embody in their soil stewardship practices? Also, what experience or knowledge do smallholder producers in Bernalillo County have about remote sensing, and would …

Application Of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy And Chemometrics For The Rapid Detection Of Insect Protein Adulteration From A Simulated Matrix, Dongdong Ni, Joost L. D. Nelis, Amanda L. Dawson, Nicholas Bourne, Pablo Juliano, Michelle L. Colgrave, Angéla Juhász, Utpal Bose

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The popularity of insect protein as a food and feed supplement is growing. Protein quality, end use and prices vary considerably between different insect species, which may incentivise insect protein adulteration. Here, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and chemometrics were used to detect the presence of cricket, black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) and mealworm proteins in a simulated complex insect protein mixture. Additionally, BSFL protein powders collected from three commercial sources were investigated to determine whether the NIR-based technology can discriminate the proteins obtained from different companies based on their composition. The proximate analysis suggests compositional protein, fat and chitin differences between …

Moisture Sorption And Quality Characteristics Of Instant Rice, Anna Mays, Griffiths Atungulu

Food Science Undergraduate Honors Theses

Market demand for instant rice--a processed form of rice that is cooked and dehydrated before it is sold--has risen tremendously and become a significant component of the rice industry. Compared to freshly cooked rice, the quality of instant rice (in terms of texture, color, aroma, etc.) is much lower. There exists little information regarding how instant rice’s storage conditions affect its quality. Such information may be elucidated by studying sorption isotherms which describe the storage temperature, relative humidity, and instant rice moisture relationships.

The purpose of this study was to generate moisture sorption isotherms of instant rice for temperatures and …

Assessing Health Implications Of Monarch Butterfly Populations And Behaviors, Kira Goldman, Kelsey E. Fisher Dr.

Honors Scholar Theses

Pollinator populations have seen massive declines over the past decade due to anthropogenic activity and climate change posing serious threats to the health of humans and ecosystems (Ulyshen & Horn, 2023). As agents responsible for the production of about 35% of micronutrient rich food crops necessary for adequate nutrition to lead healthful lives and prevent nutrition associated diseases, pollinator decline is a public health concern (Aizen et al., 2009). Monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus) serve as bio indicators for the health of pollinator populations because of their analogous habitat and food resources shared with many other pollinator species, including bees and …

Effects Of Limited Enzymolysis And Glycosylation On Emulsifying Properties Of Soybean Protein Isolates, Li Lin, Sun Yixi, Qin Wen, Zhang Qing

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to develop novel soybean protein isolate （SPI）-based emulsifiers. Methods: The structure of SPI was modified by limited enzymolysis combined with glycosylation and the effects of this synergistic modification on the emulsification characteristics of SPI was studied. Results: Among the different components obtained from the SPI hydrolysate （SPIH）, the high molecular mass component （F30） exhibited the best emulsifying property. The emulsifying stability of F30-dextran conjugates obtained for 4 h was the best. Compared with SPI, SPIH and F30, the F30-dextran conjugates stabilized emulsions showed the lowest initial average particle size and the best storage stability. When the …

Study On The Degradation Of T-2 Toxin In Beer By Glow Discharge Plasma, Wang Xiaobo, Liu Jiannan, Zheng Lin, Chen Bingbing, Feng Zejun, Deng Qi

Food and Machinery

Objective: Exploring the optimal process for the degradation of T-2 toxin in beer by glow discharge plasma（GDP） and its impact on the physicochemical indicators of beer. Methods: Based on single-factor experiments, a response surface optimization experiment with four factors and three levels was conducted using the Box Behnken method to determine the optimal degradation conditions for T-2 toxin in beer. Results: When the discharge voltage was 570 V, the action time was 18 minutes, the discharge current was 99 mA, and initial concentration of T-2 toxin was 8.5 μg/mL. Under the control of these conditions, the degradation efficiency of the …

Genistein Adsorption Performance And Mechanism By Metal-Organic Frameworks Based On Triangular Aromatic Ligands, Yang Xiangyi, Cheng Yunhui, Yao Li, Xu Zhou, Xing Keyu

Food and Machinery

Objective： To improve the adsorption of genistein by zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks （MOFs） with triangle aromatic ligands. Methods： Two MOFs （MOF-808 and PCN-777） containing different sizes of triangle aromatic ligands were synthesized by hydrothermal method for adsorption of genistein. The synthesis of MOFs was determined by a series of characterization methods, and the adsorption performance was compared with that of a linear binary carboxylic acid ligand-constructed MOF （UiO-66）, to evaluate the effects of pore characteristics, hydrophobicity changes, and other factors on the adsorption performance, and to explore the adsorption mechanism by XPS analysis. Results： Compared with linear ligand-constructed UiO-66, the pore …

Effects Of Silymarin On S. Aureus Atcc25923 Biofilm And Its Virulence Factors, Wang Jiakang, Tang Haoguo, Chen Jing, Si Qihe, Shen Ruxiao

Food and Machinery

Objective: In this study, the effects of silymarin on the biofilm S. aureus ATCC25923 and its virulence factors were investigated. Methods: The inhibition and clearance of silymarin on S. aureus ATCC25923 biofilm formation were detected by crystal violet staining, the effects of silymarin on its biofilm metabolism were investigated by MTT staining, and the effects of silymarin on its coagulase expression and hemolytic activity were investigated by freeze-dried plasma and aseptic defibrinated sheep blood. In parallel, the effects of different concentrations of silymarin on its biofilm and Fourier transform were observed under an optical microscope. Results: The results showed that …

Screening And Enzymatic Characterization Study Of High-Yield Pprotease-Producing Bacterial Strains Derived From Shiping Stinky Tofu, Liu Chao, Zhao Liangzhong, Wang Yaoqiong, Li Ming, Feng Xuzhong

Food and Machinery

Objective: Obtaining hhigh-yield pprotease-pproducing bacterial resources through fermentation of advantageous protease-producing strains derived from Shiping stinky tofu. Methods: Single-factor and response surface experiments were used to optimize the culture medium and fermentation conditions. Using casein as the substrate, the effects of temperature, pH, metal ions and organic reagent on the protease activity and stability of strain JX-11 were investigated using enzymology techniques. Results: One strain of high-producing proteinase-secreting bacteria, JX-11, was isolated from Shiping stinky tofu, identified as Chryseobacterium pennipullorum. The optimal conditions for protease production by JX-11 strain were found to be temperature at 23.0 ℃, glucose content …

Potential Molecular Mechanism Of Celery Seed In Gout Treatment Of Network Pharmacology With Molecular Docking, Li Meijuan, Zhang Jun, Zhang Yunshu, Li Qianwei, Zhang Na, Liu Mengjiao, Zhang Renping

Food and Machinery

Objective: To study the molecular mechanism of celery seed inhibiting or treating gout by using network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods: TCMSP database and the network maps were constructed with Cytoscape3.9.0 software. Gout-related targets were collected in GeneCard database and OMIM database, crossed with the main component targets of celery seed and imported into STRING database for protein-protein interaction （protein-protein interaction, PPI） analysis, core targets were obtained, core targets were introduced into DAVID, and GO function enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment were performed in the database. Finally, AutoDock software was used to verify the key components with key targets. Results: …

Papaya Maturity Detection Based On Multi-Target Sampling And Improved Mask R-Cnn, Qi Guohong, Zhang Yunlong, Su Man

Food and Machinery

Objective: Improve the accuracy and robustness of papaya ripeness detection. Methods: A method of papaya ripeness detection based on multi-target sampling and improved Mask R-CNN was proposed. In the process of data expansion, the method introduced multi-object sampling technology to generate enhanced images from small data sets taken under controlled conditions, which was conducive to extending the proposed method to data sets with complex features of actual papaya images. The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method were verified by means of average accuracy, accuracy, accuracy-recall curve and calculation time, and the results of papaya ripeness detection effect were compared …

Detection And Enrichment Characteristics Analysis Of Common Heavy Metal Content In Different Organs Of Hunan Lotus Seed, Dai Hui, Zhao Wenyu, Wang Jianhui, He Xiangyi, Long Xiao

Food and Machinery

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the heavy metal content in sediment and various organs of Hunan lotus seed in a planting area, as well as to explore the characteristics of heavy metal accumulation and transfer in Hunan lotus seed. Methods: A typical planting area in Hunan Province was selected for this research. The contents of Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn and Mn were measured using an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer. The bioconcentration factor （BCF） and transfer factor （TF） were used to evaluate the heavy metal accumulation and transfer ability of Hunan lotus seed. Results: …

Uncertainty Evaluation For The Determination Of Four Quinolone Residues In Honey By Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Yang Yun, Cao Yang, Li Jing, Zhong Feifei, Zuo He

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the determination uncertainty of four quinolones residues in honey by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （LC-MS/MS）. Methods: Based on GB 31657.2—2021, a mathematical model for sources of uncertainty evaluation was established. The uncertainty of each variable which affect the result were calculated and the weight of each uncertainty component was assessed. Results: The uncertainties in the determination of enrofloxacin, sarafloxacin, ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in honey were （4.97±0.81）, （10.13±1.58）, （7.67±1.23）, （14.97±2.25） μg/kg （P=95%，k=2） respectively. Conclusion: The main influencing factors of the determination uncertainty were preparation and dilution process of standard solution and …

Determination Of 7 Synthetic Colorants In Freshly Prepared Beverages By High Performance Liquid Chromatography Dual Wavelength Method With Automatic Solid Phase Extraction, Yao Yuyang, Xu Man, Pan Chunyan, Miao Xiong, Xue Qiang

Food and Machinery

Objective: A method for the determination of 7 synthetic colorants in freshly prepared beverages by high performance liquid chromatography dual （HPLC） wavelength method with automatic solid phase extraction was established. Methods: Extraction conditions: The sample was extracted 2 times with pure water, and then the supernatant combined after centrifugation. The pH of the supernatant was adjusted to 3~4. After activation by an automatic solid-phase extraction device, loading, rinsing, and elution of the sample were carried out on the Poly-sery synthetic colorant solid-phase extraction column. The eluent was concentrated to 200 μL by nitrogen blowing, and then fixed to 1.0 mL …

Determination The Residues Of Matrine And Oxymatrine In Liupao Tea By Uplc-Ms/Ms With Isotope Internal Standard Method, Shi Jine, Zhang Hongyu, Xin Ruozhu, Ding Mei, Xi Guangsheng

Food and Machinery

Objective: Taking Guangxi Liupao tea as an example, an UPLC-MS/MS analysis method with residual amounts of matrine and Oxymatrine was established. Methods: The prepared samples were subjected to optimized acetonitrile aqueous solution （80% acetonitrile+0.2% ammonia water） ultrasonic extraction, mobile phase: formic acid water and formic acid methanol （both 0.1%）, gradient elution, and internal standard method quantification. Results: It was linear in the range of 0.1～80.0 ng/mL, r was greater than 0.999 6, the detection limits of matrine and oxymatrine were 1.0 μg/kg, and the quantitative limits were 3.0 μg/kg, which met the regulatory determination requirements for the residue of matrine …

Analysis Of Uncertainty In Determination Of Folic Acid In Milk Powder By Microplate Method, Liu Ziyin, Zhuo Yiming, Liu Lalan, Peng Na, Wu Houlu

Food and Machinery

Objective: To analyze and evaluate the uncertainty of the determination of folic acid content in milk powder by microplate method. Methods: The content of folic acid in infant formula milk powder was determined by microplate method according to GB 5009.211—2022 "National Standard for Food Safety-Determination of Folic Acid in Foods". Various experimental factors affecting the test results were analyzed and calculated according to the uncertainty evaluation methods and guidelines such as JJF 1059.1—2012, CNAS-CL01-G003:2011 and CNAS-GL05:2011, and the synthetic standard uncertainty and expanded uncertainty were obtained. Results: The expanded uncertainty U₉₅=22.08 μg/100 g（k=2）, and the folate …

Study On The Performance Of Heat Pump Assisted Random Filler Surface Evaporation Device For Concentrated Thermosensitive Feed Liquid, Ma Yinglu, Chen Dong, Hu Shengwei, Wang Shuo, Zhang Huijuan, Xie Jihong

Food and Machinery

Objective： A surface evaporation concentration device were designed to concentrate thermosensitive feed liquid at low temperature under normal pressure with low energy consumption. Methods： Based on an introduction to the working principle of the device, the basic equations of the device were given. The changes of volumetric evaporation flux and energy saving ratio with flow rate of the feed liquid, feed liquid temperature, sweeping gas flow rate, sweeping gas temperature were calculated and analyzed. Designed an experimental platform and obtained a set of optimal performance parameters through experiments. Results： The results showed that when the flow rate of the feed …

Research On The Tooth Roll Power Of Roller Mill Based On Discrete Element, Zhao Qifeng, Wu Wenbin, Wang Xuefeng, Jia Huapo

Food and Machinery

Objective: To optimize the operating parameters of wheat milling in roller mill I skin mill to reduce the energy consumption of milling. Methods: Using EDEM discrete element simulation software, Box-Behnken test was designed for key milling factors such as roll pitch, feeding amount, rotational speed and rotational speed ratio to investigate the relationship between operating parameters and milling power. Results: The significance rankings of the effects on the toothed roll crushing power were, in order, speed ratio, roll pitch, feed volume, speed ratio quadratic term, roll pitch quadratic term, interaction of roll pitch and speed ratio, interaction of feed volume …

Robot's Automatic Strategy For Fermented Grains Scooping Based On Machine Vision, Tian Huairui, Tian Jianyan, Wang Sugang, Wang Xiaobo

Food and Machinery

Objective: To solve the problems of low level of automation and high labor intensity of workers in the fermented grains discharging process of solid-state fermentation in the ground-pot. Methods: An automatic fermented grains scooping strategy for the compound robot for fermented grains scooping was proposed. Based on the pre-processing of the ground-pot image and the reconstruction of the point cloud inside the inner edge, the point cloud segmentation algorithm was used to extract the point cloud of fermented grains. The scooping plane was constructed. The safe working distance for scooping was solved. Preset scooping points were set. Afterwards, the scooping …