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Articles 121 - 143 of 143
Full-Text Articles in Entomology
Kairomonal Effect Of Walking Traces From Euschistus Heros (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) On Two Strains Of Telenomus Podisi (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), Miguel Borges, Stefano Colazza, Pamela Ramirez-Lucas, Kamlesh R. Chauhan, Maria Carolina Blassioli Moraes, Jeffrey Richard Aldrich
Kairomonal Effect Of Walking Traces From Euschistus Heros (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) On Two Strains Of Telenomus Podisi (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), Miguel Borges, Stefano Colazza, Pamela Ramirez-Lucas, Kamlesh R. Chauhan, Maria Carolina Blassioli Moraes, Jeffrey Richard Aldrich
Entomology Papers from Other Sources
The semiochemical cues used by geographically isolated strains of the parasitoid, Telenomus podisi (Ashmed), to find eggs of the stink bug Euschistus heros were investigated.
Olfactory Responses Of Cotesia Flavipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) To Target And Non-Target Lepidoptera And Their Host Plants, Bekele Jembere, Adele J. Ngi-Song, W. Overholt
Olfactory Responses Of Cotesia Flavipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) To Target And Non-Target Lepidoptera And Their Host Plants, Bekele Jembere, Adele J. Ngi-Song, W. Overholt
All Peer-Reviewed Publications
The attraction of Cotesia flavipes Cameron to volatiles from a range of non-target lepidopteran larvae and their host plants (grasses and trees) or food substrate (honeycomb) was evaluated using a Y-tube olfactometer. The non-target host larvae used in the study included Galleria mellonella (L.), Charaxes cithaeron Felder, Bombyx mori L., and Eldana saccharina Walker. The target insects, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) and Chilo orichalcociliellus (Strand), were used as controls. Host plants included Afzelia quanzensis Welw., Morus alba L., Cyperus papyrus L., Pennisetum purpureum Schumach, and Zea mays L. The response of C. flavipes to volatiles from the non-target larvae and their …
Functional Response Of Orius Albidipennis (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) To Megalurothrips Sjostedti (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), Linus M. Gitonga, W. A. Overholt, B. Löhr, J. K. Magambo, J. M. Mueke
Functional Response Of Orius Albidipennis (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) To Megalurothrips Sjostedti (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), Linus M. Gitonga, W. A. Overholt, B. Löhr, J. K. Magambo, J. M. Mueke
All Peer-Reviewed Publications
A locally available anthocorid predator, Orius albidipennis Reuter, was evaluated as a candidate biocontrol agent for Megalurothrips sjostedti Trybom, a major pest of French beans, Phaseolus vulgaris (L), in Kenya. The functional response of adult O. albidipennis to larval and adult M. sjostedti was studied at 15, 25, and 28°C and densities of 5, 10, 20, and 30 larval and adult M. sjostedti per cage, over 24 h. More larvae and adult M. sjostedti were killed at the higher densities and with an increase in temperature. The data provided good fit to both type I and II functional response models. …
Screening And Characterization Of Pathogenic Fungi For Possible Control Of Coptotermes Formosanus, Jianzhong Sun
Screening And Characterization Of Pathogenic Fungi For Possible Control Of Coptotermes Formosanus, Jianzhong Sun
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Coptotermes formosanus was used as “bait” to isolate pathogenic fungi from soil. Fifteen pathogenic fungal isolates were obtained, all either Metarhizium anisopliae (six isolates) or Beauveria bassiana (nine isolates). There were no differences in numbers of fungal isolates from the three sampling locations. However, significantly more isolates were found in woodlands (eleven) than in pastures (four). Median lethal doses (LD50s) of these fungal species to C. formosanus were interspersed, indicating that fungal isolates rather than species had the greatest effect on virulence. In vitro growth characteristics were significantly correlated with virulence against termites, suggesting that fungal virulence might be predicted …
Effect Of Temperature On The Development Of Orius Albidipennis Reuter, A Predator Of The African Legume Flower Thrips, Megalurothrips Sjostedti Trybom, L. M. Gitonga, B. Löhr, W. A. Overholt, J. K. Magambo, J. M. Mueke
Effect Of Temperature On The Development Of Orius Albidipennis Reuter, A Predator Of The African Legume Flower Thrips, Megalurothrips Sjostedti Trybom, L. M. Gitonga, B. Löhr, W. A. Overholt, J. K. Magambo, J. M. Mueke
All Peer-Reviewed Publications
The effects of temperature on the development of Orius albidipennis (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), reared on its prey, Megalurothrips sjostedti (Trybom) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), were studied in the laboratory. Nymphal mortality was 87, 48 and 38% at 20, 25 and 30 °C, respectively. With the exception of first-instar nymphs, percentage mortality was lowest at 25 °C. Pre-oviposition period and longevity decreased with an increase in temperature. Mean daily and total fecundity were 2.1 and 76.4 respectively at 25 °C. The mean developmental period from oviposition to adult eclosion was 27.7, 14.1 and 10.9 days at 20, 25 and 30 °C respectively. There …
Polymorphism For Wolbachia Infections In Eastern And Southern African Cotesia Sesamiae (Cameron) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) Populations, Adele J. Ngi-Song, Moses B. Mochiah
Polymorphism For Wolbachia Infections In Eastern And Southern African Cotesia Sesamiae (Cameron) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) Populations, Adele J. Ngi-Song, Moses B. Mochiah
All Peer-Reviewed Publications
Cotesia sesamiae (Cameron) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is an indigenous, gregarious, larval endo/parasitoid which is widely distributed in Africa and attacks mid- to late instars of stemborers. There is renewed interest in using Co. sesamiae for biological control to reduce the problems caused by stemborers. However, Wolbachia sp., a bacterial symbiont of some populations of Co. sesamiae, poses some threat to the successful use of the parasitoid for stemborer control. This bacterium's common effect is cytoplasmic incompatibility, between infected males and uninfected females. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests were carried out on parasitoid samples collected from 5 locations in Kenya and 8 …
Release Of Cotesia Flavipes Cameron For Biological Control Of Cereal Stemborers In Two Ecological Zones In Mozambique, D. Cugala, W. A. Overholt, L. Santos, D. Giga
Release Of Cotesia Flavipes Cameron For Biological Control Of Cereal Stemborers In Two Ecological Zones In Mozambique, D. Cugala, W. A. Overholt, L. Santos, D. Giga
All Peer-Reviewed Publications
Cotesiaflavipes Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a gregarious larval endoparasitoid of Cliilo parleUus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and other stemborers in the Indo-Australian region, was released in Mozambique for the first time in 1996. Before its release, countrywide surveys on stemborers and their natural enemies were conducted in several places. However, all led to the same conclusion: that Ch. partellns was the most abundant stemborer at the majority of locations, and that the rate of larval parasitism was very low (< 5 %). To evaluate the effect of stemborer species composition on- the establishment of Co. flavipes, two releases were made at two agroecologically different sites during the 1998/1999 and 1999/2000 growing seasons. Cotesiaflavipes was recovered from all the three stemborer species found at each site during the season of release and a year later. However, the rates of parasitism were very low, ranging from 0.6 to 1.9 % on Cli. partellus, 3.2 % on Sesamia calamislis Hampson (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and 2.6 % on Busseolafiisca Fuller (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The native natural enemy, Cotesia sesamiae (Cameron) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) was the most common larval parasitoid at the two sites. The recoveries of Co. flavipes during the release period and a year later indicate that this exotic parasitoid has become established at the two locations in the southern and central regipns of Mozambique, in spite of differences in stemborer species composition. However, it is too early to evaluate the impact of Co.flai'ipes on the stemborer populations. © 2001 ICIPE.
Cereal Stemborer Species Complex And Establishment Of Cotesia Flavipes Cameron In Eastern Uganda, T. Matama-Kauma, S. Kyamanywa, J. A. Ocwang, C. O. Omwega, H. R. Willson
Cereal Stemborer Species Complex And Establishment Of Cotesia Flavipes Cameron In Eastern Uganda, T. Matama-Kauma, S. Kyamanywa, J. A. Ocwang, C. O. Omwega, H. R. Willson
All Peer-Reviewed Publications
Studies were conducted in two districts of eastern Uganda from 1997 to 1999 to introduce and monitor the establishment of an exotic parasitoid, Cotesia flavipes Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), for the control of the stemborer Chilo partellns (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), and also to determine the stemborer species complex in maize and sorghum. The study confirmed the presence of four important stemborers, two pyralids Ch. parlellus and Eldana saccharina Walker and two noctuids, Busseola fusca Fuller and Sesamia calamistis Hampson. Chilo partellus was dominant, constituting 53-88% of stemborers found followed by B.fiisca at 8-37 %. The most abundant local parasitoid was the …
Distribution And Abundance, In Maize And Sorghum, Of Lepidopteran Stemborers And Associated Indigenous Parasitoids In Zanzibar, E. I. Nlyibigira, Z. S. Abdallah, W. A. Overholt
Distribution And Abundance, In Maize And Sorghum, Of Lepidopteran Stemborers And Associated Indigenous Parasitoids In Zanzibar, E. I. Nlyibigira, Z. S. Abdallah, W. A. Overholt
All Peer-Reviewed Publications
Studies to determine the relative abundance and distribution of stemborer species and their associated parasitoids in maize and sorghum were carried out during the 1995-1996 and 19992000 cropping seasons on Unguja and Pemba, the two main islands of Zanzibar. Three stemborer species were found on both islands in maize and sorghum, with the exotic species Chilo partellns (Swinhoe) (Crambidae) being the most abundant and widely distributed species, accounting for 75.3 % of stemborer attack. It was followed by Sesamia calamistis Hampson (Noctuidae) and C/i. oriclialcociliellus Strand (Crambidae). Stemborer abundance was significantly higher in Pemba (1.47 ± 0.20) than Unguja (0.85 …
Stemborer Research In Zimbabwe: Prospects For The Establishment Of Cotesia Flavipes Cameron, P. Clhnwada, C. O. Omvvega, W. A. Overholt
Stemborer Research In Zimbabwe: Prospects For The Establishment Of Cotesia Flavipes Cameron, P. Clhnwada, C. O. Omvvega, W. A. Overholt
All Peer-Reviewed Publications
The stemborers Busseola fnsca (Fuller) and Chilo partellus (Svvinhoe) cause the highest economic damage to maize and sorghum in Zimbabwe. A number of studies on stemborer bioecology and management in Zimbabwe have been conducted, but most are still incomplete. The more important of these are studies on life history, incidence and distribution patterns, host plants, yield losses, chemical control, cultural control, host plant resistance, the use of sex pheromones, and biological control. These are discussed here in detail, and areas where further research is needed are pointed out. As part of an integrated strategy for managing stemborers in Zimbabwe, an …
Biosystematics Of The Psyttalia Concolor Species Complex (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Opiinae): The Identity Of Populations Attacking Ceratitis Capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) In Coffee In Kenya, S. W. Kimani-Njogu, M. K. Trostle, R. A. Wharton, J. B. Woolley, A. Raspi
Biosystematics Of The Psyttalia Concolor Species Complex (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Opiinae): The Identity Of Populations Attacking Ceratitis Capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) In Coffee In Kenya, S. W. Kimani-Njogu, M. K. Trostle, R. A. Wharton, J. B. Woolley, A. Raspi
All Peer-Reviewed Publications
The identity of a species of Psyttalia, a parasitoid of tephritid fruit flies in Kenya, was investigated. Individuals reared from coffee infested with Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Medfly) and two other tephritid species in Kenya were compared with individuals of Psyttalia concolor (Szépligeti) from a laboratory culture in Italy used in augmentative biological control of olive fly, Bactrocera oleae (Gmelin). Reciprocal crosses showed full compatibility, with production of viable female offspring. A preliminary morphometric analysis demonstrated that most individuals originating from Italy could be separated from most of those from Kenya based largely on differences in overall size.
Greenhouse Trials Of New Bacillus Thuringiensis Isolates For Control Of Chilo Partellus Larvae In Sorghum, Michael Brownbridge
Greenhouse Trials Of New Bacillus Thuringiensis Isolates For Control Of Chilo Partellus Larvae In Sorghum, Michael Brownbridge
All Peer-Reviewed Publications
Eight new Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) isolates originally recovered from different source materials and geographic locations in Kenya were tested against Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) on sorghum grown in a greenhouse. All isolates had been demonstrated previously to be toxic to this pest. Bt strains were cultured in a liquid growth medium and preserved as powders for experimental application. Three-week-old sorghum plants (4-6 leaves) were artificially infested with 20 neonate C. partellus and sprayed 24 h later with Bt suspensions. Non-infested sorghum and infested non-treated sorghum served as the comparative checks within each experimental trial. Plant development and dead-heart formation were …
Potential Of The Entomopathogenic Fungus, Metarhizium Anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin For Control Of The Legume Flower Thrips, Megalurothrips Sjostedti (Trybom) On Cowpea In Kenya, S. Ekesi, N. K. Maniania, K. Ampong-Nyarko, I. Onu
Potential Of The Entomopathogenic Fungus, Metarhizium Anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin For Control Of The Legume Flower Thrips, Megalurothrips Sjostedti (Trybom) On Cowpea In Kenya, S. Ekesi, N. K. Maniania, K. Ampong-Nyarko, I. Onu
All Peer-Reviewed Publications
Field experiments were conducted at Mbita, western Kenya for two seasons to evaluate the potential of the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsh.) Sorokin, for biological control of the legume flower thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti (Trybom), on cowpea. An ultra-low-volume (ULV) oil/aqueous formulation and a high-volume (HV) aqueous formulation of conidia were applied three times each at two concentrations of 1 x 1011 and 1 x 1013 conidia ha-1. Compared with the untreated controls, both formulations significantly reduced thrips populations and plant damage in both seasons. Adult insects collected from fungal-treated plots and reared in the laboratory showed a high mortality due …
Susceptibility Of House Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Larvae To Entomopathogenic Nematodes (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae, Steinernematidae, David B. Taylor, Allen L. Szalanski, Byron J. Adams, Richard D. Peterson Ii
Susceptibility Of House Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Larvae To Entomopathogenic Nematodes (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae, Steinernematidae, David B. Taylor, Allen L. Szalanski, Byron J. Adams, Richard D. Peterson Ii
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
The potential for entomopathogenic nematodes to control flies in cattle feedlots was determined by screening 40 strains representing 8 species of Heterorhabditis Poinar and 5 species of Steinernema Travassos for virulence toward 3rd-instar house flies (maggots), Musca domestica L. None of the 22 strains of Heterorhabditis infecting maggots caused significant levels of mortality in a filter paper assay. Ten strains of Steinernema infected maggots, of which 7 strains--4 S. carpocapsa (Weiser), 2 S. feltiae (Filipjev), and 1 S. scapterisci (Nguyen & Smart) caused significant mortality. Ten Heterorhabditis strains and 10 Steinernema strains successllly reproduced for 22 generations in maggots. No …
Susceptibility Of House Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Larvae To Entomopathogenic Nematodes (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae, Steinernematidae), David B. Taylor, Allen L. Szalanski, Byron J. Adams, Richard D. Peterson Ii
Susceptibility Of House Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Larvae To Entomopathogenic Nematodes (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae, Steinernematidae), David B. Taylor, Allen L. Szalanski, Byron J. Adams, Richard D. Peterson Ii
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
The potential for entomopathogenic nematodes to control flies in cattle feedlots was determined by screening 40 strains representing 8 species of Heterorhabditis Poinar and 5 species of Steinemema Travassos for virulence toward 3rd-instar house flies (maggots), Musca domestica L. None of the 22 strains of Heterorhabditis infecting maggots caused significant levels of mortality in a filter paper assay. Ten strains of Steinemema infected maggots, of which 7 strains (4 S. carpocapsae (Weiser), 2 S.feltiae (Filipjev), and 1 S. scapterisci Nguyen & Smart) caused significant mortality. Ten Heterorhabditis strains and 10 Steinemema strains successfully reproduced for ≥ 2 generations in maggots. …
Suitability Of West African Gramineous Stemborers For The Development Of Cotesia Species, Y. Hailemichael, F. Schulthess, J. W. Smith, W. A. Overholt
Suitability Of West African Gramineous Stemborers For The Development Of Cotesia Species, Y. Hailemichael, F. Schulthess, J. W. Smith, W. A. Overholt
All Peer-Reviewed Publications
The palaeotropical, gregarious, endoparasitic braconids Cotesia sesamiae, Cotesia flavipes and Cotesia chilonis were recently imported into Benin as candidates for biological control of stem and cob borers of maize. Host acceptability and host suitability of six gramineous borers occurring in western Africa, namely the noctuids Sesamia calamistis, Sesamia poephaga, Busseola fusca and the pyralids Contesta ignefiisalis, Eldana saccharina and Mussidia nigrivenella, to these candidate parasitoids was evaluated in order to gain insight into the physiological suitability of the natural and factitious hosts. All hosts were accepted by all Cotesia spp., except M. nigrivenella which was not attacked by Co. chilonis. …
Western Flower Thrips, David F. Cook, Ian Dadour, Ernie Steiner, Brett Scourse
Western Flower Thrips, David F. Cook, Ian Dadour, Ernie Steiner, Brett Scourse
Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4
Western flower thrips (Franklinislla occidentalis Pergands) is a serious pest of floral and vegetable crops. From its original habitat in western USA it has now spread throughout North America, Mexico, New Zealand and Europe. David Cook, Ian Dadour, Ernis Steiner and Brett Scourse outline its biology and the control options available.
Importance Of Adult Food Sources To Host Searching Of The Larval Parasitoid Microplitis Croceipes, Keiji Takasu, W. J. Lewis
Importance Of Adult Food Sources To Host Searching Of The Larval Parasitoid Microplitis Croceipes, Keiji Takasu, W. J. Lewis
All Peer-Reviewed Publications
We conducted field experiments to determine the effects of food availability and parasitoid hunger on the searching behavior of Microplitis croceipes (Cresson) (Braconidae; Hymenoptera) in small corn and soybean plots. In both corn and soybean plots where food was not available, females which were well-fed prior to release parasitized more hosts than unfed females. Well-fed females spent more time hovering and less time searching undamaged leaves than did unfed females. Because hovering time is an indicator of active host searching, the better parasitization rate by well-fed females can be explained by the greater proportion of time spent in active host …
Effectiveness Of The Entomopathogenic Fungus Beauveria Bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. For Control Of The Stem Borer Chilo Partellus (Swinhoe) In Maize In Kenya, Nguya K. Maniania
Effectiveness Of The Entomopathogenic Fungus Beauveria Bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. For Control Of The Stem Borer Chilo Partellus (Swinhoe) In Maize In Kenya, Nguya K. Maniania
All Peer-Reviewed Publications
The fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and insecticide trichlorfon were compared for the control of stem borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) in field experiments at different times of infestation. Egg masses of C. partellus at the blackhead stage were pinned to the undersurface of the maize leaves. Two fungal formulations, conidial aqueous suspensions and a granular formulation, were applied. Compared with the untreated checks, the numbers of surviving C. partellus larvae were significantly reduced in treatments where B. bassiana was applied at a concentration of 1013 conidia ha-1 as granules and as two aqueous spray formulations. No significant difference in numbers …
Some Aspects Of Mating Behavior Of Glossina Morsitans Morsitans Males Infected With A Dna Virus, Walter G.Z.O. Jura, John O.A. Davies-Cole
Some Aspects Of Mating Behavior Of Glossina Morsitans Morsitans Males Infected With A Dna Virus, Walter G.Z.O. Jura, John O.A. Davies-Cole
All Peer-Reviewed Publications
Mating behavior of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood males, inoculated with the DNA virus during the third-instar larval stage, and sexual receptivity of females premated with such males were studied in the laboratory. Like normal males, the virus-infected males readily located females and mounted them instantaneously. The mean duration of copulation was similar in both normal and infected groups, and all males in both groups experienced the final jerking phase before separating. The value for the degree of insemination (mean spermathecal value) for the females mated with normal males was significantly greater than that for the flies mated with the virus-infected …
Screening For Highly Effective Isolates Of Bacillus Thuringiensis Against Spodoptera Exempta And Spodoptera Littoralis, M. Hamal, M. Brownbridge, M. Broza, B. Sneh
Screening For Highly Effective Isolates Of Bacillus Thuringiensis Against Spodoptera Exempta And Spodoptera Littoralis, M. Hamal, M. Brownbridge, M. Broza, B. Sneh
All Peer-Reviewed Publications
Several new isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner have shown significantly higher levels of insecticidal activity than the previous best isolates (Bt24- entomocidus and IH-A- aizawai) against both Spodoptera littoralis Boisd. and Spodoptera exempta Walker. The best ones, in the following descending order of potency, were: against S. littoralis — K26–21, MF4B–2, MR1–37, K28–30, K26–8; against S. exempta — Bt-3, K30–3, HD-133, MR1–37, Bt-17, K26–8, K26–21, MF4B-2, HD-593. Larvae of S. exempta were considerably more susceptible (4.12–1.25 fold) to some of the isolates (Bt-3, K30–3, HD-133, MR1–37, Bt-17, K26–8, HD-593) than S. littoralis. © 1991, Springer Science + Business Media B.V.. …
Soil Applications Of Steinernematid And Heterorhabditid Nematodes For Control Of Colorado Potato Beetles, Leptinotarsa Decemlineata (Say), Robert J. Wright, Fernando Agudelo-Silva, Ramon Georgis
Soil Applications Of Steinernematid And Heterorhabditid Nematodes For Control Of Colorado Potato Beetles, Leptinotarsa Decemlineata (Say), Robert J. Wright, Fernando Agudelo-Silva, Ramon Georgis
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
Three strains of Steinernema feltiae Filipjev (All, Mexican, and Breton strains) and one of Heterorhabditis heliothidis (Khan, Brooks, and Hirschmann) were evaluated for their potential to control Colorado potato beetle (CPB), Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), larvae and pupae in the soil. In laboratory studies, H. heliothidis and S. feltiae (Mexican strain) produced the highest mortality (6 days posttreatment) of CPB when applied to the surface of a soil column containing mature CPB larvae 5 cm below. Mortality ranged from 80 to 90% at rates of 79-158 nematodes/cm2. Similar results were seen in a field microplot study with all four …
Susceptibility Of The Sod Webworm Pediasia Trisecta To Biological Control Agents, E. A. Heinrichs, C. J. Southards
Susceptibility Of The Sod Webworm Pediasia Trisecta To Biological Control Agents, E. A. Heinrichs, C. J. Southards
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
Homeowners in Tennessee have observed complete destruction of their lawns by the sod webworm a few months after applying an insecticide to control sod webworms or white grubs. The reason for this increase rather than a decrease in the webworm population is not perfectly understood. We believe, however, that the natural enemies of the webworm may be reduced to such low population levels that they exert very little control on the webworm. Thus, once the natural enemies are destroyed in a lawn, it may require several months or even years for them to increase to a population level necessary to …