Entomology Commons^™

Sminthurus Mencenbergae, New Species From Canada And Michigan (Collembola: Sminthuridae), Richard J. Snider

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A new species, Sminthurus (Sminthurus) mencenbergar Snider, is described from Canada and Michigan.

Michigan's Cooperative Forest Pest Management Program, A Team Approach To Improving Forest Management, Louis F. Wilson, Daniel G. Mosher, Gary A. Simmons

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A forest management team was organized in the late 1970's by cooperative efforts of Michigan's universities. the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, and the USDA Forest Service.The goals were to devise new technologies, transfer available technology, and service and management alternatives to forest land managers in Michigan. The program throughout has emphasized forest management rather than pest management for prevention and control of pests. Dissemination of pest management information has been of importance and new research results have gone directly to land managers for immediate use. The team participates in forest compartmental reviews and helps prescribe management plans for land …

Some Observations On Insecticide Resistance, Robert F. Ruppel

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A model for development of resistance to an insecticide in an insect population is presented. The rate of development of resistance increased with increases in the proportion of the breeding population exposed to the insecticide and with increases in the survival from exposure to the insecticide. Restricting application of insecticides to an "only if needed" basis and, within limits, dosages that assure minimal survival of the exposed insects are suggested as means of impeding resistance to insecticides. The huge gene pools represented by the large populations of pest species are assumed to maintain insecticide resistance as a continuing problem in …

Bibliographic Guide To The Terrestrial Arthropods Of Michigan, Mark F. O'Brien

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Papers dealing with distribution, faunal extensions, and identification of Michigan insects and other terrestrial arthropods are listed by order, and cover the period of 1878 through 1982.

Flower Associations Of Mimetic Syrphidae (Diptera) In Northern Michigan, G. P. Waldbauer

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Collections of specialized (high fidelity) mimetic Syrphidae in northern Michigan revealed 19 species associated with 18 flowering plants. Almost 97% of these syrphids were taken on seven plant species or species groups, all with conspicuous white or yellow blossoms, and all but one with aggregate inflorescences. Pastinaca sativa (Umbelliferae) is visited by many mimetic syrphids in northern Michigan but by very few in central Illinois; the opposite is true of Sambucus canadensis (Caprifoliaceae). In northern Michigan mimetic syrphids exploit a sequence of blossoming plants that more or less replace each other as the season progresses. The cooling effect of Lake …

Host-Feeding Behavior Of The House Mosquito Culex Pipiens In Northwest Ohio (Diptera: Culicidae), C. Lee Rockett, Donald A. Somers

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The human-biting behavior of Culex pipiens was investigated in northwest Ohio. The biting studies were conducted by exposing a human volunteer for 33 h at ground and 10-m height levels in a field area which contained sizeable populations of C. pipiens. No significant feeding on humans was noted and only a single specimen of C. pipiens was observed to attempt feeding. Concurrent light trap data revcaled a definite stratification preference for C. pipiens at the 10-m height level. In the laboratory, caged C. pipiens were allowed to feed on humans (l2-h period) with no positive results. Other caged specimens …

The World Of The Tent-Makers/ A Natural History Of The Eastern Tent Caterpillar. V. G. Dethier. University Of Massachusetts Press, Amherst, Ma 01002. 1980. 148 Pages, $12.50 (Cloth), $5,95 (Paper)., Frederick W. Stehr

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

This book is small in size, but large in stature, a simply eloquent narrative on the encounters of genes; a look at the problems and solutions evolved by the eastern tent caterpillar in getting from one year to the next.

Distribution And Hybridization Of Hyalophora Columbia (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) In Wisconsin, Leslie A. Ferge

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Hyalophora columbia (Smith) has been collected in 12 Wisconsin counties, primarily in the north-central region. The adult flight season peaks during the second week of June. Hyalophora cecropia (L.) was found to occur in many of the columbia localities, and to be active at the same time as columbia. Despite this overlap, natural hybrids were very rarely seen.

Checklist Of American Uloboridae (Arachnida: Araneae), Brent D. Opell

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Names, synonyms, and distributions uloborid spiders known from North, Central, and South America are provided.

A Pyralid Moth (Lepidoptera) As Pollinator Of Blunt-Leaf Orchid, Edward G. Voss, Richard E. Riefner Jr.

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

As early as 1912, mosquitoes were observed bearing the pollen masses (pollinia) of the blunt-leaf orchid, Habenaria obtusata (Pursh) Richardson, in Reese's Bog, a cedar swamp at the north end of Burt Lake, Cheboygan County, Michigan, near the campus of the University of Michigan Biological Station (Dexter 1913).

Buprestidae, Cerambycidae, And Scolytidae Associated With Successive Stages Of Agrilus Bilineatus (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) Infestation Of Oaks In Wisconsin, Robert A. Haack, Daniel M. Benjamin, Kevin D. Haack

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The species of Buprestidae, Cerambycidae, and Scolytidae found in association with Agrilus bilineatus (Weber) in declining oaks, Quercus spp., in Wisconsin, were Chrysobothris femorata (Olivier) and Dicerca sp. (Buprestidae); Amniscus macula (Say),Cyrtaphorus verrucosus (Olivier), Euderces picipes (Fabricius), Graphisurus fasciatus (DeGeer), Neodytus acuminatus (Fabricius), Sarosesthes fulminans (Fabricius), and Xylotrechus colonus (Fabricius) (Cerambycidae); and Monarthrum fasciatum (Say), Monarthrum mali (Fitch), Pseudopityophthorus minutissimus (Zimmerman), and Xylaterinus politus (Say) (Scolytidae). In general, weakened oaks were first attacked by A. bilineatus. and at times that same year by C. femorata. G. fasdalus, and P. minutissimus. Infestation by M.fasciatum, M. mali, and X. politus began …

Effects Of Various Split Developmental Photophases And Constant Light During Each 24 Hour Period On Adult Morphology In Thyanta Calceata (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), J. E. Mcpherson, T. E. Vogt, S. M. Paskewitz

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Rearing immatures of Thyanta calceata in a range of split photophases during each 24 h period and in constant light showed that the adult dimorphic response in color and pu- bescence could be produced; individuals reared in photoperiods in which each scotophase was at least 2 h in length generally developed into the fall/spring morph.

Seasonal Flight Patterns Of Hemiptera In A North Carolina Black Walnut Plantation. 7. Miridae, J. E. Mcpherson, B. C. Weber, T. J. Henry

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The seasonal flight patterns of 79 species of Miridae collected in window traps in a North Carolina black walnut plantation are described. Flying height distributions and seasonal flight activities of Deraeocoris nebulosus (Uhler), Keltonia sulphurea (Reuter), Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), Plagiognathus politus Uhler, and Reuteroscopus ornatus (Reuter) are considered in detail.

Collections Of Hibernating Ground Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae), Gary A. Dunn

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

The mild, snowless winter weather of late December 1982 and early January 1983 made it easy to obtain litter and soil samples for extraction of overwintering ground beetles. Collections of this nature are desirable in order to positively confirm the hibernating status of Michigan carabid beetles. As an added benefit, the collections also produced several specimens of rare species which had not been previously collected by other methods (blacklighting and hand collecting) in the same areas during the spring and summer of 1982.

First Record Of The Mosquitoes Aedes Dupreei Psorophora Horrida, And Psorophora Mathesoni (Diptera: Culicidae) In St. Joseph County, Indiana, Roger S. Nasci, David B. Taylor, Leonard E. Munsterman

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

Adult females of Aedes (Ochlerotatus) dupreei (Coquillett), Psorophora (lanthinosoma) horrida (Dyar and Knab), and Psorophora (Janthinosoma) mathesoni (Belkin and Heinemann) were collected on 18 and 19 June 1981, in an oak woodlot in South Bend, Indiana.

Status And Management Of Pyrethroid Resistance In The Predatory Mite, Amblyseius Fallacis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae), B. A. Croft

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Low levels of (5-15 fold) resistance to synthetic pyrethroid (SP) insecticides occur in unexposed apple orchard populations of the predatory mite, Amblyseius fallacis Garman. Permethrin resistance in one strain has been elevated 60--500 fold by selections in green- houses. Multiple resistances to DDT and azinphosmethyl are present and cross-resistance to SP-related compounds is generic at 10--250 fold. Permethrin resistance appears due to both hydrolytic esterase and knock down resistance mechanisms. Permethrin resistance appears to be polygenic and more recessive than dominant; it is unstable in the presence of high densities of susceptible immigrant types, but is reasonably stable in the …

Field Evaluation Of Trap Components For The Introduced Pine Sawfly, Diprion Similis (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae), H. A. Thomas

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Three sizes of the Conrel Delta trap, a yellow cardboard tube trap, and the Pherocon II standard trap generally used in detection surveys were evaluated. Tests were run for 41 days in the summer of 1980 and 35 days in the spring of 1981. The lure in all traps was the standard 38-cm cotton dental roll charged with 10 female equivalents of crude virgin female pheromone extract. In 1980, all test traps outperformed the standard Pherocon II model. In 1981, the Pherocon II traps captured more males than any of the others. The catch in the Delta traps appeared to …

Description Of The Fifth Instar Of Epiptera Opaca (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea: Achilidae), Stephen W. Wilson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

Epiptera opaca (Say) ranges from Quebec south to Georgia and west to Ontario and Mississippi; it has also been recorded from British Columbia (Beirne 1950, Wilson and McPherson 1980). This achilid has been associated with pines (Hepburn 1967); otherwise no information on the biology of this species is available. Based on observations of E. fusca (Walker), Hepburn (1967) noted that the immature stages of all species of Epiptera probably live beneath the loose bark of dead trees, presumably feeding on fungal hyphae.

Determining The Cost Of An Ipm Scouting Program, Grayson C. Brown

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A simple model of an integrated pest management (IPM) program is presented. The model incorporates most common sources of income and expenditure encountered by scouting programs. It has been validated in the 30-county Kentucky IPM program using county- specific parameters and agrees very well with current pricing policies in those counties. This indicates that it should be a reliable indicator of future policies as labor and fuel costs rise. Other applications of the model are discussed.

Technology Transfer In Forest Pest Management: A Case History, John A. Witter, Gary A. Simmons, Bruce A. Montgomery, Randall G. Rogan

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The current approach being used in the spruce budworm technology transfer program for the Lake States is described. During 1981-1982, we concentrated on needs assessment surveys and the development and packaging of materials in five areas: general manual, chemical control handbook, silviculture handbook, instruction manual for remote sensing workshops, and technical reports on budworm impact on spruce-fir stands. We present a list of factors that researchers and technology transfer specialists should consider when plan- ning a research and technology transfer program in forest pest management.

Spruce Budworm Egg Mass Density On Balsam Fir And White Spruce: Low Population Levels (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), Gary A. Simmons, Gary W. Fowler

The Great Lakes Entomologist

As part of a study to develop improved foliage sampling methods for spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens), egg masses, two balsam fir (four in one stand), Abies balsamea, and two white spruce, Picea glauca, trees were chosen from each of five spruce- fir stands in Michigan's Upper Peninsula in 1980. All stands had very low to low population densities. Each tree was completely enumerated so that the number of new egg masses, foliage surface area, and egg mass density could be determined for the entire tree, three crown classes, four quadrants, and the tree top. Results indicated (1) considerable tree-to- …

Spruce Budworm Egg Mass Density On Balsam Fir: Low To Extreme Population Levels (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), Gary W. Fowler, Gary A. Simmons

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A study was initiated in Michigan's Upper Peninsula to develop improved foliage sampling methods for spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens), egg masses. Four balsam fir, Abies balsamea, trees were chosen from each of four stands in 1979, and four balsam fir trees were chosen from one stand in 1980. The number of new egg masses, foliage surface area, and crown and quadrant classes of each branch were determined for all trees. Egg mass density for each part of the tree was determined by dividing total number of egg masses by total surfaee area. The 20 trees were divided into five …

Ethology And Overwintering Of Podalonia Luctuosa (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae), Mark F. O'Brien, Frank E. Kurczewski

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The nesting and overwintering behavior of Podalonia luctuosa (Smith) was studied in New York and Colorado. Females provisioned shallow (ca. 2 cm deep), unicellular nests with a single cutworm (Noctuidae) during April, May, and July. Paralyzed prey were trans- ported on the ground and were cached on plants just above ground level. Prey weights averaged about 400 mg. The miltogrammine fly Hilarella hilarella Zetterstedt parasitized prey at both localities. From I to IO adult females were found to overwinter in burrows 0.5 m deep, which were dug in late summer and early fall. Collection data and field studies indicated that …

Seasonal Emergence Patterns Of Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) In Northwestern Pennsylvania, P. H. Adler, B. L. Travis, K. C. Kim, E. C. Masteller

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A two-year emergence trap study of black flies at four sites in northwestern Pennsylvania yielded 1%3 individuals of nine species. The collections included Prosimulium mixtum, P. jU5cum, Stegapterna mutata, Simulium aureum, S. excisum (recorded for the first time from Pennsylvania), S. gauldingi, S. sp. nr. innacens, S. vittatum, and S. tuberasum. Species richness for all sites peaked during May. Emergence collections below a sewage plant effluent outfall represented fewer individuals and species than collections above the effluent outfall. Chromosomal analysis of supplementary larval collections revealed the IIIL-l and IS-7 sibling species of S. vittatum and the FG sibling of S. …

The Influence Of Plant Dispersion On Movement Patterns Of The Colorado Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa Decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Catherine E. Bach

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The influence of plant dispersion on movements of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), was studied with mark-recapture techniques. Beetles released between potato monocultures, polycultures with two additional non-host plant species, and polycultures with five additional non-host species, randomly colonized the three types of plots. Releases between different arrangements of potted host and non-host plants showed (1) greater beetle colonization and greater length of time spent on potato plants growing alone than on potato plants surrounded by non-host vegetation, and (2) no effect of potato plant density on colonization or tenure time. Overall, there was a 65~ …

A Split-Stem Lesion On Young Hybrid Populus Trees Caused By The Tarnished Plant Bug, Lygus Lineolaris (Hemiptera: [Heteroptera]: Miridae), Frank J. Sapio, Louis F. Wilson, Michael E. Ostry

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The tarnished plant bug, known principally as an agricultural pest, injures young hybrid Populus by feeding on the stems and meristems. Tarnished plant bug eggs, fungi associated with some lesions, and simple mechanical stimuli alone from feeding appeared not to cause lesion formation. Of 20 Populus hybrids tested in a clonal trial, four appeared to be consistently susceptible to lesion injury, with Populus nigra var. betulifolia x trichocarpa the most susceptible. Several clones showed high resistance in the trial but a few were susceptible in other plantings and in host preference tests when caged with tarnished plant bugs. Lesions diminished …

Descriptions Of Nymphal Instars Of Thyanta Calceata (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), S. M. Paskewitz, J. E. Mcpherson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The external anatomy of each of the five nymphal instars of Thyanta calceata is de- scribed.